Waiting for Rain Questions and Answers Activities Notes Class 9 English Kerala Syllabus

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Class 9 English Waiting for Rain Question Answer Notes Kerala Syllabus

Std 9 English Waiting for Rain Question Answer

9th Class English Waiting for Rain Question Answer – Textual Questions And Answers

a. What did the author notice about the passengers during the turbulence?
വിമാനത്തിന്റെ പുറത്ത് കാറ്റും കോളുമുണ്ടായിരുന്നപ്പോൾ എഴുത്തുകാരി യാത്രക്കാരിൽ എന്താണ് നിരീക്ഷിച്ചത്?
Answer:
They became silent.

യാത്രക്കാർ നിശബ്ദരായി

b. What were the young men from northern India seeking in Kerala?
വടക്കെ ഇന്ത്യയിൽ നിന്നുള്ള ചെറുപ്പക്കാർ കേരളത്തിൽ എന്താണ് അന്വേഷിക്കുന്നത്?
Answer:
The young men from northern India were seeking work in Kerala.

അവർ അന്വേഷിക്കുന്നത് ജോലിയാണ്.

c. Why did the turbulence make the author happy?
എന്തുകൊണ്ടാണ് വിമാനത്തിന്റെ പുറത്തെ കാറ്റും കോളും എഴുത്തുകാരിയെ സന്തോഷിപ്പിച്ചത്?
Answer:
The turbulence made the author happy because the turbulence meant there might be rain in Kerala.

കാറ്റും കോളും ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നതുകൊണ്ട് കേരളത്തിൽ മഴയുണ്ടാകുമെന്ന് വിചാരിച്ചാണവർ സന്തോഷി ച്ചത്.

d. What was the author’s primary reason for travelling to Kerala?
കേരളത്തിൽ വരുന്നതിനുള്ള എഴുത്തുകാരിയുടെ പ്രധാന ഉദ്ദേശം എന്തായിരുന്നു
Answer:
The author’s primary reason for travelling to Kerala was to renew her acquaintance with the monsoon here. In other words she wanted to enjoy the monsoon rains in Kerala.

മൺസൂണുമായിട്ടുള്ള അവരുടെ പരിചയം പുതുക്കുക എന്നതായിരുന്നു ആ വരവിന്റെ ഉദ്ദേശം

e. Who did the author call every day? What was the query?
ആരെയാണ് എഴുത്തുകാരി വിളിച്ചുകൊണ്ടിരുന്നത്? എന്തായിരുന്നു അവരുടെ ചോദ്യം?
Answer:
The author called her parents every day. The query was: “Is it raining there?”

എന്നും എഴുത്തുകാരി തന്റെ മാതാപിതാക്കളെയാണ് വിളിച്ചുകൊണ്ടിരുന്നത്. കേരളത്തിൽ മഴ പെയ്യുന്നുണ്ടോ എന്നതായിരുന്നു ചോദ്യം.

f. Why was the first day of the month Karkatakam a disappointment for the villagers?
എന്തുകൊണ്ടാണ് കർക്കിടമാസത്തിന്റെ ആദ്യദിവസം ഗ്രാമീണർ നിരാശപ്പെട്ടത്?
Answer:
The first day of the month Karkatakam was a disappointment for the villagers because normally it rains very heavily on that day. The rains would be so heavy that it would look as if the end of the world is near. But this time they had only a very a light drizzle.

സാധാരണ ഗതിയിൽ കർക്കിട മാസം ഒന്നാം തീയതി കേരളത്തിൽ വലിയ തോതിൽ മഴ പെയ്യുമായി രുന്നു. മഴയുടെ ശക്തി അതികഠിനമായിരിക്കും. ലോകാവസാനമാണോ എന്നുവരെ തോന്നിപ്പിക്കുന്ന വിധത്തിലാണ് അന്നത്തെ മഴ. പക്ഷേ ഇത്തവണ ഒരു ചെറിയ ചാറ്റൽ മഴ മാത്രമേ ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നുള്ളു.

g. Where did the author expect to celebrate the onset of the monsoon?
മൺസൂണിന്റെ തുടക്കം എവിടെ ആഘോഷിക്കണം എന്നായിരുന്നു എഴുത്തുകാരിയുടെ പ്രതീക്ഷ
Answer:
The author expected to celebrate the onset of the monsoon at Mundakkattukurissi, her village in Kerala, where her parents lived.

തന്റെ ഗ്രാമമായ മുണ്ടക്കാട്ടുകുറിശിയിലിരുന്ന് ആഘോഷിക്കണം എന്നായിരുന്നു. അവിടെയാണ് അവ രുടെ മാതാപിതാക്കൾ താമസിച്ചിരുന്നത്.

h. What, according to the author, is the impact of building concrete structures and cutting down trees on water resources?
എഴുത്തുകാരിയുടെ അഭിപ്രായത്തിൽ വലിയ കോൺക്രീറ്റ് നിർമ്മിതികളും മരങ്ങൾ വെട്ടിക്കളയു ന്നതും ജലസ്രോതസ്സുകളിൽ എന്ത് ഫലമാണുണ്ടാക്കുക
Answer:
According to the author, the impact of building concrete structures and cutting down trees on water resources would be water becoming a scarce commodity. Then we will be paying for water as the writer does in Bangalore. She has to pay Rs. 400 for a small tanker of water to supplement the trickle sourced from the community bore-well.

അത്തരം കാര്യങ്ങളെല്ലാം വെള്ളത്തിന്റെ ലഭ്യത കുറക്കും. എഴുത്തുകാരി ബാംഗ്ലൂരിൽ വലിയ വില കൊടുത്ത് വെള്ളം വാങ്ങുന്നതുപോലെ കേരളത്തിലും വെള്ളം വാങ്ങേണ്ടി വരും. എഴുത്തുകാരിക്ക് കമ്മ്യൂണിറ്റി ബോർവെല്ലിൽ നിന്നും കിട്ടുന്ന ഇറ്റിറ്റ് വരുന്ന വെള്ളം തികയാഞ്ഞത് കൊണ്ട് ചെറിയ ഒരു ടാങ്കർ വെള്ളത്തിന് 400 രൂപ കൊടുത്താണ് അവർ വെള്ളം വാങ്ങുന്നത്.

i. Who does the author compare the monsoon to in terms of anticipation and disappointment?
പ്രതീക്ഷയിലും നിരാശയിലും ആരുമായിട്ടാണ് മൺസൂണിനെ എഴുത്തുകാരി താരതമ്യപ്പെടുത്തു ന്നത്?
Answer:
The author compares the monsoon in terms of anticipation and disappointment to the much-awaited visit by a rich relative that turns into a joyless anticlimax.

വളരെ പ്രതീക്ഷയോടെ കാത്തിരുന്ന ധനികനായ ഒരു ബന്ധുവിന്റെ വരവും നിരാശപ്പെടുത്തിയുള്ള അയാളുടെ തിരിച്ചു പോക്കുമായിട്ടാണ് മൺസൂണിനെ കവി താരതമ്യപ്പെടുത്തുന്നത്.

j. What did the author’s uncle accuse the monsoon of, in the passage?
ഈ ലേഖനത്തിൽ എങ്ങിനെയാണ് എഴുത്തുകാരിയുടെ അമ്മാവൻ മൺസൂണിനെ കുറ്റപ്പെടുത്തു ന്നത്?
Answer:
In the passage the author’s uncle accuses the monsoon of “kaati-kooti poova”, which means monsoon is just making a show without performing its duty properly. There are grey skies, rumbling thunder and stillness in the air, but no rain.

എന്തോക്കെയോ കാട്ടിക്കൂട്ടി പോകുകയാണ് എന്ന് പറഞ്ഞാണ് അമ്മാവൻ മൺസൂണിനെ കുറ്റപ്പെടു ത്തിയത്. അതിനർത്ഥം ഒന്ന് മുഖം കാണിച്ചെങ്കിലും മൺസൂൺ അതിന്റെ കടമ ശരിയായി നിർവഹി ച്ചില്ല എന്നാണ്. മൂടിയ ആകാശവും ഇടിമുഴക്കത്തിന്റെ ഉരുളുന്ന ശബ്ദവും നിശ്ചലമായ അന്തരീക്ഷവും ഉണ്ട്. പക്ഷേ മഴയില്ല.

k. When did the author finally hear the sound of rain?
അവസാനം എപ്പോഴാണ് എഴുത്തുകാരി മഴയുടെ ശബ്ദം കേട്ടത്?
Answer:
The author finally heard the sound of rain at 2.00 am.

വെളുപ്പിന് രണ്ടു മണിക്ക്

l. How does the author describe the sound and feeling of rain?
മഴയുടെ ശബ്ദവും അതിന്റെ അനുഭൂതിയും എങ്ങിനെയാണ് എഴുത്തുകാരി വിവരിക്കുന്നത്?
Answer:
The author describes the sound and feeling of rain by saying that it was like plain music with gamakaladen notes, with high and low decibels. There was the stately pace of vilamba kalam, the centre of the madhyama kalam and the quick trot of dhrutha kaalam. It was calling the author into its arms.

നല്ല സംഗീതം പോലെയാണ് കവി മഴയുടെ ശബ്ദത്തേയും അനുഭൂതിയേയും വിവരിക്കുന്നത്. കർണ്ണാ ടക സംഗീതത്തെ പോലുള്ള വിലംബ കാലം, മാദ്ധ്യമ കാലം, ദ്രുതകാലം എന്നിവയൊക്കെ മഴയിലുമു ണ്ടായിരുന്നു. മഴ എഴുത്തുകാരിയെ തന്റെ അടുത്തേക്ക് വിളിക്കുന്ന പോലെയാണ് കവിക്ക് തോന്നിയത്.

m. Why was the author afraid even to sigh in pleasure while watching the rain?
സന്തോഷത്തിന്റെ ഒരു നെടുവീർപ്പിടാൻ പോലും എഴുത്തുകാരിക്ക് പേടിയായിരുന്നു. എന്തുകൊണ്ട്?
Answer:
The author was afraid even to sigh in pleasure while watching the rain because she looked at rain as at a migratory bird. Even if she makes a small sound by sighing, it might frighten the bird, the rain, and it might go away.

മഴയെ എഴുത്തുകാരി ഒരു ദേശാടന പക്ഷിയായിട്ടാണ് കണ്ടത്. ഒരു ചെറിയ ശബ്ദം ഉണ്ടാക്കിയാൽ പോലും ആ പക്ഷി പേടിച്ച് പറന്നു പോകും.

9th Standard English Waiting for Rain Notes – Let’s Rewind

Question 1.
How does the author describe the behaviour of the monsoon?
Answer:
Monsoon is playing hide and seek. It should have come to Kerala in the month of June, but even after the middle of July it has not come. It is behaving like a rich relative who comes to a house which was expecting him eagerly. But then it turns into a joyless anti-climax. There are grey skies, rumbling thunder and stillness in the air, but no steady rain.

Question 2.
What did the villagers feel about the delayed monsoon?
Answer:
The villagers said that the summer drought had been intense. It has been almost two decades since they saw the well and canals dry up and the water table fall so low. Nothing is as it was. The construction of concrete monstrosities, tiling the front yards and large scale cutting down of the trees have changed the climatic conditions.

Question 3.
What emotions and sensations did the author experience when the monsoon finally arrived?
Answer:
When the monsoon finally arrived, the author was very happy. It was as if the prodigal son has found his way home. She pulled the sheet to her chin and snuggled deeper into bed. It was one of the many pleasures of the monsoon.

Question 4.
Discuss the author’s anticipation, reflections and experience of the monsoon and sense of wellbeing it brings to her.
Answer:
The author anticipated the monsoon to be thrilling and it really thrilled her. To her, the sound of the rain was like Carnatic music with plain and gamaka-laden notes. High and low decibels. The stately pace of the uilamba kaalam. The centre of the madhyama kaalam. The quick trot of the drutha kaalam. She felt as if the rain was calling her into its arms. To her the rain looked like a migratory bird. She was afraid even to make even the slightest noise as she did not want to frighten the bird away. She felt each rain drop holds different tales, and it teaches different lessons. It also offers many gifts. The rain brings her a sense of wellbeing.

Question 5.
Describe this year’s monsoon in your words.
Answer:
This year’s monsoon began quite early. The first two weeks of the month of May were very hot and people were praying for the rain. Temperatures in many towns of Kerala went beyond the 40oC mark. People were warned not to be outside in the sun between 11 a.m. and 3.00 p.m. Many people died of sun stroke. Wells and canals became ‘dry. Plants were withering in the heat of the sun. But then suddenly in the middle of May the south-west monsoon came like a welcome guest. The hot earth has cooled and the plants and trees are looking fresh and energetic. Television screens are full of advertisements, trying to sell various kinds of umbrellas and raincoats. As I write this, there are yellow and orange alerts in many districts of Kerala because of the expected downpours. But even as we are joyous at the early arrival of the monsoon, we can’t forget what happened just 6 years ago, in 2018, when Kerala had its worst floods in about a century. Monsoon is a double-edged knife – it can kill and cure. Too much rain brings trouble to us; too little of it also brings trouble.

Waiting for Rain Activities – Let’s recall and recreate

Activity 1:
Your social media friend, an Australian, sends you an e-mail expressing his wish to visit Kerala during the forthcoming monsoon season. Draft your reply to the email.

Answer:
To: allensmith@gmail.com
Subject: Visit to Kerala during the forthcoming monsoon.
Thank you Allen for your mail. Good to know that you are interested in coming to Kerala during the forthcoming monsoon season. In Kerala the south-west monsoon is usually between June and August. The heaviest rains come in July. There will be , thunder and lightning during the rains. So, one has to be careful. Kerala is a land of many rivers. We have 44 rivers here. In the monsoon season most of them will be flooded. Boat-riding in the flooded rivers is adventurous and enjoyable. You ought to , be a good swimmer if you intend to enjoy boat rides. Kerala is often called God’s’own ‘ country. The lush green landscape with tall coconut palms and different kinds of fruits trees like mango, jackfruit and others make it a paradise on earth. I will be glad to welcome you to our paradise. Let me know when you are coming. I will be there at the airport.
Say Hi to your parents.

Sincerely yours,
Gopikrishnan

Activity 2 :
As an editor of your school magazine, you plan to interview Anita Nair. Draft a telephone conversation seeking her consent for a personal interview.
Answer:
I : Is it Madam Anita Nair?
AN : Yes, speaking.
I : Good morning, Madam, I’m Joe Cherian, the editor of our school magazine.
Our school is St. George’s H.S.S. Edappally.
AN : Okay, Go ahead.
I : Madam, we recently read your article “Waiting for Rain” in our school textbook.
A brief biography of yours is also given in the textbook. We are impressed by your achievements as a writer.
AN : Thank you for your compliments. But why did you call me?
I : Madam, we want to have a personal interview with you. And we want your consent.
AN : It is fine. I am free this weekend and I will be available at home. You can meet me between 4 and 6.00 p.m. on Saturday, the 25th of July.
I : Thank you Madam, Thank you very much. We will be there at your place at 4.30 pm.
AN : It’s OK. You’re welcome!

Activity 3:
Lush green landscapes, crystal clear beaches and the heavy monsoon made Kerala God’s Own country, However, all these seem to be in danger of extinction. Prepare a speech on the need to protect nature and present it in the class.
Answer:
Respected teacher and my dear classmates, .
I am standing before you to speak a few words on the need to protect nature. Kerala is popularly called God’s Own Country because of its lush green landscapes, crystal clear beaches and the heavy monsoon. Many tourists from all over the world come to see these things and enjoy a few days of leisure. But because of our greed and . carelessness we are destroying the lush green landscapes and the crystal clear beaches. Monsoons have become unpredictable because of the climatic changes.
We destroy our beautiful landscape by constructing concrete monstrosities and paving tiles in our yards. Instead of the lush green look, now the landscape has a sickly pale appearance. It is becoming a concrete jungle. Mindless industrialization is spoiling the beauty of the landscape and polluting the atmosphere with all kinds of poisonous gases, smoke and dust. We destroy our crystal clear beaches by throwing all kinds of plastic stuff, empty bottles and other rubbish. Some people use the beach as an open toilet! Who will come to spend their time on such beaches?
We also mindlessly cut down trees for various needs like timber and to use as firewood.
Trees hold the soil, preventing it from being easily eroded. Forests are the main sources that give the continuous supply of water to our rivers. If we embark upon large scaled deforestation and mining, even fresh water will become an expensive item. ‘
So, let us love nature and preserve her. We have only one habitat and we should keep it clean and safe for our own sake and for the sake of our future generations.
Thank you all!

Activity 4:
Collect a few inspiring travel quotes from travel magazines and blogs. Choose photos of your own travel experiences and provide suitable captions to them using the quotes. Now, compile the travel quotes and photos to make a travel portfolio for publication in the online magazine of your school.
Answer:
Practical Work

Activity 5:
Shall we make a video documentary of 4 to 5 minutes picturising one of your own travel experiences? Draft the script for the documentary including details of the locale, voice−over and camera techniques.
Answer:
Practical Work

9th English Waiting for Rain Question Answer – Let’s play with words

Activity 1:
Read the excerpt from ‘The Saga of the Tiffi Carriers’.
‘On a humid day in March, to the crash of the carrier-laden crates, the clang of tiffi carriers….’

What do the images above convey about the words pictured alongside?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Such words are called onomatopoeic words. The pronunciation of these words imitates the sounds they refer to. Onomatopoeia is the use or creation of a word that phonetically imitates, resembles, or suggests the sound that it describes.

a. Now, circle the onomatopoeic words in the passage below.
For over a week now, a brutal wind had been sweeping the northern outskirts of the city with a menacing growl. Window shutters banged. Doors unlatched themselves. Around my home, trees creaked and groaned while leaves hissed and whispered. And here we are, a week into Karkitakam when filds and canals ought to be overflwing and ditches gurgling like streams, and the monsoon still hasn’t planted its feet in the ground.
Answer:
The word clang suggests metallic pieces hitting together. Crash suggests the loud noise of something breaking up.

Onomatopoeia
Onomatopoeia is the naming of a thing or action by imitation of natural sounds. The pronunciation of an onomatopoeic word imitates the sound associated with its meaning. Words like splash, clang, crash, hiss, buzz, screech etc. are examples of such words.

a. Onomatopoeic words in the passage.
growl
banged
creaked
groaned
hissed
gurgling

b. Match the onomatopoeic words in column A with the sounds they describe in column B.

Answer:

Column A	Colum B
beep	make a short, high-pitched sound (of the horn of a vehicle or an electronic device.
crackle	sound short, sharp, repetitive sounds in quick success as objects in fire.
flutter	make a noise by moving the wings quickly.
giggle	laugh in a light, silly way.
rattle	make a rapid series of short, sharp noises (of objects or like that of a rattlesnake).
rumble	make a continuous deep resonant sound (of thunder; or from the stomach)
sizzle	make a hissing or popping sound while frying something.

c. Find out a few more onomatopoeic words, write them on chart paper and display it in the classroom.
Answer:
clap, chirp, cling, croak, mumble, buzz, burp, boo, drip, belch, thud, flick, tweet, whimper, pop, squeal, hiss, bleat, crunch, grunt, sniff, slam, bark, howl, purr, whine, yell, yelp, growl, bang, trickle, hoot, buzz.

d. Complete the conversation choosing suitable words from those given below.
Dabbawala 1 : Hey! How’s your day?
Dabbawala 2 : Terrible! Trains are late, and there’s a constant ……………………….. of announcements.
Dabbawala 1 : My cart hit a pothole and there was a loud ……….. I hope none of the dabbas got ………………..
Dabbawala 2 : Goodness! Mumbai roads are always a challenge.
Dabbawala 1 : True. There is so much ………………. by vehicles on the roads.
Dabbawala 2 : Don’t you hear that …………….. from the street food stall? They are frying something.
Dabbawala 1 : I’m hungry. Let us ………….. some vada pav and get back to work.
Dabbawala 2 : Hurry up. There is a ………………. in the sky. It might …………… soon.

honking, blare, gobble, rumbling, sizzle, cracked, drizzle, thud
Answer:
D. 1 : Hey, How’s your day? .
D. 2 : Terrible, Trains are late, and there’s a constant blare of announcements.
D. 1 : My cart hit a pothole and there was a loud thud. I hope none of the dabbas got cracked.
D: 2 : Goodness! Mumbai roads are always a challenge.
D. 1 : True. There is so much honking by vehicles on the roads.
D. 2 : Don’t you hear that sizzle from the street food stall? They are frying something.
D. 2 : I’m hungry. Let us gobble some vada pav and get back to work.
D. 1 : Hurry up. There is a rumbling in the sky. It might drizzle soon.

Activity 2
Let’s read the story of Anand, The Unsung Hero.
In the bustling heart of a metropolitan city, there was a stocky man named Anand. He was known for his incredible knack for solving alpha-numerical puzzles, which he modestly attributed to being one of his foibles. He trotted through the city streets every day, dressed up in a worn-out jacket and he was rarely greeted courteously by others. Anand had long been an uncouth outcast in a world of polished men and women. One day he received an unexpected call from the offiials of a renowned tech company after they were struck by turbulence in their security system. Their alpha-numerical codes had been compromised and Anand was summoned to the company’s headquarters. The CEO, desperate to save the company’s reputation, explained the dire situation. Anand’s heart went out to him as he listened to the tale of a man on the brink of penury. With commendable determination, Anand immersed himself in the tangled mess of codes and encryption. In the eleventh hour, Anand cracked the code and restored the company’s security. The CEO’s gratitude knew no bounds and he heartily
endorsed Anand’s incredible talent.

Replace the words in bold type in the passage with their synonyms provided in the brackets and rewrite the passage.
(unbelievable, sturdy, certifid, respectfully, called, uncivilized, admirable, destitution, chaos)
Answer:

stocky	– sturdy
incredible	– unbelievable
courteously	– respectfully
uncouth	– uncivilized
turbulence	– chaos
summoned	– called
penury	– destitution
commendable	– admirable
endorsed	– certified

Activity 3:
Hema went on a trip to Munnar last summer. She was fascinated by the marvels of nature and she penned her experience in the form of a travel story. She needs your help to edit her story. Help her edit the errors.

Last summer, I embarked on a journey too Munnar, India. The whether was perfect, with clear skies and a gentle breeze. Amid lush tee plantations, I couldn’t help but marvel at the vibrant flur gardens that adorned the landscape. As I trekked through the hills, I came across a wild bare but managed to keep my cool. At a local café, I savoured a delicious peace of freshly baked cake while taking in the serene view of the tea gardens. There, I was fortunate to meat a friendly local who suggested the best spots to sea the stunning vistas. As the son dipped below the horizon, I couldn’t help but pen a fare poem on Munnar’s magic beauty in my diary.

[flwer, bear, piece, see, fair, to, tea, weather, meet]
a. Note the words you have replaced.

Why do you think Hema used these words incorrectly?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Answer:
Last summer, I embarked on a journey to Munnar, India. The weather was perfect with clear skies and a gentle breeze. Amid lush tea plantations, I couldn’t help but marvel at the vibrant flower gardens that adorned the landscape. As I trekked through the hills, I came across a wild bear but managed to keep my cool. At a local cafe, I savoured a delicious piece of freshly baked cake while taking in the serene view of the tea gardens. There, I was fortunate to meet a friendly local who suggested the best spots to see the stunning vistas. As the sun dipped below the horizon, I couldn’t help but pen a fair poem on Munnar’s magic beauty in my diary.

a. Note the words you have replaced.

too	to
whether	weather
tee	tea
flour	flower
bare	bear
peace	piece
meat	meet
sea	see
son	sun
fare	fair

She used the words wrongly because they are pronounced alike.
Such words with the same pronunciation, but different spelling and meaning are termed homophones.

b. Hema’s travel story is so fascinating that you decide to visit Munnar. You scribble down your thoughts in your diary using a variety of homophones. Complete the diary.
I would love to visit Munnar. Before starting, I would check whether the weather is fine nor not. I would like to see the sea of flower gardens over which the sun is shining. I will trek through the hills and maybe I will see some wild bears there. I will enjoy some delicious pieces of cake in street cafe there. I may meet some of my relatives who study at the Munnar Catering College. Together we may go for some sight-seeing enjoying the panoramic view of Munnar. Munnar is famous for its fine weather and delicious tea. My experiences there will help me to pen a fair poem to publish in our school magazine. As the editor of magazine, it will be easy for me publish it. I am not a great writer, but I will try my best to write the right kind of poem.

Activity 4:
Read the sentence given below from ‘Waiting for Rain’.
He accused this year’s monsoon of merely “kaati-kooti poova.”
The writer has quoted the exact words of her uncle by code-switching, using the technique of transliteration.

Code switching involves the use of words, phrases or entire sentences borrowed from a different language, in speech or writing. When the words of a particular language are written in the alphabet of another language, it is called transliteration. These may be used to evoke a sense of cultural or linguistic authenticity in a literary piece.

Pick out other examples of transliteration from ‘Waiting for Rain’.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:
Karkitakam .
Mundakkattukurissi
gam aka
vilamba kaalam
madhyama kaalam
dhrutha kaalam

Activity 5:
Read the conversation between two tourists on a visit to Mumbai.
Did you notice the words in italics in the conversation?
They are called
…………………………………………………………………

How about trying to guess the meaning of the phrases from the context?

Now, read the diary entry of a tourist on a visit to Delhi.

Date & day
What an exciting day I’ve had, exploring the vibrant city of Delhi!
This morning I decided to visit the local markets and I couldn’t believe the variety of goods I came across at Chandni Chowk. From spices to jewellery and colourful fabrics, it was a shopper’s paradise. I then came by a vendor, who sold some mouthwatering street food. In the afternoon, I came back to my hotel for lunch before heading to Humayun’s Tomb and India Gate.

In the evening, I was surprised to fid that I had come round to my friend’s house. After dinner, we took a rickshaw ride through Old Delhi’s narrow lanes. I cannot describe what came over me as we made our way through the chaos and charm of the bustling streets. Tomorrow, I plan to visit the Lotus Temple, and I really hope that the day’s plans come off just like today. Delhi has truly come up to my expectations and I can’t wait to see what adventures come out of the rest of my trip.

a. Circle the phrasal verbs in the diary entry above and write them in the table below with their meanings. You may add more phrasal verbs to the table.

Answer:

Phrasal verbs	Meaning
come across	meet or find someone or something by chance.
come by	meet, get, acquire
come back	return
head to	go to
come round	reach, return
come over	happen
come off	happen
come up	meet
come out	result

b. The following passage on ‘Nurturing Life Skills’ is incomplete. Complete the passage picking phrases from the choices given in the box below.

In the journey of life, individuals often ……………… various challenges and opportunities that demand a set of essential life skills. To truly thrive, one must …………….. skills such as effective communication, critical thinking, and adaptability. When faced with obstacles, the ability to ……………. as resilient is important, as it allows individuals to become stronger and wiser.
Moreover, the capacity to …………….. with creative solutions is essential for innovation and problem-solving. Hence, acquiring life skills helps empower individuals to ……………… on top, not only as survivors but as individuals who flurish in the face of adversity.

come up, come across, come out, come by, come off
Answer:
In the journey of life, individuals often come across various challenges and opportunities that demand a set of essential life skills. To truly thrive, one must come by skills such as effective communication, critical thinking, and adaptability. When faced with obstacles, the ability to come off as resilient is important, as it allows individuals to become stronger and wiser. Moreover, the capacity to come up with creative solutions is essential for innovation and problem-solving. Hence acquiring life skills helps empower individuals to come out on top, not only as survivors but as individuals who flourish in the face of adversity.

9th Std English Waiting for Rain Notes – Let’s Analyse

Activity 1:
Read the sentences given below.
Mumbai is a city that bustles with activities.
I must have been the only passenger on that flght who was happy with the turbulence.
Can you split the above sentences into two clauses?
Here is one way of doing it:
Mumbai is a city (main clause) that bustles with acitivities. (subordinate clause)

Now, try to split the second sentence.
……………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………..

Can the italicised words in the above sentences be considered pronouns? Why?
………………………………………………………………………………………….

What is the function of these words in the above sentences?
………………………………………………………………………………………….

Look at the second sentence once again.

I must have been the only passenger on that flght who was happy with the turbulence.

‘Who’ is a relative pronoun in the above sentence because it introduces a relative clause that provides information about the pronoun ‘I’ in the main clause. A relative clause is a subordinate clause which specifis or provides information about a person or thing mentioned in the main clause.

Read the sentences given below.
I have a friend who speaks four languages.
That is the house in which I grew up.
I noticed the lady who had been explaining family politics to the man.

Do the relative clauses in the above sentences give essential information or only additional information about the nouns they describe? Discuss.
We use defiing relative clauses to give essential information about someone or something, in order to point out who or what is being referred to. A defiing relative clause usually comes immediately after the noun it describes.

Now take a look at these sentences.
Arun, who is retired now, spends a lot of time with his grandchildren.
The award was given to Sara, whose short story impressed the judges.
A peculiar silence crept among the passengers, most of whom were young men.
Are the relative clauses in the above sentences essential to understand who or what we are talking about? Discuss.
They are termed non-defiing relative clauses because they provide some additional information that is not essential and can be omitted without affecting the content of
the sentence.

a. Read the passage on internet etiquette given below.
Internet etiquette, or the guidelines for courteous online behaviour, is crucial in our digital age. The rules that govern online conduct, which include being respectful and considerate, should be followed by all internet users. People, whose intentions may not always be clear online, should be mindful of their words to avoid unintentional offence. Therefore, it’s vital to think twice before posting comments or sending messages. For those who are new to online interactions, it’s essential to learn and practise the right netiquette. In discussions and debates, where difference of opinion is common, it is important to engage in them respectfully and constructively. Constructive criticism, which can help improve discussions, should be delivered tactfully. Practising good internet etiquette is a way to foster a more respectful and enjoyable online experience for all.

Pick out the defiing and non-defiing relative clauses from the above passage and complete the table.

Answer:
The sentences:
a) Mumbai is a city that bustles with activities.
b) I must have been the only passenger on that flight who was happy with the turbulence.

The sentences can be split like this:
a) i) Mumbai is a city
ii) that bustles with activities.

b) i) I must have been the only passenger on that flight
ii) who was happy with the turbulence. –

The words ‘that’ and Vho’ function in two ways – as pronouns and as conjunctions.
So, they are called relative pronouns.
Read the sentences below:
I have a friend who syeaks four languages.
That is the house in which I grew up.
I noticed the lady who had been explaining family politics to the man.

The relative clauses in the above sentences are underlined. Without them, the nouns ‘friend’, ‘house’ and ‘lady’ will not make much sense. They are essential in the sentence. Such essential clauses which define someone or something are * called defining relative clauses.
Now look at the following sentences: ‘
India, which is in Asia, is the largest democracy in the world,
Shah Rukh Khan, who was bom in 1965, is the most popular Bollywood actor today.
Rahul Gandhi, who is still unmarried, is the son of Sonia Gandhi.
Look at the underlined clause in the above sentences. Even if we remove them, the meanings of “India”, “Shah Rukh Khan” and “Rahul Gandhi” are quite clear.
So, they are not essential in the sentences. They simply provide some additional information about the nouns mentioned. Such clauses are called non-defining relative clauses.

Defining relative clauses	Non-defining relative clauses
that govern online conduct	which include being respectful and considerate
whose intentions may not always be clear online	where difference of opinion is common
who are new to online interactions	which can help improve discussions

Activity 2:
A) Read the sentences given below.
Do not cut down trees.
Better not rely on fast food.
Please explain the system to us.

What common features do you notice in the sentences above? Discuss, and list them.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

a. Match the sentences in column A with their functions in column B.

We have seen that the sentences in column A express requests, suggestions, orders, advice, warnings, etc. Such sentences are called imperative sentences.

b. A few situations are pictured below. Write imperative sentences matching each situation.

a. ……………………………………………………………………

b. …………………………………………………………………..

c. ……………………………………………………………………

d. …………………………………………………………………..

B) Read the conversation given below.
Secretary : Wear your white cap.
Dabbawala : Please excuse me from wearing the cap today.

A tourist happens to hear the conversation. He/She reports this conversation to a fellow tourist. This is how he/she reports it.
The Secretary instructed the dabbawala to wear the white cap. The Dabbawala requested the Secretary to excuse him from wearing the cap that day.
What changes do you notice when an imperative sentence in direct speech is reported?
1. Speech markers are avoided.
2. ………………………………………………………..
3. ………………………………………………………..

a. Now, change the following sentences into direct speech.
1. The flght steward requested the passengers to keep their baggage in the overhead bins.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. The cabin crew instructed the passengers to remain seated during take-off.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. The dabbawala advised the customer to have the lunch packed in time.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b. Let’s change the imperative sentences given below into reported speech.
1. Pilot: “Passengers, kindly remain seated till the seatbelt signs are switched off.”
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Traffi police offier: “Do not park here.”
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Teacher: “Keep your classroom neat and tidy.”
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
They do not have subjects. The first sentence is an order. The second one is a piece of advice and the third one is a request. Sentences that express requests, suggestions, orders, advice, warnings etc. are called Imperative sentences.

A. Sentences	B. Functions
Don’t litter here.	You will be fined. warning
Please do not lean out of the window.	request
Do get yourself vaccinated.	advice
Mind the gap between the train and the platform.	direction
Come in.	invitation
Clear the road immediately.	order

b. (Variations are possible)
a. Don’t litter here. Please keep the place neat and clean.
b. Please take these plates away.
c. Listen carefully to what I’m going to say.
d. Take complete rest.

B) Read the conversation given below.
Secretary : Wear your white cap.
Dabbawala : Please excuse me from wearing the cap today.
A tourist happens to hear the conversation. He/She reports this conversation to a fellow tourist. This is how he/she reports it.
The Secretary instructed the dabbawala to wear the white cap. The Dabbawala requested the Secretary to excuse him from wearing the cap that day.

What changes do you notice when an imperative sentence in direct speech is reported?
1. Speech markers are avoided.
2. ………………………………………………………..
3. ………………………………………………………..

a. Now, change the following sentences into direct speech.
1. The flght steward requested the passengers to keep their baggage in the overhead bins.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b. ……………………………………………………………………
c. ……………………………………………………………………
d. ……………………………………………………………………
2. The cabin crew instructed the passengers to remain seated during take-off.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. The dabbawala advised the customer to have the lunch packed in time.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b. Let’s change the imperative sentences given below into reported speech.
1. Pilot: “Passengers, kindly remain seated till the seatbelt signs are switched off.”
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Traffi police offier: “Do not park here.”
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Teacher: “Keep your classroom neat and tidy.”
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

B) Read the conversation and the explanation on p. 100.
The changes that happen when an imperative sentence in direct speech is reported:
1. Speech markers are avoided.
2. Verbs like instructed, asked, ordered, commanded, requested, etc. are used.
3. The infinitive of the verb with “to” is used (as in to excuse).
4. Pronouns change.
Answers:
1. The flight steward said to the passengers: “Keep your baggage in the overhead bins.”
2. The cabin crew instructed the passengers, “Remain seated during take-off.”
3. The dabbawala said to the customer, “Better get the lunch packed in time.”

b. Change the imperative sentences on p. 101 into reported speech.
1. Pilot requested the passengers to remain seated till the seatbelt signs are switched off.
2. Traffic police officer asked the driver not to park there.
3. Teacher told the students to keep their classroom neat and tidy.

Activity 3.
Read the sentence from the ‘The Saga of the Tiffi Carriers.’
This makes it virtually impossible for the average employee to live near their place of work anywhere in Mumbai.

What function do the words given in bold type serve in the above sentence? Discuss.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Such words are termed prepositions. A preposition may be followed by a noun, a pronoun or a noun phrase.

a. Read the passage given below on ‘Road Safety.’
We need to be aware of the rules and guidelines to ensure our safety and the safety of others while travelling on the road. Always remember to obey traffi signals and signs. Stop at red lights, proceed when the light turns green, and yield to pedestrians crossing the road. Keep a buffer zone between your vehicle and the one ahead, allowing you suffiient time to react in case of sudden stops. Moreover, always wear your seatbelt when you’re in a vehicle. Avoid distractions while driving, such as using your phone, which may take your attention away from the road, leading to accidents.

While walking or cycling, be cautious when you cross the road. Always be alert for oncoming vehicles and cross with caution. While walking alongside the road, it’s crucial to stay on the pavement. Remember, road safety is everyone’s responsibility. Whether you’re a driver, pedestrian, or cyclist, following these simple rules will help keep our roads safe for all and reduce the risk of accidents and ensure safer journeys.

Pick out the prepositions from the passage and place them in the box given below.

b. Now, examine the picture and write a paragraph describing the scene using suitable prepositions.

Answer:
Prepositions:
In the sentence given on p. 101, the words given in bold – for, of, in – are prepositions.
A preposition may be followed by a noun, a pronoun or a noun phrase.
In simple words a preposition is a small word like in, on, under, over, across, near, for, of, in, etc. which shows the relationship between words in a sentence. Let us take an example. Imagine two nouns “hand” and “pen”. There can be different kinds of relations between them.
1. The pen is in my hand.
2. The pen is on my hand.
3. The pen is under my hand.
4. The pen is over/above my hand.
5. The pen is near my hand.

a. of, on, at, between, in, away, from, to, for

b. The picture is that of a living room. In the centre there is a carpet. On one side there is a cupboard in which there are some dresses. On the wall there are some pictures hanging. There is also a big clock on the wall. There is a sofa with cushions and a doll at one corner. A pair of shoes is there under the sofa. Above the sofa there is a stand with a small clock (timepiece) and some pictures. A writing table with a swinging chair can be seen. On the table there is a computer. A television set is there. It is a neatly arranged room where there are facilities to relax and entertain guests.

Activity 4 :
The passage given below has some errors. Let’s edit the errors.
The flght nosed into a cloud, and we rocked of the turbulence outside. A peculiar silence crept between the passengers, most of whom were young men from northern India seek the green, the myriad hues of green pastures of Kerala which it seems everything was in abundance but a labour force and rain. The plane rocked sum more, and somewhere with me, a child wailed in fright. An elderly couple alongside, who have been chatting incessantly, was fially quiet.
Answer:
The flight nosed into a cloud, and we rocked with the turbulence outside. A peculiar silence crept among the passengers, most of whom were young men from northern India seeking the green, the myriad hues of green pastures of Kerala where it seems everything was in abundance but a labour force and rain.
The plane rocked some more, and somewhere behind me, a child wailed in fright.
An elderly couple alongside, who had been chatting incessantly, was finally quiet.

Waiting for Rain Questions and Answers – Let’s converse

Activity 1:
Let’s presume that a senior dabbawala gives some suggestions to a new recruit. Here are a few of his suggestions.
I suggest you board the fast local trains on the Harbour Line.
We had better take into consideration the heavy traffi in South Mumbai.
Don’t you think it is a good idea to expand our service to Navi Mumbai?

a. Pick out the expressions used to make suggestions from the above sentences.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

The following are a few other expressions used to make suggestions:

• How about…?
• Why don’t we…?
• Couldn’t we…?
• Does it matter if we…?
• Would you like to…?
• Let’s go to…
• ……………………………..…
• ……………………………..…

b. Now, fancy yourself as a senior dabbawala providing suggestions to a new recruit using the expressions given above. Draft the sentences you would use. You may also explore other expressions used to make suggestions.

• ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
• ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
• ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

The new dabbawala has the freedom to accept or decline the suggestions of his senior. How will he do it? Let’s go through a few expressions for accepting and refusing suggestions.
Accepting suggestions

• Sure, let’s…
• Yes, I’d like to/ Yes, I’d love to…
• What a good idea!
• Why not?
• Yes, with pleasure.
• Yes, that’s not a bad idea.
• That sounds like a good idea.

Refusing suggestions

• No, let’s not.
• Well, I’d rather…
• I don’t feel like it.
• I’m not sure about that idea.
• I’m not very keen on…
• I don’t think it will work.

Answer:
i) I suggest
ii) had better
iii) Do you think it is a good idea…?

Some more expressions used to make suggestions are given:

b. i) You should never forget that Mumbai streets are always very crowded.
ii) Why don’t you take an earlier train to Andheri?
iii) Would you like to change your destination?
iv) Does it matter if I add 5 more dabbas to your present load?
v) How about coming 10 minutes earlier?

Class 9 English Waiting for Rain Question Answer – Let’s perform

Write the likely conversation between the senior dabbawala and the new recruit, using the expressions above, or any others of your choice. You may role-play the same in the classroom.

Activity 2.
Read the following conversation.
Anita : Will it rain tonight?
Mother : I’m not sure.
Anita : Make a guess!
Mother : If I had to take a guess, I’d say it would rain tonight.

What do the words given in italics convey?
They:-
a. give a warning
b. make a suggestion
c. express a guess

a. Read the expressions given below. Some of them are used to ask people to guess something and the others are used for making guesses. Write them in the table given.

• Can you guess…?
• I guess…
• My guess is…
• Have a guess!
• I would say…
• Chances are…
• Off the top of my head, I think…
• Guess what! (an expression that introduces a surprising piece of news/information.)
• Probably…
• Maybe…

Answer:

Asking people to guess	Making a guess
Can you guess…?	I guess ….
Have a guess!	My guess is ……
Guess what!	I would say ……..
	Chances are ….
	Off the top of my head, I think …
	Probably ……….
	Maybe ……..

Complete the Crossword Puzzle.

ACROSS
5. The land of unity in diversity and the Taj Mahal (5)
6. The land of the rising sun and cherry blossoms (5)
7. Andes mountains defie this South American nation (9)
11. The land of maple syrup and the CN Tower (6)
12. The earliest humans lived in this continent, with its magnifiient diversity of wildlife (6)
13. The land of the ancient Pyramids and the Sphinx (5)

DOWN
1. Where kangaroos and koalas roam (9)
2. Teardrop shaped island in the Indian Ocean (8)
3. The Great Wall was built in this ancient land (5)
4. The River Thames flws through this land of iconic red double-decker buses and black taxi cabs (7)
7. This is the home of Hollywood and the Statue of Liberty (7)
8. The largest country on Earth, spanning two continents (6)
9. This nation can boast of the Amazon rainforest and a famous Carnival (6)
10. The Eiffel Tower stands tall here (6)
Answer:
Across
5. INDIA
6. JAPAN
7. ARGENTINA
11. CANADA
12. AFRICA
13. EGYPT

Down
1. AUSTRALIA
2. SRILANKA
3. CHINA
4. ENGLAND
7. AMERICA
8. RUSSIA
9. BRAZIL
10. FRANCE

Let’s team up (Group project):

Let’s find out the eating habits of your friends in this class. Shall we conduct a survey?
What are the steps involved in this? Discuss.
The following steps are suggested.
1. Talk to some of your friends about their food preferences and favourite dishes.
2. Identify their food habits from the discussion.
3. Sit with your friends and prepare a few questions for the the survey among your class/schoolmates.
4. Edit and fialise the questionnaire.
5. Conduct interviews using the questionnaire and record the responses.
6. Analyse the data and consolidate it carefully.
7. Draft a report giving suitable illustrations.
8. Edit and correct the report with the help of your teacher.
9. Publish the report in your class/school magazine.
Answer:
Group Project