By reviewing Class 8 Social Science Notes Kerala Syllabus Chapter 5 Constitution of India: Rights and Duties Important Questions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.
Constitution of India: Rights and Duties Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 Social Science Chapter 5 Kerala Syllabus
Constitution of India: Rights and Duties Class 8 Important Questions
Question 1.
In which year did the Constituent Assembly come into existence?
Answer:
1946
Question 2.
Who is the chairman of the Constituent Assembly?
Answer:
Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Question 3.
Who is the father of Indian Constitution?
Answer:
Dr. B.R Ambedkar
Question 4.
Which day is celebrated as Constitution Day?
Answer:
November 26
Question 5.
In which part of the Indian Constitution are Fundamental Rights included?
Answer:
Part 111
Question 6.
Which is the official document declaring that the king and his government are not above the law?
Answer:
Magna Carta
Question 7.
When did education become a fundamental right?
Answer:
2002
Question 8.
Which constitutional amendment made education a fundamental right?
Answer:
86th constitutional Amendment
Question 9.
In which year did the Right to Education Act come into force?
Answer:
2009
Question 10.
The Right to Education Act has come into force on ………………………
Answer:
April 10
Question 11.
…………………. was written in the world’s first written constitution.
Answer:
Bill of right
Question 12.
Which of the following is prohibited under Article 23 of the Indian Constitution?
a) Right to freedom of religion
b) Forced labour and human trafficking
c) Right to education
d) Equal pay for equal work
Answer:
b) Forced labour and human trafficking
Question 13.
Which Article of the Indian Constitution allows individuals to approach the Supreme Court for the enforcement of fundamental rights?
a) Article 14
b) Article 19
c) Article 32
d) Article 21
Answer:
c) Article 32
Question 14.
What are rights?
Answer:
Rights are legal, social, or moral rules that protect individual freedom and ensure fair treatment. They are the claims or freedoms that every person is entitled to simply because they are human beings.
Question 15.
What are fundamental rights?
Answer:
Fundamental Rights are the basic rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India to all citizens. These rights are essential for the freedom, dignity, and development of every individual.
Question 16.
What is the special feature of the Right to Education Act?
Answer:
Education was declared a fundamental right under Article 21A by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act in 2002. In 2009, Parliament passed the Right to Education Act. The Act came into effect in April 2010. This Act ensures free, compulsory and quality education for all children between the age group of six and fourteen.
Question 17.
What are minorities?
Answer:
Minorities are groups of people who are fewer in number compared to the majority of the population and may have different religion, language, or culture.
Question 18.
Define wrtis.
Answer:
Writs are special orders issued by the Supreme Court or High Courts to protect the Fundamental Rights of citizens.
Question 19.
What is meant by “Bill of Rights”?
Answer:
The Government take necessary steps for the protection of rights. For this, every country incorporates a list of rights in their constitution. This list is known as the Bill of Rights.
Question 20.
Write a note on Magna Carta.
Answer:
The Magna Carta is the earliest written document of rights in Britain. The term ‘Magna Carta’ means ‘big document.’ It is an official document declaring that the king and his government are not above the law, In 1215, the people forced King John, the then ruler of England, to sign this document. It later became the basis for the British Parliament’s powers and legal principles. England’s Petition of Rights and Bill of Rights were shaped by the influence of Magna Carta.
Question 21.
Define right to equality as a Fundamental Right?
Answer:
The right to equality is the right to ensure equality in our country. According to this right, there is no discrimination on the basis of religion, class, caste, sex or place of birth. It also guarantees equal access to hotels, shops, wells, ponds, bathing ghats and public roads. This right ensures equality of opportunity in public jobs, prohibits untouchability and abolishes titles.
Question 22.
Define the different concepts in the directive principles of national policy.
Answer:
- Liberal ideas
- Socialist ideas
- Gandhian ideas
Question 23.
Match the following.
| Writ | Purpose |
| Habeas Corpus | Order to do a public duty |
| Mandamus | Challenge illegal occupation of a post |
| Quo Warranto | Release from illegal detention |
Answer:
| Writ | Purpose |
| Habeas Corpus | Release from illegal detention |
| Mandamus | Order to do a public duty |
| Quo Warranto | Challenge illegal occupation of a post |
Question 24.
List the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution in chronological order.
Answer:
Question 25.
Write the following in chronological order.
a. United nations bill of rights
b. Magna carta
c. US universal declaration of human rights
d. Declaration of human rights after the French Revolution
Answer:
a. Magna Carta – 1215
b. United States Bill of Rights – 1789
c. Declaration of human rights after the French Revolution – 1789
d. United nations universal declaration of Human Rights – 1948
Question 26.
What were the factors that influenced the inclusion of fundamental rights in the Indian Constitution?
Answer:
- Denial of rights experienced during colonial rule.
- Existing conditions in the world.
- Values from the war of Independence.
- Ideas from the Indian Renaissance Movement
Question 27.
Define Right to freedom.
Answer:
The rights and freedom mentioned in Article 19 are as follow:
Question 28.
Write about the Directive Principle of State Policy in Indian Constitution.
Answer:
Socio-economic justice has equal importance along with rights and freedoms. Ideas for achieving these are included in the directive principles of state policy. It aims to establish a welfare state by ensuring the welfare and progress of all sections of the people. Unlike fundamental rights, these are not enforceable with the support of the courts. At the same time, governments need to give due consideration to these directive principles while formulating policies and programmes. Articles 36 to 51 of Part IV of the Constitution contain directive principles. These are the recommendations that governments should follow in administration and legislation. The directive principles contain broad concepts that touch on all economic, social, educational, and international issues of the nation. The directive principles of state policy can be classified into three categories, namely, liberal ideas, socialist ideas and Gandhian ideas.
Question 29.
Differentiate between Fundamental rights and Directive principles.
Answer:
| FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS | DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES |
| It can be reinstated through the courts. | Cannot go to court for enforcement. |
| Mainly ensures individual freedom. | Aims at the welfare of all sections of society. |
| Legally enforceable by law. | Not legally enforceable. |
| Found in Part III of the Constitution. | Found in Part IV of the Constitution. |
| Helps in achieving political democracy. | Helps in achieving social and economic democracy. |
| Amendment is difficult. | Amendment is easier through legislation. |
| Limits government powers. | Guides government in making policies. |
Question 30.
Write a note on various types of writs.
Answer:
Habeas Corpus: A court order that requires the custodian of an unlawfully detained person to bring the person before the court.
Mandamus: An order issued when a court finds that an officer’s failure to perform his statutory duty has prejudiced the rights of another person.
Prohibition: An order of the Supreme Court or High Court-prohibiting lower courts from hearing a case outside their jurisdiction.
Quo Warranto: An order issued by a court restraining an officer from holding a position for which he is not entitled.
Certiorari: An order to transfer a case pending in a lower court to a higher court.
Question 31.
Point out the Liberal, Socialist and Gandhian ideas of Directive Principles of State policy.
Answer:
DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY (DPSP)
- DPSP: Aim to ensure socio-economic justice and create a welfare state.
- Found in Articles 36 to 51, Part IV of the Constitution.
- Not enforceable by courts, but guides the government in making laws and policies.
- Covers economic, social, educational, and international matters.
- Divided into three types:
- Liberal ideas
- Socialist ideas
- Gandhian ideas
| LIBERAL IDEAS | SOCIALIST IDEAS | GANDHIAN IDEAS |
| Promote international peace and security. | Wage for livelihood for workers. | Organise Gram Panchayats. |
| Uniform Civil Code for citizens. | Equal pay for equal work for men and women. | Fostering cottage industries. |
| Equal justice and free legal aid. | Participation of workers in the management of industries. | Agriculture and animal husbandry. |
| Provision of care and education for children under six years of age. | Right to employment. | Prohibition of consumption of intoxicating drinks and drugs injurious to health. |
| Environment, livestock and wildlife conservation. | Ensure regular and humane working conditions and maternity benefits. | Uplift of Scheduled 2 Castes and Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections. |
Question 32.
Write a note on Fundamental Duties.
Answer:
FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
- Sardhar Vallabhbhai patel (first deputy prime minister and home minister of India) suggested that Indian citizen should have regular responsibility along with rights.
- Rights and duties are two sides of the same coin. Our Constitution enshrines certain duties that citizens have to fulfill.
- The Sardar Swaran Singh Committee was appointed by the Central Government in 1976 to submit recommendations on the fundamental duties of citizens.
- Taking into consideration the recommendations of the Committee, a new Part (IVA) containing the Fundamental Duties was included in the Constitution as part of the 42nd Constitutional Amendment in 1976. Accordingly, the Fundamental Duties became part of the Constitution as Article 51A.
- When citizens enjoy their fundamental rights, they should also be aware of their fundamental duties.
| “Every Indian must remember that he is an Indian and he has every; right in his country but with certain duties ” – Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel |
Question 33.
Describe Cultural and educational rights.
Answer:
India is a country rich in diversity. Religious, linguistic and cultural minorities characterise this diversity. Minorities are groups of people who follow a common language, religion or culture and are fewer in number than other groups in a particular part of the country or the whole country. Cultural and educational rights are the means for minorities to preserve and develop their culture, language and script. Accordingly, all religious, linguistic and cultural minorities have the right to establish and run their own educational institutions. Through that they can protect and nurture their own culture.
Question 34.
Right to constitutional remedies is a fundamental right. Elucidate.
Answer:
The right to constitutional remedies is one of the greatest protections given to the safety and security of the individual. If any of the above fundamental rights is violated, the Supreme Court under Article 32 and the High Courts under Article 226 can be approached for their restoration. The Supreme Court and High Courts restore fundamental rights through writs. Writs are orders and directions issued by the Supreme Court or the High Courts for the protection of fundamental rights. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar describes this right as the heart and soul of the Indian Constitution.