By reviewing Class 8 Social Science Notes Kerala Syllabus Chapter 13 Building New Nations Important Questions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.
Building New Nations Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 Social Science Chapter 13 Kerala Syllabus
Building New Nations Class 8 Important Questions
Question 1.
In which ship did the Pilgrim Fathers arrive in America?
Answer:
Mayflower
Question 2.
Arrange the following in chronological order:
i Olive Branch Petition
ii Treaty of Paris
iii First Philadelphia Congress
iv Declaration of Independence
a) iii – i – iv – ii
b) iii – ii – i – iv
c) ii – iii – i – iv
d) iii – i – ii – iv
Answer:
a) iii – i – iv – ii
Question 3.
Who was the leader of the American army in the war against Britain?
a) Thomas Jefferson
b) George Washington
c) Benjamin Franklin
d) John Adams
Answer:
b) George Washington
Question 4.
Who drafted the American Declaration of Independence?
a) Thomas Jafferson
b) Lord North
c) Abraham Lincoln
d) Benjamin Franklin
Answer:
a) Thomas Jafferson
Question 5.
Who said “ No taxation without representation”
a) Thomas Paine
b) John Locke
c) James Otis
d) George Washington
Answer:
c) James Otis
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Question 6.
First president of the United States of America
a) Abraham Lincoln
b) George Washington
c) Thomas Paine
d) John Adams
Answer:
b) George Washington
Question 7.
Statement I: In 1781, the American army under the leadership of George Washington defeated the English army.
Statement II: In accordance with the Treaty of Paris in 1783, Britain accepted the independence of the 13 American colonies.
Analyse the above statements and choose the correct answer from the options given below.
a) Statement I only is correct .
b) Statement II only is correct
c) Both the Statements are correct
d) Both the Statements are not correct
Answer:
c) Both the Statements are correct
Question 8.
What is the framework of the US Constitution known as?
Answer:
Articles of Confederation
Question 9.
Who was the Russian emperor during the Russian Revolution?
a) Alexander Kerensky
b) Nicholas II
c) Leon Trotsky
d) Joseph Stalin
Answer:
b) Nicholas II
Question 10.
Which dynasty ruled China?
a) Ming dynasty
b) Manchu dynasty
c) Han dynasty
d) Yuan dynasty
Answer:
b) Manchu dynasty
Question 11.
Find the ones from ‘B’ that correspond to category ‘A’ given below.
| A | B |
| October Revolution | i) Lenin ii) Workers’ Republic iii) Red Guar iv) Mensheviks |
a) i, ii, iii are correct
b) Only i is correct
c) Only ii is correct
d) Only iii is correct
Answer:
a) i, ii, iii are correct
Question 12.
Find the ones from ‘B’ that correspond to category ‘A’ given below.
| A | B |
| February Revolution | i) Alexander Kerensky ii) Mensheviks iii) Provisional government |
a) Only i is correct
b) ii and iii are correct
c) Only ii is correct
d) i, ii, iii are correct
Answer:
d) i, ii, iii are correct
Question 13.
Arrange the table given below.
| A | B |
| A. Lenin | i. Long March |
| B. Sun Yat-sen | ii. Provisional government |
| C. Mao Zedong | iii. New Economic Policy |
| D. Alexander Kerensky | iv. Kuomintang Party |
a) A -iii, B – ii, C – i, D – iv
b) A – iii, B – iv, C – i, D – ii
c) A – ii, B – iii, C – i, D – iv
d) A – iv, B – ii, C – i, D – iii
Answer:
b) A -iii, B – iv, C – i, D – ii
Question 14.
Choose the correct answer by reading the given assertion and reason.
Assertion: The New Economic Policy was a partial return to private trade, agriculture, and private investment.
Reason: By implementing the New Economic Policy, he developed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) into a world superpower.
a) Both assertion and reason are correct.
b) Both assertion and reason are wrong.
c) Assertion is correct, Reason is wrong
d) Assertion is wrong, Reason is correct.
Answer:
a) Both assertion and reason are correct
Question 15.
Who issued the proclamation granting freedom to the slaves? When?
Answer:
Abraham Lincoln. January 1, 1863
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Question 16.
What were the two factions of the Social Democratic Workers’ Party?
Answer:
- Bolsheviks
- Mensheviks
Question 17.
Whose theories were included in the Communist Manifesto?
Answer:
- Karl Marx
- Friedrich Engels
Question 18.
Explain the New Economic Policy implemented by Lenin in the Soviet Union.
Answer:
New Economic Policy implemented in 1921. The New Economic Policy was a partial return to private trade, agriculture, and private investment. Large industries were combined with trusts. At the same time, the government encouraged the cooperative sector. But there was a strict government control to prevent the revival of capitalism.
Question 19.
Which countries were involved in the Opium War?
Answer:
- China
- Britain
Question 20.
Define Boxer Rebellion.
Answer:
The growing interference of foreign powers increased the resentment of the people against them in China. As a result, many secret agencies were formed in China. One such secret agency was the Boxers. Their symbol was the Boxers Fist. Their resistance against the European invasion is known as the ‘Boxer Rebellion’.
Question 21.
Explain the trade laws implemented by Britain in the American colonies.
Answer:
- Goods from colonies to colonies could only be transported on the British ships or on the ships of the colonies.
- Goods such as wool, tobacco, and ship’s sails could be sent to Europe via England only. Goods from Europe could only be transported via England only.
- The Stamp Act of 1765 insisted that Deeds of will, legal documents, and pamphlets be marked with a fixed value stamp. An additional tax was imposed to recoup the cost of protecting the colonies from French attacks.
Question 22.
What were the factors that motivated the colonists to fight against Britain?
Answer:
- The colonists’ fear of the French disappeared as a result of the Seven-Year War
- The military experience gained as a result of participating in the war
- Awareness of one’s own strength
Question 23.
What were the ideas put forward by Sun Yat-sen?
Answer:
- Nationalism
- Democracy
- Socialism
Question 24.
The American War of Independence made significant contributions to the world. What were they?
Answer:
- It gave energy to anti-colonial struggles around the world
- The first written constitution came into effect
- It contributed the concept of federal government to the world
- It contributed the idea of modem republican government to the world
Question 25.
Lenin put forward new ideas. What are they?
Answer:
- Power: to the workers’ councils (Soviets)
- Land: to the peasants
- Peace: for all
- Food: for the starving
Question 26.
Explain the results of the revolution in China.
Answer:
- China became the People’s Republic
- Foreign domination in China came to an end
- Agricultural land was distributed to the farmers
- It caused the spread of socialist ideas among the nations of the world
Question 27.
What were the main features of the Constitution of the United States of America?
Answer:
- The Constitution of the United States is a written one in the federal system. Accordingly, each state joining the union had certain powers of its own.
- The smallest constitution in the world ‘
- The central government has authority over foreign affairs, war, interstate trade, and currency
- The state governments had representation in the central government
- The powers of the three branches of government such as the Congress, the President, and the Judiciary are clearly specified.
Question 28.
List the differences between the North American states and the South American states in the provinces of the United States of America.
Answer:
| North American States | South American States |
| Industry and commerce were the main sectors |
|
| Did not depend on others for industrial products |
|
| Gave importance to education Primary education was free and compulsory |
|
Question 29.
Explain the background of the Civil War in America.
Answer:
- Slavery
- Southern states supported slavery.
- Northern states discouraged the system of slavery.
- Thirteen Southern states left the union.
- Northern states questioned the right to leave the Union.
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Question 30.
Explain the causes of the Russian Revolution.
Answer:
Autocratic rule of Tsar: Agitated with the miserable working conditions, the economic depression, and the ongoing war with Japan, the people, led by Father Gapon, marched to St. Petersburg to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II requesting economic and political reforms. The army opened fire on the protesters, killing over a hundred workers. This massacre in St. Petersburg on January 22, 1905, is known as ‘Bloody Sunday.’ In response to the popular outrage, the Tsar agreed to form a parliament called the Duma. But he rejected all the reforms proposed by the Duma and attempted to suppress political freedom.
- The main problems faced by the workers:
- Low wages
- Poor living conditions
- Long working hours
- The dominance of foreign capitalists in industries
- Problems of Peasants:
- The peasants were socially and economically oppressed
- Most of the agricultural land was owned by nobles
- Only a small section of the peasants had their own land
- The taxes that the peasants had to pay were extremely high
- Formation of Social Democratic Workers’ Party
- Influence of the writings of Leo Tolstoy, Turgenev, Maxim Gorky, etc.
- The communist theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
- Russian participation in World War I.
Question 31.
List the reforms implemented by Lenin in Russia after the revolution.
Answer:
























































