By reviewing Kerala Syllabus 7th Standard Social Science Notes Pdf Download and Class 7 Social Science Chapter 6 Indian Subcontinent Questions and Answers Kerala SCERT Solutions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.
Class 7 Social Science Chapter 6 Indian Subcontinent Notes Questions and Answers
Indian Subcontinent Class 7 Notes Pdf
Class 7 Social Science Chapter 6 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus
Question 1.
List the different continents by observing the map given below and a globe. Find the continent in which our country is located.
Answer:
Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica are the seven continents. Our country is in Asian continent.
Question 2.
Identify the countries that belong to Indian subcontinent from the given map.
Answer:
India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, and Maldives.
Question 3.
Find the location of the Peninsular Plateau with the help of the map.
Answer:
Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Odisha.
Question 4.
Compare the given pictures and identify the life of people in the land forms concerned.
Answer:
The life of people living in various landforms is heavily influenced by the unique geography of their surroundings. In mountainous regions, communities often face challenges such as limited access to resources, rugged terrain, and harsh weather conditions. Even with these obstacles, mountain dwellers have adapted by developing agricultural terracing techniques, strong community ties, and flexible housing structures.
On the other hand, people living in coastal areas experience a different way of life. Their livelihoods relate to the ocean, depending on fishing, maritime trade, and tourism. Coastal communities face threats from natural disasters like hurricanes and rising sea levels due to climate change. However, they have developed strategies such as building seawalls, early warning systems, and sustainable fisheries management to reduce these risks.
Question 5.
Which are the factors that influence the climate of an era?
Answer:
- The Latitude.
- The Altitude
- Physiography
- Proximity to ocean
- Wind
Question 6.
Why do places like Munnar and Ooty experience cold climates?
Answer:
Munnar and Ooty, located at high altitude and near the Western Ghats Mountain range, experience cold climates due to lower atmospheric pressure and huge vegetation. These regions’ proximity to the mountain range and the presence of shade and moisture contribute to their cold climate, making them popular tourist destinations.
Question 7.
Do regional differences in physiography and climate create any differences in the life of the people?
Answer:
Regional physiography and climate significantly influence people’s lives by affecting natural resources, livelihood options, and cultural practices. Mountainous regions limit agricultural activities, while coastal areas support fishing industries and trade. Extreme climates require adaptations, while moderate climates offer stable environments. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for sustainable development and effective governance.
Question 8.
Are the food habits of the people of north and south India the same?
Answer:
North and South India’s food habits differ significantly due to geography, climate, history, and culture. North India uses wheat as a major crop, resulting in dairy-rich dishes like roti, paratha, and naan. Mughlai cuisine influences the use of aromatic spices and saffron. South Indian cuisine heavily relies on rice, coconut, tamarind, and curry leaves, with a focus on vegetarian fare. Cooking methods also differ, with North Indian cooking involving elaborate techniques and South Indian cooking focusing on fast-paced lifestyles. These regional variations highlight the rich diversity of Indian cuisine.
Question 9.
Is the dress style of the people of Kashmir the same as that of the people of Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Kashmir and Tamil Nadu’s dress styles are influenced by their distinct cultural, geographical, and historical backgrounds. Kashmiri attire includes the pheran, while Tamil Nadu’s saree and veshti reflect Dravidian culture. Kashmiri attire is heavier and warm, while Tamil Nadu’s is lighter and breathable. Historical influences include Persian, Mughal, and Central Asian, while Dravidian and European influences are present in Tamil Nadu attire. Jewellery and accessories also differ.
Question 10.
Are the major crops cultivated in the Western Ghats and North Indian plain the same? Identify the crop grown in the Western Ghats from the given pictures.
Answer:
The Western Ghats and North Indian plains have distinct agricultural practices. The Western Ghats, known for its high rainfall and hilly terrain, cultivates crops like rice, spices, and fruits. The North Indian plain, with its diverse climate and fertile alluvial soil, supports major crops like wheat, rice, sugarcane, and pulses. These differences highlight the importance of understanding geographic variability in crop cultivation and its impact on regional agriculture and food production. From the figure the crop grown in the Western Ghats is Cardamom.
Question 11.
Are all the crops are cultivated in the same way?
Answer:
In different parts of the world, there exists various types of farming practices based on physiography, soil fertility, climate, water availability, density of population, extent of agricultural land, value of crops, available technology etc. These include primitive subsistence agriculture, intensive subsistence agriculture, mixed farming, extensive commercial grain cultivation, dairy farming, cultivation of plantation crops and horticulture.
Extended Activities
Question 1.
Prepare an essay with the help of reading materials and internet, finding out the countries belonging to the Indian subcontinent, their capitals and cultural features.
Answer:
The Indian subcontinent comprises several countries with diverse cultures and rich heritage. The countries belonging to the Indian subcontinent are India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, and the Maldives. Each of these countries has its unique cultural features that set them apart.
1. India:
Capital: New Delhi
Cultural Features: Diverse languages, religions, cuisines, dance forms, music genres, and art styles. Rich history of ancient civilizations, vibrant festivals like Diwali and Holi, classical dances like Bharatanatyam and Kathak, and traditional practices like yoga and Ayurveda.
2. Pakistan:
Capital: Islamabad
Cultural Features: Influences of Persian, Turkish, and Arab cultures. Rich tradition of poetry, music, and dance. Celebrations like Eid and Basant, traditional crafts like pottery and embroidery, and delicious cuisine like biryani and kebabs.
3. Bangladesh:
Capital: Dhaka
Cultural Features: Synthesis of Hindu, Buddhist, and Muslim cultures. Rich literature including works of Rabindranath Tagore. Traditional music forms like Baul and diverse art forms like Nakshi kantha embroidery.
4. Sri Lanka:
Capital: Colombo
Cultural Features: Blend of Sinhalese, Tamil, and Muslim cultures. Ancient Buddhist heritage with sites like Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa. Traditional dance forms like Kandyan dance and vibrant festivals like the Esala Perahera.
5. Nepal:
Capital: Kathmandu
Cultural Features: Himalayan country with diverse ethnic groups like Sherpa, Gurung, and Tharu. Rich tradition of art, architecture, and spirituality. Hindu and Buddhist temples like Pashupatinath and Swayambhunath Stupa.
6. Bhutan:
Capital: Thimphu
Cultural Features: Land of Gross National Happiness with strong emphasis on preserving culture and traditions. Rich Buddhist heritage with monasteries like Tiger’s Nest. Traditional festivals like Tshechu and unique cultural practices like archery.
7. Maldives: Capital: Male
Cultural Features: Island nation with a unique blend of South Indian, Sri Lankan, and Arab influences. Rich marine biodiversity and traditional practices like Dhivehi Raivaru music and Boduberu dance.
In conclusion, the countries of the Indian subcontinent exhibit a tapestry of cultures, traditions, and heritage that make them truly unique and fascinating. Each country’s cultural. features reflect its history, beliefs, and values, contributing to the region’s cultural diversity and richness.
Question 2.
Prepare a wallpaper by collecting pictures that showcase the cultural diversity of different countries in the Indian subcontinent.
Answer:
(Hints)
Key concepts to be included in the wallpaper are: Traditional Attire, Art and Craft, Festivals and Celebrations, Cuisine, Architecture, Diverse Landscapes.
Question 3.
Colour and label the countries of Indian subcontinent in the outline map provided.
Answer:
Answer:
Class 7 Social Science Indian Subcontinent Notes Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Define Continent.
Answer:
Large landmasses are called continents, meaning ‘piece of land’ which containing different physiographic divisions. We can see many landforms like tall mountains, expansive plains, vast deserts, plateaus etc. in the continents.
Question 2.
Define Subcontinent
Answer:
Subcontinents are large continental areas with diverse physiographic divisions and climate as in continents. Pamir plateau geographically separates the southern part of Asian continent from the other parts.
Question 3.
What is Pamir Knot?
Answer:
The Pamir knot, known as the roof of the
Question 4.
What are the significant mountain ranges in South Asia?
Answer:
The significant mountain ranges in South Asia include the Hindukush Mountain range in Pakistan and the Himalayan Mountain range in India, Nepal, and Bhutan.
Question 5.
What is known as North Indian Plain? Write the features of North Indian plains.
Answer:
The North Indian Plain, a vast plain extending from east to west of the subcontinent, is formed by alluvial deposits from the rivers Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra. Features of North Indian Plains:
- Fertile soil
- Abundant water supply from rivers
- Plain landscape
- Thickly populated
Question 6.
What is the geographical significance of the Peninsular Plateau in South Asia?
Answer:
The Peninsular Plateau, located in the southern part of the North Indian Plain, is estimated to be 150-900 meters above sea level and serves as a distinctive in the Indian physiographic division subcontinent encompassing island nations like Maldives and Sri Lanka as well as smaller groups like Lakshadweep, Andaman, and Nicobar.
Question 7.
What is known as apparent movement of the Sun?
Answer:
The phenomenon in which the relative position of the sun changes between the Tropic of Cancer (232° North) and Tropic of Capricorn (232° South) is known as the apparent movement of the sun. Due to the revolution of the earth and the inclination of earth’s axis, it feels that the sun experiences displacement.
Question 8.
How does the sun’s position during summer solstice impact the weather patterns in the Indian subcontinent?
Answer:
During summer solstice, the sun’s position heats the air, leading to moisture-laden winds from the ocean. This results in widespread rainfall in May and June in the Indian subcontinent.
Question 9.
What causes less rainfall during winter solstice in the Indian subcontinent?
Answer:
During winter solstice, the Indian Ocean heats the air, and dry Northeast to Southwest winds blow across the region, causing a decrease in rainfall. However, absorption of water vapour from the Bay of Bengal leads to widespread rainfall on the eastern coast.
Question 10.
What are the main climatic differences experienced between the northern and southern parts of the Tropic of Cancer?
Answer:
The northern part of the Tropic of Cancer experiences a temperate climate, while the southern part experiences a tropical climate.
Question 11.
How does physiography influence the distribution of rainfall in regions like Kerala and Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Physiography, specifically the presence of mountains like the Western Ghats, obstructs moisture-laden winds resulting in heavy rainfall in Kerala and low rainfall in Tamil Nadu due to rain shadow effects.
Question 12.
What role do mountains play in creating rain shadow regions?
Answer:
Mountains act as barriers to moisture-laden winds, forcing them to ascend and release precipitation on one side, while creating dry conditions on the other side known as rain shadow regions.
Question 13.
Why does Kerala experience heavy rainfall in the monsoon season compared to Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Kerala’s proximity to the Western Ghats allows it to receive heavy rainfall as the mountains act as a barrier obstructing the southwest monsoon winds, while Tamil Nadu experiences low rainfall due to being in the rain shadow of the Western Ghats on its eastern slopes.
Question 14.
Which are the different cropping seasons in India?
Answer:
Kharif
During Kharif season that coincides with the south – west monsoon. crops that require high temperature and abundant water like paddy, cotton, jute, jowar, bajra and tur are cultivated.
Rabi
Rabi season, from October to February, is a period for cultivating moderately temperature and water intensive crops like wheat, pulses, and mustard.
Zaid
Zaid is the short summer cropping season that begins after Rabi harvest. During this season, watermelon, cucumber, vegetables, fodder crops etc. are grown in areas where irrigation is available.
Question 15.
How are the major crops classified?
Answer:
. Food Crops: They are classified into two: Cereals and Pulses. In India, fine cereals such as rice and wheat and coarse cereals such as bajra. maize and ragi are grown. Gram and Toor dal are the major pulses cultivated in India.
. Cash crops: The crops that are grown commercially on a large scale are called cash crops such as sugar cane, tobacco, cotton, jute and oil seeds.
. Fibre crops: Cotton and jute are the major fibre crops in India. Fibre crops provide us with the fibre we need to make many things like fabrics, bags and sacks.
. Oil seeds: Oilseeds are cultivated to produce edible oil. These include ground nut, rapeseed, mustard, soya bean and sunflower.
. Plantation crops: Crops such as tea, coffee, rubber, spices and tubers are also cultivated in India.
Question 16.
Consider the map given below
a) List out the name of continents.
b) List out the names of oceans.
Answer:
a) Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica are the seven continents.
b) Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Artic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Southern Ocean
Question 17.
Classify the following by giving proper heading.
(India, Europe, North America, Kerala, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Maharashtra, Antarctica, Odisha)
Answer:
| Continents | Countries in Indian Subcontinents | Indian Peninsular Plateau |
| North America | India | Maharashtra |
| Europe | Nepal | Kerala |
| Antarctica | Sri Lanka | Odisha |
Question 18.
What are the main mountain ranges in the Northern part of the Indian subcontinent?
Answer:
The Hindukush Mountain range in Pakistan and the Himalayan Mountain range in India, Nepal, and Bhutan.
Question 19.
What geographical feature lies to the south of the Himalayas in the Indian subcontinent?
Answer:
A vast plain known as the North Indian Plain or Great plains, formed by alluvial deposits brought by the rivers Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra.
Question 20.
What natural landscape is found in the southern part of the North Indian Plain in the Indian subcontinent?
Answer:
A plateau known as the Peninsular Plateau, with an estimated elevation of about 150 to 900 metres above sea level, forming a roughly triangular shape.
Question 21.
Identify the given picture.
a) What is this picture showing?
b) Explain the process.
Answer:
a) Rain Shadow Region
b) Physiography influences climate. Moisture laden winds are obstructed by the mountains,
located against their direction resulting in rainfall. Kerala experiences heavy rainfall in Western Ghats, while Tamil Nadu experiences low rainfall in eastern slopes. Such regions with low rainfall are generally known as rain shadow regions.
Question 22.
Fill in the blanks.
| Crop | Water Requirement | Sowing Months | Harvest Months |
| Rice | Abundant water is needed | (c) | September |
| (a) | Moderate amount of water is needed | October | March |
| Watermelon | (b) | April | (d) |
Answer:
a) Wheat
b) Irrigation is needed in areas with
c) June
d) June
Question 23.
Match the following
| Cropping Season | Crops |
| Kharif | Wheat, Pulses, Mustard |
| Rabi | Watermelon, Cucumber, Fodder crops |
| Zaid | Paddy, cotton, Jute |
Answer:
| Cropping Season | Crops |
| Kharif | Paddy, cotton, Jute |
| Rabi | Wheat, Pulses, Mustard |
| Zaid | Watermelon, Cucumber, Fodder crops |
Question 24.
Draw a flowchart representing the classification of major crops.
Answer:
Std 7 Social Science Indian Subcontinent Notes
- There are 7 continents and 5 oceans in our earth.
- A continent is a large landmass containing different physiographic divisions.
- Subcontinents are large continental areas with diverse physiographic divisions and climate as in continents.
- Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica are the seven continents. Our country is in Asian continent.
- India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Maldives are the Indian Subcontinents.
- Pamir Knot is known as the roof of the world.
- The extensive plain formed by the alluvial deposits brought by the rivers Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra is known as Northern Plain.
- Climate of the India subcontinent is generally known as ‘monsoon climate’.
- Latitude, altitude, physiography, proximity to ocean and wind are the factors that influence climate.
- The agriculture, food, housing, clothing, rituals, celebrations etc. of the people in each area are in accordance with the physiography and climate of that region.
- There are definite seasons for sowing and harvesting of each crop. These seasons are known as cropping seasons.
- Kharif, Rabi and Zaid are the three cropping seasons.
- Major crops are classified into food crops, cash crops, fibre crops, oil seeds and plantation crops.