Parents often use SCERT Class 10 English Solutions Unit 1 Chapter 3 Friends, Romans, Countrymen Questions and Answers Activities Notes Pdf to assist their kids with homework.
Class 10 English Friends, Romans, Countrymen Question Answer Notes Kerala Syllabus
Std 10 English Friends, Romans, Countrymen Question Answer
10th Class English Friends, Romans, Countrymen Question Answer – Let’s rewind and rejoice
Question 1.
What is the occasion of Mark Antony’s speech?
മാർക്ക് ആന്റണിയുടെ പ്രസംഗത്തിന്റെ സന്ദർഭം എന്താണ്?
Answer:
The occasion of Mark Antony’s speech is the assassination of Julius Caesar by Brutus and other conspirators.
ബ്രൂട്ടസും മറ്റ് ഗൂഢാലോചനക്കാരും ജൂലിയസ് സീസറിനെ കൊലപ്പെടുത്തിയതാണ് മാർക്ക് ആന്റണി യുടെ പ്രസംഗത്തിന്റെ സന്ദർഭം
Question 2.
What is the purpose of the speech?
പ്രസംഗത്തിന്റെ ഉദ്ദേശ്യം എന്താണ്?
Answer:
The purpose of the speech is to convince the crowd that Caesar was a good ruler and Brutus and the other conspirators committed a great crime in killing such a great man.
സീസർ ഒരു നല്ല ഭരണാധികാരിയായിരുന്നുവെന്നും ബ്രൂട്ടസും മറ്റ് ഗൂഢാലോചനക്കാരും ഇത്രയും വലിയ ഒരു മനുഷ്യനെ കൊലപ്പെടുത്തിയതിലൂടെ വലിയ കുറ്റകൃത്യം ചെയ്തുവെന്നും ജനക്കൂട്ടത്തെ ബോധ്യപ്പെടുത്തുക എന്നതാണ് പ്രസംഗത്തിന്റെ ഉദ്ദേശ്യം
Question 3.
How does Antony use rhetoric to manipulate the crowd?
ജനക്കൂട്ടത്തെ സ്വാധീനിക്കാൻ ആന്റെണി എന്തെല്ലാം പ്രസംഗചാതുരികളാണ് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നത്?
Answer:
Antony uses rhetorical devices like irony, interrogation, repetition, voice modulation, and gestures to manipulate the crowd.
ജനക്കൂട്ടത്തെ സ്വാധീനിക്കാൻ ചെയ്യാൻ ആന്റണി വിരോധാഭാസം, ചോദ്യം ചെയ്യൽ, ആവർത്തനം, ശബ്ദമോഡുലേഷൻ, ആംഗ്യങ്ങൾ തുടങ്ങിയവ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.
Question 4.
What does the repetition of the line ‘Brutus is an honourable man’ suggest?
“ബ്രൂട്ടസ് ഒരു മാന്യനാണ്’ എന്ന വരിയുടെ ആവർത്തനം എന്താണ് സൂചിപ്പിക്കുന്നത്?
Answer:
The repetition of the line ‘Brutus is an honourable man’ suggests that Brutus is not at all an honourable man and whatever he said in his speech was contrary to the actual facts.
“ബ്രൂട്ടസ് ഒരു മാന്യനാണ് എന്ന വരിയുടെ ആവർത്തനം സൂചിപ്പിക്കുന്നത് ബ്രൂട്ടസ് ഒരു മാന്യനല്ലെന്നും അദ്ദേഹം പ്രസംഗത്തിൽ പറഞ്ഞ കാര്യങ്ങൾ യഥാർത്ഥ വസ്തുതകൾക്ക് വിരുദ്ധമാണെന്നും ആണ്.
Question 5.
How does Mark Antony’s speech reveal his own character and motives?
മാർക്ക് ആന്റണിയുടെ പ്രസംഗം അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ സ്വന്തം സ്വഭാവത്തെയും ഉദ്ദേശ്യങ്ങളെയും എങ്ങനെ വെളിപ്പെടുത്തുന്നു?
Answer:
Mark Antony’s speech reveals that he is a courageous man who is determined to punish the killers of his friend Caesar. He is a good friend of Caesar and he wants to avenge Caesar’s death. His main motive is to take revenge on the killers of his friend.
തന്റെ സുഹൃത്ത് സീസറിന്റെ കൊലയാളികളെ ശിക്ഷിക്കാൻ ദൃഢനിശ്ചയം ചെയ്ത ധീരനായ ഒരു മനു ഷ്യനാണ് മാർക്ക് ആന്റണിയെന്നാണ് അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ പ്രസംഗം വെളിപ്പെടുത്തുന്നത്. അദ്ദേഹം സീസ റിന്റെ ഒരു നല്ല സുഹൃത്താണ്. അദ്ദേഹം സീസറിന്റെ മരണത്തിന് പ്രതികാരം ചെയ്യാൻ ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നു. തന്റെ സുഹൃത്തിന്റെ കൊലയാളികളോട് പ്രതികാരം ചെയ്യുക എന്നതാണ് അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ പ്രധാന ലക്ഷ്യം
Question 6.
What impact does Antony’s speech have on the crowd?
ആന്റണിയുടെ പ്രസംഗം ജനക്കൂട്ടത്തിൽ എന്ത് സ്വാധീനം ചെലുത്തുന്നു?
Answer:
Antony’s speech makes the crowd angry against Brutus and the other conspirators who killed Caesar. Realizing the crowd is turning again them, Brutus and the other conspirators flee from the place. Later they are killed in battle.
ആന്റണിയുടെ പ്രസംഗം ബ്രൂട്ടസിനോടും സീസറിനെ കൊന്ന മറ്റ് ഗൂഢാലോചനക്കാരോടും എതിരായി ജനക്കൂട്ടത്തെ രോഷകുലരാക്കുന്നു. ജനക്കൂട്ടത്തിന്റെ രോഷം തങ്ങളിലേക്ക് മാറുകയാണെന്ന് മനസ്സിലാ ക്കിയ ബ്രൂട്ടസും മറ്റ് ഗൂഢാലോചനക്കാരും സ്ഥലം വിട്ടുപോകുന്നു. പിന്നീട് അവർ യുദ്ധത്തിൽ കൊല്ല പ്പെടുന്നു.
Question 7.
What are the literary devices you notice in the speech? Mention any two.
പ്രസംഗത്തിൽ നിങ്ങൾ ശ്രദ്ധിക്കുന്ന സാഹിത്യ ഉപാധികൾ ഏതൊക്കെയാണ്? ഏതെങ്കിലും രണ്ടെണ്ണം പരാമർശിക്കുക.
Answer:
Two of the many literary devices I notice in the speech are Repetition and Irony.
പ്രസംഗത്തിൽ ഞാൻ ശ്രദ്ധിക്കുന്ന നിരവധി സാഹിത്യ ഉപാധികളിൽ രണ്ടെണ്ണം ആവർത്തനവും വിരോ ധാഭാസവുമാണ്.
Friends, Romans, Countrymen Activities
10th Std English Friends, Romans, Countrymen Question Answer Notes – Let’s appreciate
Activity 1
What a beautiful day!
Did you notice a mismatch between the image and the caption? Record your observation below.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
What is the idea conveyed in the line given below?
‘And Brutus is an honourable man.’
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Verbal irony : The use of words to mean something different from what is said (usually the opposite).
Apart from verbal irony, there are many other poetic devices in the speech which enhance its appeal. Pick out instances of the following from the speech.
- How do they enhance the effect of the speech?
- You may also write examples of your own.
Analyse Mark Antony’s use of rhetorical devices (techniques an author or speaker uses to convey meaning, and to persuade others) in his speech, and observe how these help him manipulate the crowd’s emotions. Now, prepare an appreciation of the speech.
Answer:
There is definitely a mismatch between the image and the caption. The image shows it is a rainy day and there is wind and it is gloomy. But the caption says “What a beautiful day!”
The idea conveyed in the line is “Brutus is not at all an honourable man”. This is a good example of verbal irony. The speaker says something but he means the opposite.
Apart from verbal irony, there are many other poetic devices in the speech which enhance its appeal. Pick out instances of the following from the speech:
An appreciation of the speech:
Mark Antony’s speech, appearing in the play “Julius Caesar” by William Shakespeare is considered to be an ideal example of a powerful speech in which you transform the attitude of the audience. Mark Antony is Caesar’s friend. Caesar is assassinated by Brutus and some other conspirators. First, Brutus makes a brief but effective speech explaining the reasons for killing Caesar. The Romans seem to be convinced that Caesar deserved death and Brutus and the other conspirators did the right thing by killing Caesar to save democracy. Then comes Mark Antony, Caesar’s friend. Mark Antony seeks Brutus’ permission to make a funeral speech. Brutus agrees. Antony’s masterful oration manipulates the emotions of the crowd. By using his oratorical skills which include repetition, metaphor, alliteration, irony, hyperbole, rhetorical questions, voice modulation, facial expressions and gesture, Mark Antony persuades the mob to believe that Brutus and the other conspirators had selfish motives in killing Caesar. He shows them Caesar was a very good man who worked for the welfare of the Romans. The attitude of the crowd changes and now the infuriated mob wants to take revenge on the murderers of Caesar. The speech of Mark Antony brings about the change in their attitude.
Activity 2
“Friends, Romans, Countrymen…” is one of the most powerful and influential speeches in history and literature. The English club of your school plans to stage the oration. Let’s attempt a speech choir.
Speech choirs make use of gestures and vocalisation.
Can you list the other features of a choir?
Let’s watch the video of the well known speech “I Have a Dream,” by Martin Luther King Jr.
| I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory shall be revealed, and all shall see the glory together.
This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. |
Note your observations on the following features of the speech.
Now, read the excerpt aloud giving emphasis to these features.
Prepare the speech choir script of “Friends, Romans, Countrymen…” and enjoy performing it in class.
Answer:
A speech choir is a performance art where a group recites speeches, poems, or other literary works in unison. The aim is to bring the text to life through dynamic vocal delivery and coordinated movement.
Speech choirs make use of gestures and vocalization. The other important features of a speech choir are: Gestures and Clear Communication.
After watching the video of the well known speech “I Have a Dream” by Martin Luther King Jr., make your observations on the following features of the speech.
Gestures: He uses both his hands very effectively to impress the crowd.
Facial Expressions: He shows sadness and joy with his fine facial expressions.
Voice Modulation: He uses his voice very effectively. At times it is soft but at times it is loud and this modulation swings the mood of the people also.
The performance is to be done practically in the class.
10th English Friends, Romans, Countrymen Question Answer – Let’s Play with Words
Read the given sentence carefully.
I had long been racking my brains for some way of showing him my gratitude.
What do you think is the meaning of the above image and caption?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
The picture gives you an idea about the meaning of the idiomatic expression ‘rack one’s brains’. It means ‘to make a great effort to think of, or remember something’.
Guess the idiom.
Can you now visualise the following idioms and make sentences with each of them?
- Hold your tongue
- Spill the beans
- A piece of cake
- The icing on the cake
Create an Idiom Pictionary and enjoy using the idioms you have collected.
You may use this template:
Answer:
“Rack your brains” means ‘to think hard’.
Hold your tongue – remain silent
When you are not sure of something, it is better to hold your tongue.
Spill the beans – reveal secret information unintentionally or indiscreetly
I told my friend George the name of my girlfriend and asked him to keep it a secret; but he spilled the beans and now everyone knows about it.
A piece of cake – something easy to do
The assignment the teacher gave us for this week is a piece of cake.
The icing on the cake – something positive that enhances a situation that’s already good.
He was delighted to get a new job, but having his best friend as his boss was just the icing on the cake.
Create an idiom dictionary using the template given.
Here are some idioms you may use:
1. beat around the bush
2. kill two birds with a stone
3. back against the wall
4. up in arms
5. sell like hot cakes
6. run around in circles
7. on cloud nine
8. blow hot and cold
9. cut corners
10. boil the ocean
Activity 2
Read the following sentence from ‘In the Attic.’
‘I played Chopin’s Nocturne in C sharp minor.’
Let’s listen to nocturnes by the renowned composers Frederic Chopin and John Field.
Music evokes in us a range of emotions. Did the nocturnes you just listened to evoke in you any memory or association?You may use the space below to write a few words about it.
Chopin composed 21 nocturnes between 1827 and 1846. These are often considered to be among the finest short solo piano compositions.
Wladyslaw Szpilman played this music in his last live broadcast for Polish Radio.
Answer:
Listen to nocturnes by renowned composers Frederick Chopin and John Field.
I listened to Nocturne 9 of Frederick Chopin. It aroused nostalgic memories in me. I thought about my childhood when I used to play with my friends. Running around with them, climbing trees, swimming in the nearby stream, sharing sweets with them and sometimes even fighting with them for silly reasons came back to my mind. Now we are grown up and in Class X and some of them have gone away to other places. But I can distinctly see them in my mind as I listen to the Nocturne 9 of Chopin.
Activity 3
Pelayo also set up a rabbit warren.
Guess the meaning of the above sentence.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
The words given in italics are phrasal verbs.
Here is a list of phrasal verbs that are used with the preposition ‘up’.
a. Match the phrasal verbs with their meaning.
Answer:
set up = construct, put up, start
1. bring up → to look after a child until it grows up
2. speak up → to speak more loudly, or express one’s opinion frankly
3. give up → to stop making an effort
4. call up → to summon someone or contact someone over the phone
5. turn up → to arrive or appear
6. look up → to find or search
b. Let’s play charades:
Write down some phrc. asal verbs on slips of paper and fold them up. Place them in a bowl.
- You may each pick a slip of paper and act out the phrasal verb written on it.
- The one who first guesses the phrasal verb being enacted will be the next in line.
Answer:
Let’s play charades: (to be practically done in the class)
c. Fill in the blanks with appropriate phrasal verbs chosen from the box (p. 37):
A large number of curious onlookers …………………at Pelayo’s house to catch a glimpse of the mysterious old man with enormous wings. They ……………. stories about him and annoyed him by throwing stones and pieces of food at him. They did everything they could to make the man …………… . As the old man showed no interest, they ………………the idea, and left. Look up the dictionary and make a list of phrasal verbs beginning with ‘get’ and note their meanings.
Answer:
A large number of curious onlookers turned up at Pelayo’s house to catch a glimpse of the mysterious old man with enormous wings. They made up stories about him and annoyed him by throwing stones and pieces of food at him. They did everything they could to make the man get up. As the old man showed no interest, they gave up the idea and left.
Phrasal verbs with get:
1. get across = go from one side to another; to communicate an idea clearly.
2. get along = to have a good relationship with a person.
3. get around = manage to go places physically; complete a difficult task
4. get away = escape.
5. get away with = do something wrong or bad, but you escape the consequences.
6. get back = return
7. get back at someone = get revenge
8. Get behind = fail to accomplish an expected schedule; support
9. Get by = survive:
10. Get down = move down physically; become sad or depressed.
11. get in = manage to go inside; arrive
12. get into = admitted; interested or involved in something
13. get off = physically leaving a bus or train; leave work
14. get on/get get on to = enter a bus or train
15. get on with = proceed with that activity, often after a delay or interruption.
16. get out = leave a place, or remove something from a place:
17. get over = recover; relieve
18. get through = finish something difficult:
19. get to = arrive; do something special; irritate
20. get up = wake up; stand up
10th Standard English Friends, Romans, Countrymen Question Answer Notes – Let’s analyse:
a. Look at the use of ‘should’ and ‘must’ in the above statements.
What do you think the words convey?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
In the fist statement, the soldier instructs the pianist to hide in the loft. The second is a strong recommendation to remain hopeful.
Answer:
Use of “should” and “must”.
You should hide in the loft. – Should is used to give an instruction
You must hang on, do you hear? – Must is used for giving a strong recommendation.
b. Now, how would you advise the pianist, given his situation? Use should, should not, must and must not.
e.g. You must keep yourself warm.
…………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………….
Answer:
You must keep yourself warm.
You must not make any noise.
You should be careful.
You should not move out of the loft.
C. Read this conversation between the German offier and the pianist.
Offier : You should be careful. Stay in the loft as long as you can.
Pianist : Yes sir. But I’d like to know why you are so kind to me.
Offier : I feel I ought to have helped more people. It could have made a great difference.
Pianist : You may not think so, but you are doing it now, sir.
Offier : Yes, I understand. But I still think you should leave Warsaw as soon as possible.
Pianist : I would, if I get a chance. But for the moment, I must hide.
Offier : I’ll try to fid you a way out. You must trust me, do you hear?
Pianist : Could you get me something to eat?
Offier : I will, certainly. You must stay in the loft until I come.
Pianist : Thank you, Offier.
Offier : You’re welcome. Stay safe.
Now, pick out the statements from the conversation above that denote the following functions.
Answer:
Moral obligation : I feel I ought to have helped more people.
Intention/future action : I will try to find you a way out.
Obligation/Necessity : Stay in the loft as long as you can. But for the moment I must hide. You must stay in the loft until I come.
Ability : I will certainly.
Modals: The verbs can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might, must and ought are modal auxiliary verbs (modals). They express states of mind such as possibility, ability, obligation, prediction, permission, necessity etc.
d. Read and complete the following conversation between Pelayo and Elisenda from
‘A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings.’
Pelayo : We ……………..(should/might) try to help the old man.
Elisenda : That’s right. ……………(will/ may) you help me clean his wings?
Pelayo : Of course, we ………..(ought to/can) be careful. We ……….(must/could)
not hurt the old man.
Elisenda : ………..(should/will) we keep him indoors? He might fl away.
Pelayo : He …………..(can’t/shouldn’t) fl. He must wait till he heals.
Answer:
Pelayo : We should try to help the old man.
Elisenda : That’s right. Will you help me clean his wings?
Pelayo : Of course, we ought to be careful. We must not hurt the old man.
Elisenda : Should we keep him indoors? He might fly away.
Pelayo : He can’t fly. He must wait till he heals.
Activity 2
a. Read the sentence given below:
Elisenda bought some pumps with heels, and many dresses of silk.
Now, read the sentence again.
Elisenda bought some satin pumps with high heels, and many dresses of iridescent silk.
What changes do you notice in the second sentence?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Given below are a few phrases from the story. Underline the words similar to the ones in the above example.
Can you identify the function of the underlined words? What do they tell us about the nouns?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Make similar phrases, creating pairs from the words given in the box below, and complete the sentences. One has been done for you.
1. Did you hear any unusual noise?
2. Pelayo took ………………………….to pull the old man out of the mud.
3. The ………………………….played with the old man.
4. The ……………………………..flcked to Pelayo’s house.
5. People came to see the old man with……………………….
Answer:
unfortunate, captive, senile, and supernatural.
They all qualify the nouns, by adding more information about them.
Complete the sentences with phrases made from the words in the box.
1. Did you hear any unusual noise?
2. Pelayo took tremendous effort to pull the old man out of the mud.
3. The happy child played with the old man.
4. The enthusiastic crowd flocked to Pelayo’s house.
5. People came to see the old man with enormous wings.
You might have visited a picnic spot recently. Describe your experience. Use as many adjectives of quality as possible in your description. (To be done by each student.)
b. Read the sentences below. Look at the words highlighted.
How are they used in the sentences?
- Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude is an enormously successful novel.
- The weather was unusually calm.
- The hike offered a tremendously breathtaking view of the hill and the valley.
To form most adverbs of manner in English, we add -‘ly’ to the adjective.
Fill in the blanks choosing from the options given.
He could ………….. (scarce/scarcely) eat, and his eyes had also become so foggy that he went about bumping into posts. Pelayo ……….. (gentle/gently) threw a blanket over him and let him sleep in the shed. Only then did they notice that he had an ………. (extreme/extremely) high temperature at night. They thought he was going to die. And yet he …………. (miraculous/miraculously) survived.
Answer:
He could scarcely eat, and his eyes had also become so foggy that he went about bumping into posts. Pelayo gently threw a blanket over him and let him sleep in the shed. Only then did they notice that he had an extremely high temperature at night. They thought he was going to die. And yet he miraculously survived.
Adverbs help to add details and precision to language.
Complete each sentence using appropriate forms of words given in the box. One has been done for you.
1. John was a quick learner and he quickly grasped the complex concepts.
2. The chef ……………….. prepared the delicate dish, using ………..measurements.
3. The …………….. summer day ended …………with a stunning sunset.
4. Mary is a …………… person who laughs …………….. when spending time with friends.
5. The …………… host greeted her guests …………, hoping everything would go smoothly.
Answer:
1. John was a quick learner and he quickly grasped the complex concepts.
2. The chef carefully prepared the delicate dish, using perfect measurements.
3. The happy summer day ended perfectly with a stunning sunset.
4. Mary is a nervous person who laughs nervously when spending time with friends.
5. The happy host greeted her guests happily, hoping everything would go smoothly.
Friends, Romans, Countrymen Questions and Answers – Let’s Converse:
Activity 1
Look at the picture.
- Have you seen such signs on the road?
- How do they help the traveller?
- What are they called?
Unscramble the jumble and find the word.
How does it help us?
Answer:
Have you seen such signs on the road?
Yes, I have.
How do they help travellers?
They help travellers by telling them the direction they have to take to reach their destination.
What are they called?
They are called Direction Signs.
Unscramble the jumble and find the word:
OGPITSSN can be SPOTSING, SONGTIPS, SPITSONG or SONGSPIT
Now, read the passages given below and identify the differences in their flow of ideas.
A. Mark Antony begins his eulogy, cleverly stating that he has no intention of praising Caesar. He highlights Caesar’s generosity and kindness to the people of Rome. He slyly turns the tables on the conspirators, questioning their motives and loyalty. The crowd’s emotions quickly shift from calm to anger and outrage. Antony plainly exposes the conspirators’ treachery. The crowd becomes furious, demanding justice. Antony’s masterful oration succeeds in expertly stirring the Romans to avenge the murder.
B. Mark Antony begins his eulogy cleverly stating that he has no intention of praising Caesar. Then he highlights Caesar’s generosity and kindness to the people of Rome. Next, he slyly turns the tables on the conspirators, questioning their motives and loyalty. Meanwhile, the crowd’s emotions quickly shift from calm to anger and outrage. Following this, Antony plainly exposes the conspirators’ treachery. Consequently, the crowd becomes furious, demanding justice. Finally, Antony’s masterful oration succeeds in expertly stirring the Romans to avenge the murder.
Pick out the words from the passage that give it clarity, and help to connect ideas and events.
………..………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:
Then, Next, Meanwhile, Following this, Consequently, Finally
These are known as signposting expressions or linkers.
Now, compare the flw of ideas in passage A and passage B. How does the use of linkers in Passage B improve the coherence and flow of information?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Match the linkers to their functions in the following table.
Answer:
These words are called signposting expressions or linkers.
Match the linkers to their functions shown.
| Linkers | Functions |
| then | Sequence |
| next | Order |
| meanwhile | simultaneous events |
| following | Consequence |
| consequently | cause-effect |
| finally | indicates the conclusion |
Fill in the blanks with appropriate signposting expressions choosing from those given in brackets.
1. Pelayo dragged the old man away from the mud and ………. locked him up in the chicken coop. (also/then/soon)
2. Elisenda was burdened with work ………… the arrival of the crowd to see the very old man. (afterwards/ following/additionally)
3. …………. the old man was just an imaginary dot on the horizon of the sea. (however/therefore/finally)
Answer:
1. Pelayo dragged the old man away from the mud and then locked him up in the chicken coop.
2. Elisenda was burdened with work following the arrival of the crowd to see the very old man.
3. Finally, the old man was just an imaginary dot on the horizon of the sea.
Class 10 English Friends, Romans, Countrymen Question Answer – Let’s team up (Group Project)
The passages in this unit introduced a number of social issues relevant to our world today.
This has sensitised us to the need to uphold certain essential values of life.
Shall we make a list of the values we would need to develop?
Why are these values important? Let’s form groups and discuss.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
World Values Day is celebrated on 17 October every year to raise awareness on the practice of values around the world. Let’s organise a Values Fair to promote greater understanding, and to encourage people to reflct on the values that are most important in life.
You may set up stalls representing different values such as kindness, appreciation, friendship, etc. Each stall can present a bouquet of activities, games and quizzes centring around the values it seeks to promote.
Now, prepare a script for a skit based on these values. Let the values such as kindness, gratitude etc., be the characters in the skit. Present the skit in your class.
Answer:
To be done in the class.
Friends, Romans, Countrymen Extra Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Who was Mark Antony and why did he want to make the funeral speech?
Answer:
Mark Antony was a friend of Julius Caesar. He wanted to make the funeral speech because he wanted to change the attitude of the people towards Caesar and take revenge on Caesar’s murderers.
Question 2.
In his speech Mark Antony said, “Caesar brought many prisoners to Rome and with the ransoms he got, he filled the public treasury.” By saying this, what was Mark Antony trying to prove?
Answer:
By saying this, Mark Antony was trying to prove that Caesar was not a greedy man and whatever he did was for the welfare of the people.
Question 3.
What happened on the Lupercal between Mark Antony and Caesar?
Answer:
On Lupercal, Mark Antony offered Caesar the kingly crown three times but he refused it all the three times showing that he was not ambitious.
Question 4.
Mark Antony pauses for a long time towards the end of his speech. What reasons does he give for that?
Answer:
The reason Mark Antony gave was that his heart had gone to the coffin of Caesar and he had to pause.
Question 5.
What was the result of Mark Antony’s speech?
Answer:
Mark Antony’s speech changed the attitude of the people. Brutus had convinced the people that Caesar was an ambitious man and he wanted to rule Rome as a despot. But when Mark Antony spoke people knew that Brutus was a liar and in the end we see Brutus and the other conspirators getting killed in a battle.
Question 6.
Can you mention another famous speech that has impressed you?
Answer:
Another speech that impressed me greatly was the one made by John F. Kennedy. On assuming the office as President of the USA he said to the youths of America, “Ask not what the country can do for you but ask what you can do for the country.”