Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 2 Important Questions with Answers Kerala Syllabus

Students rely on Class 10 Chemistry Notes Kerala Syllabus Chapter 2 Important Questions with Answers Chemical Reactions of Organic Compounds to help self-study at home.

SSLC Chemistry Chapter 2 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus

Chemical Reactions of Organic Compounds Class 10 Important Questions

Question 1.
Write an equation that represents the various stages of the chemical reaction of methane with chlorine in the presence of sunlight.
Answer:
CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl
CH₃Cl + Cl₂ → CH₂Cl₂ + HCl
CH₂Cl₂ + Cl₂ → CHCl₃ + HCl
CHCl₃ + Cl₂ → CCl₄ + HCl
In this process, each hydrogen atom is replaced step by step by a chlorine atom.

Question 2.
What is special about the carbon-carbon bond in ethene?
Answer:
Double bond

Question 3.
Which of the following molecules are capable of forming polymers?
Butane, propane, propene, methane, butene
Answer:
Propene, butene

Question 4.
Which one of the following organic compounds undergoes addition reaction? (MODEL 2023)
(CH₃ – CH₃, CH₄, CH3Cl, CH₂ = CH₂)
Answer:
CH₂ = CH₂

Question 5.
Which of the following molecules can undergo an addition reaction? (MODEL 2019)
(methane, ethane, propene, butane)
Answer:
Propene

Question 6.
What is a substitution reaction?
Answer:
A substitution reaction is a chemical reaction in which another atom or a group replaces an atom or a group in a compound.

Question 7.
To which category the compound CH₃ -COO – CH₃ belongs to?
a) Carboxylic acid
b) Ethene
c) alcohol
d) Ester
Answer:
Ester

Question 8.
What is Polymerisation?
Answer:
Polymerisation is the process by which many simple molecules join together under favourable conditions to form complex molecules. The molecules formed in this way are called polymers.
For example:

Question 9.
Write the IUPAC name of these two compounds.
CH₃ – OH
CH₃ – CH₂ – OH
Answer:
Methanol, ethanol

Question 10.
Write the structural formula of the molecules ethane and ethene.
Answer:
CH₃ – CH₃, CH₂ = CH₂

Question 11.

a) Which hydrocarbon is the reactant here?
b) Is the product compound saturated or unsaturated?
Answer:
a) Propene
b) Saturated

Question 12.
What is combustion?
Answer:
When hydrocarbons burn, they combine with oxygen in air to form CO2 and H2O along with heat and light. This process is called combustion.

Question 13.
Given below are two chemical equations.
(a) CH₂ = CH₂ + H₂ → A
(b)
Identify the compounds A and B?
Answer:

Question 14.
Match the columns A, B and C suitably. (MARCH 2020)

A Reactants	B Products	C Name of Reaction
CH4 + Cl2	CO2 + 2H2O	Addition
CH4 + 2O2	CH2=CH2	Thermal Cracking
CH3-CH2-CH3	CH3Cl + HCl	Combustion
CH≡CH + H2	CH2=CH2+CH4	Substitution

Answer:

A Reactants	B Products	C Name of Reaction
CH4 + Cl2	CH3Cl + HCl	Substitution reactions
CH4 + 2O2	CO2 + 2H2O	Combustion
CH3-CH2-CH3	CH2=CH2+CH4	Thermal Cracking
CH≡CH + H2	CH2=CH2	Addition

Question 15.
Ethanol is an alcohol which is extensively used for industrial purposes. (MARCH 2023)
(a) What is rectified spirit?
(b) How does rectified spirit differ from absolute alcohol?
Answer:
a) Rectified spirit is 95.6% pure ethanol. It is obtained by the fractional distillation of wash.
b) Absolute alcohol is 99.5% pure ethanol. It is obtained by the fractional distillation of rectified spirit.

Question 16.
a) Draw the structure of the polymer PVC, which is used to make pipes etc.
b) Which monomer is required to make PVC?
c) Write the chemical equation for this reaction.
Answer:

Question 17.
a) How is methanol produced industrially?
b) Write the chemical equation that represents this production.
c) Write two uses of methanol?
Answer:
a) Methanol is produced industrially by combining carbon monoxide with hydrogen in the presence of catalysts.
b)
c) It is used as a solvent in paint manufacturing, to make varnish and formalin.

Question 18.
Complete the table using the names of reactions given in the box. (MARCH 2023)
Polymerisation
Combustion
Addition reaction
Substitution reaction
Thermal cracking

Chemical equation	Name of reaction
CH3 – CH = CH2 + H2 → CH3 – CH2 – CH3	(a)
CH3 – CH3 + Cl2 → CH3 – CH2 – Cl + HCl	(b)
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O	(c)

Answer:
a) Addition reaction
b) Substitution reaction
c) Combustion

Question 19.
(X) CH₄ + 2O₂ → ________ + 2H₂O + Heat
(Y)
a) Complete the chemical equation X.
b) Name the reaction Y.
c) Write any one use of Teflon? (MARCH 2022)
Answer:
a) CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O + Heat
b) Polymerisation
c) Used to coat the inner surface of nonstick cookware.

Question 20.
The following is the structural formula of a compound belonging to the group of aromatic compounds of flowers and fruits.
CH₃ – CH₂ – COO – CH₂ – CH₃
a) What is the functional group in it?
b) What are the reactions required for the preparation of this substance?
c) Write its IUPAC name.
d) Write the chemical equation indicating the function.
Answer:
a) -COO – (Ester)
b) CH₃ – CH₂ – COOH – Propanoic acid
CH₃ – CH₂ – OH – Ethanol
c) Ethyl ethanoate
d)

Question 21.
Some chemical reactions are given below.
i) CH₂Cl₂ + Cl₂ → P + HCl
ii) CH ≡ CH + Cl₂ → O
iii) CH₄ + 2CO₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
iv) C₆H₁₄ → C₂H₆ + C₄H₈
Answer the questions given below.
a) Name the product P.
b) Name the chemical reaction
c) Identify thermal cracking in the reactions.
d) Which of the compounds in question is the main component of natural gas?
Answer:
a) P – Chloroform (Tetrachloromethane, CHCl₃)
b) Addition reactions
c) iv) C₆H₁₄ → C₂H₆ + C₄H₈
d) Methane (CH₄)

Question 22.
You know that many simple molecules combine under favourable conditions to form complex molecules.
a) What is the name of such a chemical reaction?
b) What are the favourable conditions mentioned here.
c) Write an example of such a reaction
Answer:
a) Polymerisation process

b) i) High pressure
ii) High temperature
iii) Presence of catalyst

c) Many ethene molecules combine together at high pressure and temperature in the presence of a catalyst to form a large molecule called polyethene.

Question 23.
Choose the correct answer from the box.
Ethanoic acid, Sodium hydroxide, Methanol, Glycerol, 95.6% Ethanol
(a) Which alcohol is known as wood spirit?
(b) Which substance is known as rectified spirit?
(c) Name the acid present in vinegar?
(d) Which is the by-product in the manufacture of soap? (MODEL 2022)
Answer:
(a) Methanol
(b) 95.6% ethanol
(c) – Ethanoic acid
(d) Glycerol

Question 24.
a) How is ethanol manufactured?
b) Complete the equation.
CH₃ – CH₂ – OH + CH₃COOH → … … … + H₂O
c) To which category of organic compounds does the product of the above reaction belong? (MODEL 2019)
Answer:
a) Ethanol is manufactured by the fermentation of molasses (sugar solution)
b) CH₃ – COO – CH₂ – CH₃
c) Ester

Question 25.
Certain hydrocarbons with high molecular mass on heating in the absence of air get decomposed into hydrocarbons with low molecular mass.
a) What is the name of this process?
b) Which are the factors influencing the formation of the products of this process?
c) Which are the products obtained if the following compounds undergoing this process? C₃H₈
C₈H₁₈
Answer:
a) Thermal cracking

b) (i) Nature of the hydrocarbon undergoing cracking.
(ii) Temperature
(iii) Pressure
(iv) Presence of catalyst

c) C₃H₈ → CH₄ + C₂H₄
C₈H₁₈ → C₅H₁₂ + C₃H₆

Question 26.
The structure of a monomer used for making a polymer familiar to you is given below. CF₂ = CF₂
a) Write the IUPAC name of the given compound.
b) Which is the polymer made from this?
c) What is the use of this polymer?
d) Write the chemical equations indicating this reaction.
Answer:
a) Tetrafluoroethene
b) Polytetrafluoroethene (Teflon)
c) Teflon is used for making the inner layers of non-stick cooking vessels.
d)

Question 27.
You know that a large number of simple molecules under favourable conditions combine together to form complex molecules.
a) What is the name given to this type of reaction?
b) Which are the favourable conditions stated here?
c) Write an example of this type of reaction.
Answer:
a) Polymerisation reaction

b) (i) high pressure
(ii) high temperature
(iii) presence of catalyst.

c) Large number of ethene molecules combines together at high pressure and temperature and in the presence of catalyst to form a large molecule polythene.

Question 28.
a) What is an addition reaction?
b) Write the chemical equation indicating the addition reaction of ethyne with hydrogen.
Answer:
a) Reactions in which organic compounds having double bond or triple bond are converted into saturated compounds due to the reaction with certain molecules are called addition reactions.

Question 29.
a) How is methanol prepared industrially?
b) Write the chemical equations representing this reaction.
c) Write two uses of methanol.
Answer:
a) Methanol is prepared industrially by combining carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst
b)
c) Methanol is used as a solvent in the manufacture of paint, for making varnish, formalin.

Question 30.
What is denatured spirit?
Answer:
To prevent the illicit use of ethanol as a beverage, poisonous substances are mixed with ethanol supplied for industrial use. This product is called ‘denatured spirit’ (poisonous substances are added to ethanol, methanol, naphtha, pyridine, and rubber distillate).

Question 31.
When Alcohol and organic acids react together to get salt and water.
a) What is the name of this type of salts?
b) Write the peculiarity of this salt?
c) Write one use of this?
Answer:
a) Ester
b) Esters have the smell of flowers and fruits.
c) Esters are used for making artificial fruit juices and perfumes.

Question 32.
What class of drugs is known for its ability to alleviate pain? Can you name an example?
Answer:
Analgesics are used to relieve pain. An example is Aspirin.

Question 33.
Differentiate between the functions of antiseptics and antibiotics, providing one example for each from the given information.
Answer:
Antiseptics, such as Dettol, are used to control the growth of microorganisms, typically on external
surfaces or living tissue to prevent infection. In contrast, antibiotics, like Penicillin, are medications that work to destroy infectious microorganisms and prevent their growth within the body.

Question 34.
Explain the dual therapeutic roles of paracetamol and highlight a potential risk associated with its use.
Answer:
Paracetamol serves two main functions: it acts as an antipyretic to reduce body temperature and as an
analgesic to relieve pain. However, the consumption of paracetamol at higher levels can adversely affect the liver.

Question 35.
What is the chemical name for aspirin?
Answer:
The chemical name for aspirin is acetyl salicylic acid.