Kerala Plus Two History Board Model Paper 2021 with Answers

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus Two History Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf Board Model Paper 2021 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus Two History Board Model Paper 2021 with Answers

Answer the following questions from 1 to 42 upto a maximum score of 80.

Question 1.
Match column ‘A’ with appropriates from column ‘B’: (5 × 1 = 5)

A	B
Bahadur Shah	Lucknow
Nana Sahib	Barout
Kunwar Singh	Delhi
Birjis Qadr	Kanpur
Shah Mai	Arrah

Answer:

A	B
Bahadur Shah	Delhi
Nana Sahib	Kanpur
Kunwar Singh	Arrahe
Birjis Qadr	Lucknow
Shah Mai	Barout

Question 2.
Choose the correct answer from the given alternatives: (5 × 1 = 5)
i) Who founded the Mauryan empire?
a) Bimbisara
b) Ajatasatru
c) Chandragupta Maurya
d) Ashoka
Answer:
(i) Chandragupta Maurya

ii) Prayaga Prashasti was composed by:
a) Kautilya
b) Megasthenes
c) Harishena
d) Prabhavati Gupta
Answer:
(ii) Harishena

iii) The first gold coins in ancient India was issued by:
a) Kushanas
b) Mauryas
c) Vakatakas
d) Satavahanas
Answer:
(iii) Kushanas

iv) Which among the following was a provincial centre of the Mauryas?
a) Puhar
b) Mathura
c) Rajagaha
d) Suvamagiri
Answer:
(iv) Suvamagiri

v) Identify the chiefdom which rules Tamilakam.
a) Yaudheyas
b) Cholas
c) Guptas
d) Shakas
Answer:
(v) Cholas

Question 3.
Find the relation between the two parts of item (a) and fill in the blanks of item (b) accordingly. (5×1=5) ~
i) a) Mahavira : India
b) Socrates : _______
Answer:
Greece

ii) a) Buddha’s enlightenment : BodhaGaya
b) Buddha’s first Sermon : _______
Answer:

iii) a) Mahayana : Great vehicle
b) Hinayana : ________
Answer:
Samath

iv) a) Bhikkhus : Buddhism
b) Tirthankaras : ________
Answer:
Lesser vehicle

v) a) Zarathustra : Iran
b) KongZi : _________
Answer:
China

Question 4.
Arrange the following in chronological order: (5 × 1 = 5)
• GuruvayurSatyagraha
• Kundara proclamation
• Kurichiya revolt
• Temple entry proclamation
Answer:

1. Kundara Proclamation (1809)
2. Kurichiya Revolt (1812)
3. Malabar Rebellion (1921)
4. Guruvayur Satyagraha (1931-32)
5. Temple Entry Proclammation (1936)

Question 5.
Mark the following places on the outline map of ancient India provided: (5 × 1 = 5)
i) Lothal
ii) Chanhudaro
iii) Nageshwar
iv) Mohenjodaro
v) Banawali
Answer:

1. Lothal
2. Chanhudaro
3. Nageshwar
4. Mohenjodaro
5. Banawali

Questions from 6 to 19 carry 2 scores each.(14 × 2 = 28)

Question 6.
What were the strategies used by the Harappans to procure raw materials?
Answer:

• Establishing settlements in areas where raw materials are available.
• Expeditions to areas where raw materials are available.

Question 7.
Mention any two features of Harappan script.
Answer:

1. Short inscriptions
2. Signs
3. Signs in between 375 to 400
4. Signs in seals
5. Written from right to left
6. Contained the name and title of the owner.

Question 8.
Identify the features of Mahayana Buddhism.
Answer:

1. Importance in achieving nibbana
2. Buddha was regarded as a human being.
3. Idea of a saviour
4. Concept of the Bodhisatha
5. Image worship

Question 9.
Point out any two principles of Jainism.
Answer:

1. Entire world is animated
2. Ahimsa
3. Cycle of karma
4. Asceticism
5. Penance

Question 10.
Definethe terms Jama and Hasil.
Answer:

1. Jama – Amount assessed
2. Hasil – Amount collected

Question 11.
Write a note on Muqaddam.
Answer:

1. Panchayat headman
2. Chosen through the concensus of the village elders.
3. Supervised preparation of village accounts.

Question 12.
Name why two chronicles composed during the Mughal period.
Answer:
Akbar Nama, Shajahan Nama, Alamgir Nama, Badshah Nama, Babur Nama

Question 13.
Who were Jotedars?
Answer:

1. Rich peasants
2. Acquired thousands of acres of land
3. Controlled local trade as well as money lend-ing.

Question 14.
Why did the santhals fight against the British?
Answer:

1. Lost land
2. Heavy Tax
3. High rates of interest by money lenders.

Question 15.
Name any two images associated with the revolt of 1857.
Answer:
Relief of Lucknow, In Memorium, Justice, The Clemency of Canning.

Question 16.
Write any two early struggles involved by Mahatma Gandhi in India.
Answer:
Champaran Satyagraha, Kheda Satyagraha, Ahammadabad mill strike.

Question 17.
What are the features of Neythal Tinai?
Answer:

1. Coastal area
2. Fishing

Question 18.
Distinguish betwen Swarupam and Sanketam.
Answer:

• Swarupam-Autonomous region controlled by, the powerful matrilineal Joint families.
• Sanketam – Quasi autonomous territory consist¬ing several villages organized around a brahminical temple.

Question 19.
Prepare a short note on Ayyankali.
Answer:

1. Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangham
2. Stood for civic rights of the lower castes.
3. Opposed caste system.
4. Kallumala agitation

Questions from 20 to 25 carry 3 scores each. (6 × 3 = 18)

Question 20.
Briefly describe the factors that led to the rise of Magadha.
Answer:
Cultivation, Iron mines, used elephants in war, Ganga and its tributaries provided cheap communication, powerful rulers, locatipn of capitals (Rajagaha and Pataliputra).

Question 21.
How did the archaeologists identify the centres of craft production in Harappa?
Answer:

1. Raw materials
2. Unfinished objects
3. Waste

Question 22.
What is Buddha Sangha? Explain its feature.
Answer:
Organisation of Buddhist monks – Monks led simple life. Women and different sections of people were admitted. All were regarded as equal. Consensus was arrived at through discussions.

Question 23.
Distinguish between’Khanqahs and Silsilas.
Answer:

1. Khanqahs – It was the centre of the social life of Sufis. It was controlled by a teaching master known as Shaikh (Arabic), Pir or Murshid (Per-sian)
2. Silsilas- It literally means a chain. It signifies a continuous link between master and discipline. Through this channel spiritual power and blessings were transmitted to devotees.

Question 24.
Elucidate how. rumours and prophecies led to the revolt of 1857.
Answer:

1. Greased gun and cartridges.
2. British had mixed the bone dust of cows and pigs into the flour that sold in the market.
3. The British rule would come to an end on the centenary of the Battle of Plassey, on 23 June 1757.

Question 25.
Prepare a short note on the Pazhassi revoit
Answer:

1. Kerala Varma Paihassi Raja
2. First phase was from 1793 to 1797
3. Mistaken revenue policy of the British.
4. The right to collect the revenue of Malabar was given to Veera Varma of Kurumbanad.
5. The second phase began in 1800.
6. The Kurichiyar and Kurum bas helped Pazhassi.
7. Kolkars
8. Pazhassi was killed in 1805.

Questions from 26 to 33 carry 4 scores each. (8 × 4 = 32)

Question 26.
Elucidate the causes that led to the decline of Harappan civikzation.
Answer:
Climatic change, Deforestation, Excessive flood. shifting/drying up of rivers, over use of landscape.

Question 27.
Explain the structure of The Stupas.
Answer:
Anda, Harmika.Yashti, Chatri, Mound, Railing

Question 28.
How did lbn Battuta describe the Indian cities?
Answer:

1. The cities in Indian subcontinent had full of opportunities for those who had the necessary drive, resources and skills.
2. The cities were densely populated and prosper¬ous cities had crowded streets and bright and colourful markets.
3. Delhi was a vast city.
4. Daulatabad was no less, and easily rivalled Delhi in size.

Question 29.
Explain how Francos Bernier Illustrated the lardoviiershbp of the Mughal India.
Answer:

1. Lack of private property in India.
2. The emperor owned all the land in the Mughal empire and this had disastrous consequences for the economy and society.
3. Landholders could not pass on this land to their children.
4. So they were averse to any long term invest-ment in the sustenance and expansion of pro-duction.
5. It had led to the uniform ruination of agriculture, excessive oppression of the peasantry and a continuous decline in the lining standard of all sections of society.
6. There is not a middle state in India.

Question 30.
What are the features of the Vijayanagara fortifications?
Answer:

1. Seven lines of forts.
2. These encircled not only the city but also its agricultural hinterland and forests.
3. Massive masonry construction.
4. No mortar or cementing agent.
5. The stone blocks were wedge shaped.
6. These were cultivated fields, gardens and houses among fort I ines.

Question 31.
Examine the capital cities of the Mughals.
Answer:
The capital cities of the Mughals frequently shifted during the 16th and 17th centuries. Babur took over the Lodi capital of Agra. In 1570s Akbar built the new capital FatehpurSikri. In 1585 capital was transferred to Lahore. In 1648 capital was shifted to Shajahanabad.

Question 32.
Briefly exaín the Quit India movement,
Answer:

1. Quit India movement began in 1942.
2. Activists organised strikes and acts of Sabotage all over them country.
3. Socialist members of the Congress were active in the underground.
4. Independent governments were proclaimed in different places.
5. It was a mass movement bringi ng into its am bit hundreds of thousands of ordinary Indians.
6. A loose three-tier confederation.

Question 33.
Elucidate the recommendations of the Cabinet Mission.
Answer:

1. India was to remain united.
2. Central government should control foreign affairs, defence and communication.
3. Provincial assembles should be grouped into three sections.
4. Basavanna – Lingayats

Questions from 34 to 38 carry 5 icores each. (5 × 5 = 25)

Question 34.
Describe the Washaiva tradition in Karnataka.
Answer:

1. Worshipped Shivalinga
2. They do not practise cremation.
3. They challenged the idea of caste and pollution.
4. They questioned the idea of caste and the pol-lution.
5. Oppsed Dharmashastras.
6. Vachanas
7. Brahmanas – Studying vedas, sacrifices
8. Kshatriyas – war, administration

Question 35.
Explain the ideal occupation of the Vamas existed in ancient India.
Answer:

1. Vaishyas-Agriculture, Cattle rearing, Trade
2. Shudras – Serving higher varhas.
3. 60 temples
4. Palaces

Question 36.
Prepare a short note on the royal centre of the Vijayanagara.
Answer:

1. Audience Hall
2. Mahanavami dibba
3. Lotus Mahal
4. Hazara Rama Tempie

Question 37.
What are the elements to be considered by the histonanswtiile analysing the text like Mahabharata?
Answer:

1. Language and Content – Mahabharata was written in Sanskrit. Content is classified into narrative and didactic.
2. Author and dates:- The original story was com-posed by Sutas. These compositions circulated orally. It was written in between 200BCE and 200 CE. Later Manusmriti was added. It is comprised of 100000 verses.
3. The search for convergence.

Question 38.
Explain the features of the Vlrupakasha temple and the Vitffiala temple found in the Sacred centre of the
Vijayanagara.
Answer:
Virupaksha was the guardian deity of the Vijayanagar empire. It was built over centuries. The earliest shrine was dated to the ninth-tenth centuries. The hall in front of the main shrine was built by Krishnadevaraya. This was decorated with delicately carved pillars. Vitthala was a form of Vishnu. This temple too has several halls and a unique shrine designed as a chariot.

Questions from 39 to 42 carry 8 scores each. (4 × 8 = 32)

Question 39.
Describe the to planning of Moheníodare.
Hint:
. Lower Toi
. Drainage System
. Domestic architecture
. Great Bath
Answer:
Mohenjodaro is divided into citadel and lower town. Citadel was higher then the lower town. Both were walled. Several buildings were built on platforms. The settlement was first planned and then implemented accordingly. Other signs of planning include bricks, which, whether sun-dried or baked, were of a stan-dard ratio, where the length, breadth and height were the same.

One of the most distinctive features of Harappan cit-ies was the carefully planned drainage system. Roads and streets were laid out along an approximate grid pattern, intersecting at right angles. The lower town at Mohenjodaro provides examples of residential buildings. Many were centered on a courtyard, with rooms on all sides. What is also in-teresting is an apparent concern for privacy.

Every house had its own bathroom. Some houses have remains of stair cases to reach a second storey or the roof. Many houses had wells. Scholars have estimated that the total number of wells in Mohenjodaro was about 700. It is on the citadel that we find evidence of structures that were probably used for special public purposes. These include a warehouse and the Great Bath. The Great Bath was a large rectangular tank in a court- yard.surrounded by a corridor on all four sides.

There were rooms on three sides, in one of which was a large well. Water from the tank flowed into a huge drain. Across a lane to the north lay a smaller build¬ing with 8 bathrooms, four on each side of a corridor, with drains from each bathroom connecting to a drain that ran along the corridor. The uniqueness of the structure, as well as the context in which it was found has led scholars to suggest that it was meant for some kind of a special ritual bath. Mohenjodaro is the most well known Harappan site.

Question 40.
Prepare an essay on the Mauryan empire. Areas to be considered.
. Sources
. Administration
. Ashoka’s Dhamma
Answer:
Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Maurya empire. Historians have used a variety of sources. They are the fol lowi ng.

1. Archaeological finds (Sculpture)
2. Arthashastra composed by Kautilya.
3. Account of Megastenes
4. Buddhist, Jaina, Puranicand Sanskrit literature.
5. Inscriptions of Asoka.

These were five major political centres in the Mauryan empire – the capital Pataliputra and the provincial centres of Taxila, Ujjaini, Tosali and Suvarnagiri, all mentioned in Asokan inscriptions. The regions in-cluded within the empire were just too diverse.

It is likely that administrative control was strongest in areas around the capital and the provincial centres. These centres were carefully chosen, both Taxila and Ujjayini being situated on important longdistance trade routes, while Suvarnagiri was possibly important for tapping the gold mines of Karnataka. Communication along both land and riverine routes was vital for the existence of the empire.

Megasthenes mentions a committee with six sub¬committees for coordinating military activity. Of these, one looked after the navy, the second managed trans¬port and provisions, the third was responsible for foot soldiers, the fourth for horses, the fifth for chariots and the sixth for elephants. The activities of the sec¬ond sub committee were rather varied: arranging for bullock carts to carry equipments, procuring food for soldiers and fodder for animals, and recruiting ser¬vants and artisans to look after soldiers.

Asoka also tried to hold his empire together by propa-gating Dhamma. According to Asoka, Dhamma would ensure the well being of people in this world and the next. Special officers, known as Dhamma mahamatta, were appointed to spread the message of dhamma. It was the first ruler who inscribed his messages to his subjects and officials on stone surfaces. He used the inscriptions to proclaim what he understood to be Dhamma. This included respect towards elders, generosity towards Brahmanas, and those who renounced worldly life, treating slaves and servants kindly, and respect for religions and traditins other than one’s own.

Question 41.
Explain how Al-Blrunis Accounts helped to understand meceval Indian society.
Hints:
. Early life
. Kltab.d-1-llnd
. Caste System
Answer:
Al-Biruni was born in 973, in Khwarizm in present day Uzbekistan. Khwarizm was an important centre of learning. He was well versed in several languages. Syrian, Arabic, Persian, Hebrew and Sanskrit. In 1017, when Sultan Mahmud invaded Khwarizm, he took several scholars and poets back to his capital, Ghazni, Al-Biruni was one of them.

It was in Ghazni that Al-Biruni developed an interest in India. Sanskrit works on astronomy, mathematics and medicine had been translated into Arabic from the eighth century onwards. He spend years in the company of Brahmana priests and scholars, learn- I ing Sanskrit, and studying religious and philosophical texts. He travelled widely in the Punjab and parts of northern India.

Al-Biruni is Kitab-ul-Hind, written in Arabic, is simple and lucid. It is a voluminous text, divided into 80 chapters on subjects such as religion and philosophy, festivals, astronomy, alchemy, manners and cus¬toms, social life, weights and measures, iconography, laws and metrology.

Generally, Al-Biruni adopted a distinctive structure in each chapter, beginning with a question, following its up with a description based on Sanskritic traditions, and concluding with a comparison with other cultures. This almost geortietric structure, remark¬able, for its precision and predictability, owed much to his mathematical orientation.

Al-Biruni, who wrote in Arabic, probably intended his work for people living along the frontiers of the subcontinent. He was familiar with translations and adaptations of Sanskrit. Pali and Prakrit texts into Arabic. These ranged from fables to works on as-tronomy and medicine. However, he was also criti-cal about the ways in which these texts were writ-ten, and clearly wanted to improve on them.

He discussed several ‘barriers’ that he felt obstructed understanding. The first amongst these was language. The second barrier he identified was the difference in religious beliefs and practices. Al-Biruni tried to explain the caste system by look-ing for paralels in other societies. He noted that in ancient Persia, four social categories were recognised: those of knights and princes; monks, fire-priests and lawyers, physicians, astronomers and other scientists; and finally, peasants and artisans.

In other words, he attempted to suggest that social divisions were not unique to India. At the same time he pointed out that within Islam all men were consid-ered equal, differing only in their observance of piety. Al-Biruni disapproved of the notion of pollution. His description of the caste system was deeply influenced by his study of normative Sanskrit texts. However, in real life the system was not quite as rigid.

Question 42.
Expalin the role of Mahatma Gandhi in the nationalist movement of India.
Areas to be considered:
. Non-Cooperation Movenent
. Salt Satyagraha
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi made India’s national movement into a mass movement. The Non-cooperation move¬ment was the first mass movement organised by Gandhiji in India under Indian National Congress. He hoped that by coupling non-cooperation with Khilafat, India’s two major religious communities, Hindus and Muslims, could collectively bring an end to colonial rule.

As part of the Non-cooperation movement students stopped going to schools and colleges run by the government. The working class went on strike in many towns and cities. The countryside was seething with discontent too. Hill tribes in northen Andhra violated forest laws. Farmers in Awadh did not pay taxes. Peasant in Kumaun refused to carry loads for colonial officials. Peasants, workers, and others in-terpreted and acted upon the call to ‘non cooperate’ with colonial rule in ways that best suited their inter-ests, rather than conform to the dictates laid down from above.

It entailed denial, renunciation and self discipline. It was training for self rule. As a consequence of the- Non-cooperation movement the British Raj was shaken to its foundations for the first time since the Revolt of 1857. Then in February 1922, a group of peasants attacked and torched a police station in the hamlet of Chaurichaura in the United provinces. Several constables perished in the conflagration. This act of non violence prompted Gandhiji to call off the altogether. During the non cooperation movement thousands of Indians were put in jail.

Another mass movement organised by Gandhiji under the leadership pf the Congress was the Salt Satyagraha. Mahatma Gandhi announced that he would lead a march to break one of the most widely disliked laws in British India, which gave the state a monopoly in the manufacture and sale of salt. His picking on the salt monopoly was another illustration of Gandhiji’s tactical wisdom.

On 12 March 1930, Gandhiji began walking from his ashram at Sabarmati towards the ocean. He reached his destination three weeks later, making a fistful of salt as he did and thereby making himself criminal in the eyes of the law. Meanwhile, parallel salt marches were being conducted in other parts of the country.

This event brought Mahatma Gandhi to world atten-tion. It was the first nationalist activity in which women participated in large numbers. It was the salt march which forced upon the British the realisation that their Raj would not last for ever, and that they would have to devolve some power to the Indians. By the Gandhi- Irwin pact of 1931 Gandhiji called off the civil disobe¬dience movement and agreed to participate in the second round table conference. As a result all pris¬oners were released arid salt manufacture was al¬lowed along the coast.