Kerala Plus One Economics Question Paper September 2021 with Answers

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Kerala Plus One Economics Previous Year Question Paper September 2021

Time: 2½ Hours
Total Scores: 80

Answer any 10 questions from ‘a’ to ‘l’ carries 1 score each. (10 × 1 = 10)

Question 1.
(a) Which of the following banks is known as ‘World Bank’?
(i) International Monetary Fund
(ii) Asian Development Bank
(iii) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(iv) Reserve Bank of India
Answer:
(iii) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

(b) Data collected from a newspaper is an example of
(i) Primary data
(ii) Secondary data
(iii) Un-published data
(iv) Raw data
Answer:
(ii) Secondary data

(c) “Jail cost of living” as a measure of the poverty line was used by
(i) Dadabhai Navaroji
(ii) VKRV Rao
(iii) Findley Shiras
(iv) Amartya Sen
Answer:
(i) Dadabhai Navaroji

(d) Choose an example of a commercial energy source
(i) Fuel wood
(ii) Agricultural waste
(iii) Dried dung
(iv) Electricity
Answer:
(iv) Electricity

(e) Tally marks of a distribution represents
(i) Class limit
(ii) Class interval
(iii) Class mid value
(iv) Class frequency
Answer:
(iv) Class frequency

(f) The range of a series represents
(i) Highest number in the series
(ii) Lowest number in the series
(iii) Middle number in the series
(iv) Difference between highest number and lowest number in the series
Answer:
(iv) Difference between highest number and lowest number in the series

(g) Which of the following is an environmental issue?
(i) Unemployment
(ii) Inflation
(iii) Land degradation
(iv) Economic depression
Answer:
(iii) Land degradation

(h) Which of the following diagrams helps to locate the ‘median’?
(i) Histogram
(ii) Ogives
(iii) Frequency Polygon
(iv) Frequency curve
Answer:
(ii) Ogives

(i) Persons who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood are known as
(i) Self-employed
(ii) Casual wage laborers
(iii) Regular salaried employed
(iv) Government servants
Answer:
(i) Self-employed

(j) Which index number indicates the changes in the general price level?
(i) Index for Industrial Production
(ii) Consumer Price Index
(iii) Wholesale Price Index
(iv) Sensex
Answer:
(iii) Wholesale Price Index

(k) Which of the following is ‘NOT’ a Health indicator of a country?
(i) Infant mortality rate
(ii) Incidence of communicable and non-communicable diseases
(iii) Life expectancy
(iv) Employment level
Answer:
(iv) Employment level

(l) Population is statistics means
(i) Totality of items under study
(ii) A sample unit under study
(iii) First 10 units under study
(iv) Last 100 units understudy
Answer:
(i) Totality of items under study

Answer any 6 questions from 2 to 13 carries 2 scores each. (6 × 2 = 12)

Question 2.
List any two objectives of the World Trade Organisation.
Answer:

• To establish a rule-based trading regime.
• To enlarge production and trade of services.
• To ensure optimum utilization of world resources.
• To protect the environment.
• To provide equal opportunities to all member countries in the international market.
• To administer all multilateral trade agreements, etc. (Any 2 points)

Question 3.
What is meant by environment?
Answer:
Total planetary inheritance and totality of all resources. It includes all biotic and abiotic factors.
(Or any other valid points of the environment)

Question 4.
Classify the following items into spatial classification and chronological classification.
(i) Population of India
(ii) Rate of unemployment in 2018
(iii) Crude oil price
(iv) GDP of China
Answer:

Spatial Classification	Chronological Classification
Population of India	Rate of Unemployment in 2018
GDP of China	Crude Oil Price in 2020

Question 5.
Identify two discrete variables from the following:
(i) Height of a student
(ii) Number of students in a classroom
(iii) Number of fishes in a tank
(iv) Distance between two places
Answer:
(ii) Number of students in a classroom
(iii) Number of fishes in a tank

Question 6.
Draw scatter diagrams showing perfect positive correlation and negative correlation.
Answer:

• The right diagram shows a perfect positive correlation.
• The right diagram Shows a negative correlation.

Question 7.
Write any two properties of the correlation coefficient.
Answer:

• The value of r is a pure number and has no unit.
• A positive value of r indicates a direct relationship.
• A negative value of r indicates an inverse relationship.
• The value of r lies between -1 and +1, etc.

Question 8.
Construct the index number by Simple Aggregate Method as the base year of 2005 from the data given below.

Item	Prices in 2005	Prices in 2015
Wheat (kg)	20	30
Rice (kg)	30	40
Pulses (kg)	20	25
Clothing (mt)	60	80
Milk (ltr)	25	35

Answer:
Equation = \(\frac{210}{155}\) × 100 = 135.48

Question 9.
Write any two similarities in the development strategies of India, Pakistan, and China.
Answer:

• All three countries had started their development path at the same time.
• All three countries had started similarly planning their development strategies.
• All three countries had similar growth rates and PCI till the 1980’s, etc.

Question 10.
List any two factors that cause land degradation.
Answer:

• Deforestation
• Shifting Cultivation
• Forest Fires and Over-grazing
• Improper Crop Rotation, etc.

Question 11.
Categorze the following items into quantitative data qualitative data.
(i) Intelligence of a student
(ii) Marks of students in economics
(iii) Income of laborers
(iv) Health of laborers
Answer:

Quantitative Data	Qualitative Data
Marks of Students in Economics	Intelligence of a Student
Income of Labourers	Health of Labourers

Question 12.
List any two characteristics of ‘the poor’.
Answer:

• Landless or very small landholding
• Possess fewer assets
• Chronic indebtedness
• Unstable employment
• Starvation and hunger, etc.

Question 13.
List any two means for reducing environmental degradation.
Answer:

• Use of environment supportive fuel
• Recycling and ban on plastic
• Controlling pollution
• Over-exploitation of resources should be reduced, etc.

Answer any 5 questions from 14 to 23 carries 3 scores each. (5 × 3 = 15)

Question 14.
Explain the background that led to the implementation of the New Economic Policy in India in 1991.
Answer:

• Financial crisis/increase in fiscal, revenue, and current account deficit.
• Rise in prices of essential goods
• Foreign exchange crisis
• Refusal of loans by IMF and IBRD
• Decline in Exports
• Political instability, etc.

Question 15.
“Organic farming gets more importance in the present day world”. Give any three reasons.
Answer:

• Substitute costlier agricultural inputs with locally produced organic inputs.
• Generate income through exports
• Uses eco-friendly technology
• Provides healthy foods
• Restores and maintains ecological balance
• Pesticide-free products
• Organically produced goods have more nutritional value, etc.

Question 16.
One of the functions of the environment is that it provides aesthetics. What are its other functions?
Answer:

• Supplies Resources
• Sustains life by providing genetic and biodiversity
• Assimilate Wastes

Question 17.
Convert the following frequency distribution into exclusive class intervals.

Class	F
0 – 7	15
8 – 14	15
15 – 21	14
21 – 28	11
29 – 35	5

Answer:

Class	Frequency
0.5 – 7.5	15
7.5 – 14.5	15
14.5 – 21.5	14
21.5 – 28.5	11
28.5 – 35.5	5

Question 18.
Explain the Pilot survey and list any two merits of the pilot survey.
Answer:

• A pilot survey is a survey conducted on a small scale before launching an actual survey.
• (Or a Pilot survey helps in providing preliminary ideas about the survey. It is the pre-test of the questionnaire).
• Can assess the suitability of questions
• Can identify shortcomings and drawbacks of the questionnaire.
• Can assess the time needed for the actual survey
• Can assess the cost needed for the actual survey
• Can assess the performance of enumerators, etc.

Question 19.
Write similar economic terms for the following concepts.

1. One who buys goods and services to satisfy their wants.
2. One who produces goods and services
3. One who works for some other person and pays for it.

Answer:

1. Consumer
2. Producer
3. Employee/Worker/Labourer

Question 20.
Explain commercial and non-commercial energy sources with suitable examples.
Answer:

• Commercial energy is used for commercial purposes/Generally exhaustible.
• Noncommercial energy is used for noncommercial purposes/Generally renewable
• Commercial: Coal, Petroleum, Electricity, Lignite
• Noncommercial: Firewood, Dried dung, Agricultural waste

Question 21.
Complete the following table.

Steps towards Making a Project

1. __________________

2. Choice of target groups

3. __________________

4. __________________

5. __________________

6. __________________

7. __________________

Answer:
Steps towards making a Project:

1. Identifying a problem/area of study
2. Choice of target groups
3. Collection of data
4. Organization and presentation of data
5. Analysis and interpretation
6. Conclusion
7. Bibliography

Question 22.
Draw a simple bar diagram using the following data:

Year	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Production of Iron	90	140	160	200	250

Answer:
Plotting values and drawing diagram

Question 23.
List any 3 most crucial economic challenges faced by India during the colonial period.
Answer:

• Agricultural stagnation and backwardness.
• Slow rate of economic development.
• Destruction of indigenous industries, etc.

Answer any 3 questions from 24 to 31 carries 4 scores each. (3 × 4 = 12)

Question 24.
Write a short note on the causes of poverty in India.
Answer:

• Social, economic and political inequality
• Social exclusion
• Unemployment
• Indebtedness
• Low level of education and skill
• Discrimination
• Lack of social welfare nets
• Unequal distribution of wealth, etc.

Question 25.
Analyze the impact of the economic reform process initiated in 1991 in the realm of the agriculture sector and industrial sector.
Answer:

• Public investment in the agricultural sector has fallen during the period.
• A shift of production from the domestic market to the export market.
• Industrial growth declined.
• Cheaper imports replaced the demand for domestic goods.
• Reduction in import duties on agricultural products.
• Did not generate sufficient employment opportunities.
• Increase in FDI and Fll.
• The rapid increase in foreign exchange reserves, etc.

Question 26.
Calculate Quartile Deviation and Coefficient of Quartile Deviation for the following data.

Wages	Number of Workers
20	5
25	7
30	6
35	10
40	5
45	4
50	4

Answer:

Wages	F	CF
20	5	5
25	7	12
30	6	18
35	10	28
40	5	33
45	4	37
50	4	41

Q1= N + 1/4th item = 10.5th item = 25
Q3 = 3(N + 1/4)th item = 31.5th item = 40
QD = Q3 – Q1/2 = 40 – \(\frac{25}{2}\) = 7.5
Coefficient of QD = Q3 – Q1/Q3 + Q1 = \(\frac{15}{65}\) = 0.23

Question 27.
Briefly explain the importance of statistics in economics.
Answer:

• It enables to presentation of economic facts in precise and definite form.
• Condensing the mass of data into a few numerical measures.
• Used to find out relationships.
• Used to predict changes in economic factors.
• Formulation of plans.
• Helps in the field of production, consumption, distribution, etc. Helps to understand social issues, etc.

Question 28.
Match the items in Column ‘A’ suitably with items in Column ‘B’.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(i) Histogram	Time series graphs
(ii) Ogives	A circle divided into parts
(iii) Pie diagram	Mode can be located
(iv) Arithmetic Line graphs	Cumulative frequency curves

Answer:

A	B
(i) Histogram	Mode can be located
(ii) Ogives	Cumulative frequency curves
(iii) Pie diagram	A circle divided into parts
(iv) Arithmetic Line graphs	Time series graphs

Question 29.
Explain the qualities of a good questionnaire.
Answer:

• The question should not be too long.
• The question should be easy to understand.
• Questions should move from general to specific.
• Questions should be precise and clear.
• The number of Questions should be minimal.
• The type of Question should be two-way, multiple-choice, or open-ended.
• The question should not use double negatives
• Questions should not be ambiguous, etc.

Question 30.
Two major policy reforms were complimented in independent India for promoting equity in the agricultural sector during 1950’s. Explain them.
Answer:

• Land Reform
• Land Ceiling

Question 31.
Explain the role of health infrastructure in Kerala in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic.
Answer:
Availability of hospitals, dispensaries, sub-centers, doctors, nurses, paramedical staff, beds, CFLTC, COVID Vaccination/any relevant points of government initiation for covid control.

Answer any 3 questions from 32 to 37 carries 5 scores each. (3 × 5 = 15)

Question 32.
Explain the liberalization policy measure taken by the government in 1991 in the areas of the industrial sector and financial sector.
Answer:

• Industrial licensing was abolished.
• Reservation of small-scale industries removed
• Regulating mechanisms were removed.
• Reduced the role of RBI.
• Establishment of private sector banks.
• Control on price fixation of selected industrial products removed.
• De-reservation of public sector except for defense equipment, etc.
• Banks were permitted to generate resources from India and abroad, etc.

Question 33.
Analyze the challenges faced by the power sector in India.
Answer:

• In sufficient installed capacity and underutilization.
• Huge losses of State Electricity Boards (Transmission and Distribution Loss).
• Very limited role of private sector power generation.
• Public unrest due to high power tariffs, power cuts, etc.
• Shortage of raw materials and coal supplies in thermal power plants.

Question 34.

1. Explain sampling errors.
2. List 3 different the from the following data.

Answer:

1. The difference between actual value and estimated value Sampling bias, Non-response errors.
2. Errors in Data Acquisition, Recording Errors, Arithmetical Errors, Errors due to mishandling questionnaires, etc.

Question 35.
Draw a pie diagram from the following data.

Item	Expenditure
Food	400
Clothing	60
Shelter	300
Education	600
Health	250
Miscellaneous	200

Answer:
Calculation of Angles
Correct drawing of a Pie diagram

Percentage	Angle/Degrees
22.09	79.52
3.31	11.92
16.57	59.65
33.15	119.34
13.81	49.72
11.04	39.74

Question 36.
Explain the factors that contribute to human capital.
Answer:

• Education
• Health
• On-the-job training Migration Information
• Listing the points
• Brief explanation of each

Question 37.
A survey was conducted to study the average consumption of milk by people in an area. 50 families were surveyed. Per month consumption of milk by them is given below.

Construct a frequency distribution with exclusive classes taking class intervals as 10.
Answer:

• Preparation of correct exclusive class
• Tally mark
• Frequency

Answer any 2 questions from 38 to 41 carries 8 scores each. (2 × 8 = 16)

Question 38.
Analyze different poverty alleviation programs implemented by the Government of India.
(Hint: 3 Dimentional Approach)
Answer:

• Growth-oriented approach/Trickledown theory.
• Self-employment and wage employment programs.
• Providing minimum basic amenities.
• Any 5 programs under three approaches with an explanation.

Question 39.
(a) What is meant by Sustainable Development?
(b) What are the major strategies for sustainable development?
Answer:
Development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs/or any other relevant meaning of sustainable development.

Question 40.
Consider the data given below:
(a) Draw less than ogive and more than ogive.
(b) Locate Median Graphically.

Age Group	Number of Persons
0 – 10	60
10 – 20	80
20 – 30	12
30 – 40	28
40 – 50	20

Answer:

Age	Less than CF
Less than 10	60
Less than 20	140
Less than 30	152
Less than 40	180
Less than 50	200

More than the CF table

Age	More than CF
More than 0	200
More than 10	140
More than 20	60
More than 30	48
More than 40	20

Drawing less than and more than locate the median

Question 41.
Calculate the Arithmetic Mean and Median from the following data:

Wages	Number of Workers
10 – 20	15
20 – 30	10
30 – 40	5
40 – 50	2
50 – 60	8
60 – 70	10

Answer:

Wages	F	M	FM	CF
10 – 20	15	15	225	15
20 – 30	10	25	250	25
30 – 40	5	35	175	30
40 – 50	2	45	90	32
50 – 60	8	55	440	40
60 – 70	10	65	650	50
	50		1830

Arithmetic Mean Equation
Process of Calculation
Correct Answer = 36.6
Median is the n/2 the item = 25
Median Class is 20 – 30
Equation of Median L + \(\frac{n}{2}\) – \(\frac{Cf}{f}\) × h
Process of Calculation
Correct Answer = 30