State and Government Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 3

By reviewing Kerala Syllabus 6th Standard Social Science Notes Pdf English Medium and Class 6 Social Science Chapter 3 State and Government Notes Questions and Answers Kerala SCERT Solutions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 3 State and Government Notes Questions and Answers

Class 6 Social Science State and Government Notes Questions and Answers

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 3 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus

Question 1.
The given lines were written by Anne Frank in her beloved diary named ‘Kitty’. She had to lead a life hiding in a small, confined room in her own country, because of Hitler’s military attack.

a) Here, what all does Anne Frank wish for?
b) What all does our native land guarantee us? Discuss.
Answer:
a)

• To lead a life of freedom.
• To live in a house of her own.
• To attend school and continue her studies.
• To speak and live in the language she loves.

b)

• Freedom
• Safety and Protection
• Education
• Health Care
• Right to live and work anywhere.

Question 2.
Look at the collage given below.

a) Here, who fulfills the demands of the people and ensures their security?
b) What are the services provided by the state to the people?
Answer:
a) The state (Government)
b) Education, Healthcare, Transport, electricity and Water Supply, etc.

Question 3.
Look at the pictures given below. Which one of these can be considered a ‘school’ in the complete sense of the term?

Answer:
Fig 3.1 (B)
For a school to become a ‘school’ in the real sense, there should be children, teachers, and staff, along with other facilities. The concept of school becomes complete when they work together harmoniously and actively.

Question 4.
Can you find out?
a) The country with the highest population
b) The country with the lowest population
Answer:
a) India
b) Vatican City

Question 5.
Complete the worksheet.
Draw against the True statement and against the False statement.

Answer:

The required population for the formation of state has been fixed as one lakh.
People belonging to different religion and class can be part of the population of a state.
The state is the highest political institution established by people.
A state can exist without people.

Question 6.
The map of South Sudan that was formed in 2011 is given below.

a) In which continent is South Sudan situated?
b) Which river enriches this country with water?
c) Identify and note down the countries that borders South Sudan.
Answer:
a) Africa
b) Nile River
c) North – Sudan
South – Uganda and Democratic Republic of the Congo
East – Ethiopia and Kenya
West – Central African Republic

Question 7.
Examine the map in your Social Science Lab, identify the biggest country and the smallest country in the world.
Answer:
Biggest Country: Russia Smallest Country: Vatican City

Question 8.
Prepare a note on the role played by the territory in the formation of a state.
Answer:
For the existence of a state, a permanent and well-defined territory is essential. But the area of territory for the formation of a state has not been specified. The land area, the water bodies, the air space and the coastal areas of a country come under the jurisdiction of that territory. Modem states are generally larger in territorial size. The territory helps the state manage its resources, protect its borders, and serve its people by building homes, schools, hospitals, and more. It is one of the most important parts in the formation of a state.

Question 9.
Complete the concept map, which includes the major responsibilities of the government.

Answer:

Question 10.
Which of these given news the sovereignty of the state is maintained? Explain why. Prepare a note.

Answer:
The second news – “Nuclear policy country’s internal affair: No need of interference from other countries, says India” shows that the sovereignty of the state is maintained.

Sovereignty means that a country has full control over its own decisions without any outside influence. In this news, India clearly says that its nuclear policy is an internal matter and that there is no need for interference from other countries. This shows that India is exercising its right to act independently, which is a sign of sovereignty being protected and respected.

On the other hand, the first news talks about America trying to interfere in Myanmar’s affairs, which means Myanmar’s sovereignty is being challenged. The second news is an example of a country protecting its sovereignty by making its own decisions and not allowing interference from others.

Question 11.
Write the basic components of state on strips and keep them in the bowl on the table. Each one should take a strip. Those who got the same topic, form groups. Each group discuss the topic they got. Present them in different ways (posters, notes, speeches, panel discussion, role play etc.)
Answer:
Basic components of state: Population, Territory, Government, Sovereignty.
Model of Poster. Topic: Population

• “A state cannot exist without people.”
• “People are the most important part of a state!”

Question 12.
Complete the worksheet about the origin and development of states.
Answer:

In the hierarchical system of king-lords-farmers, the power of the king is limited.	Feudal state
Logical thinking, scientific temper, Industrial Revolution and national consciousness led to the formation of these states	Nation State
Bronze Age Civilization centres belong to this administrative system	Oriental Administrative Systems
People being born into same clan, having common interests and similar economic activities are the features of this type of state	Tribal State

Question 13.
Given below are the data collected by Kiran for comparing state and government. Arrange them suitably in the table given below.
• It has sovereignty.
• It keeps changing.
• It is a broad concept.
• It is a permanent institution.
• It is a component of the state.
• All people are included in this.
• Administrators and officials are included in this.
• Sovereignty is executed through this agency.

Answer:

State	Government
It has sovereignty.	It keeps changing.
It is a broad concept.	It is a component of the state.
It is a permanent institution.	Administrators and officials are included in this.
All people are included in this.	Sovereignty is executed through this agency.

Question 14.
Examine the following news headlines given below. Identify, under the scope of which government organs these headlines can be categorized into.
• Court Procedures to be Telecast Live, says the Supreme Court
• The Government Prepares for Strict Implementation of the Right to Education Act
• Environment Protection: Amendment of Law soon
• Green Protocol to be Followed Strictly in Schools: Department of Education
• Revision of Traffic Rules: Court to be Informed of the Progress
• Parliament Approves Revision of Transport Rules
Answer:

Court Procedures to be Telecast Live, says the Supreme Court	Judiciary
The Government Prepares for Strict Implementation of the Right to Education Act	Executive
Environment Protection: Amendment of Law soon	Legislature
Green Protocol to be Followed Strictly in Schools: Department of Education	Executive
Revision of Traffic Rules: Court to be Informed of the Progress	Judiciary
Parliament Approves Revision of Transport Rules	Legislature

State and Government Questions and Answers Extended Activities

Question 1.
Conduct a study tour to the Legislative Assembly / the District Collectorate / a Court of Law to have a first hand experience about the functioning of the Legislature or the Executive or the Judiciary.
Answer:
(Hints)
Step 1: Choose the Institution to Visit (Legislative Assembly / the District Collectorate / a Court of Law) Step 2: Get Necessary Permissions (Write a request letter from your school to the concerned authority and fix a suitable date for the visit)
Step 3: Prepare for the Visit (Prepare questions to ask during the visit)
Step 4: Conduct the Visit.
Step 5: Interact with Officials (Ask questions about their duties and responsibilities)
Step 6: Write down observations and learnings.

Question 2.
Conduct a seminar on the topic ‘From Tribal States to Nation States’ including various stages and developments of state formation.
Sub Topics
• Tribal states
• Oriental administrative systems
• Greek city-states
• Roman Empire
• Feudal states
• Nation states
Answer:
(Hints)
Step 1: Introduction
Step 2: Present Each Subtopic One by One
Step 3: Use Visuals
Step 4: Summarize and Conclude
Step 5: Interactive Session

Question 3.
An interview has been scheduled with the representatives of the Legislature, the Executive and the Judiciary to learn more about these. Prepare a questionnaire in groups and conduct the interview.
Answer:
Questions for the Legislature Representative (Eg: Member of Legislative Assembly or Parliament)

• What is the main role of the Legislature?
• What is a Bill, and how does it become a law?
• How do you ensure that the government remains accountable to the people?
• What challenges do you face while working as a legislator?

Questions for the Executive Representative (Eg: District Collector, Police Officer, or Government Official)

• What is the main function of the Executive in our government?
• Can you explain your daily duties and responsibilities?
• How are government policies and programs implemented?
• How do you coordinate with other departments to serve the public?
• What qualities are most important for someone in the Executive branch?

Questions for the Judiciary Representative (Eg: Judge, Magistrate, or Lawyer)

• What is the role of the Judiciary in our country?
• How do you ensure justice is delivered fairly and quickly?
• What is the process of hearing and deciding a case?
• How does the Judiciary protect the rights of citizens?
• What are the main challenges faced in the legal system today?

State and Government Class 6 Notes Pdf

Std 6 Social Science State and Government Notes

• State is the highest socio-political institution formed by the people.
• Population, territory, government and sovereignty are the factors that form a state.
• The population of a state can include people belonging to different religion, class and colour.
• Without people, a state cannot exist. But the number of people required to form a state, has not been fixed.
• For the existence of a state, a permanent and well-defined territory is essential. But the area of territory for the formation of a state has not been specified.
• Government is an agency to form the policies of the state, express and execute them.
• The supreme power of the state to take decisions without being subjected to external interventions or pressure in any form is termed sovereignty.
• Political Science is the scientific study of the state. It was in ancient Greece where the study of the state started first.
• Theories of state formation are Force Theory, Theory of Social Contract, and Theory of Social Evolution.
• Feudalism is a social administrative system in which the lords exploited the workers in their agricultural fields like slaves.
• The term ‘feudalism’ originated from the German word ‘feud’, which means ‘a piece of land’.
• Renaissance is the new awakening in the artistic and intellectual fields during the 14th and 15th centuries in Italy and other European countries.
• The government helps to keep the relationship dynamic between the people and the state.
• State cannot exist without a government.
• The various laws, policies and programmes of the state are executed through the organs of government.

INTRODUCTION

The chapter “State and Government” helps us understand how people live together in an organized way. It explains the close relationship between the state and the people who live in it. We learn about how states were formed in the past through different theories, like the Force theory, Social evolution theory, and Social contract theory. The chapter also discusses the difference between the state and the government, and how both are connected. While the state is permanent and made up of people, territory, government, and sovereignty, the government is the body that runs the state by making and enforcing laws. This chapter helps us understand how rules are made and how leaders work for the welfare of the people.

STATE AND PEOPLE
It is the state that enables an environment for the people to live with liberty, dignity and without fear.

STATE

• State is the highest socio-political institution formed by the people.
• A group of people living permanently within a definite territory with a sovereign government is a State.
• Population, territory, government and sovereignty are the factors that form a state.

It is the responsibility of the state to make laws and to ensure the welfare of its people. The state protects the rights of the people. Moreover, it defines the responsibilities of the people towards the state.

COMPONENTS OF THE STATE

a) Population
Without people, a state cannot exist. But the number of people required to form a state, has not been fixed.

• The population of a state can include people belonging to different religion, class and colour.
• People become a part of a state when they stay together with mutual dependence, common interests and collective consciousness.

b) Territory

• For the existence of a state, a permanent and well-defined territory is essential. But the area of territory for the formation of a state has not been specified.
• The land area, the water bodies, the air space and the coastal areas of a country come under the jurisdiction of that territory. Modern states are generally larger in territorial size.
  Eg: South Sudan is a country that was formed from ten southern states liberated from Sudan, the biggest country in Africa.

c) Government
The government plays a significant role in ensuring the welfare of the people in a state. It is the government which helps to keep the relationship between the state and the people active. A particular territory need not become a state just because it is inhabited by people. A system called ‘government’ is essential to coordinate the resources and the people there. The state is a permanent institution whereas the government keeps changing.

• Government is an agency to form the policies of the state, express and execute them.
• The government handles law and order, rule of law, defence, foreign relations, roads, bridges, drinking water, electricity, education and the like.

d) Sovereignty
• The supreme power of the state to take decisions without being subjected to external interventions or pressure in any form is termed sovereignty. This is a unique characteristic of the state.

The state makes laws and takes political decisions as part of its sovereign power. The state executes and protects its sovereign power through the government. Even if there are people, territory and the government, state cannot exist without sovereignty.

The State and Political Science

• Political Science is the scientific study of the state. It was in ancient Greece where the study of the state started first.
• The City-States were the basis for the study of the state.
• Greek thinkers like Socrates, Plato and Aristotle initiated the thoughts related to state.
• It was Aristotle, the Father of Political Science who used the term ‘politics’ for the first time. ‘Politics’ is a well-known work authored by him.

State The Greeks referred to city-states as ‘polis’ whereas the Romans used the term ‘civitas’. It was the Italian philosopher Niccolo Machiavelli who used the term ‘state’ in its modem sense, for the first time. The English word ‘state’ came into existence from the term ‘status’ which was popular among Teutons, the ancient tribes in Germany.

FORMATION OF STATE: VARIOUS THEORIES
Various theories that led to the formation of the state.

FROM TRIBAL STATE TO NATION STATE
The nature of modern state is entirely different from that of the earlier states. The changes in the nature of states are:


Feudalism

• Feudalism is a social administrative system in which the lords exploited the workers in their agricultural fields like slaves.
• The term ‘feudalism’ originated from the German word ‘feud’, which means ‘a piece of land’.
• Feudalism existed in Europe during the Middle Ages.

Renaissance

• Renaissance is the new awakening in the artistic and intellectual fields during the 14th and 15th centuries
  in Italy and other European countries.
• The main feature of this age is that humans were given more importance than religious doctrines.
• Petrarch, Dante, Da Vinci and so on influenced the Renaissance in various fields.

STATE AND GOVERNMENT: MUTUAL RELATIONSHIP
In a state it is the government that carries out the administration. The government helps to keep the relationship dynamic between the people and the state. State cannot exist without a government. The various laws, policies and programmes of the state are executed through the organs of government. For the effective functioning of the government, it is essential that these three organs must act complementary to each other.