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Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Physics Question Paper March 2024 with Answers English Medium
Time: 1½ Hours
Total Score: 40
Instructions:
- The first 15 minutes is cool-off time.
- You may use this time to read the questions and plan your answers.
- Answer only based on instructions and questions given.
- Consider score and time while answering.
Section – A
Answer any four questions. Each question carries 1 score. (4 × 1 = 4)
Question 1.
Identify the relation in the first word pair and complete the second.
(i) Brown Energy: Coal
(ii) Green Energy: __________
Answer:
Solar energy/wind energy/energy from waves/Biomass (Write anyone)
Question 2.
If the near point of a person is 25 cm, and the far point is not infinity then his eye has ___________
(No defect, Myopia, Hypermetropia, Presbyopia)
Answer:
Myopia
Question 3.
Name the process in which the nuclei of greater mass are split into lighter nuclei.
Answer:
Nuclear fission
Question 4.
The power of a lens is +2D. Find its focal length.
Answer:
Power is given P = +2D
f = \(\frac{1}{P}\)
f = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
f = 0.5 m Or f = 50 cm
Question 5.
The work done to move a charge of 3 coulomb between the points X and Y is 12J. Then the potential difference between these points is ________
Answer:
Charge = 3C
Work done to move charge between the points X and Y = 12J
The potential difference between these points
V = \(\frac{W}{Q}\)
= \(\frac{12}{3}\)
= 4V
Section – B
Answer any four questions. Each question carries 2 scores. (4 × 2 = 8)
Question 6.
A conductor AB suspended freely between the poles of a U magnet is depicted. DC source is connected to the circuit.
(a) State the rule to find the direction of motion of the conductor AB when a current is switched on. (1)
(b) Write two methods to reverse the direction of motion of the conductor. (1)
Answer:
(a) Fleming’s left-hand rule.
(b) Reverse the direction of current.
Reverse the direction of the magnetic field.
Question 7.
A magnetic field is formed around a current-carrying conductor.
(a) Write the law to find the direction of this magnetic field. (1)
(b) Write two methods to increase the strength of the magnetic field by current-carrying conductors. (1)
Answer:
(a) Right Hand Thumb rule: If you imagine holding a current-carrying conductor in your right hand with your thumb pointing towards the direction of current, then the direction in which your fingers curl, gives the direction of the magnetic field.
(b) Increase current.
Increase the number of turns.
Question 8.
Various stages in the working of a moving coil microphone are given.
(a) Write them in the correct order. (1)
(b) What is the working principle of this microphone? (1)
Answer:
(a)
(b) Electromagnetic induction
Question 9.
The figure shows sunlight falling obliquely on a glass prism.
Copy the diagram and complete it. Mark the colors seen on the screen.
Answer:
The colors Violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red will be obtained on the screen as marked here.
Question 10.
Which material is used to make the filament of an incandescent lamp? What properties make this material suitable for this purpose?
Answer:
Tungsten.
Properties of tungsten are
- High resistivity.
- Ability to emit white light on heating.
- High melting point.
Section – C
Answer any four questions. Each question carries 3 scores. (4 × 3 = 12)
Question 11.
A student has a large number of identical 2 Ω resistors. He requires a circuit having an effective resistance of 9 Ω.
(a) What will be the minimum number of 2 Ω resistors used for this? (1)
(b) Draw the circuit diagram of this arrangement. (2)
Answer:
(a) The minimum number of 2 Ω resistors used = 6
For this Four resistors should be connected in series and two in parallel.
(Effective resistance of four resistance in series Rs = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8 Ω)
The effective resistance of two resistors in parallel = RP = 1 Ω
Effective resistance of the combination = Rs + Rs = 9 Ω)
(b)
Question 12.
Analyze the circuits and answer the following questions.
(a) “A magnetic field is developed around the solenoid only in the second circuit.” Do you agree with this statement? Explain. (1)
(b) In which circuit, a continuous emf is induced? Name and explain this phenomenon. (2)
Answer:
(a) No.
The magnetic field is developed around both solenoids. But in the first circuit, the field is steady, and that in the second circuit is varying because AC is applied in the second circuit.
(b) Circuit 2.
Self-induction: Self-induction is the phenomenon where an EMF is induced in a coil when a varying current passes through the same coil.
Question 13.
Match the following statements associated with mirrors in columns A, B, and C in the correct order.
| A | B | C |
| Mirror | Characteristics of the virtual image | Use |
| Concave mirror | Always forms a diminished image | To see the face |
| Convex mirror | The size of the image and the size of the object will be equal | Used by dentists. |
| Plane mirror | Always forms enlarged images | Used as a rear view mirror in vehicles |
Answer:
| A | B | C |
| Mirror | Characteristics of the Virtual Image | Use |
| Concave Mirror | Always forms an enlarged image | Used by dentist |
| Convex Mirror | Always forms a diminished image | Used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles |
| Plane Mirror | The size of the image and the size of the object will be equal. | To see the face |
Question 14.
Observe the diagram of an object placed on the principal axis of a convex lens.
(a) Copy down the ray diagram and complete it to show the position of the image. (2)
(b) Write the characteristics of the image obtained.
Answer:
(a)
(b) Characteristics of the image formed: Enlarged, Inverted and Real.
Question 15.
The calorific value should be considered when choosing a good fuel.
(a) What is the calorific value of a fuel? (1)
(b) What are the essential factors for the complete combustion of a fuel? (1)
(c) What are the characteristics of a good fuel? (1)
Answer:
(a) It is the heat energy liberated by the complete combustion of 1 kg of fuel.
(b) (i) Availability of sufficient oxygen.
(ii) Must be dry (for solid fuels)
(iii) Liquid fuels must evaporate easily.
(c) (i) High calorific value
(ii) Should be of low cost
(iii) Should be easily storable
(iv) Should cause minimum atmospheric pollution
Section – D
Answer any four questions. Each question carries 4 scores. (4 × 4 = 16)
Question 16.
The resistance of an electrical device designed to work at 230 V is 460 Ω.
(a) Calculate the current drawn by this device when operated at 230 V. (1)
(b) Find the rated power of the device. (1)
(c) Calculate the heat produced if this device works for 10 minutes. (2)
Answer:
(a) Current, I = \(\frac{V}{R}\)
R = 460 Ω
V = 230 V
I = \(\frac{230}{460}\) = 0.5 A
(b) Power, P = VI
= 230 × 0.5
= 115 W
(c) t = 10 minutes
= 10 × 60s
= 600 s
H = I2Rt
= 0.5 × 0.5 × 460 × 600
= 69000J
Question 17.
A transformer has 100 turns in the primary and 1000 turns in the secondary.
(a) Which coil of this transformer is made using thick wire? Give reason. (2)
(b) Explain how electrical energy is transferred from the primary to the secondary of the transformer. (2)
Answer:
(a) Primary coil is made using thick wire.
(Hint: Number oftums is less in the Primary here. So it is a step-up transformer. So thick wire is used in the primary coil)
When the thick wire is used, the resistance of the coil can be minimized. There are two benefits to this.
(i) Overheating of the coil can be prevented.
(ii) Energy loss can be minimized.
(b) It is through mutual induction power is transferred from the primary coil to the secondary coil.
When the strength or direction of the current in one of the two adjacent coils changes, the magnetic flux around it changes. As a result, an emf is induced in the secondary coil. This phenomenon is mutual induction.
Question 18.
An object is located on the principal axis of a spherical mirror at a distance of 40 cm from the pole. The magnification of the image is -4.
(a) What does the negative sign indicate? (1)
(b) How far from the pole of the mirror is the image formed? (1)
(c) Calculate the focal length of the mirror by considering the New Cartesian sign convention. (2)
Answer:
(a) The negative sign indicates that the image is inverted and real.
(b) u = -40 cm
m = -4
we know m = \(\frac{-v}{u}\)
⇒ -4 = \(\frac{-v}{-40}\)
⇒ v = 40 × (-4) =-160 cm
(c) f = \(\frac{u v}{u+v}\)
= \(\frac{-40 \times-160}{-40-160}\)
= \(\frac{6400}{-200}\)
= -32 cm
Question 19.
The critical angle of glass for air is 42°. Observe the figure and answer the questions.
(a) What do you mean by critical angle? (1)
(b) What happens to the given incident ray as it continues its path? (1)
(c) Explain the phenomenon of light that occurs here. (2)
Answer:
(a) When light travels from a medium of higher optical density to a medium of lower optical density, the angle of incidence at which the angle of refraction is 90° is called Critical angle.
(b) The ray will be reflected back to the glass.
(c) When light travels from a medium of higher optical density to a medium of lower optical density, if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, the light will be reflected back into the same medium instead of undergoing refraction. This is known as total internal reflection.
Question 20.
Give reason for each of the following.
(a) A rapidly rotating Newton’s colour disc appears white. (1)
(b) Sun appears red during sunrise and sunset. (1)
(c) A clear sky appears blue. (1)
(d) On frosty mornings the path of sunlight passing through the woods is clearly visible. (1)
Answer:
(a) It is due to persistence of vision.
(When the disc is rotated rapidly, all the rays of light from seven colours reach the retina within \(\frac{1}{16}\) s. So the disc appears white.)
(b) Red undergoes least scattering as it has higher wavelength.
(All other short wavelength colours get scattered off as it has to travel a greater distance during sunset and sunrise time and red reaches our eye.)
(c) Blue is a colour having shorter wave-length.
(So it undergoes more scattering in the atmosphere and spreads in all direction. Therefore clear sky appears blue.)
(d) It is due to tyndal effect.