By reviewing Kerala Syllabus 6th Standard Social Science Notes Pdf English Medium and Class 6 Social Science Chapter 6 From Agriculture to Industry Notes Questions and Answers Kerala SCERT Solutions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.
Class 6 Social Science Chapter 6 From Agriculture to Industry Notes Questions and Answers
Class 6 Social Science From Agriculture to Industry Notes Questions and Answers
Class 6 Social Science Chapter 6 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus
Question 1.
List the findings of Nishan’s observations in their chronological order.
Answer:
- The making of weapons and tools
- The expansion of agriculture
- The exchange of commodities
- The sale of commodities
Question 2.
Write a note on the expansion of agriculture leading to the formation of cities using the given flowchart.
Answer:
When people started farming more, they grew extra food. This is called surplus production. They stored the extra food safely for future use. Later, people began to exchange their stored food and goods with others. This led to the start of fairs and markets, where many people came to buy and sell things. As these markets grew larger and more bustling, they gradually evolved into trading centers and eventually into cities. So, farming was the first step that helped in the growth of big cities.
Question 3.
List the economic activities shown in the above pictures under the following three categories.
Answer:
| Primary Sector | Secondary Sector | Tertiary Sector |
| Mining | Industry | Health sector |
| Fishing | Construction | Communication |
| Agriculture | Production of electricity | Banking |
Question 4.
Haven’t you read the autobiography of the rubber footwear?
Similarly, prepare an autobiography that includes the production stages of any other product you use and present in the class.
Answer:
Autobiography of a Cotton Shirt
From a soft, green cotton plant growing under the bright sun, my journey began. I was just a fluffy cotton ball when I was picked from the plant. I was cleaned and spun into fine thread. Then, I was taken to a weaving machine where I became cloth. I was dyed into a lovely blue color and sent to a tailor’s shop. With the snip of scissors and the hum of a sewing machine, I was stitched into a shirt. Buttons were added, and I was neatly packed. At the shop, I waited on the shelf, hoping to find my human friend. One day, a kind person chose me and took me home.
Now, I go everywhere with my owner to school, to the park, and even to parties. I feel happy to be a part of their life!
Question 5.
Identify other natural resources used in the production process, in addition to those shown in the pictures, and complete the list.
Answer:
- Petroleum
- Metals
- Minerals- Iron, copper, gold etc.
- Natural gas
Question 6.
Haven’t you met the people in various employment in your locality? Find out the characteristics of their employment.
Answer:
Different types of jobs – People are engaged in farming, shopkeeping, teaching, driving, construction, and office work.
- Regular and irregular work
- Skilled and unskilled work
- Self-employed and salaried
- Seasonal and permanent
Question 7.
Complete the given worksheet on production and factors of production.
Answer:
| Uses physical and intellectual labour. | The labourer |
| The reward for capital in production process. | Interest |
| The factor of production that provides the necessary physical infrastructure for production. | Inputs |
| A person who takes the leadership in implementing a new business idea. | Entrepreneurs |
| In the production process, the factor in which rent is the reward. | Land |
Question 8.
Make a list of the goods and services you have used in your home in the past w eek.
Answer:
Goods: Food, clothing, furniture, bag, phones, appliances and computer.
Services: Education, Healthcare, Transportation, Cleaning services.
Question 9.
Complete the worksheet below.
Answer:
| Indicators | Yes | No |
| Legally stamped Maximum Retail Price (MRP) of the products is checked before purchasing. | ✓ | |
| When purchasing food items, it is ensured that the expiry date is not over: | ✓ | |
| The product had the quality claimed in the advertisements. | ✓ | |
| Timely after-sales service is available for electronic items at home. | ✓ | |
| The product purchased had the quality appropriate for its price. | ✓ |
Question 10.
Prepare a poster as part of observing Consumer Day and display at class level and school level.
Answer:
From Agriculture to Industry Questions and Answers Extended Activities
Question 1.
Complete the concept map.
Answer:
The Surface: soil, forest, crops
Petroleum, Coal, Metals: Non-renewable resources
Air, Sunlight, wind: Renewable resources.
Question 2.
Organise a seminar in class on the topic ‘Production and Factors of Production’. Collect data and present by forming into four groups: land, labour, capital, and organisation.
Answer:
(Hints)
Seminar: Production and Factors of Production
Topic: Production and its Factors
Groups: 4 – Land, Labour, Capital, Organisation
“Production means creating goods and services to satisfy human wants. It requires four main factors.” Group Work:
Group 1: Land
- Natural resources (soil, water, minerals, forests)
- Example: farming land, river for hydro power
Group 2: Labour
- Human effort (physical & mental work)
- Example: farmer, teacher, factory worker
Group 3: Capital
- Man-made resources used in production
- Example: machines, tools, buildings
Group 4: Organisation
- Entrepreneur who organises the other three and takes risk
- Example: business owner, manager
Question 3.
Organise an awareness class on ‘Consumer’s Rights’ on behalf of Social Science Club as part of observing National Consumer Day on 24th December.
Answer:
Speech on Consumer’s Rights
(For Social Science Club – National Consumer Day)
Good morning, everyone
Today, on the occasion of National Consumer Day, we have gathered here to create awareness about Consumer’s Rights. As consumers, we all buy goods and services every day. But do we know that we have certain rights to protect us from cheating and unfair practices?
Let me briefly tell you about these rights:
- The Right to Safety – to be protected from harmful products
- The Right to Information – to know the details about what we buy.
- The Right to Choose – to freely select what we need.
- The Right to be Heard – to file complaints if something goes wrong.
- The Right to Redressal – to get compensation for damage or loss.
- And the Right to Consumer Education – to learn about all these rights.
We should always check product details, bills, and quality before buying. If we face any problem, we must use our rights and complain to consumer forums. Let us all be alert and responsible consumers.
Thank, you.
Question 4.
Prepare a digital album by collecting images showing the inter-relationship among primary- secondary- tertiary sectors and display them in the class.
Answer:
(Hints)
From Agriculture to Industry Class 6 Notes Pdf
Std 6 Social Science From Agriculture to Industry Notes
- The practice of exchanging goods for other goods known as “Barter system.”
- Earlier the practice of exchange existed only locally. Later, it spread across regions.
- Gradually for the exchange of goods, coins made of copper, silver and gold were used as a medium of exchange.
- The activities that generate income are economic activities. These activities are made possible through the process of production. Economic activities in Primary sector, Secondary sector, Tertiary sector lead to the progress of the country.
- In the early days, it was food crops that were mostly cultivated. Gradually, raw materials needed for industrial development began to be cultivated.
- Agricultural sector and the industrial sector are interconnected.
- Production is the process of making goods and services needed for people.
- Production happens as a result of the action of several factors. The various elements that help the production are called factors of production. These are land, labour, capital, and organisation.
- We use goods and services to fulfill needs like food, shelter, clothing, health, education and entertainment.
INTRODUCTION
This chapter, “From agriculture to industry” helps us to understand about the interrelationship between different sectors of the economy. Goods and services are essential for improving people’s lives. They are produced using natural resources, human labour and technology. Factors such as production, surplus production, exchange systems, the impact of technology, and market growth influence economic progress. The inter-relationship among the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors makes the economy dynamic.
BEGINNING OF TRADE
- With the expansion of agriculture, production increased, which led to surplus production.
- People saved the surplus food items for future use. Eventually, they not only stored the food items but also handed it over to those in need.
- The practice of exchanging goods for other goods known as “Barter system.”
- Earlier this practice of exchange existed only locally. Later, it spread across regions.
- Gradually for the exchange of goods, coins made of copper, silver and gold were used as a medium of exchange. This led to the formation of new trade routes. The
- Handicrafts, textiles and spices were the main items of domestic trade. Later on, the exchange of goods also began with distant regions.
- Silk Route, which maintained the commercial relationship between the east and the west of Asia and between Asia, Europe and Africa, was an example of this.
ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
|
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY The activities that generate income are economic activities. These activities are made possible through the process of production. Economic activities in Primary sector, Secondary sector, Tertiary sector lead to the progress of the country. |
The leaves are plucked from the tea plants. They are taken to the factory and are processed into tea powder. This tea powder is packed in pouches and transported by vehicles to shops near our homes. Such economic activities can be classified into three sectors based on their common characteristics.
CLASSIFICATION OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
GROWTH OF INDUSTRIES
- In the early days, it was food crops that were mostly cultivated. Gradually, raw materials needed for industrial development began to be cultivated.
- This led to the expansion of agricultural crops such as cotton and jute. The industrial sector developed by using natural resources and raw materials obtained from agriculture.
- Agricultural sector and the industrial sector are interconnected.
The tertiary sector provides the services required for the primary and secondary sectors. Hence all these three sectors are interconnected. Production becomes possible as a result of economic activities that take place in all the three sectors.
PRODUCTION AND FACT0R5 OF PRODUCTION
- Production is the process of making goods and services needed for people.
- Production happens as a result of the action of several factors. The various elements that help the production are called factors of production.
- These are land, labour, capital, and organization.
LAND
- Water, air, sunlight, soil, mined minerals and so on are referred to as land in production process.
- The natural resources from the Earth’s surface, atmosphere, and interior are used for production.
LABOUR
- The use of man power of workers in the production process is called labour.
- Workers become part of the production process using their physical and intellectual capabilities.
- Those who get rewarded for their work are considered as labourers.
CAPITAL
- The production process of any product requires capital.
- Capital refers to the wealth and resources used to produce goods and services.
- Factories, buildings, machineries, raw materials, vehicles, computers, and wages for workers are all part of capital.
Forms of Capital: Capital takes many forms, such as financial capital (money, investment), human capital (skill, knowledge), physical capital (machinery, infrastructure), and natural capital (resources, environment).
ORGANISATION
- It is the co-ordination of factors of production such as land, labour and capital.
- Those who work for this are known as organisers / entrepreneurs.
- Forming a new business idea, raising the necessary capital, and implementing that idea are part of organisation.
- When the factors of production work together, production takes place and products are made. Factors of production such as land, labour, capital, and organisation require reward
| Factors of production | Reward |
| Land | Rent |
| Labour | Wages |
| Capital | Interest |
| Organisation | Profit |
FROM PRODUCER TO CONSUMER
- We use goods and services to fulfil needs like food, shelter, clothing, health, education and entertainment.
| Consumption is the act of buying and using goods and services to meet human needs. A consumer is a person who buys and uses any goods or services for a price or on an agreement to pay for it. |
- Rights consumer check while buying goods and services are following:
- Quality
- After-sale service
- Credibility
- Accuracy in measurement and weighing
- If the rights are denied to the consumer, one can approach the concerned government departments and consumer courts.
- Consumer Disputes Redressal Courts exist at district, state and national levels.
- Strict laws and consumer education are needed to prevent consumers from being exploited.
- The Consumer Protection Act came into force in India in 1986.