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Class 7 Social Science Chapter 4 From Injustice to Justice Notes Questions and Answers
From Injustice to Justice Class 7 Notes Pdf
Class 7 Social Science Chapter 4 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus
Question 1.
Aren’t you familiar with the words margin, side, boarder? In what sense are these words commonly used?
Answer:
These words are commonly used for:
- Divide
- Inequality
- Denial
- Injustice
Question 2.
Observe the pictures. What are the conditions depicted in the pictures?
Answer:
Conditions depicted in the picture:
- War
- Flood
- Landslides
- Sea erosions
Question 3.
Identify other causes of marginalisation and organise a discussion on different types of marginalisation.
Answer:
Marginalisation happens when a group of people are treated differently or excluded because of their race, religion, gender, disability, or even where they live. Marginalisation can have a big impact on people’s lives. It can make them feel lonely, frustrated, and even unsafe. Factors other than marginalisation are :
- Exclusion: This happens when someone is deliberately kept out of something, like a club or a party. It’s similar to marginalisation but often more intentional.
- Eviction: This is when someone is forced to leave their home, which can be due to things like high rent or natural disasters.
- Disasters: These can be natural, like floods or earthquakes, or man-made, like accidents or wars. Disasters can destroy homes, communities, and even livelihoods.
Question 4.
Prepare and present a note on the artistic and cultural life of tribal people.
Answer:
Tribal art is heavily influenced by nature. Animals, plants, and landscapes are common themes, reflecting their deep connection to the environment. Art plays a central role in rituals and ceremonies. Masks, costumes, and body decorations hold spiritual significance and connect them to the spirit world. Music and dance are integral parts of tribal culture. Traditional instruments, rhythmic beats, and lively dances express their joys, sorrows, and stories.
Question 5.
Buildings, pathways, books etc., are generally designed in a way that is favourable and accessible to the non-disabled. What kind of difficulties do the physically challenged face in these places? Discuss in class.
Answer:
Difficulties faced by disabled persons:
a) Stairs without ramps: This is a major obstacle for people who use wheelchairs or have difficulty with stairs.
b) Narrow doorways: These can be difficult to navigate for wheelchairs, walkers, or people with limited ability to move.
c) Uneven surfaces: Cracked sidewalks, potholes, or change in elevation can be dangerous for people using walkers.
d) Small print: This can be difficult for people with visual impairments to read.
e) Lack of audiobooks: People with visual impairments or learning disabilities may
Question 6.
Find out which laws and articles exist in India against caste discrimination. Expand the list.
Answer:
Laws and articles which are against caste discrimination:
Article 15: Prohibits any state from discriminating any citizen on ground of any religion, caste, sex, place of birth etc.
Article 17: It states that untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden.
Section 153 A: Criminalises the use of language that promotes discrimination or violence against people.
Article 14: The state shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.
Article 16: Prohibits discrimination in employment in any government office.
Question 7.
Let’s expand the list by finding the social factors that considers everyone for an ideal society.
More policies for equality
More laws to prevent discrimination
Access to quality education for all
Measures to ensure quality in all sectors of employment
Answer:
- Other factors for considering an ideal society are:
- Good healthcare facilities
- Good infrastructure development
Extended Activities
Question 1.
Prepare a short biography by collecting more information about Jyoti Rao Phule, Savitribai Phule, Periyar, Ambedkar etc. With the help of teachers find out more people who overcame marginalisation through education.
Answer:
a) Jyotirao Phule (1827-1890):
Pioneer of Anti-Caste Movement: Jyotirao Phule was a social reformer from Maharashtra. He opposed the caste system, particularly the plight of untouchables (Dalits).
Champion of Women’s Education: Phule, along with his wife Savitribai, opened India’s first school for girls in 1848. He believed education was key to women’s empowerment.
b) Savitribai Phule (1831-1897):
India’s First Female Teacher: Savitribai Phule, Jyotirao’s wife, was a remarkable woman who defied societal norms. She
became India’s first female teacher when she began teaching at the girls’ school opened by her husband.
Advocate for Widows: Savitribai fought for the rights of widows, a marginalised group in Indian society.
c) Periyar E.V. Ramasamy (1879-1973):
Self-Respect Movement: Periyar, from Tamil Nadu, was a vocal advocate for social justice. He founded the “Self-Respect Movement” to challenge the dominance of Brahmins and the caste system.
Women’s Rights: Periyar championed women’s rights, opposing practices like child marriage and sati (widow burning).
d) B.R. Ambedkar (1891-1956):
Dalit Rights Champion: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, a Dalit leader, was a powerful voice against caste discrimination.
Architect of Indian Constitution: Ambedkar played a pivotal role in drafting India’s constitution, ensuring provisions for social justice and uplifting marginalised communities.
Question 2.
Prepare a digital album by finding out the unique contributions of tribal people in the field of agriculture, arts, culture and science.
Answer:
a) Shifting Cultivation: Many tribes practice shifting cultivation, where they rotate plots of land, allowing the soil to recover naturally.
b) Painting: Warli paintings from Maharashtra depict daily life, rituals, and nature with detailed geometric patterns.
c) Textiles: Tribals across India weave vibrant textiles using natural dyes and traditional looms.
Question 3.
Visit the abode of tribal people and understand their social life. These indicators can be used such as lives of their ancestors Art, agriculture, food, contemporary life.
Answer:
While you visit the tribal people you have to keep in mind certain things:
- Lives of their ancestors
- Art, agriculture, food
- Contemporary life
- Textiles
- Dance and music
- Science and knowledge system
Question 4.
Collect biographies, autobiographies and memoirs that describes the experiences of women who survived discrimination, from school library and neighbourhood libraries and organise a book fest in class. Prepare short notes on each book.
Answer:
a) I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou (Autobiography)
This powerful memoir details Maya Angelou’s experiences with racism and sexual assault in the American South. It’s a story of finding one’s voice, and the healing power of words.
b) Born Crime by Trevor Noah (Autobiography): Trevor Noah recounts his childhood growing up biracial in South Africa during apartheid. This book explains the brutality of racial difference with humour.
c) Hunger by Roxane Gay (Memoir): Roxane Gay’s memoir shares her experiences with sexual assault, body image, and self- acceptance. It’s a powerful story of overcoming trauma and reclaiming one’s narrative.
Question 5.
Invite people working for differently abled to the school either directly or through digital media and organise a discussion. Ask them about the problems faced by the differently abled in various fields and the possible solutions.
Answer:
Questions to ask people working with differently-abled individuals in various fields:
a) How can educational institutions better support students with disabilities?
b) What are the specific healthcare needs of differently-abled people that are often overlooked?
c) How can public transportation systems be made more accessible for people with physical or sensory disabilities?
d) What are some success stories you’ve seen of differently-abled people overcoming challenges in your field?
Question 6.
What changes need to happen in the current situation for people with disabilities to reach everywhere like others? Based on your school premises prepare a small project for the improvement of physical and academic facilities of differently abled students. Submit it to the local self-government institution with the help of teachers.
Answer:
- Wheelchair ramps
- Handrails
- Braille script and audio library
- Physically challenged friendly washrooms
- Educating and providing practical sessions on how to take care of specially abled students in case of emergency
- Disability-friendly classrooms
Question 7.
How to respond to discrimination? Conduct a class discussion based on the following points
1) The marginalised themselves should come forward.
2) The conditions of the marginalised can be effectively addressed through the collective interventions of the community.
3) Effective intervention can be done using government systems. Add more indicators.
Answer:
Discrimination is a serious issue that can have a huge impact on individuals and communities. When those who experience discrimination speak up, it raises awareness and brings the issue to light. Lack of trust in authority, or feeling unheard can make speaking out difficult. Collective action by a community can put pressure on institutions to address discrimination. Petitions, protests, boycotts, and educational campaigns can all be effective tools. Many countries have laws against discrimination that people can use to file complaints.
Class 7 Social Science From Injustice to Justice Notes Questions and Answers
Question 1.
What do you mean by marginalisation?
Answer:
Marginalisation is the process of excluding some groups from the places where they deserve equal consideration.
Question 2.
Give any two reasons for which marginalisation takes place?
Answer:
Marginalisation takes place due to natural disasters, manmade disasters.
Question 3.
What are the practices followed as a part of marginalisation?
Answer:
1) Certain social groups were excluded willfully on account of their cast, religion or class.
2) Some groups were denied employment and education.
3) Some were denied opportunities and were not even treated as individuals.
Who faces marginalisation in the society:
a) Women
b) Transgenders
e) Minorities
d) Poverty-stricken people, refugees etc.
Question 4.
Who faces marginalisation in the society?
Answer:
Marginalisation is the process of excluding some groups from the ¡laces where they deserve equal consideration.
Reasons for which marginalisation takes place:
a) Marginalisation takes place by the loss of assets caused due to natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, landslides, sea erosion etc.,
b) Marginalisation takes place due to manmade disasters such as war, accidents and industrial disasters.
c) Marginalisation also occurs due to the intentional exclusion of people based on their caste, religion, tribe, or gender status. Eg: Denial of opportunity for education.
Question 5.
Who are social reformers?
Answer:
Social reformers are those who fight against the exclusion of gender, caste, religion etc and work to create a more just and equitable society.
Question 6.
Who preached the message of ‘enlightenment through education’?
Answer:
Sree Narayana Guru
Question 7.
Who used the term ‘Dalit’ for the first time?
Answer:
Jyoti Rao Phule
Question 8.
Give the names of four social reformers?
Answer:
Kuriakose Elias Chavara, Ayya Vaikunta Swamikal, Chattampi Swamikal, Vakkom Abdul Khader Moulavi.
Question 9.
Give the names of some social reformers and their specialities?
Answer:
| Social Reformers | Specialities |
| Kuriakose Elias Chavara | Educating & uplifting people of lower class |
| yya Vaikunta Swamikal | Eliminating caste-based discrimination |
| Chattampi Swamikal | Child marriage & other customs were stopped. |
| Vakkom Abdul Khader Moulavi | Nurtured women’s education |
| Poikayil Yohannan | Dalit activist who fought against caste discrimination |
| Dakshayani Velayudhan | Dalit women who stood up for the rights of women |
Question 10.
Who are tribal people?
Answer:
Tribal people are those who live together in specific geographical areas and who create their own knowledge. They follow their own way of life, art, and cultural values.
Question 11.
Name two reformers who worked against the marginalisation of Dalits?
Answer:
Verrier Elwin, Dr. A. Aiyappan
Question 12.
Write a note on tribals?
Answer:
- Tribal people are those who live together in specific geographical areas and who create their own knowledge.
- They follow their own way of life, art, and cultural values.
- The tribal people who had supreme command over the resources of their natural habitat were subsequently marginalised.
- In the fields of art, language, literature, medicine and agriculture, the tribals have excellent knowledge and skills, which they have achieved through close contact with nature.
Question 13.
How did reformers like Verrier Elwin, Dr. A. Aiyappan worked against the marginalisation of Dalits?
Answer:
Verrier Elwin:
One of the most important contributors to Indian Anthropology. He worked for the preservation of the unique life of tribal people. He held significant influence in shaping India’s policy towards tribal people.
Dr. A. Aiyappan:
Aiyappan was born on February 5, 1905, at Pavaratty in Thrissur district. He was a prominent anthropologist who studied about Indian cultures. He completed research studies under Malinowski and Raymond Firth from the London School of Economics and made outstanding contnbutions to the study of Ezhava-Gothra community in Kerala.
Question 14.
Briefly explain marginalisation and women?
Answer:
- Women are a social group that has been marginalised due to gender status.
- During the early days, women were forbidden to engage in artistic activities.
- Women were either marginalised or. denied equal rights just because of their gender.
- A misconception persisted in the society was that women deserve only lower status in the field of arts, education, work and domestic spheres.
Question 15.
Name three reformers who worked against the marginalisation of Women?
Answer:
Pandita Ramabhai, Ponnen lukose, Janaki ammal
Question 16.
How did reformers like Pandita Ramabai, Poonnen Lukose, Janaki Ammal worked against the marginalisation of women?
Answer:
Pandita Ramabai:
A prominent figure among the social reformers in India who worked for the rights and empowerment of women in the 19th century. Education and welfare of widows were the major areas of activity. She studied about the condition of women in India and led the activities to solve the problems.
Dr. Poonnen Lukose
She did her MBBS from the University of London as Indian universities did not admit women for the same. She became famous as the first woman to graduate in medicine from Kerala. She was the first woman representative in the Travancore Legislative Council.
E.K. Janaki Ammal
The world-renowned botanist was born in Thalasseri, Kerala. She developed high-yielding sugarcane hybrids at the Sugarcane Research Centre in Coimbatore. She was the first Director General of the Botanical Survey of India. In 1977, the Nation honoured her with the Padma Shri award.
Question 17.
Briefly explain marginalisation & differently abled?
Answer:
- Differently Abled means a person who lacks normal functioning of physical, mental or psychological processes. It is also defined as learning difficulties or difficulties in adjusting socially, which interfere with a person’s normal growth and development.
- Differently abled people, due to their physical characteristics, face many challenges in their daily life compared to others.
- Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016: This act was enacted to ensure non discrimination and equal social life for the differently abled.
Question 18.
What do you mean by differently abled?
Answer:
Differently Abled means a person who lacks normal functioning of physical, mental or psychological processes. It is also defined as learning difficulties or difficulties in adjusting socially, which interfere with a person’s normal growth and development.
Question 19.
Who is the father of Indian constitution?
Answer:
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
Question 20.
What do Article 14 says?
Answer:
The Constitution of India guarantees equality to all citizens.
Question 21.
Which article stipulates that there shall be no discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex and place of birth.?
Answer:
Article 15
Question 22.
State the reasons for which constitution prohibits discrimination?
Answer:
- Discrimination hinders social progress.
- Creates economic inequality
- Denies safe physical environment
- Creates war or conflict.within the society
- Citizens tend to shift to other countries in search of jobs and living
- Makes the minority group feel less or alienated.
Question 23.
Define the term marginalisation.
Answer:
Marginalisation is the process of excluding some groups from the places where they deserve equal consideration.
Question 24.
State any three reasons for which marginalisation takes place.
Answer:
Three reasons for which marginalisation takes place:
a) Marginalisation takes place by the loss of assets caused due to natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, landslides, sea erosion etc.,
b) Marginalisation takes place due to manmade disasters such as war, accidents and industrial disasters.
c) Marginalisation also occurs due to the intentional exclusion of people based on their caste, religion, tribe, or gender status. Eg: Denial of opportunity for education.
Question 25.
What are the practices followed for marginalisation?
Answer:
1) Certain social groups were excluded willfully on account of their cast, religion or class.
2) Some groups were denied employment and education.
3) Some were denied opportunities and were not even treated as individuals.
Question 26.
Who faces marginalisation in the society?
Answer:
Marginalisation is faced by:
a) Women
b) Transgenders
c) Minorities
d) Poverty-stricken people, refugees etc.
Question 27.
Give few examples of injustice in our society?
Answer:
Exclusion of individuals from the mainstream, denial of opportunities are some examples of injustice in our society.
Question 28.
Give the names of any two social reformers who worked against the marginalisation of Dalits.
Answer:
Jyoti Rao Phule, Savitribai Phule
Question 29.
Complete the table.
Answer:
| Social Reformers | Specialities |
| Kuriakose Elias Chavara | Educating & uplifting people of lower class |
| Ayya Vaikunta Swamikal | Eliminating caste-based discrimination |
| Chattampi Swamikal | Child marriage & other customs were stopped. |
| Vakkom Abdul Khader Moulavi | Nurtured women’s education |
| Poikayil Yohannan | Dalit activist who fought against caste discrimination |
| Dakshayani Velayudhan | Dalit women who stood up for the rights of women |
Question 30.
How did Jyoti Rao Phule, Savitribai Phule help Dalits from marginalisation
Answer:
Jyoti Rao Phule: Dalit is the term used to describe a community subjected to caste and religious exploitation. The term was used by Jyoti Rao Phule, who initiated social change during his time. Phule established educational institutions for Women and Dalits.
Savitribai Phule: She was the headmistress of India’s first school for girls in Pune. A night school was established for farmers and workers. Pune University was renamed as Savitribai Phule Pune University in recognition of her great contributions in the field of education.
Question 31.
Who is E.V.Ramasamy Naicker and what movement did he find?
Answer:
E.V.Ramasamy Naicker is the founder of the Self-Respect Movement and was one of the leading anti-caste activists in India. Being a social reformer, he stood against social discrimination based on Brahmin dominance and also emphasised the importance of women’s education.
Question 32.
Write a short note on the greatest reformers who helped against the marginalisation of Dalits.
Answer:
Mahatma Ayyankali:
He worked to provide equal opportunities to the lower caste people. Ayyankali recognised education as a tool for social transformation.
Sree Narayana Guru:
He preached the message of ‘enlightenment through education’. Sree Narayana guru also opposed marginalisation through modern education.
Jyoti Rao Phule:
Dalit is the term used to describe a community subjected to caste and religious exploitation. The term was used by Jyoti Rao Phule who initiated social change during his times. Phule established educational institutions for Women and Dalits.
Savitribai Phule:
She was the headmistress of India’s first school for girls in Pune. A night school was established for farmers and workers. Pune University was renamed as Savitribai Phule Pune University in recognition of her great contributions in the field of education.
Periyar E.V.Ramasamy Naicker:
He is the founder of the Self-Respect Movement and was one of the leading anti-caste activists in India. Being a social reformer, he stood against social discrimination based on Brahmin dominance also emphasised the importance of women’s education.
Question 33.
Name two reformers who worked against marginalisation of tribals?
Answer:
Verrier Elwin and Dr.A.Aiyappan.
Question 34.
Write a short note on tribal people.
Answer:
Tribal people are those who live together in specific geographical areas and who create their own knowledge. They follow their own way of life, art, and cultural values. The tribal people who had supreme command over the resources of their natural habitat were subsequently marginalised. In the fields of art, language, literature, medicine and agriculture, the tribals have excellent knowledge and skills, which they have achieved through a close contact with nature.
Question 35.
How did reformers work against the marginalisation of Tribal people?
Answer:
Some reformers who worked against the marginalisation of Tribals:
Verrier Elwin:
One of the most important contributors to Indian Anthropology. He worked for the preservation of the unique life of tribal people. He held significant influence in shaping India’s policy towards tribal people.
Dr. A. Aiyappan:
Aiyappan was born on February 5, 1905, at Pavaratty in Thrissur district. He was a prominent anthropologist who studied about Indian cultures. He completed research studies under Malinowski and Raymond Firth from the London School of Economics and made outstanding contributions to the study of Ezhava- Gothra community in Kerala.
Question 36.
Write a nore about Nanjiyamma.
Answer:
Nanjiyamma from Irula tribe of Attappadi in Palakkad district won the 2020 National Film Award for the best female singer. She is the first person from tribes to win this award. Her song started with the lines” Kala katha sandanamere vegu voka poothiriko…”
Question 37.
What do you mean by differently abled?
Answer:
Differently Abled means a person who lacks normal functioning of physical, mental or psychological processes. It is also defined as learning difficulties or difficulties in adjusting socially, which interfere with a person’s normal growth and development.
Question 38.
Briefly explain about the reformers who worked against the marginalisation of Women?
Answer:
Pandita Ramabai:
A prominent figure among the social reformers in India who worked for the rights and empowerment of women in the 19th century. Education and welfare of widows were the major areas of activity. She studied about the condition of women in India and led the activities to solve the problems.
Dr. Poonnen Lukose
She did her MBBS from the University of London as Indian universities did not admit women for the same. She became famous as the first woman to graduate in medicine from Kerala. She was the first woman representative in the Travancore Legislative Council.
E.K. Janaki Ammal
The world-renowned botanist was born in Thalasseri, Kerala. She developed high- yielding sugarcane hybrids at Sugarcane Research Centre in Coimbatore. She was the first Director General of the Botanical Survey of India. In 1977, the Nation honoured her with the Padma Shri award.
Question 39.
Define the term transgender?
Answer:
Transgender means a person whose gender does not match with the gender assigned to that person by birth. This includes trans-men or trans-women.
Question 40.
What are the challenges Nilambur Ayisha faced from the society as a part of marginalisation? What was the reason
Answer:
In the early days, society didn’t approve of women acting in dramas. Ayisha mostly performed in places like North Malabar. She was stoned while playing drama. Also, an attempt was made on her life while she was performing a play at Melakkam in Manjeri. None of these stopped her from being the woman she was.
Question 41.
Identify the prominent personalities:
a) Education and welfare of widows were the major areas of her activity. She studied the condition of women in India and led the activities to solve the problems.
b) She became famous as the first
woman to graduate in medicine from Kerala.
Answer:
a) Pandita Ramabai
b) Dr.Poonnen Lukose
Question 42.
Who was Dr. B. R. Ambedkar ?
Answer:
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar is the architect of the Constitution of India. He worked hard for the socio-political upliftment of Dalits. He presented the problems of marginalised communities in India through his writings. and stood for their legal protection. He is also known as the father of Indian constitution.
Question 43.
State the reasons for prohibiting discrimination by our constitution.
Answer:
- Reasons for prohibiting discrimination by our constitution
- Discrimination hinders social progress.
- Creates economic inequality
- Denies safe physical environment
- Creates war or conflict within the society
- Citizens tend to shift to other countries in search of jobs and living
- Makes the minority group feel less or alienated.
Question 44.
What is Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act?
Answer:
Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 was enacted to ensure non-discrimination and equal social life for the differently abled.
Question 45.
Briefly explain articles that come under the constitution of India, which prohibits discrimination.
Answer:
Article 14: The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India, on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
Article 15: The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.
Article16: There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.
Article17: Abolition of untouchability
Std 7 Social Science From Injustice to Justice Notes
- Marginalisation is the process of excluding some groups from the places where they deserve equal consideration.
- Marginalisation takes place due to natural disasters, manmade disasters and also occurs due to the intentional exclusion of people based on their caste, religion, tribe, or gender status.
- Social reformers who fought to create a more just and equitable society for Dalits are: Mahatma Ayyankali, Sree Narayana Guru, Jyoti Rao Phule, Savitribai Phule, Periyar E.V.Ramasamy Naicker
- Tribal people are those who live together in specific geographical areas and who create their own knowledge.
- Social reformers who fought to create a more just and equitable society for Tribals are: Verrier Alwin, Dr.A.Aiyappan
- Some reformers who worked against the marginalisation of women: Pandita Ramabai,
Dr. Poonnen Lukose, Janaki Ammal. - Women were either marginalised or denied equal rights just because of their gender.
- The Constitution of India guarantees equality to all citizens (Article 14).
- The Constitution stipulates that there shall be no discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex and place of birth (Article 15).