By reviewing Kerala Syllabus 6th Standard Social Science Notes Pdf English Medium and Class 6 Social Science Chapter 7 Through the Continents Notes Questions and Answers Kerala SCERT Solutions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.
Class 6 Social Science Chapter 7 Through the Continents Notes Questions and Answers
Class 6 Social Science Through the Continents Notes Questions and Answers
Class 6 Social Science Chapter 7 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus
Question 1.
Mark the names of the continents in the map given below.
Answer:
Question 2.
Find the locations of the Himalayas and other mountains in Asia using an atlas.
Answer:
Question 3.
The following are the pictures of certain geographical features found in Asia. Observe the pictures, find out to which landform category they belong to, and write them down.
Answer:
Question 4.
Identify the Sahara and the Congo Basin with the help of an atlas.
Answer:
Question 5.
Complete the worksheet on the geographical characteristics of the African continent.
Answer:
| The largest hot desert | Sahara Desert |
| The highest mountain | Kilimanjaro |
| The river basin with Tropical rainforests | Congo River Basin |
| Vast grasslands | Savannah |
Question 6.
Find the location of Appalachian and Rocky Mountains with the help of an atlas.
Answer:
Question 7.
Imagine yourself as a tourist guide who provides necessary information to the tourists who visit North America and prepare a description on the characteristics of this continent.
Answer:
Hello friends! I am your tourist guide, and today I will take you on an exciting journey through the beautiful continent of North America!
North America is one of the largest continents in the world. It is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean and the the Arctic Ocean. Appalachian and Rocky Mountains are two major mountain ranges situated in North America. Several rivers including the Missouri and the Mississippi are there in North America. Five freshwater lakes which are known as the Five Great Lakes are also there in this continent. The Grand Canyon which is a huge valley situated in Arizona in North America is a wonder of the nature. The northern region of the continent experiences extreme cold.The temperature relatively increases while moving from the North to the South. North America is a habitat of great variety of flora and fauna. California Poppy, Saguaro Cactus and Moose are some varieties of flora and fauna in North America. The United States of America (USA) and Canada are renowned for their high standards of living and technological advancement. Large metropolitan cities of the world such as New York, Los Angeles and Mexico are situated in North America. Inuits (Eskimos) who live in the snowy areas is another feature of this continent.
Question 8.
Collect the pictures and details of different flora and fauna of South America with the help of Information and Communication Technology and prepare a wall magazine to be displayed in the class.
Answer:
(Hints: Prepare wall magazine by using the given details and images)
Question 9.
You have been familiarised with Vasco Da Gama’s voyage to India in the previous classes. From which continent did he start his journey to India?
Answer:
Europe
Question 10.
Prepare a note including the geographical features of Europe.
Answer:
TO THE LAND OF ADVENTUROUS ANCIENT MARINERS
EUROPE
Borders
• East – Asia (Ural Mountains and Caspian Sea- these features separate Europe from Asia), West – Atlantic Ocean, South – Mediterranean Sea (It lies between Europe and Africa), North – Africa Ocean
Geographical features of Europe
Mountain ranges like the Alps, the Black Forest and the Carpathian are situated in Europe. Some of the longest rivers of the world such as the Danube, the Volga and the Rhine flow through this continent. There are fertile plains and grasslands in Europe. The vast grasslands in eastern Europe are known as the ‘Steppe’. Certain areas in the northern coastlines of Europe is rich in a special geographic feature known as ‘Fjords’ or ‘Fiords’.
Climate
Europe generally experiences moderate heat and cold. Snowfall during winter is common in the northern regions of this continent.
Flora and Fauna
The Alpine region of Europe is famous for its grassland and the Mediterranean regions for vineyards.
Human Life
- Europeans generally maintain a high standard of living. Europe is a continent rich in art and cultural
heritage. - Athens and Rome, which are among the most ancient cities of the world, are situated in Europe.
- Cities such as Paris, London and Berlin are centres of art. fashion and technology.
| Fjords or Fjords: Fjords are narrow coastal regions that are formed out of glacial action and surrounded by mountains or steep slopes. |
Question 11.
Complete the worksheet related to the geographical features of Australia.
Answer:
| Desert | The Great Victoria |
| Region which is made up of coral reefs | The Great Barrier Reef |
| A fertile river basin | Murray Darling |
| Mountain range | Great Dividing Range |
Through the Continents Questions and Answers Extended Activities
Question 1.
Prepare an identity card based on the model given, including the characteristics of continents.
Answer:
Question 2.
Collect the pictures of important flora and fauna of various continents and prepare a digital album
with captions.
Answer:
(Hints: Prepare a digital album by collecting pictures of flora and fauna of various continents like the given model)
Question 3.
Read the travelogue ‘Kadal Ottakku Kshanichapol’ by Commander Abhilash Tomy and prepare a note.
Answer:
Kadal Ottakku Kshanichapol is a travel story written by Commander Abhilash Tomy, the first Indian to
travel around the world alone in a sailboat without stopping. In this book, he shares his brave and exciting journey across the vast oceans. He talks about strong winds, big waves, and the challenges of being alone at sea. His story teaches us the importance of courage, hard work, and never giving up on our dreams.
Question 4.
Form groups to collect data on various continents based on the indicators given and present the
seminar paper.
• Natural boundaries
• Geographical features
• Climate
• Flora and fauna
• Human Life
Answer:
(Hints: Present the seminar paper by using the given steps)
Step 1: Form Groups
Step 2: Collect lnformation(Each group should collect details of various continents based on the indicators)
FOREMOST IN SIZE
Commander Abhilash Tomy is sharing the experience of travelling across the oceans and continents, in his travelogue ‘Kadal Ottakku Kshanichapol’. He is the first Indian and Malayalee sailor who went around the world without stopping in the sailboat named ‘Mhadei’ of the Indian Navy. In this book, he describes how lands with unique features are spread across and are interconnected on this vast earth, as he sailed from ocean to ocean.
- Continents are large land masses that are situated among the oceans.
- Most of the continents comprise many countries. Each continent has its own unique geographical
ASIA
It is the largest continent on Earth. Our country India, is comprises almost one third of the land area of the Earth.
Borders
- East – Pacific Ocean, West- Europe,
South – Indian Ocean, North- Arctic Ocean. - West side of Asia is a land border.
- The Ural mountain ranges situated on the western side of Asia separates Europe and Asia.
Geographical features
- The Himalaya mountains where the highest peak in the world,
Mount Everest is situated, is in Asia. - Karakoram Range, Hindu Kush Range, Pamir Mountains, Tian Shan Mountains, Altai Mountains etc are the other mountains in Asia.
- In addition to mountains, deserts, plains and plateaus are also geographical features of Asia.
- Many rivers flow through this continent. Yangtze is the longest river in Asia.
Deserts: Deserts are regions with very low rainfall and vast arid land areas. Deserts that experience extreme heat are called hot deserts and those with extreme cold are called cold deserts.
Plains: Land areas that are almost flat are called plains. Alluvial Plains are formed from the sediments deposited by rivers. These are generally fertile.
Plateaus: Land areas that are elevated from the surrounding regions, and with a comparatively flat surface, are called plateaus.
Climate
As the northern part of Asia is lying close to the polar region, it experiences extreme cold. The eastern part experiences moderate heat and cold because of the proximity to the oceans. Since the southern region lies close to the equator, it is hot and humid and has heavy rainfall. In the arid western region the temperature is generally high.
Flora And Fauna
In accordance with the climatic variations, a variety of flora and fauna can be seen in Asia.
Human life
• Asia is the continent with the highest population in the world. 60% of the world population resides in Asia.
Most of the Asians depend on agriculture for living. Asia is the largest producer of paddy in the world. It is the meeting place of various cultures, languages and religions. There are bustling cities like Tokyo and Mumbai as well as villages with very low population in Asia.
CROSSING THE SAVANNAH, THE SAHARA AND THE CONGO BASIN
AFRICA
- The Equator, the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn pass through the African Continent.
- This continent has diverse geographical features that range from expansive Savannah grasslands to dense rain forests.
Borders
• East – Red Sea and Indian Ocean, West – Atlantic Ocean, South – Southern Ocean,
North – Mediterranean Sea(located between Africa and Europe).
Geographical Features
- Africa is the second largest continent. This is a continent that is spread almost equally in the Northern and Southern hemispheres.
- Sahara, the largest hot desert in the world and the Congo river basin covered with tropical rainforests are the features of this continent.
- River Nile, which is the longest river in the world flows through this continent.
- The highest mountain in this continent is Kilimanjaro. Mount Kenya, Mount Elgon, Drakensberg Mountains, Atlas Mountains etc are the other mountains in Africa.
The Sahara Desert
The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. This desert, with vast sand dunes and rocky plateaus, is the habitat of various flora and fauna. Ethnic tribes who adapt to adverse conditions to survive are also a feature of the Sahara.
Tropical rainforests
Tropical rainforests are the rich and dense forests seen in the equatorial region. This region experiences extreme heat and receives high rainfall throughout the year. These forests are called rainforests because they grow in regions with heavy rain. A wider variety of flora and fauna can be, seen in these rainforests than any other habitat on earth. Tropical rainforests can be seen in the Amazon in South America, Congo in Africa, Malaysia in South Eastern Asia and Indonesia.
Climate
Africa, which is almost equally spread On either side of the equator, generally experiences hot climate. Still, regional differences are also there. Moderate climate is experienced along the coastal areas and in the regions belonging to the temperate zone.
Flora And Fauna
The Savannah grasslands and the tropical rainforests in Africa are rich in diverse flora and fauna. The seasonal migration of animals in Serengeti is a major characteristic of Africa.
Seasonal Migration of Serengeti
The seasonal migration in Africa is an example of the phenomenon of long journey undertaken by animals and birds as per the climatic variations and availability of food. The migration of millions of zebras and gazelles in Serengeti, between Tanzania and Kenya in search of new pastures, is a unique phenomenon. These migrations prove that the equilibrium of the habitats throughout Africa is crucial for the sustenance of living beings.
Human Life
The majority of people in Africa live in villages and engage in agriculture. Africa is a land, rich in cultures, languages and history. The Egyptian civilization, which was one of the ancient civilizations, originated in Africa. Egyptian pyramids exist as an evidence of ancient architectural expertise.
FROM THE ROCKIES TO THE APPALACHIANS
NORTH AMERICA
- North America is the continent that is surroundedby the Pacific, the Atlantic and the Arctic oceans.
- It is a continent that has some of the developed countries and big cities in the world.
- The geographical characteristics of North America has a great role to play in the development of its countries.
Borders
• East- Atlantic Ocean, West- Pacific Ocean, South- South America and Caribbean Sea, North- Arctic Ocean.
Geographical Features
Appalachian and Rocky Mountains are two major mountain ranges situated in North America. The fertile plains in this continent are known as the Great Plains. The prairies are the vast grasslands of North America. Several rivers including the Missouri and the Mississippi are there in North America. Five freshwater lakes which are known as the Five Great Lakes are also there in this continent. The Grand Canyon which is a huge valley situated in Arizona in North America is a wonder of the nature.
Climate
The northern region of the continent experiences extreme cold as it is lying close to the polar region. The temperature relatively increases while moving from the North to the South.
Flora and Fauna
North America is a habitat of great variety of flora and fauna. The Sequoia forests in the West and the grasslands in the Great Plains are examples for this.
Human Life
The United States of America (USA) and Canada are renowned for their high standards of living and technological advancement. Large metropolitan cities of the world such as New York, Los Angeles and Mexico are situated in North America. Favourable climate and fertile soil enrich the agricultural sector here. Inuits (Eskimos) who live in the snowy areas is another feature of this continent.
|
The Grand Canyon The Grand Canyon is a huge valley which is about 446 km long up to 29 km wide and more than 1500 m deep. This huge valley was formed as a result of the action of River Colorado over millions of years. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. |
FROM THE AMAZON BASIN
SOUTH AMERICA
Amazon rainforests are called the ‘Lungs of the Earth’. The Amazon forests, which is the habitat of a huge variety of flora and fauna that are not found anywhere else, is in South America.
Borders
• East – Atlantic Ocean, West- Pacific Ocean, South- Southern Ocean, North – Caribbean Sea.
Geographical Features
The Andes mountain ranges which is the longest in the world and Amazon the largest river on earth arc in South America. The major part of the vast Amazon river basin is rainforests. The Atacama, which is the most arid desert in the world is another geographical feature of South America.
Climate
As it is in the equatorial region, the northern regions of South America are very hot and get plenty of rainfall. The southernmost region of South America experiences extreme cold.
Flora And Fauna
- South America is famous for Amazon Water Fily, Anaconda and so on.
- The Andes mountains in South America is the habitat of a flowering plant called Andean Lupin and mammals such as Llama.
- Pantanal in South America is one of the largest tropical wetland areas in the world. A mammal called Capybara, can be seen in this area.
Human Life
- Most of the South Americans engage in agriculture, fishing and industry.
- This continent is remarkable for the cultural diversity due to the presence of indigenous people, Europeans, Africans and Asians.
IN SEARCH OF THE WHITE CONTINENT
ANTARCTICA
- Maitri and Bharati are two research centres that India had established for various studies. It is situated in the Antarctic continent.
- 98 percentage of this continent is covered by the Antarctic glacier. Most of the pure water on Earth is contained in this glacier.
- Location of Antarctica – It is a continent that is surrounded entirely by the Southern Ocean.
Geographical features of Antarctica
The Transantarctic mountain ranges divide the continent as Eastern Antarctica and Western Antarctica. Antarctic peninsula is a physiographic division of Antarctica which lies close to South America. The highest mountain in Antarctica is Vinson Massif. Several volcanoes can also be seen in this continent.
Climate
Antarctica is a cold desert which is covered by snow throughout the year. It is the location of Antarctica which makes its climate unique.
Flora and Fauna
Except for certain mosses that are seen in the rifts of glaciers, the rest of Antarctica is barren. Many of the coastal regions of this continent are the habitats of Penguins and Seals.
Human Life
Human habitation is very limited in Antarctica. Researchers in environmental studies and adventure tourists are the only people who visit this place.
TO THE LAND OF ADVENTUROUS ANCIENT MARINERS
EUROPE
Borders
• East – Asia (Ural Mountains and Caspian Sea- these features separate Europe from Asia), West – Atlantic Ocean, South – Mediterranean Sea (It lies between Europe and Africa), North – Africa Ocean
Geographical features of Europe
Mountain ranges like the Alps, the Black Forest and the Carpathian are situated in Europe. Some of the longest rivers of the world such as the Danube, the Volga and the Rhine flow through this continent. There are fertile plains and grasslands in Europe. The vast grasslands in eastern Europe are known as the ‘Steppe’. Certain areas in the northern coastlines of Europe is rich in a special geographic feature known as ‘Fjords’ or ‘Fiords’.
Climate
Europe generally experiences moderate heat and cold. Snowfall during winter is common in the northern regions of this continent.
Flora and Fauna
The Alpine region of Europe is famous for its grassland and the Mediterranean regions for vineyards.
Human Life
- Europeans generally maintain a high standard of living. Europe is a continent rich in art and cultural
heritage. - Athens and Rome, which are among the most ancient cities of the world, are situated in Europe.
- Cities such as Paris, London and Berlin are centres of art. fashion and technology.
| Fjords or Fjords: Fjords are narrow coastal regions that are formed out of glacial action and surrounded by mountains or steep slopes. |
TO THE LAND OF MARSUPIALS
AUSTRALIA
Kangaroos are animals with a lot of specialities. Australia is the continent where these are found. Australia which is situated completely in the southern hemisphere.
Borders
- East – Pacific Ocean, West – Indian Ocean, South – Southern Ocean, North – Timor Sea and Arafura Sea.
- Australia is the smallest continent and is completely surrounded
Geographical Features
The Great Dividing Range is an important mountain range in Australia. The Great Victoria is one of the major deserts here. The Great Barrier Reef situated on the eastern coast of Australia is made of coral reefs. Murray Darling river basin is a fertile agricultural region in this continent.
Climate
The major area of Australia experiences arid climate. As we go to the interiors of the continent the intensity of dryness increases.
Flora and Fauna
The isolated position of Australia resulted in the evolution of flora and fauna in a different way. Marsupials and egg-laying mammals are examples of this.
- Marsupials are an important animal species seen in Australia. Kangaroo and Koala which carry their young ones in their belly pouches are examples.
- Apart from these, egg-laying mammals like the Platypus and Echidna are some other animals seen in Australia.
- Eucalyptus trees and Acacia, known as Wattle are part of the flora here.
Human Life
Australia is the land of modern cities and ancient culture. The indigenous tribal people here possess a very rich ethnic culture. Cities like Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane are famous for their high standards of living and cultural activities.
Step 3: Prepare the Seminar Paper
- Write a short report using headings for each indicator
- Include images or drawings
Through the Continents Class 6 Notes Pdf
Std 6 Social Science Through the Continents Notes
- Continents are large land masses that are situated among the oceans.
- Most of the continents comprise many countries. Each continent has its own unique geographical features.
Asia is the largest continent on Earth. Our country India, is a part of Asia. - Asia comprises almost one third of the land area of the Earth.
- The Equator, the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn pass through the African Continent.
- Africa is the second largest continent.
- North America is the continent that is surrounded by the Pacific, the Atlantic and the Arctic oceans.
- Appalachian and Rocky Mountains are two major mountain ranges situated in North America.
- The Amazon forests, which is the habitat of a huge variety of flora and fauna that are not found anywhere else, is in South America.
- The Andes mountain ranges which is the longest in the world and Amazon, the largest river on earth are in South America.
- 98 percentage of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic glacier. Most of the pure water on Earth is contained in this glacier.
- Antarctica is a cold desert. which is covered by snow throughout the year.
- Mountain ranges like the Alps, the Black Forest and the Carpathian are situated in Europe.
- Europe generally experiences moderate heat and cold.
- Athens and Rome, which are among the most ancient cities of the world, are situated in Europe.
- Australia which is situated completely in the southern hemisphere.
- The Great Dividing Range is an important mountain range in Australia.
- The major area of Australia experiences arid climate.
- Australia is the land of modern cities and ancient culture.
INTRODUCTION
The Earth is made up of seven large landmasses called continents. In this chapter, “Through the Continents” helps us learn about the seven continents of the world. They are Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Europe, Australia, and Antarctica. Each continent is different in its natural boundaries, geographical features, climate, flora, fauna, and human life. This chapter takes us on a journey across these continents and helps us understand the diversity of nature and people around the world.