By reviewing Kerala Syllabus SCERT Class 6 Social Science Solutions Chapter 3 State and Government Important Questions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.
State and Government Extra Questions and Answers Class 6 Social Science Chapter 3 Kerala Syllabus
State and Government Class 6 Important Questions
Question 1.
It is the state that enables an environment for the people to live with liberty, dignity and without fear.
a) Define state.
b) What are the four components of the state?
Answer:
a) State is the highest socio-political institution formed by the people. A group of people living permanently within a definite territory with a sovereign government is a State.
b) Population, territory, government, and sovereignty.
Question 2.
Define Political science and explain the contributions of ancient Greek thinkers to the study of the state and Political Science.
Answer:
- Political Science is the scientific study of the state. It was in ancient Greece where the study of the state started first.
- The City-States were the basis for the study of the state.
- Greek thinkers like Socrates, Plato and Aristotle initiated the thoughts related to state.
- It was Aristotle, the Father of Political Science who used the term ‘politics’ for the first time. ‘Politics’ is a well-known work authored by him.
Question 3.
Who first used the term ‘state’ in its modern sense, and from which word is the English term ‘state’ derived?
Answer:
The Italian philosopher Niccolo Machiavelli, who used the term ‘state’ in its modern sense, for the first time. The English word ‘state’ came into existence from the term ‘status’, which was popular among Teutons, the ancient tribes in Germany.
Question 4.
Explain the various theories that led to the formation of the state.
Answer:
- Force Theory: The strong conquered the weak by force and established the state.
- Theory of Social Contract: Agreements/contracts made by people led to the formation of the state.
- Theory of Social Evolution: The state was not built by anyone. It was formed as a result of long term evolution.
Question 5.
The nature of modern state is entirely different from that Of the earlier states.
a) Examine the changes in the nature of states.
Answer:
FROM TRIBAL STATE TO NATION STATE
The nature of modern state is entirely different from that of the earlier states. The changes in the nature of states are:
Feudalism
- Feudalism is a social administrative system in which the lords exploited the workers in their agricultural fields like slaves.
- The term ‘feudalism’ originated from the German word ‘feud’, which means ‘a piece of land’.
- Feudalism existed in Europe during the Middle Ages.
Renaissance
- Renaissance is the new awakening in the artistic and intellectual fields during the 14th and 15th centuries
in Italy and other European countries. - The main feature of this age is that humans were given more importance than religious doctrines.
- Petrarch, Dante, Da Vinci and so on influenced the Renaissance in various fields.
Question 6.
Define Feudalism and explain its origin.
Answer:
Feudalism is a social administrative system in which the lords exploited the workers in their agricultural fields like slaves. The term ‘feudalism’ originated from the German word ‘feud’, which means ‘a piece of land’.
Question 7.
What was the Renaissance, and what were its main features?
Answer:
Renaissance is the new awakening in the artistic and intellectual fields during the 14th and 15th centuries in Italy and other European countries. The main feature of this age is that humans were given more importance than religious doctrines. Petrarch, Dante, Da Vinci and so on influenced the Renaissance in various fields.
Question 8.
The various laws, policies and programmes of the state are executed through the organs of government. What are they?
Answer:
FORMATION OF STATE: VARIOUS THEORIES
Various theories that led to the formation of the state.
Question 9.
Population and Territory are among the factors that form a state. Explain.
Answer:
Population: Without people, a state cannot exist. But the number of people required to form a state, has not been fixed. The population of a state can include people belonging to different religion, class and colour. People become a part of a state when they stay together with mutual dependence, common interests and collective consciousness.
Territory: For the existence of a state, a permanent and well-defined territory is essential. But the area of territory for the formation of a state has not been specified. The land area, the water bodies, the air space and the coastal areas of a country come under the jurisdiction of that territory. Modem states are generally larger in territorial size.
Question 10.
What terms did the Greeks and Romans use to refer to the state?
Answer:
The Greeks referred to city-states as ‘polis’ whereas the Romans used the term ‘civitas’.
Question 11.
Explain the given components of the state.
a) Government
b) Sovereignty
Answer:
a) Government: The government plays a significant role in ensuring the welfare of the people in a state.
It is the government which helps to keep the relationship between the state and the people active. A particular territory need not become a state just because it is inhabited by people. A system called ‘government’ is essential to coordinate the resources and the people there. The state is a permanent institution whereas the government keeps changing. Government is an agency to form the policies of the state, express and execute them. The government handles law and order, rule of law, defence, foreign relations, roads, bridges, drinking water, electricity, education and the like.
b) Sovereignty: The supreme power of the state to take decisions without being subjected to external interventions or pressure in any form is termed sovereignty. This is a unique characteristic of the state. The state makes laws and takes political decisions as part of its sovereign power. The state executes and protects its sovereign power through the government. Even if there are people, territory and the government, state cannot exist without sovereignty.
Question 12.
Answer the following.
a) Which type of state is based on population, territory, government, and sovereignty?
b) Which city-states are considered most similar to modern states?
c) Which type of states emerged after the fall of the Roman Empire?
d) Which empire’s law and infrastructure are similar to those of modern states?
e) Which early administrative systems developed in river valley civilizations like Mesopotamia and Egypt?
Answer:
a) Nation states
b) Greek city-states
c) Feudal States
d) The Roman Empire
e) Oriental Administrative Systems
Question 13.
Who is the father of Political Science?
Answer:
Aristotle