By reviewing Kerala Syllabus 8th Standard Social Science Notes Pdf and Class 8 Social Science Chapter 13 Social Groups and Social Control Notes Questions and Answers Kerala SCERT Solutions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.
Class 8 Social Science Chapter 13 Social Groups and Social Control Notes Questions and Answers
Social Groups and Social Control Class 8 Notes Pdf
Class 8 Social Science Chapter 13 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus
Let Us Assess
Question 1.
Explain the common features of social groups.
Answer:
A social group is formed when two or more people who communicate to each other directly or indirectly and work together for some goals come together. Group consciousness, direct-indirect relationship, Cooperation an ccordination, collective ways of action, collective interests etc. are the some common features of a social group.
Question 2.
Explain the difference between primary and secondary groups with the help of examples.
Answer:
Primary group is composed of a small group of people with intimate relationship, face- to-face interaction and mutual co-operation.
Characteristics of primary groups
• Members know each other.
Intimacy among the members.
Continuous communication among the members.
• Welfare of members is the major aim.
• Mutual cooperation among the members. On the other hands secondary groups have more members than the primary of groups. There is formal relationship among the members. Secondary groups are formed to satisfy the common needs of the members. At the same time, personal usefulness is the basis of membership in these groups. Some secondary groups cease to exist once the objectives are satisfied.
Question 3.
Do you think that social control is contrary to individual freedom? Explain.
Answer:
If peace and happiness is to be sustained in society, all the members should obey the norms and laws formed by the society. It is not possible to ensure social security without obeying the laws of the society. The pressure and interventions exerted by each social group over its members in order to en- sure and sustain a safe environment is called social control.
Features of social control.
• In every society there are certain commonly accepted standards of behaviour.
Society establishes suitable social institutions for the regulation of behaviour and socialisation of its members.
How is social control carried out?
Social control is ensured not through conviction and punishment alone.
Society recognizes and respects those who achieve success through legally accepted ways.
Social control is formally implemented through the systems such as police, court, prison and military.
Society has institutions and systems to control, prevent or punish those who do not adhere to social control.
Class 8 Social Science Social Groups and Social Control Notes Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Choose the correct answer from the bracket.
a) Which among the following does not include in the features of family? (Small group, unfamiliar people, elevated group consciousness, influences personality)
b) Find the feature of primary group from among the following. (members do not know each other, absence of intimacyamong the members, lack of mutual cooperation among the members, continuous communication among the members)
c) Which among the following institution perform formal social control? (Family, Court, Religion, Peer group)
d) Which among the following institution perform informal social control? (police, military, prison, family)
Answer:
a) unfamiliar people
b) continuous communication among the members
c) court
d) family
Question 2.
Match the following table.
| A | B |
| Formal social control | Club |
| Informal social control | Promote companionship |
| Use of social group | Military |
| Secondary group | Peer group |
Answer:
| A | B |
| Formal social control | Military |
| Informal social control | Peer group |
| Use of social group | Promote companionship |
| Secondary group | Club |
Question 3.
Match the following table.
| A | B |
| Informal social control | Football team |
| Secondary group | Familiar people |
| Formal social control | Religion |
| Feature of family | Prison |
Answer:
| A | B |
| Informal social control | Religion |
| Secondary group | Football team |
| Formal social control | Prison |
| Feature of family | Familiar people |
Question 4.
What do you mean by social group?
Answer:
Social group is formed when two or more people who communicate to each other di- rectly or indirectly and work together for some goals come together.
Question 5.
Point out the features of family as a social group.
Answer:
- Small group
- Familiar people
- Elevated group consciousness
- Common ways of acting
- Satisfies the needs of the members
- Influences personality
Question 6.
Observe the following pictures.
Answer:
Point out any two differences between these two social groups.
Picture 1
• Same age of group (Peer group)
• Informal relationship
Picture 2
Group to satisfy some special needs
• Formal relationship
Question 7.
Which are the social groups in and around your neighborhood? Discuss and prepare a list, Write down their objectives against each one of them.
Answer:
| Family | Bringing up children, satisfaction of primary needs. |
| Sports club | Promoting interest in sports, conducting sports competitions. |
| Library | Promoting reading habits among members |
| Residence association | Protects common interests of familier in a locality. |
Question 8.
Social groups are classified into two on the basis of the strength of membership. Which are they?
Answer:
Primary group
Secondary group.
Question 9.
What is a primary group?
Answer:
Primary group is composed of a small group of people with intimate relationship, face- to-face interaction and mutual co-operation.
Question 10.
What are the characteristics of primary groups?
Answer:
- Members know each other.
- Intimacy among the members.
- Continuous communication among the members.
- Welfare of members is the major aim.
- Mutual cooperation among the members.
Question 11.
What are secondary groups?
Answer:
On the other hands secondary groups have more members than the primary of groups. There is formal relationship among the mem- bers. Secondary groups are formed to sat- isfy the common needs of the members. At the same time, personal usefulness is the basis of membership in these groups. Some secondary groups cease to exist once the objectives are satisfied.
Question 12.
Give examples of secondary group.
Answer:
Clubs
football
Question 13.
Prepare a list of services/uses of secondary groups.
Answer:
- Promote companionship
- Train behaviour patterns
- Promote coexistence
- Promote social values
- Ensure cooperation
Question 14.
What do you mean by social control?
Answer:
If peace and happiness is to be sustained in society, all the members should obey the norms and laws formed by the society. It is not possible to ensure social security with- out obeying the laws of the society. The pressure and interventions exerted by each social group over its members in order to ensure and sustain a safe environment is called social control.
Question 15.
Examine the features of social control.
Answer:
- In every society there are certain commonly accepted standards of behaviour.
- Society establishes suitable social institutions for the regulation of behaviour and socialisation of its members.
- Social control is formally implemented through the systems such as police, court, prison and military.
- Society has institutions and systems to control, prevent or punish those who do not adhere to social control.
Question 16.
How is social control carried out?
Answer:
Social control is ensured not through conviction and punishment alone. Society recognizes and respects those who achieve success through legally accepted ways.
Question 17.
How does society deal with those who violate the laws?
Answer:
Police make the law breakers pay fine or produce them before the court. The convicted are sentenced after the trial in the court. Prison is the formal system established for implementing the sentence. Prison authorities implement the judgement of the court. Children’s homes and rehabilitation centers are the government systems established to bring back juveniles who commit crimes to the right path.
Question 18.
Prepare a flow chart showing means of social control.
Answer:
Question 19.
Prepare a note on informal social control.
Answer:
Informal Social Control
These are not legally recorded ways of social control. Customs, folkways, beliefs and traditions are the informal means of social control. Violation of these will not lead to formal punishment. Such people are disgraced, isolated or excommunicated from the society. Informal social control is implemented through the primary social groups like family, religion and peer group.
Question 20.
What do you mean by social deviance?
Answer:
Violation of the values, falkways, morals and laws that are accepted by the majority members of the society is called social deviance.
Question 21.
What happens when social deviance take place?
Answer:
When social deviance takes place in large scales, it may lead to social disorganisation in such a way as to question the very exist- ence of the society. Perceptions of societies about social devi- ance may vary according to time and social circumstances. Tribal communities.
Question 22.
Discuss the emergence and means of for- mal social control.
Answer:
Social control was done effectively through informal means among tribals and traditional societies. As societies developed in an unprecedented way and became complex by absorbing pluralities, methods of social control also under went changes. Formal systems came into existence. Today, constitution, laws, education and official institutions have become unavoidable constituents of social control.
Question 23.
Prepare a flow chart showing social groups and social control.
Answer:
Std 8 Social Science Social Groups and Social Control Notes
- Social groups are essential in our life.
- A social group is formed when two or more people who communicate to each other directly or indirectly and work together for some goals come together.
- Family is a social group.
- Many social groups exist for satisfying the primary and other needs of individuals.
- Clubs and voluntary service organizations are groups that work for some specific needs.
- Social groups are classified into primary group and secondary group.
- Primary group is composed of a small group of people with intimate relationship, face-to-face interaction and mutual cooperation.
- Secondary groups are formed to satisfy the common needs of the members.
- The influence and use of social groups in our life is significant.
- Social groups impose certain restrictions on the behaviour and thoughts of individuals.
- Social pressure is exercised on individuals in everyday life through different ways.
- If peace and happiness is to be sustained in society, all the members should obey the norms and laws formed by the society. It is not possible to ensure social security without obeying the laws of the society.
- It is not possible to ensure social security without obeying the laws of the society.
- The pressure and interventions exerted by each social group over its members in order to ensure and sustain a safe environment is caused social control.
- Society adopts different methods and systems to systematize and control the behavioural pattern of its members.
- Social control creates a situation that all can benefit.
- Social control is ensured not through conviction and punishment.
- Social control can be classified in to informed social control and formed social control.
- Informed social control are not legally recorded ways of social control.
- Civilized societies use formed social control methods for social control.
- When social deviance takes place in large scales, it may lead to social disorganization in such a way as to question the very existence of the society.
- Perceptions of societies about social deviance may vary according to time and social circumstances.
- As societies developed in an un- precedented way and became complex by absorbing pluralities, methods of social control also underwent changes.
- Today constitution, laws education and official institutions have become unavoidable constituents of social control.