Plus One

Reviewing Kerala Syllabus Plus One Computer Application Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf March 2023 helps in understanding answer patterns.

Kerala Plus One Computer Application Previous Year Question Paper March 2023

Time: 2 Hours
Total Score: 60 Marks

Answer any 5 questions from 1 to 6. Each carries 1 score. (5 × 1 = 5)

Question 1.
The base of hexadecimal number system is ____________ .
(2, 8, 10, 16)
Answer:
16

Question 2.
Pick the full form of HDMI from the following :
(High Definition Multiple Interface, High Definition Multimedia Interface, High Definition Multimedia Internet, High Definition Media Interface)
Answer:
High Definition Multimedia Interface

Question 3.
Name the error which is due to improper planning of the program’s logic
Answer:
Logical error

Question 4.
The multiple use of input or output operators in a single statements is called ……………………
Answer:
cascading

Question 5.
Write the keyword which is used to create symbolic constants whose value can never be changed during execution.
Answer:
const

Question 6.
Which among the following is not a search engine?
(Google, Bing, Ask, Mozilla Firefox)
Answer:
Mozilla Firefox

Answer any 9 questions from 7 to 18. Each carries 2 score. (9 × 2 = 18)

Question 7.
Convert as directed:
(a) (38)₁₀ = (?)₂
(b) (AB)₁₆ = (?)₈
Answer:
a.(100110)₂
b. (AB)₁₆ (10101011)₂ = (253)₈

Question 8.
Write a note about Unicode.
Answer:
ലോകത്തിലെ മിക്കവാറും എല്ലാ ലിഖിത ഭാഷകളിലെയും ഡാറ്റയെ പ്രതിനിധീകരിക്കാൻ യൂണികോഡ് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.

Question 9.
List and explain the four freedoms for free and open source software defined by Free Software Foundation (FSF)
Answer:
നാലു തരത്തിലുള്ള സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം താഴെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.

1. Freedom 0 : ഏത് കാര്യത്തിനു വേണമെങ്കിലും ഉപോഗി ക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം.
2. Freedom 1 : പ്രോഗ്രാം എങ്ങനെ പ്രവർത്തിക്കുമെന്നും, പ്രോഗ്രാമിൽ വ്യക്തികളുടെ ആവശ്യത്തിന് അനുസരിച്ച് മാറ്റ ങ്ങൾ വരുത്തുന്നതിനും ഉള്ള സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം.
3. Freedom 2 : പ്രോഗ്രാമിന്റെ പകർപ്പ് എടുത്ത് വിതരണം ചെയ്യുന്നതിനുള്ള സ്വാതന്ത്യം.
4. Freedom 3 : പ്രോഗ്രാമിന്റെ കോഡിൽ മാറ്റം വരുത്തുന്ന തിനും വീണ്ടും അവതരിപ്പിക്കുവാനുമുള്ള സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം. ഫ്രീ ആയിട്ടുള്ളതും പ്രോഗ്രാമിന്റെ കോഡ് നൽകിയിട്ടുള്ളതുമായ സോഫ്റ്റ്വെയറുകൾ ചുവടെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.

Question 10.
Explain any four advantages of flowcharts.
Answer:
മികച്ച ആശയവിനിമയം, ഫലപ്രദമായ സമന്വയം, ഫലപ്രദമായ വിശകലനവും ഫലപ്രദമായ കോഡിംഗും.

Question 11.
(a) Define Coding (1)
(b) The program written in any HLL is known as ___________ (1)
Answer:
a) കോഡ് എഴുതുന്ന പ്രക്രിയയെ കോഡിംഗ് എന്ന് വിളിക്കുന്നു.
b) Source code

Question 12.
Pick the invalid identifier from the following list and give reason for invalidity:
(world_cup, world_cup, world_cup, 2 world_cup, break, world_cup 2022)
Answer:
world.cup – Special character is used
world cup – White space is not allowed.
2worldcup – It is started with digit
break It is a keyword

Question 13.
Given x = 6, y = 3. Find the value of z in the following expression:
z = 5 + \(\frac{x}{y}\)
Answer:
z = 5 + 2 = 7

Question 14.
List any four relational operators in C++.
Answer:
Relational operators are <,<=,>,>=,== and !=

Question 15.
List any four guidelines for coding
Answer:
കോഡിംഗിനുള്ള മാർഗ്ഗനിർദ്ദേശങ്ങൾ താഴെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.

1. അനുയോജ്യമായ naming conventions ഉപയോഗിക്കുക.
2. വ്യക്തവും ലളിതവുമായ പദപ്രയോഗങ്ങൾ ഉപയോഗിക്കുക.
3. ആവശ്യമുള്ളിടത്തെല്ലാം comments ഉപയോഗിക്കുക.

Question 16.
Explain the working of if …………………… else statement in C++
Answer:

if... else statement:
Syntax: if (condition)
}
Statement block1;
}
Else
{
}
Statement block2;

ആദ്യം കണ്ടീഷൻ വിലയിരുത്തും. ശരിയാണെങ്കിൽ സ്റ്റേറ്റ്മെന്റ് ബ്ലോക്ക് 1 എക്സിക്യൂട്ട് ചെയ്യും. അല്ലെങ്കിൽ സ്റ്റേറ്റ്മെന്റ് ബ്ലോക്ക് 2 എക്സിക്യൂട്ട് ചെയ്യും.

Question 17.
Explain the difference between hub and switch.
Answer:
Hub എന്നത് network ൽ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്ന ഒരു ഉപകരണമാ ണ്. Networkലെ ഒരു കമ്പ്യൂട്ടറിൽ നിന്ന് ഡാറ്റ എടുത്ത് network ലെ മറ്റു കമ്പ്യൂട്ടറിലേക്ക് അയച്ചുകൊടുക്കുവാൻ Hub സഹാ യിക്കുന്നു. ഒരേ സമയം തന്നെ ഒന്നിലധികം കമ്പ്യൂട്ടറുകൾ data transfer ചെയ്താൽ കൂട്ടിമുട്ടാനുള്ള സാധ്യതയുണ്ട്. Hub ഒരു ചീപ്പ് ആയ device ആണ് ഇതിൽ കൂടി വളരെ സാവധാനത്തിൽ മാത്രമേ ഡാറ്റ അയക്കാൻ സാധിക്കുകയുള്ളൂ.

Switch : സ്വിച്ചും ഡാറ്റ അയക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള ഒരു ഉപകരണ മാണ് ഇവിടെ collision rate വളരെ കുറവാണ്. ഇത് വളരെ സ്പീഡിൽ ഡാറ്റ അയക്കുന്നു. പക്ഷേ ഇത് വളരെ വിലപിടിച്ച താണ്.

Question 18.
Write any four advantages of e-Business.
Answer:
ഇ ബിസിനസ്സിന്റെ നേട്ടങ്ങൾ :

1. സ്ഥല പരിമിതി ഇല്ലായ്മ ചെയ്യുന്നു.
2. കച്ചവടം നടത്തുന്നതിനുള്ള ചെലവുകൾ കുറയ്ക്കുന്നു.
3. സമയ നഷ്ടം കുറയ്ക്കുന്നു.
4. ഏത് സമയത്തും തുറന്നിരിക്കാം.
5. ഉൽപ്പന്നങ്ങൾ വേഗത്തിൽ തെരഞ്ഞെടുക്കുവാൻ സഹായി ക്കുന്നു.

Answer any 9 questions from 19 to 29. Each carries 3 score. (9 × 3 = 27)

Question 19.
Explain any three adavatages of Computers.
Answer:
കംമ്പ്യൂട്ടറുകളുടെ മൂന്ന് ഗുണങ്ങൾ

1. Speed – ഇതിന് വളരെ വേഗത്തിൽ ജോലികൾ ചെയ്യാൻ സാധിക്കും.
2. Accuracy – ഇവ produce ചെയ്യുന്ന ഉത്തരങ്ങൾ വളരെ കൃത്യതയുള്ളതാണ്.
3. Diligence – ഇവ വളരെ ചുറുചുറുക്കുള്ളതാണ്. കുറേ നേരം ജോലി ചെയ്താൽ മനുഷ്യന്മാർ ക്ഷീണിക്കാനും മുഷി യാനും, ശ്രദ്ധ പോകാനും സാധ്യതയുണ്ട്. എന്നാൽ കമ്പ ട്ടർ ഒരു machine ആയതിനാൽ ഒട്ടും ക്ഷീണവും മുഷിവും ഇല്ലാതെയും വിശ്രമം ഇല്ലാതെയും മണിക്കൂറുകളോളം ജോലി ചെയ്യാൻ സാധിക്കും.

Question 20.
(a) What is e-Waste? (1)
(b) List of four-e Waste disposal methods (2)
Answer:
a) ഇ – വേസ്റ്റ് (electronic waste) : ശരിയായി പ്രവർത്തി ക്കാത്ത അല്ലെങ്കിൽ കേടായ ഇലക്ട്രോണിക് ഉൽപ്പന്നങ്ങ ളായ കമ്പ്യൂട്ടറുകൾ, മൊബൈൽ ഫോണുകൾ, ടിവികൾ, സിഎഫ്എൽ മുതലായവയെ ഇ- വേസ്റ്റ് എന്ന് പറയുന്നു.

b) ഇ- വേസ്റ്റ് സംസ്ക്കരിക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള മാർഗ്ഗങ്ങൾ

1. റീയൂസ് – ഇ – വേസ്റ്റുകളിൽ ഉപയോഗിക്കുവാൻ സാധി ക്കുന്നത് വീണ്ടും ഉപയോഗിക്കുക.
2. ഇൻസിനറേഷൻ : ഒരു ചിമ്മിണിയിൽ തീവ്രതയുള്ള ചൂട് ഉപയോഗിച്ച് കത്തിച്ച് കളയുക.
3. റീസൈക്ലിങ്ങ് : ഇ – വേസ്റ്റ് ഉപയോഗിച്ച് പുതിയ ഉൽപ്പന്ന ങ്ങൾ നിർമ്മിക്കുക.
4. നിലം നികത്തുക : വലിയ കുഴികളെടുത്ത് ഇ- വേസ്റ്റ് അതിൽ കുഴിച്ച് മൂടുക അതിനുശേഷം മണ്ണിട്ട് നിക ത്തുക.

Question 21.
Draw the flowchart to find perimeter of a rectangle.
Answer:

Question 22.
Categorize the following token and fill up the given table by placing them at the proper places :
(93.5, “Football”, +, float, long, %)

Keywords	Literals	Operators

Answer:

Keywords	Literals	Operators
Float, long	93.5, “Football”	+, %

Question 23.
Explain any three fundamental data types in C++.
Answer:
Fundamental data types: ഇവയെ ബിൽറ്റ് ഇൻ ഡാറ്റാ ടൈപ്പ് എന്ന് പറയുന്നു.

i) int data type : ദശാംശ സംഖ്യകളല്ലാത്ത സംഖ്യകളെ സ്റ്റോർ ചെയ്യുവാൻ ഇതുപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. ഇവ രണ്ട് തര ത്തിലുണ്ട്. നെഗറ്റീവും പോസറ്റീവും. 4 ബൈറ്റ് മെമ്മറി യാണ് ഇവ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നത്. അതായത് 2³², ഇത്രയും സംഖ്യകൾ സ്റ്റോർ ചെയ്യാൻ സാധിക്കും. ഇതിൽ 2³¹ നെഗ റ്റീവ് നമ്പറുകളും 2³¹ പോസറ്റീവ് നമ്പറുകളും ഉണ്ടായി രിക്കും. (0 യെ പോസിറ്റീവ് ആയി പരിഗണിക്കും) -2³¹ മുതൽ + 2³¹ – 1 വരെയുള്ള ഏതെങ്കിലും ഒരു സംഖ്യ സ്റ്റോർ ചെയ്യാം.

i) char data type :- കീബോർഡിലെ ഏതെങ്കിലും ഒരു ക്വാരക്റ്റർ സ്റ്റോർ ചെയ്യാൻ ഇത് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. ഉദാ: ‘A’, ‘?’, ‘9’…… ഒരു ബൈറ്റ് മെമ്മറിയാണ് ഇത് ഉപ യോഗിക്കുന്നത്. ⁸2 = 256 ക്യാരക്റ്ററുകൾ സ്റ്റോർ ചെയ്യാൻ സാധിക്കും. ഓരോ ക്യാരക്റ്ററിനും ഒരു ആസ്കി കോഡ് ഉണ്ടായിരിക്കും, a യുടെ ആസ്കി കോഡ് 97 ആണ്. A യുടെ ആസ്കി കോഡ് 65 ആണ്. പൂജ്യത്തി ന്റേത് 48 ആണ്.

iii) float data type :- ദശാംശ സംഖ്യകൾ സ്റ്റോർ ചെയ്യാൻ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. 4 ബൈറ്റാണ് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നത്. ഉദാ : 67.89, 89.9 E-15.

Question 24.
(a) What is type modifier? (1)
(b) List the four types modifiers in C++ (2)
Answer:
a) Fundamental data type കളുടെ ഡിഫോൾട്ട് പ്രോപ്പർട്ടി കൾ (പരിധിയും വലുപ്പവും) പരിഷ്കരിക്കാൻ ടൈപ്പ് മോഡി ഫയറുകൾ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.
b) signed, unsigned, long and short. 25. switch(expression)

Question 25.
Write the syntax of switch statement in C++
Answer:

}
case case_value1 :statement block1;
break;
case case_value2:statement block2;
break;
case case_value3:statement block3;
break;
..
..
default:
statement n;
}

Question 26.
Consider the following URL and classify the different parts of the URL.
Answer:
https Protocol
hscap.kerala.gov.in – Domain name
student_status.php – file name.

Question 27.
Explain any three advantages of using e-mail.
Answer:
E-mail ന്റെ നേട്ടങ്ങൾ താഴെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.

1. Speed കൂടുതലാണ്.
2. വളരെ ചീപ്പ് ആണ്.
3. ഒന്നിലധികം ആളുകൾക്ക് ഒരു മെസ്സേജ് e-mail ആയിട്ട് അയക്കാം.
4. Incoming message നമുക്ക് നമ്മുടെ കമ്പ്യൂട്ടറിൽ സേവ് ചെയ്യാം.
5. ഇത് പേപ്പറിന്റെ ദുരുപയോഗം കുറയ്ക്കുന്നു.
6. Mail box എപ്പോൾ വേണമെങ്കിൽ എവിടെ നിന്നും access ചെയ്യാം.

Question 28.
Explain the different classification of social media.
Answer:
വിവിധ തരത്തിലുള്ള സോഷ്യൽ മീഡിയകൾ താഴെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.

• Internet forums : സാമൂഹിക, രാഷ്ട്രീയ, വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ എന്നീ തരത്തിലുള്ള പ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ ചർച്ച ചെയ്യുവാനും ആശയങ്ങൾ കൈമാറാനും ഇന്റർനെറ്റിൽ ലഭ്യമായിട്ടുള്ള ഒരു സംവിധാനമാണ് ഇന്റർനെറ്റ് ഫോറംസ്.
• Social blogs : ഒരു പ്രത്യേക വിഷയത്തെക്കുറിച്ച് ചർച്ച കൾ നടത്തുവാനും ആശയങ്ങൾ കൈമാറുവാനും ഇൻർനെറ്റിലുള്ള സംവിധാനമാണിത്. ഉദാ : Blogger.com
• Microblogs : ചെറിയ സന്ദേശങ്ങൾ, മൾട്ടിമീഡിയ ഫയ ലുകൾ എന്നിവ ഇന്റർനെറ്റിൽ കൂടി
  കൈമാറ്റം ചെയ്യു വാൻ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. Eg. www.twitter.com
• Wikis : ഇതിൽ കൂടി വിവിധ വിഷയങ്ങളെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള നമ്മുടേതായ ചില ചിന്തകൾ പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കാൻ സാധിക്കും . Eg. www. wikipedia .org
• Social networks : നമ്മുടേതായ ചിന്തകൾ പോസ്റ്റ് ചെയ്യുവാനും മറ്റുള്ളവരുടെ പോസ്റ്റുകൾ കാണുവാനും സാധിക്കുന്ന ചില വെബ്സൈറ്റുകളാണ് ഇത്. Eg. www.facebook.com
• Content communities : ഇത്തരത്തിലുള്ള വെബ്സൈറ്റുകൾ ഉപയോഗിച്ച് മൾട്ടിമീഡിയ ഫയലു കൾ പങ്കിടാൻ സാധിക്കും. Eg. www.youtube.com

Question 29.
Explain any three e-learning tools.
Answer:
ഇ-ലേണിങ്ങ് ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ
a) ഇ ബുക്ക് റീഡർ : ടാബ്ലെറ്റ്, കൊണ്ടുനടക്കാവുന്ന കമ്പ്യൂ ട്ടർ എന്നിവ ഉപയോഗിച്ച് അതിലുള്ള ഡിജിറ്റൽ ഫയലുകൾ വായിക്കുവാൻ സഹായിക്കുന്ന സോഫ്റ്റ് വെയറാണ് ഇ ബുക്ക് റീഡർ.

b) ഇ ടെക്സ്റ്റ് ഇലക്ട്രോണിക് രൂപത്തിലുള്ള ടെക്സ്റ്റ് ഡാറ്റയെ ഇ – ടെക്സ്റ്റ് എന്ന് പറയുന്നു.

c) ഓൺലൈൻ ചാറ്റ് : ഇന്റർനെറ്റ് വഴി രണ്ടിലധികം വ്യക്തികൾ തമ്മിൽ ഒരേസമയത്ത് ടെക്സ്റ്റ്, ഓഡിയോ, വീഡിയോ എന്നീ ഫയലുകൾ കൈമാറ്റം ചെയ്യുന്നതിനും ഓൺലൈൻ ചാറ്റ് എന്ന് പറയുന്നു.

Answer any 2 questions from 30 to 32. Each carries 5 score. (2 × 5 = 10)

Question 30.
List and Explain any five input devices.
Answer:
Input/ Output devices: കമ്പ്യൂട്ടറിന് ഡാറ്റ കൊടുക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള ഉപകരണങ്ങളാണ് Input devices. അവ താഴെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.

1) Keyboard – സാധാരണയായി ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്ന ഒരു ഉപ കരണമാണിത്. സാധാരണ ഒരു കീബോർഡിൽ 101 key ഉണ്ട്. കീബോഡിൽ Alphabets, അക്കങ്ങൾ, special characters, Arrow keys എന്നിവയുണ്ട്. ഒരു key അമർത്തുമ്പോൾ അതിന്റെ electronic code computer ലേക്ക് അയക്കുന്നു.

2) Mouse – ഇത് ഒരു printing device ആണ്. Cursor അല്ലെങ്കിൽ Pointer ന്റെ സ്ക്രീനിൽ ഉള്ള നീക്കങ്ങൾ നിയ ന്തിക്കാൻ ഇത് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. ഒരു മൗസിന് രണ്ടാ അല്ലെങ്കിൽ മൂന്നോ ബട്ടണുകൾ ഉണ്ട്. ഇത് സാധാരണ ഉപ യോഗിക്കുന്നത് GUI ആയിട്ടുള്ള O.S.ലാണ്. മൗസിന് താഴെ ഒരു ബോൾ ഉണ്ട്. മൗസ് നീങ്ങുമ്പോൾ ആ ബോളും നീങ്ങു ന്നു. ആ നീക്കത്തിനനുസരിച്ച് xനും yക്കും digital വില കൾ ലഭിക്കുന്നു. അങ്ങനെ മൗസിന്റെ നീക്കങ്ങൾ സ്ക്രീനിൽ നിയന്ത്രിക്കുന്നു.

3) Light pen – ഇത് ഒരു ഇൻപുട്ട് device ആണ്. ഇത് ഒരു light sensitive detector ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. Objectകളെ സ്ക്രീനിൽ നിന്നും നേരിട്ട് കണ്ടുപിടിക്കുന്നതിന്. ഒരു ചെറിയ ട്യൂബിനകത്ത് ഒരു photo cell വെച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. ഇതാണ് light pen ൻ്റെ structure.

4) Touch Screen – വ്യക്തികൾക്ക് സ്ക്രീനിൽ സ്പർശിച്ചു കൊണ്ട് ഡാറ്റയും നിർദ്ദേശങ്ങളും കൊടുക്കുവാൻ സഹാ യിക്കുന്നു. ഈ സാങ്കേതിക വിദ്യ ടാബ്ലെറ്റ്, സെൽഫോൺ, കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ എന്നിവയിൽ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.

5) Graphic Tablet – ഇതിൽ ഒരു പ്രത്യേക സ്ഥലമുണ്ട്. അതിൽ പ്രത്യേക പേന ഉപയോഗിച്ച് വ്യക്തികൾക്ക് ചിത്ര ങ്ങൾ വരയ്ക്കാൻ സാധിക്കും.

Question 31.
Consider the following C++ code
int n = 1;
while (n<=10)
{
cout <<n<<“\t”;
n+=2;
(a) Write the output of above code (1)
(b) Identify the loop elements of the above code. (2)
(c) Convert the above code using for loop (2)
Answer:
a) 13579

b) Initialisation – int n=1;
Checking – n<=10;
Body of the loop – cout<<n<<“\t”;
Updation – n+=2;

c) for(int n=1;n<=10;n+=2)
cout<<n<<“\t”;

Question 32.
(a) List the various types of guided communication channels. (3)
(b) Explain any one guided communication channel.
Answer:
(a) The coaxial cable, twisted pair cable (Ethernet cable) and optical fibre cable are the different types of guided medium.

(b) Guided Media (any one)
1) Twisted Pair cable – രണ്ട് തരത്തിലുണ്ട്. Unshieldedഉം Shieldedഉം. രണ്ട് copper wireകൾ ഓരോന്നും plastic cover ഉള്ളത് കുട്ടി പിരിച്ചിട്ട് വേറൊരു plastic cover നുള്ളിൽ വെച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു.

2) Coaxial cable – ഇവിടെ രണ്ട് copper wireനു പകരം ഒരു തടിച്ച ചെമ്പ് കമ്പി പ്ലാസ്റ്റിക് കൊണ്ട് പൊതി ഞ്ഞിരിക്കുന്നു. അതിനെ ഒരു ചാലകം കൊണ്ട് വല പോലെ ചുറ്റിയിട്ടുണ്ടാവും. ഇത് വേറൊരു plastic coating ലുള്ളിൽ വെച്ചിട്ടുണ്ടായിരിക്കും. ഇത് വിലയേ റിയതാണ്, flexible അല്ല, install ചെയ്യാൻ ബുദ്ധി മുട്ടുമാണ്. പക്ഷേ, ഇത് വളരെ വിശ്വസനീയവും, ‘കൂടു തൽ ഡാറ്റ കൈകാര്യം ചെയ്യാൻ സാധിക്കുന്നതുമാണ്.

3) Optical fibre – Glassനെ ഒരു പ്രത്യേക രീതിയിൽ കൈകാര്യം ചെയ്താണ് Optical fibre ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നത്. ഇതിനെ കൂടുതൽ സുരക്ഷിതമാക്കുന്നതിനുവേണ്ടി വേറൊരു plastic jacketനുളളിലാക്കുന്നു. ഇവിടെ electrical signalലിനു പകരം light signal ആണ് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നത്. LED, ILD എന്നിങ്ങനെയുള്ള light source കളാണ് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നത്.

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One Botany Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf Board Model Paper 2023 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One Botany Board Model Paper 2023 with Answers

I. Answer any three questions from 1-5. Each carries 1 score. (3 × 1 = 3)

Question 1.
Observe the relationship between the first two terms and fill in the blank.
Mushroom : Agaricus
Bread mould : ________
Answer:
Rhizopus

Question 2.
All the tissues on the inner side of endodermis together constitute ______
Answer:
Stele

Question 3.
Complete oxidation of organic substance in the presence of oxygen is ______
Answer:
Aerobic respiration

Question 4.
Observe the figure given below. It shows two phases in the life cycle of Funaria. Identify and write the phase marked as ‘A’.

Answer:
Sporophytic stage

Question 5.
Name the enzyme present in plants which shows carboxylation and oxygenation activity.
Answer:
RuBisCO

II. Answer any 9 questions from 6-16. Each carries 2 scores. (9 × 2 = 18)

Question 6.
Diatoms, the chief producers in the ocean are useful in many ways. Evaluate the statement.
Answer:
Cell wall remains of diatoms in ocean floor is called Diatomaceous earth if is used in polishing, filtration of oils and syrups.

Question 7.
An important model of the structure of plasma membrance was proposed by Singer and Nicolson.
(a) What is this model called?
(b) Which component forms bilayer?
(c) Identify and write the two types of proteins present in plasma membrane.
Answer:
(a) Fluid mosaic model.
(b) Phospholipids.
(c) Integral protein and peripheral protein

Question 8.
Observe the following phases of nuclear divisions during mitosis and answer the following questions.

(a) Name the two phase ‘A’ and ‘B’
(b) What are the main events occurring in ‘A’ phase?
Answer:
(a) A- Anaphase.
B – Telophase.

(b) • Centromeres split and chromatids separate.
• Chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell

Question 9.
Give the scientific term for the following.
(a) Pairing of homologous chromosomes.
(b) Echange of genetic material between two homologous chromosomes.
Answer:
(a) Synapsis.
(b) Crossing over.

Question 10.
Match the following:

A	B
Prothallus	Mosses
Coralloid roots	Gametophyte
Floridean starch	Cycas
Protonema	Red algae

Answer:

A	B
Prothallus	Gametophyte
Coralloid roots	Cycas
Floridean starch	Red algae
Protonema	Mosses

Question 11.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) and Smooth endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) are morphologically and functionally different. Justify this statement.
Answer:

A	B
Endoplasmic reticulum bearing ribosomes on their surface is called RER.	Endoplasmic reticulum devoid of ribosomes on their surface is called SER.
RER is involved in protein synthesis and secretion	SER is involved in synthesis of lipids and steroid hormones

Question 12.
Observe the given graph. The graph represents the phases of growth.

(a) Name the growth curve.
(b) Name the different phases of growth represented as (a), (b) and (c).
Answer:
a) Geometrical growth curve
b) (a) Lag phase.
(b) Log or.exponential phase.
(c) Stationary phase

Question 13.
Fermentation is the incomplete oxidation of pyruvic acid. Find the difference between two types of fermentation in microorganisms.
Answer:

Alcoholic fermentation	Lactic acid fermentation
The product formed are CO2 and ethyl alcohol.	The product formed is Lactic acid
Alcoholic fermentation is carried out by Yeast.	Shown by Lactobacillus bacteria and Muscle cells.

Question 14.
Observe the following diagram a, b, c, d identify the placentation.

Answer:
(a) Marginal placentation.
(b) Axile placentation.
(c) Parietal placentation.
(d) Free central placentation.

Question 15.
Choose the appropriate function from the bracket and fill the blank against each plant hormone in the table. (Ripening of fruits, Increase the length of stem in sugarcane, Induce parthenocarpy, Helps to overcome apical dominance)

Plant hormone	Function of hormone
Auxin
Gibberellins
Cytokinin
Ethylene

Answer:

Plant hormone	Function of hormone
Auxin	Induce parthenocarpy
Gibberellins	Increase the length of stem in sugarcane
Cytokinin	Helps to overcome apical dominance
Ethylene	Ripening of fruits

Question 16.
(a) Which is the special leaf anatomy seen in C₄ plants?
(b) Productivity and yield are better in C₄ plants than C₃ plants. Why?
Answer:
(a) Kranz anatomy
(b) They lack a process called photo-respiration.
They can fix CO₂ in low atmospheric CO₂ concentration.
They can tolerate higher temperature conditions

III. Answer any 3 questions from 17-20. Each carries 3 scores. (3 × 3 = 9)

Question 17.
The following are the anatomical features of flowering plants. Arrange these features in the table given below.
i) Exarch xylem
ii) Presence of hypodermis
iii) Palisade parenchyma
iv) Conjoint and open vascular bundle
v) Endodermis with casparian strips
vi) Large empty bulliform cells

Stem	Root	Leaf
Presence of hypodermis	Exarch xylem	Palisade parenchyma
Conjoint open bundle	Endodermis with casparian strips	Large empty bulliform cells

Question 18.
Observe the figure ‘A’ and ‘B’ and answer the questions.
Img- 1
(a) Define venation.
(b) Name and explain the type of venation in ‘A’ and ‘B’.
Answer:
(a) The arrangement of veins and veinlet in the leaf lamina is called venation.

(b) A’ – Reticulate Venation: Vein and veinlet form a network on leaf lamina. eg. dicotyledonous plants.
‘B’- Parallel Venation: Vein and veinlet run parallel to each other on leaf lamina. eg. monocotytedonous plants.

Question 19.
Photophosphorylation takes place during photosynthesis.
(a) Name the two types of photophos-phorylations.
(b) Mention the differences between them.
Answer:
(a) Cyclic Photophosphorylation Non cyclic Photophosphorylation
(b)

Cyclic photo – phosphorylation	Non-cyclic photo-phosphorylation
Electrons are transported in cyclic manner	Electrons are „ transported in non- cyclic manner.
Only PS -I is involved	Both PS-I and PS-II are involved
Only ATP is produced	Both ATP and NADPH+H* are produced.
Photolysis of water is absent	Photolysis of water is present
Oxygen is not liberated	Oxygen is liberated

Question 20.
Glycolysis is the partial oxidation of glucose to produce 2 molecules of pyruvic acid
(a) Where does glycolysis occur?
(b) Steps of glycolysis are given below. Write the name of compounds marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d).

Answer:
(a) Cytoplasm
(b) (a) Fructose-6-phosphate
(b) 3-phosphoglyceric acid
(c) Phosphoenolpyruvate
(d) Pyruvic acid

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One Botany Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf March 2019 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One Botany Previous Year Question Paper March 2019

Answer all questions from question numbers 1 to 3. Each carry 1 score. (3 × 1 = 3)

Question 1.
Choose the Correct answer.
A structure seen in bacterial cell is _______
a) Nucleus
b) Lysosome
c) Plastid
d) Mesosome
Answer:
d) Mesosome

Question 2.
Observe the relationship between the first two terms and fill in the blank.
a) Mushroom : Agaricus
b) Bread mould :
Answer:
b) Rhizopus

Question 3.
Fill in the blank:
Cytokinesis in animal cell takes place by the ap-pearance of a in the plasma membrane.
Answer:
Cleavage furrow

Answer any nine questions from 4 to 14. Each carries two score. (9 × 2 = 18)

Question 4.
Observe the figure given below.

Identify the process demonstrated in the figure. Write the role of membrane in this process.
Answer:
Osmosis,
Active transport and passive transport occurs

Question 5.
Certain thylakoid pigments are called accessory pigments. Name them, Write their significance.
Answer:

1. Chlorophyll b, xanthophylls and carotene
2. Protect chlorophyll a molecule from photo-oxidation.

Question 6.
Notice the three simple tissues given below.
a) Sclerenchyma
b) Parenchyma
c) Collenchyma
Identify and write the tissue that consists of cells that are thickened at the corners. Write the function of this tissue.
Answer:
c) Collenchymas
• It provides mechanical support

Question 7.
Write any two differences between aerobic respira-tion and anaerobic respiration.
Answer:

1. Aerobic respiration takesplace in cytoplasm and mitochondria with the help of oxygen
2. Anaerobic respiration takesplace in cytoplasm without the use of oxygen

Question 8.
Observe the figure given below. It shows two phases in the life cycle of a plant.

Identify the phase marked as A. Write any two peculiarities of this state.
Answer:

1. A-sporophytic generation
2. It is diploid stage.it produces spores

Question 9.
Karyokinesis of mitosis is divided into fourstages. Name the second and third stage. Write any two features of second stage.
Answer:

1. 2nd metaphase, 3rd anaphase
2. Chromosomes are arranged at equator
3. Spindle fibres are attached to kinetochore of chromosomes

Question 10.
Observe the figure given below.

Identify the parts a, b. Write their functions.
Answer:
a) Grana
b) Stroma
• In grana light reaction takesplace and energy rich molecules are produced
• In sroma dark reaction takesplace and energy rich molecules are utilized

Question 11.
C₄ plants have a special leaf anatomy. Name that antomy. Write three peculiarities of this kind of anatomy.
Answer:

1. Kranz anatomy
2. Two types of chloroplast present
3. Bundle sheath chloroplast is large and agranal

Question 12.
Observe the figure given below.

Name the complex. Write its functions, go
Answer:

1. ATP synthase complex
2. It act as proton channel and oxidative phosphorylation takesplace.

Question 13.
Observe the elements given below.
Copper, Phosphorus, Boron, Magnesium, Potassium, Manganese, Chlorien Choose microelements from the above.
Answer:
Copper, boron, manganese and chlorine

Question 14.
Match the items of column A with B

A	B
a) Reduction	i) Formation of oxygen
b) Photolysis	ii) Formation of 3-PGA
c) Photorespiration	iii) Formation of PEP
d) Carboxylation	iv) Formation of glucose
	v) Formation of phosphoglycolate

Answer:

A	B
a) Reduction	formatipn of glucose
b) Photolysis	formation of oxygen
c) Photorespiration	formation of phosphoglycolate
d) Carboxylation	formation of 3PGA

Answer any three questions from 15 to 18. Each carries three score. (3 × 3 = 9)

Question 15.
Write thee peculiarities of gynoecium seen in solanaceae and fabaceae.
Answer:

1. Solanaceae – bicarpellary, syncarpous and superior ovary with axile placentation
2. Fabaceae – monocarpellary, superior or half inferior ovary with marginal placentation

Question 16.
Plantgrowth regulators perform various functions in piant body.
a) Name the hormones responsible for apical dominance and bolting. Define the two phenomena.
b) Which plant hormone is referred to as an antagonist to gibberellic acid?
Answer:

1. Apical dominance-auxin Bolting-gibberellins
2. Apical dominance-Growth of apical bud inhibit the growth of lateral bud
3. Bolting-internodal elongation just prior to flowering

Question 17.
Name of three plants are given below.
a) Rhizophora eeognragnnoo
b) Bougainvillea aaiMaracnlnflgj
c) Pea oKoxd a.ajs1
Name the modifications seen in these plants. Write theirfunctions.
Answer:
a) Rhizophora-pneumatophore
• It helps in respiration

b) Bougainvillea-thorn
• It acts as defense structure

c) Pea-leaf tendril
• It helps in climbing

Question 18.
Observe the terms given below.
Xylem, Root hairs, Pith, Stomata, Cambium, Bulliform cells. From this, identify and write the structures seen in epidermal tissue system. Write their functions. (Hint: 3 structures)
Answer:

1. Root hair : absorption of water and minerals
2. Stomata : helps in gaseous exchange
3. Bulliform cells : it helps in rolling and unrolling of lamina.This help to reduce transpiration rate.

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One English Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf Board Model Paper 2020 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One English Board Model Paper 2020 with Answers

Time: 2½ Hours
Total Score: 80 Marks

(Question Nos. 1 – 4): Read the lines below and answer the question that follow: 1 Score each. (4 × 1 = 4)

Without Thee, what is all the morning’s wealth?
Come, blessed barrier between day by day
Dear mother of fresh thoughts and joyous health.

Question 1.
‘Thee’ is the old form of the word _________
a) me
b) you
c) it
Answer:
b) you

Question 2.
Whom does the poet call ‘mother of fresh thoughts’?
Answer:
Sleep

Question 3.
Identify the poetic device used in the second line.
Answer:
Metaphor

Question 4.
Identify the rhyming words.
Answer:
wealth-health

(Question Nos. 5 – 8): Rewrite as directed. 1 Score each. (4 × 1 = 4)

Question 5.
What a beautiful smile you have!
Answer:
You have a beautiful smile!

Question 6.
You should treat triumph and disaster just the same. Then you will be a man and the earth will be yours. (Connect the sentences using ‘if’)
Answer:
If you treat triumph and disaster just the same, you will be a man and the earth will be yours.

Question 7.
Mr. Gupta was very busy. Yet he decided to visit Maggie’s house.
(Connect the sentences using ‘though’)
Answer:
Though Mr. Gupta was very busy, he decided to visit Maggie’s house.

Question 8.
“I want work that will make me use my head, brain work”, said Maggie to Mr. Gupta. (Begin with : Maggie told Mr. Gupta that ……………… )
Answer:
Maggie told Gupta that she wanted work that would make use of her head, brain work.

(Questions Nos. 9 – 12): Read the piece of writing below and answer the questions that follow :

The devastating flood in 2018 followed by the series of landsides in 2019 in Kerala was indeed surprising. More surprising was the courage and determination shown by the people of Kerala in both the rescue operations and the rehabilitation activities. All the people, forgetting all disparities and differences, plunged into action with a spirited sense of unity.

Needless to say, this great event is an exemplification of the age old saying, ‘Unity is strength’. What else have we learnt from this? Undoubtedly, the Law of Nature. Yes, before Nature all are equal, irrespective of caste, creed, colour, religion, region, money, etc. All the walls built by man – ‘high or low’, ‘strong or weak’, ‘costly or cheap’ – were collapsed by Nature within seconds.

But alas! Even after learning the good lesson, man has started repairing and rebuilding those broken walls! He goes on sticking to the convertional saying, ‘Good fences make good neighbours’. Herein lies the irony. Modern man has knowledge. He has discretion. But unfortunately he is not ready to apply them in real life!

Question 9.
What was more surprising then the occurence of flood and landslides? (1)
Answer:
The courage and determination shown by the people of Kerala in both the rescue operations and the rehabilitation activities.

Question 10.
What, according to the writer, does the Law Nature say? (1)
Answer:
The Law of Nature says all are equal, irrespective of caste, creed, colour, religion, region, money, etc.

Question 11.
Find out the word which means ‘traditional’. (1)
Answer:
Conventional

Question 12.
Suggest a suitable title to the piece of writing. (1)
Answer:
The Lesson the Devastating Floods and Landslides of 2018 & 2019 Give

Question 13.
Prepare a precise summary of the above piece of writing, reducing it to one third of its length. (4)
Answer:
In 2018 there was a devastating flood and in 2019 there was a series of landslides. But the people of Kerala stood united to overcome the problems. They taught us that before Nature all are equal. But slowly we are forgetting the lesson of unity we learnt during the disasters. We often forget to apply our knowledge and discretion and go back to our old divisive ways of life.

Question 14.
The passage given below contains a few errors. Edit the passage.
Young Stephen is no prodigy. He was just a ordinary English boy, slow for learning to read, his handwriting the despair of his teachers! He ranked no more than halfway up in his class.
Answer:
Young Stephen was no prodigy. He was just an ordinary English boy, slow in learning to read, his handwriting the despair of his teachers! He ranked not more than halfway up in his class.

(Question Nos. 15 – 16) : Answer all questions. Each carries 2 scores. (2 × 2 = 4)

Question 15.
“Country life has its advantages”, Nicholay used to say.
Write two advantages of living in country side.
Answer:
a) The country side is much less polluted than the towns and cities.
b) There is less hurry and haste in the countryside.

Question 16.
According to Esther Dyson, Cyberspace has many wonderful possibilites.
Mention two such possibilities.
Answer:
a) It has many information and entertainment services.
b) Cyberspace allows communities of any size to flourish; in democracy, minority groups are squeezed out or ignored.

(Question Nos. 17 – 19 : Answer any 2 questions in 2 or 3 sentences. Each carries 3 scores. (2 × 3 = 6)

Question 17.
Dr. Kalam wants every youth to be unique. What does he mean by ‘being unique’?
Answer:
Unique means something for which there is no other example. Each person is unique because there is nobody else exactly like him. Each person is gifted in his own way and so Kalam tells people: “Be you, don’t try to be somebody else”.

Question 18.
In this article ‘Is Society Dead?’ Andrew Sullivan refers to the ‘i-Pod people’. Who are ‘i-Pod people?
Answer:
The i-pod people are those who walk around with wires hanging down from their ears, and their i-pods tucked into their pockets. They are oblivious to the world around them. Even when people say ‘hello’ to them, they don’t seem to hear as they are fully immersed in their musical world.

Question 19.
Max Beerbohm’s objection to ‘walking for walking sake’ is that it stopes the brain. Why does he say so?
Answer:
He thinks that a person’s power to instruct or to amuse when he is sitting on a chair or standing on a hearth-rug leaves him when he goes for walking for walking’s sake. Plenty of ideas come to him when he is in a room. But when he goes out all those ideas evaporate. His knowledge goes away, his imagination dries up and light goes from his eyes and he will go on repeating the same thing.

(Question Nos. 20 – 25): Answer any 4 questions in about 60 words. Each carries 4 scores. (4 × 4 = 16)

Question 20.
‘Computers can never substitute human brain’.
Two points of argument in favour of the above statement are given below:
• Human brain is the most powerful device in the world.
• Computers themselves are the products of human brain.
Write four points opposing the statement.
Answer:
a) Computers have better memories, so they can be fed a large amount of information and we can tap into all of it almost instantaneously.

b) Computers don’t require sleep the way humans do, so they can calculate, analyze and perform tasks tirelessly and round the clock.

c) Computers are simply more accurate in a wide range of high-value functions than we are.

d) They’re not affected or influenced by emotions, feelings, wants, needs and other factors that often cloud the judgement of people.

Question 21.
Imagine, you happen to visit the Fijian village of Namuana and meet the women there. Out of curiosity, you wold like to know more about the strange ritual of turtle calling. Write four questions.
Answer:
a) Can you please tell us why you perform this ritual?

b) Do you think the turtles will appear when you make this chant?

c) Do you really believe that princess Tinaicogoba and her daughter Raudalice were turned into turtles?

d) Do you still hate the people of Nabukelevu village for taking away your princess and her daughter?

Question 22.
The crew of the Titanic are considered real heroes. Why? Describe the unusual courage shown by those heroes.
Answer:
The crew of the Titanic are real heroes. Captain Smith was the commander of the ship. When the huge iceberg collided with the ship, the ship wrecked. Captain Smith not even for a moment thought of saving his life. He told the Crew that they were British and they should remember their country and do their duty. They decided to send the women and children in the lifeboats. The crew had no hope of saving themselves. The Titanic sank from sight as the band played “Nearer my God to Thee”. This shows the unusual courage shown by those heroes.

Question 23.
Elaborate the idea in the following lines :
Your heads must come
To the cold tomb;
Only the actions of the just
Smell sweet and blossom in their dust.
Answer:
One day all people have to die as death shows no discrimination between the rich and the poor, male and female, educated and illiterate or master and slave. Only the actions of the just and honest people will smell sweet and become beautiful flowers in their dust. It means the good things done by the righteous will be gratefully remembered by the living.

Question 24.
Prepare a brief profile of K. Sivan, developing the hints below:

Kailasavadivoo Sivan

Birth : 14 April 1957, Kanyakumar District, Tamil Nadu
Education : S.T. Hindu College, Nagercoil (B.Sc.)
Madras Institute of Technology (BE)
Indian Institute of Science (ME)
Indian Institute of Technology Mumbai (Ph.D.)
Positions held : Director of VSSC
Chairman of ISRO (15 January 2018)
Achievements : 104 Satellites with PSLV.
The Chandrayaan-2 mission
Answer:
Dr. Kailasavadivoo Sivan was born on 14 April 1957 in the Kanyakumari District of Tamil Nadu. He did his B.Sc. in S.T. Hindu College, Nagercoil. He got his BE from the Madras Institute of Technology. He had his doctoral research and got his Ph.D. from the Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai. He held various prestigious positions. He served as the Director of VSSC (Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre) Thiruvananthapuram. He has been serving as the Chairman of ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) since 15 January 2018. He has supervised the launching of 104 Satellites with PSLV. Under his chairmanship, ISRO launched Chandrayaan-2, the second mission to the moon on July 22, 2019.

Question 25.
Imagine you are a TV reporter. Now you are standing at La Villette. Le Horla is about to take off. Prepare a live report of the event.
Answer:
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Today is the day, 8^th July, for Le Horla is taking off from La Villette. We are right in front of Le Horla, the hot air balloon. It is getting filled up and is swelling and wriggling like a huge worm. It is surrounded by some 300 enthusiastic people. Now the passengers are getting in. The Captain is Jovis. The others in the basket attached to the balloon are Lieutenant Mallet, M. Etierine Beer, M. Paul Bessand, and M. Patrice Eyries. I see them talking animatedly. Now Patrice Eyries is coming down. It seems he can’t go because the balloon can’t take the weight of all of them. He walks away dejectedly. Poor guy! All his dream of an adventure is gone!

M. Joliet tells the ladies to keep off. When the balloon lifts sand will be thrown into their hats. He cuts the ropes that hold the balloon to the ground. Look! Le Horla is lifting upward, like a bird lifts off. Up, up and up goes the balloon! People scream with joy! Le Horla climbs above the city of Paris and it is slowly disappearing! The sight of the earth from the balloon will be fantastic. We wish the passengers a lot of luck!

(Question Nos. 26 – 30): Answer any 3 question in about 120 words. Eahc carries 6 scores. (3 × 6 = 18)

Question 26.
‘Compassion’ is the attitude of sharing the sufferings of others.
No doubt, Hasan in an embodiment of compassion. What other qualities does he have?
Analyze the character of Hasan.
Answer:
Hasan was the serang of Ranaganji, a passenger ship sailing to Calcutta with nearly 1500 passengers. The Chief Physician on the ship was A.J. Cronin. When Cronin reported to the captain of the ship that two lascar deck hands had small pox, Hasan volunteered to nurse them. He made a shelter in the stern of the ship into which the infected persons were removed. Later there were more people and the number of the sick went up to 14. When two sick men who were Hindus died, Hasan sewed their shrouds and read loud a short passage from the Ramayana, although he himself was a devout Muslim. It showed his religious tolerance. Their bodies were cast overboard. When the ship reached Colombo, the sick men were taken to the hospital and Hasan was in the forefront to help them, although some of them were with running sores of smallpox. Normally no one would dare to do such things because small pox used to be such a killer disease. Hasan is a good example for a selfless, courageous, and sacrificing person and it is hard to find such people who will risk their life to save others.

Question 27.
‘Money like vodka can play queer tricks with a man’, says Ivan in ‘Goosberries’. Here money is compared to liquor. Like liquor, money makes a man play strange tricks. This is what we see in the present society. Modern man grows more and more selfish and greedy day to day. In order to make more money, he is ready to play any foul game. Unforunately he forgets the fact that money is one of the important things in life, not the only important thing.

What do you think about this situation? Prepare a blog, analysing your thoughts.
Answer:
I do agree that money is one of the important things in life, but certainly it is not the only important thing. It is not money that makes things work. Many things are done because of people’s firm determination and hard work. Many of the big events that have happened in the world, big changes that have come through, didn’t happen just through money.

When Mahatma Gandhi started the freedom struggle he didn’t do it because he had a lot of money. It is one’s vision that takes him along. Money has its role to play, but I surely don’t think money is everything. Money provides a man all necessities, comforts, amenities and luxuries. But money alone will not bring him happiness and contentment. Many wealthy people have committed suicide. Marilyn Monroe, Guru Dutt and Meena Kumari – all of them very popular, successful and rich film actors. There are things other than money which can raise a person higher in life.

A billionaire with an empty heart is worse than a poor man with a compassionate heart. Beyond money, there are things like love, sweet manners, sympathy and high esteem. A sincere, honest and dependable person is more contented and happy in life than a rich, heartless man.

Many famous and well-loved people like poets, artists, statesmen and philosophers lived and died in poverty but with contentment. They are still remembered and honoured for their great work. Nobody carries any money with him when he departs from this world. What go with him are the good deeds he had done while he was alive.

Question 28.
We can see some parents giving tab or mobile phone to their little children, just to make them eat a crumb of food. Is this kind of parenting good?

Attempt a write up on good parenting in the light of the stray ‘His First Flight’.
Answer:
We often see parents giving a tab or a mobile phone for their children just to make them eat a little food. This is very wrong. Children need not be ‘bribed’ to eat food. If they are hungry they will eat. Does any mother give a bribe to her small infant who is hungry? The infant informs its mother that it is hungry by crying and the mother feeds it.

In the story “His First Flight” by Liam O’Flaherty we see a good example of fine parenting. Here we see how the mother of a young sea gull who was afraid to fly out of its nest is persuaded by her to venture out. Even when the young seagull saw his brothers and sister running to the end of the ledge, flapping their wings and flying away, he did not have the courage to follow them. His father and mother shouted at him and threatened to starve him. But he was not ready to leave his nest and fly out.

Then the mother knew what to do. She knew the young seagull was starving. She sat on a plateau which could be reached only by flying. There she sat and started tearing a piece of fish at her feet. The sight of the food maddened the hungry young seagull. He made a low sound as if begging his mother to give him a piece. But the mother also made a low sound, showing she heard the cry but did not come near the nest. Then he cried ‘ga, ga, ga’. The mother screamed back at him, mocking him. His mother picked up a piece of fish and flew towards him. He was happy and was hoping to get his food.

But the mother did not come to the nest but stood a little far, in mid air, tempting the young seagull to venture out. Maddened by anger he dived at the fish. With a loud scream he fell outwards and downwards into the space. He was terrified for a moment and his heart froze. The next moment he felt his wing spreading outwards. He felt the wind under his stomach and against his wings. He was flying. He was no longer afraid. He flapped his wings and soared upwards. His parents and his siblings joined him in his joyful ‘ga-ga-ga-ga-ga’ noise. He had his first flight. Parents should help the children to be self-reliant.

Question 29.
In the Fijian legend, we sea Tinaicoboga and Raudalice, being tortured by the cruel fishermen. Such atrocities and tortures, which started time immemorial are containing even now, in the civilized society.
Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper, expressing your concern over the issue and suggesting some” ways to correct it.
(Hints: Women – powerful – but treated otherwise – patriarchal society – remedies – empowering women – strict enforcement of laws – ensuring punishment, etc.)
Answer:

AlAzhar High School
Mala
20 July 2020

The Editor
Indian Express
Kochi

Atrocities Against Women

Atrocities against women are nothing new in India. There was the heinous practice of Sati where a woman had to burn herself jumping into the funeral pyre of her husband. How cruel a custom that was!
If the woman refused to jump, people would push her into the burning pyre. It was due to the efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy that Lord William’ Bentick abolished the Sati system in 1829.

But cruelty to women is continuing on a daily basis. We all thought there would be an end to the atrocities against women after the Nirbhaya case of 2012. It involved the rape and fatal assault that occurred on 16 December 2012 in Munirka, a neighbourhood in South Delhi. The incident took place when a 23 – year – old female physiotherapy intern was beaten, gang-raped, and tortured in a private bus in which she was travelling with her male friend. There were six men who were convicted in the case. One died in jail. One was a minor. The other 4 were hanged in Tihar jail on 20 March 2020. It took 8 years to hang these men. I feel they should have been hanged long ago.

We hear almost every day women getting killed mostly by their frustrated lovers. I don’t understand
how a real lover can bum, stab or hang a girl or woman he has loved. Naturally it is not love behind those heinous crimes. It is mere lust. People become blind with lust and they kill the object of their lust.

Ours is a patriarchal society. We should empower our women through education and employment. Boys and girls, men and women should be taught the importance of the equality of sexes. There are laws in the country against atrocities against women but they are not enforced. Even in the case of Nirbhaya, justice was delayed. Justice delayed is justice denied.

Jose Mangalath
Irinjalakuda

Question 30.
Reading the story ‘Conceptual Fruit’ you become more to the thoughts and feeling of the children with special needs. You also become aware of the importance of inclusive education. Express your thoughts and feelings to one of your friends studying abroad, through an e-mail.
Answer:
Svetlana@gmail.com

Dearest Svetlana, I hope you and your family are fine. Last time when you wrote to me you said about a friend of yours who was differently-abled.

Today I want to tell you about a story I read. There is this girl named Greta. She is a differently-abled girl. She goes to a special school. She is 16, but is at a much lower class than her younger brother. She could tie her shoes only by the age of 10. Still she has some desires. She wants to have a big house. She loves peaches. She also loves cats. Her father is quite a loving father. He tries hard to make his daughter happy. He can’t buy her a real house. Instead he makes her a house on the cyberspace. Greta wants a blue bowl in every room. She wants peaches in the kitchen and living room and all the bedrooms. She wants 11 windows covered with sheer white curtains. She has a kitchen, a dining room, a living room, a bedroom for a cat. Her mother and brother are not so understanding and compassionate like her father. As the girl and the father make their plans for the house they make eyes to mean that he is just wasting his time. Greta is happy with her imaginary house. The father hopes and prays that one day Greta may live in a house of her dreams! I felt moved by the emotions of the loving father.

Hope you are keeping well. Write back to me at your earliest.

Lovingly,
Job

(Question Nos. 31 – 34): Answer any 2 questions in 180 words. Each carries 8 scores.(2 × 8 = 16)

Question 31.
Next to food, bloodshed caused byroad accidents is the greatest disaster in Kerala. If flood occurs occasionally, accidents occur frequently. No day passes without an accident in the state. Kerala witnessed a higher to road accidents in 2018 than in previous years.
Write an eassy on howto avoid road accidents. (Hints : Road accidents – man – made disaster – mostly human error – loss of lives serious injuries – ways to avoid – traffic rules – strict action by police, etc.)
Answer:

INCREASING ROAD ACCIDENS IN KERALA

Next to floods and landslides, road accidents are the biggest disaster in Kerala. Major floods and landslides come only once or twice in a century but road accidents kill and maim people every day. Kerala had a higher number of road accidents in 2018 than in the previous years.

Road accidents are mainly man-made disasters. They happen mostly due to human error. Road accidents cause unnecessary loss of lives, serious injuries and financial losses to people. In 2018 there were 40181 road accidents in Kerala killing 4303 people. Why so many accidents and deaths? There are many reasons. One reason is the bad condition of our roads, which are full of potholes and are unmarked. The next reason is the bad condition of the vehicles. Very old and un-roadworthy vehicles are driven on the roads. A third reason is the reluctance of the drivers to obey the laws. Drivers drive without wearing seat belts, and two-wheeler riders ride without wearing helmets.

Some of the people, especially the youth, drive at breakneck speed, not worrying about the speed-limits. Another reason is the corruption by the law-enforcement agencies. People get driving licenses by bribing. When people are caught for offences like over¬speeding, not wearing seat belts or helmets, they bribe the officials and get away with it. This disaster on our roads must be stopped. Let there be good roads, which are properly marked. Let the law- enforcement agencies strictly enforce the law and punish the offenders severely. Severe punishment will make the public think twice before they break the law. The roadworthiness of the vehicles must also be regularly checked. Above all, there should be awareness programmes to educate the people- about the need to use the road safely.

Question 32.
It is not surprising that this astonishingly vital man, full of self-confidence and an unusual kind of power, standing for quality and freedom for every individual, fascinated the masses of India and attracted them like a magnet.
Prepare a speech on the sublime qualities of the man mentioned above, to be delivered in a Function planned in your school in connection with Gandhi Jayanthi Celebration.
Answer:
My dear friends,
As you all know, today we are celebrating Gandhi Jayanthi. We are proud that a man like Gandhiji was born in India and he is our Father of the Nation. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in Porbandar in Gujarat on October 2, 1869. He was educated in law at University College, London. In 1891, after having been admitted to the British bar, Gandhi returned to India and attempted to establish a law practice in Bombay. Two years later he went to Durban, South Africa, as a legal advisor. Arriving in Durban, Gandhi found himself treated as a member of an inferior race. He was appalled at the widespread denial of civil liberties and political rights to Indian immigrants to South Africa. He threw himself into the struggle for elementary rights for Indians. Later he returned to India and fought for India’s freedom which finally came on 15 August 1947.

Gandhi is man of peace. He always advocated non-violence. He was known for his fearlessness. That is why he could fight with a mighty power like the British. He was always guided by truthfulness. He influenced millions of people in India in varying degrees. Some changed completely; others were affected only partly. Different people reacted differently and each one had his own answer about the change. His call for action was two-fold. One involved in challenging and resisting foreign rule. The other was fighting against our own social evils. His principal aims were freedom through peaceful means, national unity, solution of minority problems, improvement of the depressed classes and the ending of untouchability.

Gandhi was not just a national figure but an international one. In 1948 he was killed by a fanatic named Nathuram Godse. When he died, Nehru said that ‘The light has gone’ away from India’. On the 70^th birthday of Gandhiji, in 1939, this is what Albert Einstein said about him: “Generations to come, it may be, will scarce believe that such a one as this, ever in flesh and blood, walked upon this earth.

As we celebrate Gandhi Jayanthi, we us pledge that we will follow the path of peace, fearlessness, truthfulness and tolerance which guided Ganhiji all his life. That is the greatest tribute we can pay him. Jai Hind!

Question 33.
In the poem “If”, Rudyard Kipling describs the qualities of an ideal person. How far do you agree with him? What are your attributes of an ideal person? Prepare an article on ‘The Qualities of an Ideal Person’.
Answer:
He should not lose his head, even when others around him have lost theirs. He has to trust himself when all people doubt him. He should wait and shouldn’t be tired of waiting. When people tell him lies, he should not follow their example. People may hate him but he should not hate them. He should not try to look too good and try to talk too wise.

He should dream, but should not make dreams his master. He should think but shouldn’t make thoughts his aim. He should view Success and Failure equally. Even when the results of his hard work are destroyed, he should get ready to build them. He should not tell others about his tosses. He should persevere, always being optimistic. He should keep talking with the crowds but maintain his virtue. He can walk with kings but shouldn’t lose the common touch. Neither his friends nor his enemies should be able to hurt him. All men should be able to count on his help. He should forgive people who have offended him. If he can do all these things the Earth and everything in it is his and he will then be a man.

Question 34.
Read the poem given below and write a critical appreciation of it:
Wind o nthe Hill
No one can tell me
Nobody knows,
Where the wind comes from,
Where the wind goes.

It’s flying from somewhere
As fast as it can,
I couldn’t keep up with it,
Not if I ran.

But if I stopped holding
The string of my kite,
It would blow with the wind
Fora day and a night.

And then when I found it,
Wherever it below,
I should know that the wind
Had been going there too.

So then I could tell them
Where the wind goes …………….
But where the wind comes from
Nobody knows.
-A.A Milne
Answer:
“Wind on the Hill” by A. A. Milne contains the thoughts of a child-like narrator. The poem begins with the speaker wondering over the origin and destination of the wind. No one can tell him where the wind comes from or where it goes. It is flying from somewhere and it is flying very fast. He could not catch up with the wind even if he ran as fast as he could. But he has a technique of knowing the direction of the wind. He is holding a kite. If he stopped holding the string of the kite, it would blow with the wind for tong. When he finds it later lying somewhere he will know over which all places the wind blew. Then he can tell others where the wind was going but he can’t say where it came from.

The poem has profound thoughts. Although the narrator is a child, he speaks like a learned philosopher. Like the wind, many of us may not know how certain things originate although we know where and how they end. Love is like wind. We don’t how it begins but we do know where it is going. The language of the poem is very simple. It is a 5-stanza poem in rhyme. The rhyming scheme is abcb. It as a fine rhythm that mimics the blowing of the wind. The imagery of superb. The kite flying along with the wind makes a lively picture. The poem reminds us the statement in the Gospel of John, Chapter 3, Verse 8: “The wind blows where it chooses, and you hear the sound of it, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes.”

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One Botany Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf March 2020 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One Botany Previous Year Question Paper March 2020

Part – A

I. Answer any 3 questions from 1 to 5. Each carries 1 score. (3 × 1 = 3)

Question 1.
Choose the correct answer. The organelle known as power house of the cell is :
a) Ribosome
b) Vacuole
Answer:
Mitochondria

Question 2.
Choose the correct answer
Caspanan strips are present in:
a) Dicot root
b) Dicot stem
c) Dicot leaf
d) Monocot stem
Answer:
Dicot root

Question 3.
Observe the figure given below. Name the Organism.

Answer:
Euglena

Question 4.
Observe the relationship between the first two terms and fill in the blank.
Metaphase : Spindle fibres attach to kinetochores.
_______ : Chromatids move to opposite poles
Answer:
Anaphase

Question 5.
Fill in the blank.
The number of carbon atoms in acetyl co-enzyme A, which take part in Kreb’s cycle is ______ .
Answer:
2

II. Answer any 9 questions from 6 to 16. Each carries 2 scores. (9 × 2 = 18)

Question 6.
Observe the figure given below:

a) Name the process.
b) Define the above identified process.
Answer:
a) Facilitated diffusion
b) In facilitated diffusion, special membrane proteins help the movement of substances across membranes without expenditure of ATP or energy

Question 7.
Analyse the table given below and fill in the blanks.

A	B
Zygotene	(a)
(b)	Crossing over
(c)	Dissolution of synaptonemal complex
Diakinesis	(d)

Answer:
a) Pairing of homologous chromosomes
b) Pachytene
c) Diplotene
d) Terminalisation of Chiasmata

Question 8.
Define hydroponics. Write one advantage of it.
Answer:
This technique of growing plants in a nutrient solution is known as hydroponlbs. In this method essential elements are used and their deficiency symptoms can be studied.

Question 9.
Peculiarities of certain cell organelles are given below:
a) Involved in protein synthesis.
b) Made up of many flat, disc shaped sacs or cisternae.
c) Bear ribosomes on their surface.
d) Rich in hydrolytic ensymes.
e) Membrane is absent

Copy the table given below and write the above pecularitie column.

Lysosome	Golgi apparatus	Ribosome

Answer:

Lysosome	Golgi apparatus	Ribosome
d) Rich in hydrolytic enzymes Golgi apparatus	b)Made up of many flat disc	a) Involved in protein synthesis e) Membrane is Absent

Question 10.
Analyse the table given below and fill in the blanks a, b, c, d

Processes	Cyclic photo phosporylation	Non-cyclic phtotopho sphorylat ion
Movement of electrons	Cyclic	(a)
Number of photosy-stems	(b)	(c)
Splitting of water	(d)	(d) Present

Answer:

Processes	Cyclic photo phosporylation	Non-cyclic phtotophosp horylation
Movment of electrons	Cyclic	(a) Non-cyclic
Number of phot-osystems	(b) 1, PS I	(c) 2, PS I & PS II
Splitting of water	(d) Absent	present

Question 11.
The first step in respiration is glycolysis.
a) Define glycolysis.
b) Write the site of glycolysis.
Answer:
a) It is the Partial oxidation of glucose into 2 molecules of Pyruvic acid.
b) Cytoplasm

Question 12.
Observe the given figure showing C₄ pathway.
Atmospheric CO₂

a) Identify the cells A and B.
b) Name the C₄ acid formed through this pathway.
c) Name the enzyme involved in the formation of C₄ acid.
Answer:
a) It is the Partial oxidation of glucose into 2 molecules of Pyruvic acid.
b) Cytoplasm

Question 13.
Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration are two types of respiration.
a) What is anaerobic respiration?
b) Write the change that occurs to pyruvic acid in yeast cells.
Answer:
a) Anaerobic respiration is the respiration taking place without the involvement of oxygen.
b) Pyruvic acid is converted to Ethanol and CO₂

Question 14.
Notice the three stages of Calvin cycle given below:
a) Arrange the above stages in correct order.
b) Kelvin cycle is also known as C₃ cycle (Pathway). Give reason.
Answer:
a) Carboxylation, Reduction, Regeneration
b) First CO₂ fixation product is a C₂ acid or 3PGA. Hence it is called as C₂ cycle

Question 15.
Match the items of column A with B :

A	B
a) Double fertilisation	i) Bryophte
b) Heterospory	ii) Algae
c) Protonema	iii) Gymnosperm
d) Naked seeds	iv) Angios sperm

Answer:

A	B
a) Double fertilisation	v) Angiosperm
b) Heterospory	iv) Pteridophyte
c) Protonema	i) Bryophyte
d) Naked seeds	iii) Gymnosperm

Question 16.
Cell theory was formulated by two scientists.
a) Name the scientists.
b) Write the two main points in cell theory.
Answer:
a) Schleiden and Schwann
b)
1. All living organisms are composed of cells and their products
2. All cells arise from pre-existing cells

III. Answer any 3 questions from 17 to 20. Each carries 3 scores. (3 × 3 = 9)

Question 17.
Observe the figures A and B.

a) Identify the aestivation A and B.
b) Write one peculiarity of A.
c) Name the three kinds of petals in B.
Answer:
a) A.Twisted
B. Vexillary
b) In twisted aestivation, the one margin of the appendage overlaps the next one and so on .
c) In this the largest petal (standard petal) overlaps the two lateral petals (wing petals) which in turn overlap the two smallest anterior petals (keel petals)

Question 18.
The plant growth regulators are divided into growth promoters and growth inhibitors.

a) Name the three hormones, which are known as plant growth promoters.
b) Name the growth inhibitor which is known as ‘stress hormone’.
c) Write any two roles of the above identified stress hormone.
Answer:
a) Auxin, Gibberellin, Cytokinin
b) Abscisic acid (ABA)
c) 1) It promotes abscission and dormancy.
2) It acts as inhibitor of plant metabolism

Question 19.
Observe the figures A and B given below:

a) Name the type of venation in A and B.
b) Define venation.
Answer:
a) A.Reticulate
B. Parallel
b) Arrangement of veins and veinlets in the lamina of leaf

Question 20.
Observe the figure given below:

Write any three features on mesophyll cells from the figure.
Answer:

1. Mesophyll possesses chloroplasts of two types palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma.
2. Numerous large space and air cavities are found between spongy cells.
3. Palisade parenchyma arranged to wards daxial side.

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One English Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf Board Model Paper 2021 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One English Board Model Paper 2021 with Answers

Time: 2½ Hours
Total Score: 80 Marks

(Questions 1 – 8: Answer any 4 questions. Each carries 1 score.) (4 × 1 = 4)

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
The garlands wither on your brow;
Then boost no more your mighty deeds ;
Upon Death’s purple altar now
See how the victor-victim bleeds.

Question 1.
Write the name of the poem from which these lines are taken.
Answer:
Death the Leveller

Question 2.
Name the poet.
Answer:
James Shirley

Question 3.
What does ‘Death’s purple altar’ refer to ?
Answer:
Death’s purple altar refers to the inevitable death. It also refers to the battle grounds where blood flows and the grounds are made purple with the colour of blood. Thus it also means bloodshed.

Question 4.
Identify one figure of speech used in these lines.
Answer:
Metaphor – The garlands wither on your brow.

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

It is not surprising that this astonishingly vital man, full of self confidence and an unusual kind of power, standing for equality and freedom for each individual fascinated the masses of India and attracted them like a magnet.

Question 5.
Who is the ‘man’ mentioned in this passage ?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi

Question 6.
What kind of unusual power does he have ?
Answer:
He was full of vitality and self confidence. He had an unusual power and he stood for equality and freedom for each individual.

Question 7.
Pick out a word from the above lines which means ‘full of energy’.
Answer:
vital

Question 8.
From which lesson is this passage taken ? Who is the author?
Answer:
The lesson is “And Then Gandhi Came”. The author is Jawaharlal Nehru.

(Questions 9 – 12 : Answer any 2 in about 30 words. Each carries 2 scores.) (2 × 2 = 4)

Question 9.
Imagine the words that the mother of the young sea gull could use to motivate him to fly. Write 2 sentences for the mother.
You may begin in this way :
You should really ………..
You ought to ………..
Answer:
You should really come out of the safety of the nest and learn to fly out. You ought to practise flying and then only you will be able to get your food.

Question 10.
Choose the correct alternative from the brackets and fill in the blanks :
(a) Eight miles _________ not a short distance (is, are)
(b) Cycling is a good exercise. __________ it helps you save money. (However, Moreover)
Answer:
a) Is (Note: “Eight miles” denotes a unit and so is correct.)
b) Moreover

Question 11.
APJ Abdul Kalam enjoyed interacting with students. If you had a chance to ask questions to Dr. Kalam what would you ask him ? Write 2 questions.
Answer:
a) Sir, what would you do to remove the poverty which many people experience in India?
b) Sir, what suggestion do you have to keep religion out of the Indian politics?

Question 12.
Change the following conversation into reported speech.
Greta : I thought you could make real peaches.
Dad : No, you have to go to the store for those.
Answer:
Greta asked her dad if he could make real peaches. Her dad replied saying that it was not possible and one had to go to the store to get them.

(Questions 13 – 20 : Answer any 4 questions in 60 words. Each carries 4 scores.) (4 × 4 = 16)

Question 13.
Write a character sketch of ‘Maggie’ in the story The Price of Flowers’.
Answer:
Maggie’s full name is Full name Alice Margaret Clifford. She is a young English girl. She is 13 or 14 years of age. When we see her first she is wearing poor clothes showing she is very poor. Her hair hung in a heavy stream down her back. She had large eyes with a sad expression. She works in a shop close the restaurant where she met the writer. She goes to the restaurant only on Saturdays because Saturday is pay day.

Maggie is a hardworking girl. She lives with her old mother in a small house. Her only brother Francis is in the army and he is in India. She loves her brother very much and he too loves her. She loves her mother. ’ She nurses her when she is sick. She is superstitious.

That is why she believes in the story told by her brother that by looking into the crystal ring one could see people who are far and what they are doing, if one thinks of them and looks into the ring carefully. She is very disciplined. She has polite manners and this is clearly shown in her behaviour. Maggie is ambitious and she is not happy with her work in the shop. She says it is a mechanical job. She wants to do a job where her brain can be used. When she gets a better job she will rent o a better house and take here mother there. It shows much she cares for her mother. When her mother is in a critical condition she even asks Mr. Gupta to tell her mother a lie about her brother so that the mother feels better by hearing that her son is alive and well in India.

Maggie is a very fine girl. She wants Mr. Gupta to go to the grave of her brother who is buried in India and gives one shilling to him. A shilling is a lot of money for a poor girl like her. To get that, she has to work hard for many days. Her action shows how much she loved her brother. Her sacrifice brings tears to the eyes of Mr. Gupta and we too are moved to tears when we see such selfless love of a teenage girl for her dead brother. I can easily say that Maggie is a model for girls of her age.

Question 14.
The details of Stephan Hawking’s life and achievements are given below. Read carefully and prepare a profile of the great scientist.
Born : 8th January, 1942
School Education : St. Alban’s School, Westfordshire
College Education : Oxford University, Cambridge University.
Career : Theoretical Physicist
Book : A Brief History of Time
Awards & Honours : Presidential Medal of Freedom (2009)
: BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2015)
: Pride of Britain Award 2016
Died : March 14, 2018 (aged 76)
Answer:
Stephen Hawking was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge at the time of his death. He was born on 8 January 1942. His school education was at St. Alban’s School, Westfordshire. He studied both in the Oxford and Cambridge Universities. Hawking was diagnosed with a slow- progressing form of motor neurone disease that gradually paralysed him over the decades. But he continued to work hard till his death on 14 March 2018. His most famous book is “A Brief history of Time”. He was given many Awards and Honours. He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009. In 2015 he was given the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award. In 2016 he was conferred with the Pride of Britain Award. He has inspired thousands of differently-abled people around the world.

Question 15.
Comment on the bravery shown by the crew and the bond as the Titanic Sank.
Answer:
As the Titanic was sinking, Captain Smith, who was the Commander of the ship, stood on the bridge of the ship and told his crew that they were British and they should remember their country and do their duty. Not even for a moment he thought of saving his life. The British showed the world their courage never fails. They said that the women and children should go in the life boats. The life boats were lowered and the women and children were sent to safety. All the crew stood and watched. They had no desire of saving themselves. The Titanic sank from sight as the band played “Nearer my God to Thee”.

Question 16.
An online debate on the topic ‘Digital classes are superior to regular Education’ is being organized for your class.
Write 4 arguments either favouring or opposing this idea.
Answer:
a) Digital classes deprive children from meeting their friends and having interactions with them.

b) All students are not equally brilliant; some may need special attention; digital classes do not offer the facilities for that.

c) Digital classes are often boring as there is no direct contact between the teacher and the taught.

d) Sitting at one place glued to the screen for hours is not a healthy practice.

Question 17.
Imagine you are a lady reporter allowed to report the rituals of the women on the Island of Kadavu. Draft a live – TV report.
Answer:
I am reporting from the village of Namuana, on the island of Kadavu in Fiji. All the maidens of the village have assembled near the shore. They sing a strange chant. As they chant I can see giant turtles rising one by one on the surface listening to the music. The strange thing is that if any member of the nearby village of Nabukelevu is present, then the turtles will not rise to the surface or the bay and the turtle calling has to be abandoned. There is a reason for that. This ritual is known as “calling turtles from the sea”. This ritual is based on a legend. Many years ago, in the beautiful village of Namuana, on the Island of Kadavu, there lived a beautiful princess named Tinaicoboga. She was the wife of the chief of Namuana. She had a charming daughter named Raudalice. The two women often went fishing on the reefs around their home.

Once they went farther than usual. A group of fishermen from the nearby village of Nabukelevu came and caught the two women. They tied their hands and feet and threw them into their canoe. The women begged for their release. But the cruel fishermen did not pay any attention to their pleas.

But the sea gods were kind. They sent a storm and the canoe was tossed about by the waves. The men then saw the two women had turned into turtles. To save their lives, the men threw the turtles into the sea. Immediately the weather changed and there were no more waves. The two women who became „ turtles lived on in the water of the bay. It is their descendants who rise from water when they hear the chant of the women.

You may not believe the truth of the legend. But the Fijians believe it.

Question 18.
Maggie in the story ‘Price of flowers’ says to Mr. Gupta.
‘I want work that will make me use my head, brain work’
What kind of a job do you want ?
How will you achieve it ? Write a short paragraph.
Answer:
I want to be a Lecturer so that I can use my head, and do brain work. In the present circumstances to become a lecturer I should have at least a post graduate degree. It is not enough just to pass the postgraduate degree examination. I should have a minimum of Second Class. Having a B.Ed or M.Ed will add to my chances of becoming a Lecturer. To get all these qualifications I have to work very hard.’ This is a time of high competition and jobs are not easy to get. If one wants to be a Lecturer in a prestigious college, one ought to be extra brilliant. Apart from my academic qualifications I also should be well equipped with General Knowledge and ability to speak English very well as English is the medium of instruction at the tertiary level. By becoming a Lecturer I can guide the students not only to get their degrees but also to become good people with sympathy and empathy.

Question 19.
The passage given below contains a few errors. Edit the passage.
In the end, our society need to grow. Growing up means understanding that there is no perfect answers. We haven’t created a perfect society of earth and won’t has one in cyberspace either.
Answer:
In the end, our society needs to grow. Growing up means understanding that there are no perfect answers. We haven’t created a perfect society on earth and won’t have one in the cyberspace either.

Question 20.
Then, he completely forgot that he had not always, been able to fly and commenced to dive and soar, shrinking shrilly.”
The young sea gull goes through a wide range of emotions and feelings before and after his first flight. Write a paragraph on the various feelings that he experienced before and after his first flight.
Answer:
The young seagull was feeling very hungry. There was, no food around. He had searched everywhere. He then ran back and forth from one end of the ledge to the other end. He wanted to reach his parents without having to fly. But between him and his parents there was the deep wide crack – the vast sea. He saw his mother tearing the fish at her feet and the sight of food maddened him. He cried ‘ga- ga-ga’ begging his mother to bring him some food. She screamed back mockingly at him. Then he saw his mother flying towards him with a piece of fish. He was very happy. But she halted a little away from him. He waited for a moment for her to come near. He was mad with anger. Then he dived at the fish his mother was holding. With a loud scream he fell outwards and downwards into space. He was terrified for a moment and his heart froze. Then he felt his wings spreading outwards. He was not falling now. He was flying. He was no longer afraid. He just felt a little dizzy. Then he flapped his wings and soared upwards. He started diving and soaring making loud noises of joy.

(Questions 21 – 28: Answer any 4 questions, each in about 70 to 80 words. Each carries 5 scores.) (4 × 5 = 20)

Question 21.
Gupta, on returning to India, narrates his experience of meeting Maggie and her family in London, to his friends. Write the narration for Mr. Gupta.
Answer:
When I was in London, in a restaurant I met a young girl named Alice Margaret Clifford, called Maggie. She is a poor girl and lives with her mother in a very small house in a crowded area. She works as a typist. She was happy to know that I was an Indian. I visited her and her mother in their house. Maggie’s brother Frank! who was in the British army died in India. She wanted me to place some flowers on the grave of her brother. She asked so many questions about India and Indians. She has heard that Indians have magic powers and there are snakes and tigers everywhere. She has also heard that there are dangerous fevers in India which kill many people. When I was about to return to India, she gave me a shilling to buy flowers to place at the grave of her brother. She had worked hard to earn that shilling. I took the money because if I refused to take it, I would be depriving her of the joy of sacrifice.

Question 22.
Deeds speak louder than words. Good deeds will be remembered forever. Justify this statement.
Answer:
Deeds do speak louder than words. Good deeds will be remembered forever. We can see this very clearly in the story “The Best Investment I ever Made” which we studied in our English Text for our SSLC.

Dr Cronin was on a voyage back from New York. On the second day, he noticed that one of the passengers was closely watching him. He ignored him as he wanted to take rest. On the following forenoon, the man with his wife was seen again earnestly watching him. This time Dr. Cronin also had some interest to know about the person and his intention. In the beginning Dr. Cronin could not recognize him. But when he said something in his ears, he recognized the man and his thoughts went back to an incident that happened 25 years ago. Once a police sergeant approached Dr. Cronin and requested him to attend a suicide case. Dr. Cronin examined the young man who tried to commit suicide and found his condition was very pathetic. After an hour’s hard work with the help of the sergeant and the landlady of the lodge, Dr. Cronin could bring him back to life.

The man told them his pathetic story. His name was John, and he was an orphan. His uncle found him a job in the town. Soon he began to lead a loose life, and gambled to find money for pleasures of life. He lost everything and stole some money from his office. Being afraid of the prosecution, in great despair and anguish, he resolved to end his life. Having heard John’s story, they decided to help him. Dr. Cronin gave him seven pounds and ten shilling to put back in the office safe. For John, it was like a second life. He determined to change in life and to make a fresh start. He later became a great social worker.

Question 23.
A.J. Cronin returns home after his voyage in Ranagangi. He later makes a courtesy call to Hassan. Write the telephone conversations.
Answer:
Cronin: Hello, is that Hasan, the serang of Ranaganji?
Hasan : Hello, Yes, this is Hasan, the serang of, Ranaganji. May I know who is speaking?
Cronin : I am Cronin, who was the physician on Ranaganji.
Hasan : Oh my God, Dr. Cronin! You were such a great physician. Without your help many more would have died of the smallpox.
Cronin : More than me, it was you who helped the sick. Without your active support, I could have done nothing to solve the problems there.
Hasan : Thank you, Sir, for the good words and remembering me. I just did my duty. Thank God, I got a chance to serve my brethren.
Cronin: You did much more than your duty. I was so happy to find you sponging the patients and giving them medicines, for disinfecting their clothes and preparing meals for them. I was greatly impressed when I found you reading a passage from the Ramayana sitting before the dead bodies. I knew that you were not a Hindu, but you had the magnanimity to read from the Ramayana for the sake of the Hindus that had died.
Hasan : I believe in humanity. To me God is Love. Where there is no love, there is no God. When I love others and serve them I am serving God. And I feel happy that I could be of service to people.
Cronin : It is a great thought, Hasan. May all the people think like you and then there will be no fights among people in the name of religion.

Question 24.
As we stood together, I saw that the Serang’s cheeks were wet with tears.
What trait of Hassan is highlighted in this line ? Attempt a character sketch of Hassan.
Answer:
Hasan is the serang of Ranaganji.Aserang is a petty officer in a merchant ship who helps with the various matters connected with the voyage, like loading and unloading of the luggage or any such thing. He also supervises the lascars, workmen in the ship. Hasan is a man of excellent qualities We are impressed with his compassion and selfless service.

We see him first when he brings two men to the doctor. The doctor finds out they have small pox. The ship has some 1500 passengers and if they come to know that there is an outbreak of small pox in the ship, there would be panic. So Hasan builds a shelter for them at the back of the ship where they will not be easily seen or contacted by others. He also agrees to take care of them. The great thing about his willingness is that small pox is a contagious disease and death is almost certain if it is not cured fast enough.

He Cooks for them and takes care of them. More people, fourteen of them, are diagnosed with the disease. But Hasan serves all of them as if they were his own brothers. Hasan is silent person. The doctor collects some information about him. He had neither friends nor family in India. He is a devout Muslim. All his life he acquired nothing substantial. He was not worried about getting any reward. Here we see him following what the Gita teaches. “Work is thy duty, reward is not thy concern.” In his readiness to lay down his life for his life, he is following the advice of Jesus who said that There is no greater sacrifice than laying one’s life for his friend.” Thus in him we see the best of all religions. Love seems to be his religion. We see his greatness when we see him sewing the shroud and reading a passage from the Ramayana before casting the dead body of one of the sick persons into the water.

When the ship reaches Colombo, the sick persons with running sores were carried in the arms of Hasan. It needs real compassion to do that, knowing fully , well that small pox is a killer disease and it easily spreads through contact. Hasan impresses me as a really great man. In my mind he is not just a serang but a sage.

Question 25.
To sleep’ by William Wordsworth describes the poet’s difficulty in falling asleep.
How does he describe his experience of a sleepless night ? Write a short essay.
Answer:
The poem To sleep’ by William Wordsworth, who is known as the high priest of Nature, is an exquisite poem that presents to us some of the finest sights, sounds and movements of Nature. We can see a flock of sheep leisurely passing by one after one; we can the sound of rain and the murmuring of bees. We can hear the fall of rivers, winds and seas. We can see the smooth fields, white sheets of water and pure sky. We also hear the melodies of small birds coming from the orchard trees. We hear the cuckoo’s melancholy cry.

The poet can’t sleep. Maybe he is worried about the bad things happened during the past. In fact he has not slept for a couple of days and this makes him all the more worried. If he does not sleep he won’t be able to enjoy the wonderful sights and sounds of the morning. Sleep brings fresh thoughts and joyous health.

Question 26.
The UN has declared Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam’s birthday, October 15th, as World
Student’s day. Prepare a write-up to be published in the UNESCO journal on the topic
‘Dr. Kalam’s call to the youth to become a unique you’.
Answer:
October 15 is World Students’ Day. On this occasion we want to remember the advice Abdul Kalam gave the students.

Kalam tells students to be unique. He says that the world around you wants you to be like others. At home, you parents will tell you to be like the children of the neighbours. At school the teacher will tell you to be like the first 5 rankers of the class. All the people tell you to be somebody else. But Kalam teljs you to be ‘YOU’. You should not try to be somebody else. You should not be a copycat. He says “Be you and thus you can be unique”. I think this is a wonderful idea. This will release everybody from his inferiority complex. It is when you compare yourself with others you feel inferior. Kalam wants people to be confident, self-reliant and hardworking. He wants everyone to believe he was born with some potential, ideas and dreams. Everybody is born with wings and so nobody needs to crawl because he can fly. And as he has confidence he will fly. I really enjoyed this speech and it has given me a new insight.

Question 27.
At the end of the voyage of Ranagangi the captain of the ship calls a meeting to Honour
Hassan. As the chief guest Hassan talks about the difficulties that they had successfully overcome. Draft the script of the speech.
Answer:
I am very happy to see you assembled here to honour me for the services I rendered on the ship Ranaganji. In fact our last trip to Calcutta in Ranaganji was quite eventful. It had some 1500 passengers. The voyage to Calcutta began favourably in calm, clear weather and we passed Aden without any problem. Now we were in the Arabian Sea.

To our dismay and horror we found that two of the lascars, deck hands, had small pox. They were taken to the ship’s physician, Dr. Cronin. The Captain, Mr. Hamble, asked Dr. Cronin to keep the matter a secret as the news would spread panic among the passengers. As I was the Serang of Ranaganji, Dr Cronin told me about it. I told him not to worry. I made a shelter in the stern of the ship into which the infected patients were moved. I volunteered to nurse them without worrying about my safety. Later more workers were diagnosed with small pox. There were 14 of them altogether. I had a hard time taking care of them. I had to sponge the patients and give them medicines, disinfect their clothes and prepare meals for them. I did not complain. In fact I thanked God for giving me the chance to work for my sick brethren.

The big problem was when two men died. They were Hindus. I am a Muslim. But I sewed their shrouds and read loud a short passage from Ramayana. I then cast the bodies overboard at midnight. It was a difficult job to do, but I did it with all my heart. When the ship reached Colombo, I took the leadership and moved the patients to the hospital. I am really happy that I could do all these things for my brethren. I believe that all human beings are brothers and sisters and we ought to help one another in their needs.

I thank you for organizing this function. I will do my best and continue serving people.
May God bless us all!

Question 28.
Given below is a flow-chart for COVID – 19 testing based on symptoms. Prepare a report.

Answer:
Covid – 19.has been a problem with us since 30 January 2020, when the’first case of Covid – 19 was reported. We should be very careful not to fall prey to this dangerous disease. So do the following:

If you have any type of fever, throat pain or body pain, test for Covid – 19. Stay at home till you get your results even if you feel better.

If the test result is negative, stay home and take rest until all the symptoms are gone. There is no need for further quarantine.

If your test result is positive and if your are confirmed with Covid – 19, isolation is essential. Don’t have contact with people and be in quarantine. Take medicines as per the directions of a competent doctor. If the symptoms worsen, hospitalization would be needed.

(Questions 29 – 32 : Answer any 2 in about 100 words. Each carries 6 scores.) (2 × 6 = 12)

Question 29.
Suraj Venjaramoodu, the cine actor bagged the State award for the best actor in 2020 for his role in the movie‘Android Kunjappan’.
You get the chance to interview him. Prepare 6 questions for the interview.
Answer:
a) Suraj, we want to congratulate you on your winning the St|te Award for Best Actor in 2020. What would you like to tell us about your success?

b) As Bhaskara Poduval, you did a very good job in the film Android Kunjappan. How did you feel acting like an old man?

c) What prompted you to get into films?

d) Which comedian do you admire most?

e) You are so busy in so many things. Apart from being a busy actor, you are also an impressionist and a television and stage presenter. Do you think you spend enough time with your family members?

f) I understand that you have three children? Do you want them to become actors like you?

Question 30.
The Lockdown has confined us to our homes. But it is important to be physically fit and active. Write a magazine article on the topic, The Importance of Physical Exercise for Good health’.
Answer:
The lockdown imposed on us because of the spread of Covid – 19 has made us stay home most of the time. We don’t go to schools or colleges and we can’t take part in any sports and games. We can’t even go out and walk freely on the street without wearing masks. Most of us are confined to our homes. We must have enough physical exercise to keep ourselves physically and mentally fit.

There is a proverb which says health is wealth. If we are not healthy, we cannot lead a happy life. Unless we do regular exercises, all kinds of diseases will attack us. Exercise has a lot of benefits. It helps in maintaining our weight. When we exercise we burn the extra calories in our body. Exercises help us in developing our muscles. They help in improving the oxygen level and blood flow of the body.

When we exercise regularly our brain gets refreshed. To understand things properly and to retain what we learn we should have a fresh and receptive brain. Exercises prevent common diseases like diabetes, high blood cholesterol, and high or low blood’ pressure. There is a saying in English, “When wealth is lost, nothing is lost but when health-is lost something is lost and when character is lost everything is lost. We can have a good character only if we have good health. Unhealthy persons are prone to anger, depression and despair. They hate themselves and also others around them. So let’s make sure that we keep our body and mind healthy by regular exercises.

Question 31.
Your younger brother is at your aunts house. Write a letter to him giving him tips on growing up to – become a good man. You may refer to the ideas from the poem ‘If by Rudyard Kipling.
Answer:
XV/19, Azad Road
Irinjalakuda
12 November 2021

Dearest brother,
I am sure that you are spending your time quite happily at our aunt’s place. Do you regularly go to the river that flows near aunt’s house to catch fish?

I used to do that when I was there.
Well, I thought of writing this letter to you because I happened to read a poem “If”.

The poem ‘If is written by Rudyard Kipling. Kipling is an English short-story writer, poet and novelist. He is chiefly known for his stories and poems about the British soldiers in India. He also wrote stories for children.

In the poem a father tells his son how to be happy and how to be a perfect man. So many conditions have to be fulfilled if one is become perfect man. He should not lose his head, even when others around him have lost theirs. He has to trust himself when all people doubt him. He should wait and shouldn’t be tired of waiting. When people tell him lies, he should not follow their example. People may hate him but he should not hate them. He should not try to look too good and try to talk too wise.

He should dream, but should not make dreams his master. He should think but shouldn’t make thoughts his aim. He should view Success and Failure equally. Even when the results of his hard work are destroyed, he should get ready to build them. He should not tell others about his tosses. He should persevere, always being optimistic. He should keep talking with the crowds but maintain his virtue. He can walk with kings but shouldn’t lose the common touch. Neither his friends nor his enemies should be able to hurt him. All men should be able to count on his help. He should forgive people who have offended him. If he can do all these things the Earth and everything in it is his and he will then be a man.

I thought the poem is a very good one as it gives us tips on growing up to become good persons.

Say Hi to Aunt, Uncle and Rosy. Tell them I will be there for Christmas. Aunt’s mutton biriyani is superb. My mouth is already watering when I think of it. Daddy and Mummy send their wishes to you and all others there. Bye for now!

Yours affectionately,
George

Question 32.
“I feel ashamed to face Mrs. Clifford. So I wrote a letter to them, announcing my departure and bidding them good-bye.”
These are Gupta’s words, in the story The Price of Flowers’. Write an e-mail that
Gupta would have written to Mrs. Clifford.
Answer:
Clifford@hotmaii.com

I am writing this letter with a heavy heart. Let me first of all offer my heartfelt condolences at the sad demise of your darling son Frank. May his soul rest in peace.

When you were sick, Maggie told me that I should look into the crystal ring and tell you if Frank was doing well India. You believed that being a Hindu I could see your son in the crystal ring. I know I don’t have any such power to read crystals and predict the future of people. So when Maggie brought me the crystal ring, which you thought had magical powers, I looked into it but I could see nothing. The doctors had said that you were seriously sick mainly because of your worries about Frank who was fighting a war in India. If I told you I could not see him, it might further aggravate your situation. So I decided to tell you a lie just to help you recover from your illness. That is why I told you that I could see Frank in the ring and he was doing fine. I am sure God will forgive me for telling a lie because my intention was your welfare. Mrs, Clifford, please forgive me. As you know, births and deaths are not in our hands. The Lord Almighty decides things and we can’t help. Somehow we have to accept our fate and overcome our sorrow.

Say Hi to Maggie. I will be coming again to England next month and then I will be visiting you.

Bye for now!
Gupta

(Questions 33 – 38 : Answer any 3 in 120 words. Each carries 8 scores.) (3 × 8 = 24)

Question 33.
You visited a hill station during your Summer holidays. Write a travel essay to be published in your school magazine about the place you visited.
[Hints: Description of the place, Journey there and back, climate, historical importance, special attractions etc.]
Answer:
A Visit to the Hill Station Ooty

Ooty Is a popular Hill Station. It is located 86 km north of Coimbatore and 128 km south of Mysore. Ooty is the capital of Nilgiri district. The total aerial distance from Trichur to Ooty is only 111 kilometres but the driving distance is 223 km as the roads are often not straight. We travelled by a luxury coach which had facilities for music and films. The time for travel is around 5 hours. We left Thrissur at 2.00 a.m. and we reached Ooty by 7.00. We had our breakfast in an excellent restaurant.

After breakfast we went to the Government Rose Garden. It has one of the largest collections of roses in the country. It has more than 20,000 varieties of roses. We were thrilled to have seen so many varieties. After visiting the Rose Garden, we proceeded to the Ooty Botanical Gardens. It is lush green and it is carefully maintained. There was a Flower Show there. We saw rare species of plants and flowers. The Botanical Garden has nearly a thousand species of plants. Some of them are exotic. The various shrubs, ferns, trees and bonsai plants captivated our hearts and minds.

Our lunch was in a 5-star hotel where different types cuisine were available. We could choose Indian, Chinese or Continental Meals. I took Chinese Meal. It was yummy, so to say. After lunch we went to the Deer Sanctuary, located on the edge of the Ooty Lake. It has different species of deer and other animals. We then proceeded for a boating in the Pykara Lake. There we saw the Kamaraj Sagar Dam which is a picnic spot and also a film shoot location. We then went for our supper which was a light one. At 7.30 we boarded the coach and by 12.30 we were back in Trichur. It was a wonderful experience.

Question 34.
Almost all children have access to phones and internet in present times. But these sometimes do more harm than good. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper on the ‘Advantages and disadvantages .of Internet use by children’.
Answer:
Aisha Mehboob
XIV/24Azad Road
Irinjalakuda
154 November 2021

The Editor
The Indian Express
Kochi

Dear Sir,

USE OF MOBILE PHONES AND THE INTERNET BY CHILDREN

During the days when educational institutions were closed because of the outbreak of the Covid – 19 Pandemic, even LKG and UKG children were using Mobile Phones and the Internet as they could not go to schools. Nobody disputes the benefits of the mobile phone and the Internet for their educational and entertainment value. A life without these has become almost unimaginable. When the schools and colleges were closed children had no choice except to use mobile phones and the internet because of the digital classes. But constant use of these facilities has its own dangers.

Overuse of the mobiles phones and the internet makes children addicts to them. They become immersed in various games and other indecent material that are available on the internet. Curiosity makes them visit these sites and then there is the danger of their getting addicted to them. There are very dangerous games and we saw some students even committing suicide because of them. Parents are often not educated enough to know the misuses of the mobiles with internet connections. So when children are looking at the mobiles, the parents tend to think that they are learning some academic material. The kids may be playing some dangerous games or watching unsuitable things for their age. So parents have to be very cautious when they see the children spending too much time with their mobile phones and the internet.

Yours sincerely,
Aisha

Question 35.
The Sacred turtles of Kadavu’ describes the story of two women who had been attacked by outsiders. Do you think women in our society too face similar problems.
Draft the script of the speech you will deliver in your school assembly on women’s day, on the topic “Problem’s faced by women in our society”.
Answer:
Respected Principal and Teachers, and my dear friends,

Today I am going to talk on the topic “Problems Faced by Women in Our Society”. Almost every day, we hear some atrocities committed against women. Most of them are acts of revenge by desperate lover boys who even kill their girl friends if they refuse to marry them. Some boys throw acid on the faces of their girlfriends when they show their unwillingness to marry them. All this is very despicable. Such boys do not love the girls, they only have lustful desires for them. If you really love a girl, how can you think of killing her or throwing acid on her face? Love demands sacrifice and not hatred and revenge.

Another problem is dowry based killings. Recently we saw the Uthra Murder case. The man is given double life-imprisonment by the Court. But the fact remains that she is dead and her son is without the love of a mother. Uthra’s parents paid a lot of money, gold and even a car to the murderer. But he wanted more! Look at the way he killed her! By making a venomous snake bite her! This is terrible. Such an unheard of cruelty!

Then we have honour killings. If a girl marries a boy who belong to another cast or religion, her parents, siblings and relatives get angry and kill one of the newly-wed couple or even both of them. This is terrible. Love is a pure feeling and it does not worry about the person’s caste and creed. But fanatics don’t understand the meaning of love.

Dowry is a big problem in our society. All of us should fight against it. Marriage is not s sale. It is a covenant that makes a man and a woman live together for, their entire life, loving each other and caring for each other.

Let us take firm decision that we shall not give or take dowry when our time comes to get married. We should make our parents and siblings aware of the dangers of dowry.

Question 36.
Kerala has faced many disasters like floods, landslides, and epidemics in recent times.
How ever we have always overcome the crisis successfully.
Write an article to be published in the newspaper on the topic ‘Be prepared to face any disaster’.
Answer:
Be Prepared to Face Any Disaster

Kerala is called God’s Own Country. But looking at the things happening for the last 5 years, we feel like calling Kerala as the “Capital of Disasters”. In 2017 a very severe cyclonic storm named Okhi devastated many parts of Kerala affecting lakhs of people and destroying a lot of property. In 2018 we had severe floods in July and August. Official records say 483 people died, and 15 were missing. About a million people were evacuated. In 2019 also there were severe floods killing more than 120 people and destroying a lot of property because of landslides and heavy flooding.

2020 also was a bad year for us. During the heavy rainfall over the monsoon period from 1 June to mid- August 2020, all 14 districts in Kerala were badly affected with 104 dead and 40 injured. Five districts in Kerala were flooded on 7 August 2020. Then there was the Covid – 19 Pandemic killing more than 30,000 people and we are still facing risk from it. We were thinking that this year there would be no floods as in August and September we did not get too much rain. But then unexpectedly, in October, there was heavy rain causing landslides killing many people. The worst tragedy was the wiping away of an entire family of 6 people – an old lady, her son and his wife and their 3 children all of them school going girls.

Climate change has affected Kerala badly. But the people are brave and ready to face any danger. They work together as a family in times of trouble. We have been coping with all these disasters and we are still optimistic about a bright future for our “God’s Own Country”.

Question 37.
A seminar is to be conducted in your class on the topic.
The relevance of Gandhian values in the present time’.
You are one of the participants. Write the paper for the seminar.
Answer:
My dear friends,

The topic of the seminar for today is “The relevance of Gandhian values in the present time”. Gandhian values have become more relevant today as we sew people fighting in the name of religion, equality of sexes and distribution of the wealth of the country.

Gandhi once said, “The world has enough for all, but not enough to satisfy,the greed of one”. This is very true. Here we find Ambanis and Adanis, Tatas and Birlas, Dalmias and Jains, who are so rich that they own private jet planes. But in the same India we find people struggling for their meals. Many sleep on the pavements and don’t have decent clothes to wear. Gandhiji advocated simple life and if the rich listened to him, the poverty of India could be eradicated. He himself wore simple clothes and avoided luxuries of all kinds.

Gandhi preached tolerance., That is why he had to die at the hands of the fanatic Nathuram Godse. He said “Ishwar and Allah” are the same, but how many Indians would understand that kind of tolerance? Politics is now using religion to get into power. Let us not be fanatics. Let us think that all Indians are our brothers and sisters.

Gandhi was the apostle of love and peace. Let us all be faithful followers of his tenets.

Question 38.
Read the following poem and write an appreciation :
Success is counted sweetest
By those who never succeed
To comprehend a nectar
Requires sorest need.

Not one of all the purple host
Who took the flag today
Can tell the definition
So clear of victory

As he defeated dying –
On whose forbidden ear
The distant strains of triumph
Burst agonized and clear
– Emily Dickinson
Answer:
Emily Dickinson, the famous American poet, says that to those who never succeed, success is one of
the sweetest things. If you want to enjoy nectar, you should need it very badly. Only when you are very thirsty, you will enjoy a cool drink.

The people carrying the flag today can’t define the meaning of victory as clearly as those who died fighting for freedom. The victory songs the living ones play fall on the dead ears of the people clearly and agonizingly as they could not be part of the celebrations going on now. It is their sacrifice that brought victory.

It is sweet and fine lyric poem extolling the sacrifice of the people who died fighting for freedom. The freedom we enjoy today is the result of the thousands of people who fought for it. Many suffered and many were killed. It is a poem of three short quatrains. There is fine rhythm and the rhyming scheme is abcb. There are fine metaphors in the poem. The imagery is superb. We can see the victory march and hear the triumphant songs. The adjective purple brings the colour of blood, the blood of the freedom fighters. We can see the dead warriors in their graves. Although they were defeated and died in the battle, they can be happy that their progeny is enjoying freedom for which they fought and gave up their lives.

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One Economics Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf Board Model Paper 2022 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One Economics Board Model Paper 2022 with Answers

Time: 2½ Hours
Maximum Score: 80
Cool-off time: 15 minutes

Part – I

A. Answer any 10 questions from 1 to 12. Each carries 1 Score. (10 × 1 = 10)

Question 1.
Who among the following economists is associated with the estimation of National Income in British India?
(a) V.K.R.V. Rao
(b) Amarthya Sen
(c) Mahalanobis
(d) C.Rangarajan
Answer:
(a) V.K.R.V. Rao

Question 2.
Which of the given factor is considered as human capital?
(a) Machinery
(b) Equipment
(c) Trained Labourers
(d) Computers and Electronics
Answer:
(c) Trained Labourers

Question 3.
Integration of the domestic economy with the world economy is known as
(a) Privatisation
(b) Globalisation
(c) Liberalisation
(d) Nationalisation
Answer:
(b) Globalisation

Question 4.
Which method is used for the estimation of population in India?
(a) Census method
(b) Sampling method
(c) Random sampling method
(d) Lottery method
Answer:
(a) Census method

Question 5.
Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?
(a) Standard deviation
(b) Mean deviation
(c) Arithmetic mean
(d) Co-efficient of variance
Answer:
(c) Arithmetic mean

Question 6.
Which of the given systems is not included in the Indian System of Medicine (ISM)?
(a) Homoeopathy
(b) Naturopathy
(c) Ayurveda
(d) Allopathy
Answer:
(d) Allopathy

Question 7.
Which of the following is not a function of the Environment?
(a) Supplies resources
(b) Degradation of land
(c) Sustains life
(d) Provides aesthetic services
Answer:
(b) Degradation of land

Question 8.
The cultivation of land collectively by people in China is known as
(a) Five-Year Plan
(b) Commune System
(c) Green Revolution
(d) Great Leap Forward
Answer:
(b) Commune System

Question 9.
Who discussed the concept of the poverty line for the first time in Pre-Independent India?
(a) William Shiras
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Dadabai Naoroji
(d) Dr. Manmohan Singh
Answer:
(c) Dadabai Naoroji

Question 10.
When two related variables are moving in the same direction, the correlation between the variables is known as
(a) Positive correlation
(b) Negative correlation
(c) No correlation
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Positive correlation

Question 11.
The index number for the base period is always taken as
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 100
(d) 10
Answer:
(c) 100

Question 12.
Variables that can take any numerical value is
(a) Discrete variables
(b) Qualitative variables
(c) Nominal variables
(d) Continuous variables
Answer:
(d) Continuous variables

Answer any 6 questions from 13 to 21. Each carries 2 scores. (6 × 2 = 6)

Question 13.
List the financial institutions India approached to manage the economic crisis before the implementation of the New Economic Policy in 1991.
Answer:
IMF, IBRD (World Bank)

Question 14.
Over the summer journey, Mr. Rambo finds the fuel prices of six States vary as given below:
102, 104, 98, 95, 100, 108
Calculate the range of fuel prices over the States.
Answer:
Range = H – L
= 108 – 95
= 13

Question 15.
List any two goals of Indian Five Year Plans.
Answer:

• Growth
• Modernization

Question 16.
List any two areas, which need special focus as a part of rural development in India.
Answer:

• Agricultural Credit
• Agricultural Marketing

Question 17.
Identify chronological classification and spatial classification from the following:
(a) Number of Covid patients in different states of India.
(b) Population of India from 1951 to 2011.
Answer:
(a) Spatial Classification
(b) Chronological Classification

Question 18.
List any two features of a questionnaire used for data collection.
Answer:

• It should be simple.
• It should not be too long.

Question 19.
Write the economic terms for the given below statements:
(a) Index number that measures the average change in retail price.
(b) Index number that indicates the change in general price level.
Answer:
(a) Consumer Price Index
(b) Wholesale Price Index

Question 20.
List any 4 steps towards making a project.
Answer:

• Identifying the problem
• Selection of Target group
• Collection of data
• Organization and presentation of data collected.

Question 21.
Write any two sources of data on unemployment in India.
Answer:
Census of India, Employment and unemployment report by National Sample Survey Organisation.

Answer any 5 questions from 22 to 28. Each carries 3 scores. (5 × 3 = 15)

Question 22.
Write a short note on ’Green Revolution’.
Answer:
The Green Revolution brought major changes in Indian agriculture. It includes

• Use of HYV seeds
• Extended irrigation facilities
• Use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides
• Use of machines like tractors

Question 23.
Distinguish between the formal sector and informal sector of the workforce with suitable examples.
Answer:
In formal sector the employee gets more benefits and rights like fixed working hours, fixed wage, job protection, etc. But informal sector doesn’t offer such benefits.

Question 24.
Mention any 3 advantages of the personal interview method of data collection.
Answer:

• The response rate is high.
• Allows all types of questions.
• Reactions can be watched.

Question 25.
State the term of the following:
(a) A person who buys and uses goods to satisfy wants.
(b) A person who sells goods to make a profit.
(c) A person who employs somebody by giving them a wage.
Answer:
(a) Consumer
(b) Seller
(c) Organiser or Employer

Question 26.
Expenditure schedule of a first line Covid centre in Kerala is given below. Show the expenditure in a Pie diagram.

Item	Expenditure in Percentage
Ventilators	18%
PPE Kits	30%
Pulse Oximeter	12%
Gloves	10%
Miscellaneous	30%

Answer:

Question 27.
Calculate quartile deviation for the following data:
20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 32, 38, 39, 46, 48
Answer:

Question 28.
Construct an Index number for the given data by using the simple aggregative method, considering 2010 as a base.

Commodity	Price per unit
	2010	2015
A	80	95
B	50	60
C	90	100
D	30	45

Answer:

Answer any 3 questions from 29 to 33. Each carries 4 scores. (3 × 4 = 12)

Question 29.
Explain the measures that are initiated by the Govt of India to improve the agricultural marketing system in rural areas.
Answer:
India implemented certain measures to improve the agriculture marketing system. Some of the important measures are given below.

• Regulation of the market to create orderly and transparent marketing conditions.
• Provision of physical infrastructure facilities.
• Cooperative marketing.
• Introduction of minimum support price.
• Creation of buffer stock.

Question 30.
Analyze the various strategies adopted by the Republic of China in their developmental path.
Answer:
China adopted some measures to achieve its development goals. They are as follows:

• A responsibility system was introduced in farming instead of a commune system.
• Private initiative and private enterprise were encouraged.
• State-owned enterprises were made to face competition.
• Foreign investment was allowed and encouraged. This policy attracted multinational corporations to China.
• Special economic zones were set up to attract FDI.

Question 31.
Analyze the state of infrastructural development in India under British rule.
Answer:
The real beginning of modem infrastructure development in India done by the British rule. But they had selfish interest behind this. i.e. to develop their trade facilities, mobilise their army. The following infrastructure were develop during British period.

• Railway
• Ports
• Posts and Telegraphs
• Water Transport

Question 32.
Following are the marks obtained by 30 students in economics in a class test. Construct a frequency distribution table with a class interval equal to 10.

Answer:

Class	Frequency
0 – 10	3
10 – 20	6
20 – 30	2
30 – 40	6
40 – 50	3
50 – 60	3
60 – 70	2
70 – 80	3
80 – 90	2
	Σf = 30

Question 33.
Draw scatter diagrams representing the following:
(a) Positive Correlation
(b) Negative Correlation
(c) Perfect Positive Correlation
(d) Perfect Negative Correlation
Answer:
A scatter diagram is a simple but useful technique for visually examining the type of relationship between two variables.
(a) Positive Correlation

When the plotted points show a rising trend from the lower left-hand corner to the upper right-hand corner and if they are very closely held together, this type of association is known as positive correlation.

(b) Negative Correlation

Here the plotted points show a falling trend from the upper level-hand corner to the lower right-hand corner.

(c) Perfect Positive Correlation

Here the plotted points lie on a straight line rising from the lower left-hand corner to the upper right-hand corner.

(d) Perfect Negative Correlation

Here the points lie on a straight line falling from the upper left-hand corner to the lower right-hand corner.

Answer any 3 questions from 34 to 38. Each carries 5 scores. (3 × 5 = 15)

Question 34.
Calculate the standard deviation and coefficient of variation for the following frequency distribution table:

Marks	Number of Students
20	8
24	7
30	10
35	12
38	6
40	3

Answer:

Question 35.
Analyze the industrial sector reforms and tax reforms implemented as a part of liberalization measures in 1991.
Answer:
Industrial sector reforms include the following measures.

1. Delicensing: Only a few industries like alcohol, cigarettes, hazardous chemicals, industrial explosives, drugs and pharmaceuticals need licensing. Others have been delicensed.
2. Dereservation: The number of industries reserved for the public sector has been drastically reduced. Only defense equipment, atomic energy, and railways are reserved for the public sector.
3. Dereservation and goods for the small-scale sector: The number of goods reserved for the small-scale sector was reduced.
4. Amendment of MRTP and FERA: The MRTP Act and FERA were amended to facilitate private investment.
5. Tax Reforms: Tax reforms were introduced as a part of liberalization and economic reform. Important tax reforms are the following.
   • Reduction in Personal Income Tax
   • Reduction in Corporation Tax
   • Reduction in Excise Duty
   • Reduction in Customs Duty

Question 36.
Explain the sources of Human Capital Formation.
Answer:
Human Capital formation is an important process in any nation in the world, without which development is almost impossible. India tries to attain this through the following ways.
1. Education:
An educated population is a very important part of development. So education should be given top priority because of the following reasons.

• Raises the quality of life
• Enhances productivity
• Raises social status
• It leads to innovation

2. Health:
A healthy population contributes much to the development of a nation. So all nations in the world give much importance to health care. It includes

• Preventive medicines
• Curative medicines
• Social medicine
• Provision of clean drinking water
• Provision for sanitation facilities

3. On Job Training:
Provision of on job training will help to enhance individual ability and it would increase the productivity of a person.

4. Migration:
Migration is an important way through which people can earn more and be familiar with novel ideas and concepts. Migration and its benefit are visible India which plays a crucial role in Kerala.

5. Information:
Proper information about education, employ-ment, healthcare are vey important. Expenditure on such information is regarded as investment in human capital.

Question 37.
Analyze the challenges that the power sector in India is facing.
Answer:
The power sector in India faces many challenges. They are given below.

• Insufficient power generation compared to the requirement.
• Low installed capacity, and underutilization of plants.
• State electricity boards are running with loss. In this sense they are inefficient.
• Distribution and transmission losses, subsidies, and power theft are huge.
• Thermal power plants face a shortage of coal. Nuclear power plants face a shortage of raw material Uranium.

Question 38.
Draw less than Ogive and more than Ogive from the given below data:

Daily Wage	Number of Persons
0 – 50	7
50 – 100	10
100 – 150	20
150 – 200	13
200 – 250	12
250 – 300	19
300 – 350	14
350 – 400	9

Answer:

Answer any 2 questions from 39 to 41. Each carries 8 scores. (2 × 8 = 16)

Question 39.
(a) List the causes of poverty in India.
(b) Analyse the policies introduced by the government for alleviating poverty in India.
Answer:
(a) Poverty is a major challenge faced by India. Poverty has many dimensions. The main causes of poverty in India are the following.

• Low income
• Lack of asset
• Unemployment
• Inequalities
• Isolation and powerlessness
• Vulnerability
• Low economic growth
• Population explosion
• Backward agriculture and low levels of industrialization
• Inflation

(b) Poverty is a major challenge faced by the Indian economy. To reduce poverty government has implemented certain measures. It includes

• Self-employment and Wage Employment Programmes
• Food Security Programmes
• Social Security Programmes

Question 40.
(a) What do you mean by sustainable development?
(b) What strategies can be adopted to achieve sustainable development?
Answer:
(a) Sustainable development is environment friendly development that sustains itself. It does not degrade the environment and damage the prospects for future generations.
(b) Strategies for sustainable development show a focus on the prevention of environmental degradation by limiting the demands on environmental resources. This strategy includes the use of non-conventional sources of energy adoption of traditional knowledge and practices, organic farming, etc.

(a) Use of Non-Conventional Sources of Energy:
This would reduce the damage to the environment due to the excessive use of conventional energy sources. This strategy includes

• Use of LPG, Gobar gas in rural areas
• Use of CNG in urban area
• Use of wind energy
• Use of solar energy
• Constructing mini hydel projects

(b) Traditional Knowledge and Practices:
This would help us to reduce the use of hazardous chemical substances. Through this we can minimise the environmental damage.
eg: Herbs can be used in the preparation of soaps, shampoos, and creams.

(c) Organic Farming:
This farming method is eco-friendly. Following this farming method would help to improve the quality of the environment.

(d) Biopest Control:
Through this, we can avoid the use of hazardous chemical pesticides.
Adoption of all these above-mentioned things would help us to attain the goal of sustainable development.

Question 41.
Calculate the mean and median for the following data:

Marks	Number of Persons
10 – 20	4
20 – 30	7
30 – 40	16
40 – 50	20
50 – 60	15
60 – 70	8

Answer:

Mean = \(\frac{\sum \mathrm{fx}}{\mathrm{~N}}=\frac{3040}{70}\) = 43.43
Median = \(l+\frac{\frac{N}{2}-c f}{f} \times C\)
l = lower limit of median class
Median class = \(\frac{N}{2}\)th item = \(\frac{70}{2}\) = 35
35 corresponds to cumulative frequency 47.
The class corresponding to 47 is 40 – 50, so it is the median class, we can select 40 as ‘l’.
cf is 27, frequency (f) = 20
Class interval (c) = 10
Just put the values in above mentioned equation.
Median = \(l+\frac{\frac{N}{2}-c f}{f} \times C\)
= 40 + \(\frac{35-27}{20} \times 10\)
= 40 + \(\frac{8}{20}\) × 10
= 40 + 4
= 44

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One Botany Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf September 2021 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One Botany Previous Year Question Paper September 2021

I. Answer any 3 questions from 1 to 6. Each carries 1 score. (3 × 1 = 3)

Question 1.
Obseve the first pair and fill in the blank.
Lichen : association with fungi and algae.
______ : association of fungi with roots of higher plants.
Answer:
Mycorrhiza

Question 2.
Fill in the blank.
DNA synthesis take place in the ______ phase of cell cycle.
Answer:
S-phase

Question 3.
Name the plant hormone which helps to the ripening of fruits.
Answer:
Ethylene

Question 4.
Fill in the blank.
A flower having both feynoecium and Androecium is _____
Answer:
Bisexual flower

Question 5.
Name a bacteria responsible for nitrification.
Answer:
Nitrosomonas/nitrobactor

Question 6.
Name the unicellular fungus used for making bread.
Answer:
Yeast

II. Answer any 9 questions form 7 to 24. Each carries 2scores. (9 × 2 = 18)

Question 7.
Complete the table withappropriate terms:
Answer:
(a) Green Algae
(b) Phaeophyceae
(c) Red algae
(d) Laminarin/Mannitol

Classes	Common Name	Stored food
Ghlorophyceae	(a)	Starch
(b)	Brown algae	(d)
Rhodophyceae	(c)	Florideam starch

Question 8.
The arrangement of veins and veinlets in the lamina of leaf is termed as venation. Write any two types of venation.
Answer:
Recticulate and Parallel Venation

Question 9.
Match the folloiwng:

Column A	Column B
Sub-stages of Meiosis 1	Events
(i) Diakinesis	(a) Formation of chiasmata
(ii) Zygotene	(b) Crossing over
(iii) Pachytene	(c) Synapsis
(iv) Diplotene	(d) Terminalisation of chiasmata

Answer:

Column A	Column B
Sub-stages of Meiosis 1	Events
(i) Diakinesis	(d) Terminalisation of chiasmata
(ii) Zygotene	(c) Synapsis
(iii) Pachytene	(b) Crossing over
(iv) Diplotene	(a) Formation of chiasmata

Question 10.
Mitochondria is known as the power house of the cell. Why?
Answer:
They produce cellular energy in the form of ATP, stored and distributed for various cell activities hence they are called power houses of the cell.

Question 11.
Write any two functions of cell membrane.
Answer:
Cell growth, formation of intercellular juctions, secretion, endocytosis, cell division, transport of the molecules (Any two)

Question 12.
Light reaction is process involved in photosynthesis.
(a) What is light reaction?
(b) Where does it take place
Answer:
(a) It is the first step of photosynthesis in which trapping of light energy takes place and the synthesis of ATP and NADPH
(b) Grana membrane

Question 13.
In some plants that are adpted to dry tropical region have the C₄ pathway.
(a) Name the special type of anatomy seen in C4 plants.
(b) List out any two plants that shows C₄ pathway.
Answer:
(a) Kranz Anatomy
(b) Maize and sorghum

Question 14.
Sigmoid curve of growth is a characteristic of living organism growing in natural environment. Write any two phases seen in sigmoid growth curve.
Answer:
Lag phase/Exponential phase/Stationary phase (Anty two)

Question 15.
Write any two events take place in z-scheme of light reaction.
Answer:

1. Formation of ATP and NADPH
2. Splitting of water and release of oxygen.

Question 16.
Water movement in the root layer to xylem occurs by two distinct pathways. Which are they?
Answer:

1. Apoplast
2. Symplast

Question 17.
Write any two functions of Mesosomes.
Answer:
It helps in

1. Cell wall formation
2. DNA replciation and distribution to daughter cells
3. Respriation
4. Secretion (any two)

Question 18.
The Calvin cycle represents the main events in Dark reaction.
(a) Name the three main stages of Calvin cycle.
(b) What is the main product of Calvin cycle?
Answer:
1. Carboxylation
2. Reduction
3. Regeneration

b) Sucrose/ Starch

Question 19.
Agar is a commercial product obtained from algae.
(a) Name one alga from which agar is obtained.
(b) Write any one use of agar.
Answer:
(a) Gelidium Gracilaria
(b)

1. Use to grow microbes
2. Preparations of ice-creams and jellies.

Question 20.
Differentiate endarch and exarch xylem.
Answer:
In Endarch condition, protoxylem lies towards the centre (pith) and the metaxylem lies towards the periphery of the organ. eg. stem. In Exarch condition, protoxylem lies towards periphery and metaxylem lies towards the centre. eg. root.

Question 21.
Observe the figure. Identify the types to vascular bundles.

Answer:
(a) Radial
(b) Conjoint open

Question 22.
Differentiate between Heartwood and sapwood.
Answer:
The central dark coloured, durable and non functional wood is heart wood.
The peripheral light coloured, less durable and functional wood is sap wood.

Question 23.
Name the products obtained from anaerobic respiration by Yeast.
Answer:
Ethanol and CO₂

Question 24.
The girue below shows three types of facilitated diffusion. Identify the type of movement seen in (a) and (b).

Answer:
(a) Antiport
(b) Symport

Answer any 3 questions from 25 to 30. Each carries 3 scores. (3 × 3 = 9)

Question 25.
What are the fifferences between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration?
Answer:
In aerobic respiration glucose is breakdown in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water and more amount of energy.
In anaerobic respiration glucose is breakdown in the absence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and ethanol (depends on type of micro-organism) and less amount of energy.

Question 26.
Given below is the floral formula of a plant in a particular family.

(a) Identify the family.
(b) Write any two floral characters of the family
Answer:
(a) Fabaceae
(b) Zygomorphic, 5 petals papilionaceous, vexillary aestivation diadelphous stamen and marginal placentation (any two)

Question 27.
The figure shown below is the diagrammatic view of an important phase of mitosis.
(a) Identify the phase.
(b) What are the key events occurring during this phase?
Answer:

(a) Metaphase
(b) Spindle fibres attach to kinetochores of chromosomes.
Chromosomes are arranged at spindle equator.

Question 28.
What are the criteria used for identifying essentiality of elements?
Answer:
(a) The element must be supporting normal growth and reproduction.
(b) The requriement of the element must be specific.
(c) The element must be directly involved in the metabolism of the plant.

Question 29.
The respiratory quotient depends upon the type of substrate used during respiration.
(a) Define RQ (Respiratory quotient)
(b) What is the RQ of carbohydrte during respiration?
Answer:
(a) The ratio of the volume of CO₂ evolved to the volume of O₂ consumed in respiration is called the respiratory quotient.
(b) 1

Question 30.
The various functions of plant growth regulaters are given below. Arrange them under suitable columns in the table provided.(i) Intermode elongation of sugarcane
(ii) Promotes cell division
(iii) Bolting
(iv) Apical dominance
(v) Initiate rooting in stem cutting
(vi) Overcome apical dominance

Name of Plant growth regulators	Function
Auxin
Giberelline
Cytokinin

Answer:

Name of Plant growth regulators	Functions
Auxin	(a) Apical dominance
	(b) Initiate rooting in stem cutting
Giberelline	(c) Intermode elongation of sugarcane
	(d) Bolting
Cytokinin	(e) Promotes cell division
	(f) Overcome apical

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One Botany Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf June 2022 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One Botany Previous Year Question Paper June 2022

I. Answer any three questions from 1 to 4. Each carries 1 score. (3 × 1 = 3)

Question 1.
Fill in the blank.
Diffusion of water across a differentially or selectively Permeable membrane is ____.
Answer:
Osmosis

Question 2.
Choose the correct answr. Reserve Food in Phaeophyceae (Floridean starch, Mannitol, Starch, Algin)
Answer:
Mannitol

Question 3.
Observe the first pair and fill the blank.
Light reaction: Grana
Dark reaction: ____
Answer:
Stroma

Question 4.
Name the process which is common for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Answer:
Glycolysis

II. Answer any 9 questions from 5 to 17. Each carries 2 scores. (9 × 2 = 18)

Question 5.
Plants adapted to dry tropical regions exhibit C₄ pathway.
(a) Name the first CO₂ acceptor in C₄ Pathway.
(b) Which is the first stable product formed in C₄ Pathway?
Answer:
a) PEP (Phospho enol Pyruvic acid)
b) OAA (Oxalo Acetic Acid)

Question 6.
Define Mycorrhiza. How is Mycorrhizal associaton helpful to plants?
Answer:
Mvcorrhiza
It is the syymbiotic association between fungi and roots of higher plants like pinus. Due to the presence of large surface area of hyphae, they helps to absorb water and minerals from soil Roots in turn gives sugar & N- containing compounds to fungus.

Question 7.
Differentiate between long day plants and short day plants.
Answer:

1. Long day plants : They require the exposure to light for a period greater than critical duration (12 hr) before flowering.
2. Short day plants: They require the exposure to light for a period less than critical duration before the flowering.

Question 8.
Match the following:

A	B
a) Bryophytes	i) Double Fertilisation
b) Pteridophytes	ii) Protonema
c) Gymnosperms	iii) Prothallus
d) Angiosperms	vi) Naked seeded

Answer:

A	B
a) Bryophytes	Protonema
b) Pteridophytes	Prothallus
c) Gymnosperms	Naked seeded
d) Angiosperms	Double Fertilisation

Question 9.
List out the four components of xylem in angiosperms.
Answer:

1. Xylem vessels.
2. Xylem tracheids.
3. Xylem parenchyma & Xylem fibres.

Question 10.
Given below are certain processes that occur during the differnt phases of Prophase I in meiotic division. Arrange them against appropriate stages provided in the table.
• Crossing over
• Formation of synapsis
• Terminilisation of Chiasmata
• Dissolution of synaptomal complex.
Answer:

(a) Zygotene	Formation of synapsis
(b) Pachytene	Crossing over
(c) Diplotene	Dissolution of synaptonemal complex
(d) Diakinesis	Terminalisation of chiasmata

Question 11.
Write any two uses of Bacteria.
Answer:

• It helps in the conversion of milk to curd.
• It helps in the production of antibiotics.

Question 12.
Define Respiratory Quotient. Write the RQ value of Carbohydrate.
Answer:
Respiratory quotient It is the ratio of volume of CO₂ evolved to the volume of O₂ constimed in respiration
RQ of carbohydrate = 1

Question 13.
List out the four stages of M phase of cell cycle in correct sequential order.
Answer:
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 14.
Observe the given diagram of Mitochondria.
(a) Identify and label parts A and B.
(b) Why Mitochondria is known as the power house of the cell?

Answer:
a) (A) Matrix
(B) Crista

b) Huge energy produced in the form of ATP and stored

Question 15.
How do conjoint vascular bundles fiffer from radial vascular bundels?
Answer:

• Conjoint vascular bundle : Xylem and Phloem are arranged in the same bundle on the same radius. Here phloem is located on the outer side of Xylem
• Radial vascular bundle : Xylem & Phloem are arranged in separate bundles on different radius.

Question 16.
Write any two peculiarities of facemose inflorescence.
Answer:

• Peduncle has unlimited growth.
• Flowers are arranged in Acropetal succession.

Question 17.
List any two functions of cell wall in plant cells.
Answer:

1. Give shape to the cell
2. Protects the cell from mechanical damage and infection.

Answer any 3 questions from 18 to 22. Each carries 3 scores. (3 × 3 = 9)

Question 18.
Given below are certain activities of growth regulators in plants. Arrange them under suitable heading in the table provided.
• Initiate rooting in stem cuttings.
• Bolting in rosette plants.
• Apical dominance.
• Increase length of grape stalks
• Pathenocarpy in tomatores.
• Speed up malting process in brewing industry
Auxin:
Gibberellin:
Answer:

1. Auxin : Initiate rooting in stem cuttings, Apical dominance, Parthenocarpy in tomatoes
2. Gibberellin : Bolting in rosette plants, Increase length of grape stalks, Speed up malting process in brewing industry

Question 19.
Write any three differences between cyclic and non- cyclic photophosphorylation.
Answer:

Cycic photophosphorvlation	Non-cvclic photophosphorvlation
1. Only PS I is functional,	1. Ps I and PS II are functional,
2. ATP is synthesized,	2. ATP & NADPH are synthesized.
3. Photolysis of water absent,	3. Photolysis of water present

Question 20.
Define Hydroponics. Write any two appli-cations of hydroponics.
Answer:
Hydroponics It is the soilless cultivation of plants in nutrient medium

1. It helps to study deficiency symptoms in plants
2. Commercial production of vegetables such as tomato, seedless cucumber & lettuce.

Question 21.
List out any three modifications of root with one example each.
(a) Identify and write the compounds A and B in the cycle.
(b) Name the scientist who first elucidated the cycle.
(c) Where does tricarboxylic cycle occur?
Answer:
Roots are modified for

1. Mechanical support
   • Prop roots : In banyan tree, adventitious roots are modified and provide mechanical support
   • Stilt roots : In maize and sugarcane adventitious roots are supporting and coming out from the lower nodes of the stem.
2. Storage of food
   • In carrot, turnips tap roots are modified for food storage
   • In sweet potato adventitious roots are swollen and store food.
3. Respiration
   • Rhizophora growing in swampy areas, many roots dome out of the ground and grow vertically upwards. Such roots are called

Question 22.
Given below is the schematic representation of tricarboxylic acid cycle in respiration.

Answer:
a) A cjtric acid B Succinic acid
b) Hans Kreb
c) Matrix of Mitochondria

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One English Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf Board Model Paper 2022 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One English Board Model Paper 2022 with Answers

Time: 2½ Hours
Total Score: 80 Marks

Part – I

Answer all questions from 1 – 4. Each carries 1 score:

Read the following excerpt and answer the questions that follow:
“My dreams at that time were rather confused”, he admitted. “Before my condition was diagnosed, I had been bored with life. There did not seem to be anything worth doing. But shortly after I came out of hospital, I dreamt that I was going to be executed. I suddenly realized that there were a lot of worthwhile things to do, if I were reprieved. Another recurring dream was the idea of sacrificing my life to save others. After all, if I were going to die, I might as well do some good.”

Question 1.
Who is ‘I’ referred to?
Answer:
Stephen Hawking

Question 2.
Why were his dreams rather confused?
Answer:
He was suffering from armyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a progressive nervous system disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, causing loss of muscle control, for which there is no known cure.

Question 3.
What was his recurring dream?
Answer:
His recurring dream was about sacrificing his life for others.

Question 4.
Pick out a word from the passage which means ‘released’.
Answer:
reprieved

Answer all questions from 5 to 8. Each carries i score. (4 × 1 = 4)

Read the following lines from the poem and answer the questions that follow:
Then Captain Smith, her commander brave,
Thought not one moment, his own life to save,
But stood on the bridge, calling out to the crew,
Remember your country, Be British, be true.

And England, and Ireland, and Scotland, and Wales,
Proved there to the World: Their Valor ne’er fails,
‘The women and children first’, was their cry,
And everyone of the Crew, stood by.

Question 5.
Who is the brave commander of the ship?
Answer:
Captain Smith

Question 6.
Pick out the line which suggests the ideal quality of the captain.
Answer:
Remember your country, Be British, be true.

Question 7.
‘Then Captain Smith, her commander brave’. Identify the poetic device used in the above line.
Answer:
Personification. The use of ‘her’ for the ship as if the ship is a woman.

Question 8.
Who got the top priority to be rescued from the sinking ‘Titanic’?
Answer:
The women and children.

Part – II

Answer any three questions from 9 to 12. Each carries 2 scores:

Question 9.
The dialogue between Mrs. Cliford and Mr. Gupta in ‘Price of Flowers’ is given below:
Report the dialogue:
Mrs. Clifford : Did you see that in the crystal?
Mr. Gupta: Yes, I have seen it.
Answer:
Mrs Clifford asked Mr. Gupta if he had seen that in the crystal. Mr Gupta replied saying that he had seen it.

Question 10.
Complete the following passage choosing the right word given in the box:
but, unfortunately, therefore
__________, Stephen was ill at the time of the scholarship examination for Westminster. __________, he attested the local Saint Alban’s School.
Answer:
Unfortunately, Therefore

Question 11.
Complete the following passage with right form of the verbs given in brackets:
If United Nations __________(stop) the war between two countries beforehand, so many children and the old would not have suffered from hunger and cold. If the situation continues the same, too many live __________(lose).
Answer:
had stopped, (lives) will be lost

Question 12.
Explain the poet’s view on the given lines of the poem ‘if.
“If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster,
And treat those two imposters just the same.”
Answer:
You should be able to take triumphs and tragedies with equanimity. Do not be overjoyed at your triumphs and don’t get dejected with your failures. Learn to treat them equally.

Part – III

Answer any five questions from 13 to 20. Each carries 4 scores: (5 × 4 = 20)

Question 13.
Edit the following passage:
Last year, I pay him a visit. I though I’d go and see how things was with him. On his letters, my brother called his estate Tchimbarshov corner, or Himalayskoe. I arrived at Himalayskoe in afternoon.
Answer:
Last year, I paid him a visit. I thought I’d (I would) go and see how things were with him. In his letters, my brother called his estate Tehimbarshov corner, or Himalayaskoe. I arrived at Himalayaskoe in the afternoon.

Question 14.
The Army Chief of North West Frontier Regiment sent an e-mail to Frank’s mother informing about his death in the war. Prepare the e-mail.
Answer:
mrsclifford@gmail.com
Dear Mrs. Clifford,

I have some very sad news for you. Your son Frank died heroically when he was fighting with the enemies, yesterday morning. He was surrounded by a number of enemy soldiers and they killed him. He was a great fighter and a pride of our regiment. England will be proud of him. He will be buried here with full military honours.

May God give you the courage to accept the loss! The whole regiment joins in sending our heartfelt condolences to you. May Frank’s soul Rest in Peace.

Army Chief, North West Frontier Regiment

Question 15.
‘His First Flight ‘ by Liam O’ Flaherty is a true parable about overcoming fears in life. Comment on the title of the story.
Answer:
The story “His First Flight” by Liam O’Flaherty is certainly a true parable about overcoming fears in life. The story is about a young seagull that is afraid to fly. He has never gone out of its nest. All his younger siblings, despite their much shorter wings, flew fearlessly while he could not gather the courage to trust his own wings. Then his mother has to tempt him with food to fly out of his nest. The story explains the importance of things like independence, courage and self- confidence. It also stresses the need for motivation to reach our goals. Necessity, they say, is the mother of invention, but it sometimes needs an initial spark from outside. The title is a very appropriate one showing the fears and anxieties of the seagull venturing into his first flight.

Question 16.
“Wherever you travel, enjoy and be safe.” Prepare two Do’s and Don’ts for safe travel.
Answer:
To travel safely and enjoy it, one has to follow certain do’s and don’ts.

Do’s:
a) Make sure you have the essential documents.
b) Take necessary vaccinations
c) Have credit and debit cards or other ways of electronic payment.
d) Do take appropriate clothes
e) Do make sure that you eat healthy food and drink pure water

Don’ts
a) Don’t take unnecessary risks
b) Don’t carry a lot of cash
c) Don’t carry too much luggage; less luggage more comfort.
d) Don’t put too much trust in strangers
e) Don’t offend others by your words or deeds.

Question 17.
The shipping company and the passenger tourists have decided to acknowledge the meritorious service of Hasan during the pandemic. Dr. A. J. Cronin was asked to introduce Hasan in the felicitation programme. Prepare the script of the introductory speech.
Answer:
Ladies and Gentlemen,

We have gathered here to honour Hasan, the serang of Ranaganji, who had rendered meritorious services during our voyage to Calcutta. The ship had some 1500 passengers. When we passed Aden, we found that two of the lascars, deck hands, had small pox. The matter had to be kept secret. Otherwise there would be panic among the passengers. Hasan took care of them by moving them to a shelter in the stern of the ship. Then the number of patients increased to 14. Then two men died. They were Hindus, but although Hasan was a Muslim, he sewed their shrouds and read loud a short passage from the Ramayana.

Then he cast the bodies overboard at midnight. All this Hasan did without complaining. Then when the ship reached Colombo, he took the leadership and moved the patients to the hospital. He said that he was really happy to do all those things for his brethren. He believes that all human beings are brothers and sisters and we ought to help one another in their needs. Where can we find such selfless people like Hasan, who was ready to die serving others? I am proud to introduce Hasan to all of you. May God give him a long and healthy life!

Question 18.
Media club of your school has decided to conduct a debate on the topic. “Does modern technology ruin human interactions?” Write four arguments in favour of the topic.
Answer:
Modern technology ruins human interactions:
a) By making people spend most of their time with their mobiles or laptops. It spoils even family relations.

b) People do not visit each other these days. They make video calls instead.

c) The closeness with people is lost. Many people don’t even like guests coming to their homes when they are watching serials which go on for 24 hours of the day on different channels.

d) It adversely affects people’s health. They don’t get physical exercises as machines do all the hard tasks. People don’t even walk for small distances. They use their bikes or cars.

Question 19.
The details of Smt. Lata Mangeshkar’s life and achievements are given below. Using them, prepare a profile.

Lata Mangeshkar

Born : 28th September 1929, Indore, India
Notable Awards : National Film Awards, Film Fare Life Achievement Award
Honours : Padma Bhushan (1969) Dadasaheb Phalke Award Padma Vibhushan (1999) Bharat Ratna (2001)
Occupation : Playback Singer Music Composer Film Producer
Other Name : Queen of Melody Voice of the Millenium
Death : 6th February, 2022.
Answer:

Lata Mangeshkar

Lata Mangeshkar was born on 28 September 1929 in Indpre, Madhya Pradesh, India. She was the daughter of Deenanath Mangeshkar and . Shudhamati. Lata was the greatest playback singer India ever had. Her sisters Asha Bhonsle, Ushaand Meena are also well-known playback singers. Lata Mangeshkar has received many National Film Awards and the Film Fare Life Achievement Award. She was given many Honours like Padma Bhushan (1969), Dadasaheb Phalke Award, Padma Vibhushan (1999) and Bharat Ratna in 2001. Apart from being a Playback Singer, she was also a Music Composer and Film Producer. She is popularly known as the “Queen of Melody” and the “Voice of the Millennium”. She died on 6 February 2022.

Question 20.
Elaborate the idea in the given lines of the poem ‘Death The Leveller’.

“Only the actions of the just
Smell sweet and blossom in their dust.”
Answer:
“Death the Leveller” is an excellent poem by James Shirley, who is known as the last of Elizabethans. The poem asks the readers to think about their actions. The poem talks about the vanity and intemperance of earthly glory and power. Death is a leveller. He levels everyone. Before him there is no distinction between high and low, rich and poor, strong and weak. Death reduces all of them to dust. The poet emphasises the fact that only the good deeds done during our life time will be remembered as they last forever.

Part – IV

Answer any five questions from 21 to 28. Each carries 6 scores. (5 × 6 = 30)

Question 21.
Mr. Gupta as a friendly character, is ready to adjust with the need of others. Prepare the character sketch of Mr. Gupta.
Answer:
Mr. Gupta is the narrator and a character in the fine story “The Price of Flowers” by Prabhat Kumar Mukopadhyay. Mr. Gupta had gone to London. One day while taking his lunch he saw a young girl watching him with interested surprise. She was a poor girl. After eating, when she paid the bill she asked the cashier if Mr. Gupta was an Indian. Mr. Gupta then asked the cashier who the girl was. The cashier knew nothing much about her and told him that the girl came to eat there on Saturdays as Saturday was the pay day. The following Saturday Mr. Gupta met the girl at the restaurant. He comes to know her only brother Frank is in the army and he is in India. She lives with her mother. The girl, Maggie, had heard many stories about India and that is why she took an interest in Mr. Gupta.

She then takes Gupta to her house to meet her mother who believed that being a Hindu Mr. Gupta could see her son in the crystal ring that he had sent her from India. Although he could see nothing in the crystal he pretended he could see and said her son was fine in India. He said that because Maggie had told her that her mother was very sick and if she hears any bad news about her son it might affect her health further. Actually the son had died in a battle in India. But Gupta told the lie because of the illness of the mother and he was asked to say like that by Maggie. We also see Mr. Gupta placing flowers at the grave of Frank when he returned to India, as he had promised. Thus we see Gupta to be a friendly character ready to adjust with the need of others.

Question 22.
You are the reporter of a leading news channel and was assigned to report a live TV. programme “Turtle – Calling Ritual” in Namuana Village. Prepare a live T.V report.
Answer:
I am reporting from the village of Namuana, on the island of Kadavu in Fiji. All the maidens of the village have assembled near the shore. They make a strange chant. As they chant I can see giant turtles rising one by one on the surface listening to the music. The strange thing is that if any member of the nearby village of Nabukelevu is present, then the turtles will not rise to the surface or the bay and the turtle calling has to be abandoned. There is a reason for that. This ritual is known as “calling turtles from the sea”.

This ritual is based on a legend. Many years ago, in the beautiful village of Namuana, on the Island of Kadavu, there lived a beautiful princess named Tinaicoboga. She was the wife of the chief of Namuana. She had a charming daughter named Raudalice. The two women often went fishing on the reefs around their home. Once they went farther than usual. A group of fishermen from the nearby village of Nabukelevu came and caught the two women. They tied their hands and feet and threw them into their canoe. The women begged for their release. But the cruel fishermen did not pay any attention to their pleas.

But the sea gods were kind. They sent a storm and the canoe was tossed about by the waves. The men then saw the two women had turned into turtles. To save their lives, the men threw the turtles into the sea. Immediately the weather changed and there were no more waves. The two women who became turtles lived on in the water of the bay. It is their descendants who rise from water when they hear the chant of the women.

You may not believe the truth of the legend. But the Fijians believe it.

Question 23.
Nichola’s dearest dream had come true and he became an estate owner. You are a staff reporter of
a Daily and decided to interview him for the Daily. Prepare six interview questions and possible answers.
Answer:
Reporter: Good Morning Nicholai! I am from the Daily “National Herald”. We want to ask you a few questions.
Nicholai : Good Morning. You are welcome. Please take your seat.
Reporter : Thanks. I will ask you only a few questions which will be easy for you to answer.
Nicholai : Go ahead. I am ready to answer you.
Reporter : Why did you want to have a goose-berry bush?
Nicholai : As children we spent our days and nights in the fields and the wood. So I developed a desire for that.
Reporter : How are you different from your brother Ivan?
Nicholai : Ivan is different from me. He loves country life but he is not so passionate like me.
Reporter : What are your dreams?
Nicholai : My dream is to live in the country, eating out in the open air, sleeping in the sun and sitting for hours by the gate and looking at the fields and the forest.
Reporter : Is that all?
Nicholai : No. I want to sit on the veranda drinking tea and watching my ducklings swim in the pond. I certainly love my goose-berry bush.
Reporter : If you are offered a large amount of money for this estate, will you sell it?
Nicholai : Never. This is my paradise and I will never sell it for any amount of money.
Reporter : Thank you, Nicholai, for your cooperation.
Good-bye!
Nicholai: Okay! Goodbye!

Question 24.
Having read the story ‘Conceptual Fruit’, you feel interested in the cause of differently abled children and decide to highlight their problem. Write a letter to the editor of a prominent daily commenting on the plight and needs of such children.
Answer:
The Editor
Indian Express
Kochi

Dear Sir,

Problems of the Differently-Abled Children

I was prompted to write this letter after having read the story “Conceptual Fruit” by Thaisa Frank. Greta is a differently-abled girl. As we all know differently- abled children are not able to enjoy the charms and pleasures of a normal life because of their physical or mental handicaps. In such cases technology can play a big role. Greta wants to have a house of her own. She wants a blue bowl in every room. She wants peaches in the kitchen and in the living room and all the bedrooms. She wants a kitchen, a dining room, a living room and a bedroom for the cat because she loves cats very much. Greta’s mother and brother are not affectionate or considerate to her and they think she is crazy and laugh at her. But her father is very sympathetic. He makes Greta happy by giving her what she wants on the cyberspace.

People should be made aware of the problems of different-abled people and they should be encouraged to do all they can to help them. Governments should be more sympathetic and should provide special places for the entertainment of differently-abled children. In the public parks and libraries there should be provision for the differently-abled people.

Rosy Abraham
XII/20, Azad Road, irinjalakuda
12 July 2022

Question 25.
Dr. A.P.J.Abdul Kalam ignited the minds of the youth through this motivational speech ‘I Will Fly’. Prepare a write up on the central idea of the speech.
Answer:
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam ignited the minds of the youth through his motivational speech “I Will Fly”. The central idea of the speech is ‘You Be You’. In his speech he tells the students to be unique. He says that the world around you tells you to be like others. At home your parents will tell you to be like the children of your neighbours. At school, the teacher will tell you to be like one of the first 5 rank holders in the school. All the people will tell you to be somebody else. But Kalam tells you to be YOU. You should not try to be someone else. You should not be a copycat. Vie says, “Be you, and thus you can be unique”. I think this is a wonderful idea. This will release everyone from his/her inferiority complex. It is when you compare yourself with others, you feel inferior. Kalam wants people to be confident, self-reliant and hardworking. He wants everyone to be believe that he/she was born with wings and so nobody needs to crawl because he/she can fly.

Question 26.
The young seagull made his first flight, thanks to his mother’s timely intervention. Have your parents ever made any such timely interventions in order to refill self confidence in you? Narrate one such incident in about 80 words.
Answer:
I remember how my parents refilled self-confidence in me when I was around six years old. I saw my elder brother and sister swimming in our pond. But I was afraid to get into the water beyond my waist. I tried to go beyond that many times but some kind of panic would grip me and I would not go deeper. My father knew I wanted to swim but I was afraid. He knew that I am very fond of ripe mangoes. One day he entered the pond with a ripe mango in his hand. He is a tall man. He stood neck deep in water and showed me the big ripe mango. He said I would get it only if I went to him. I was seriously tempted as my mouth was getting filled with water at the sight of the yellow mango. Ijumped into the water. I started walking towards him. Water reached my waist. But I went further looking at the mango. Soon water was up to my neck and I lost my balance. As I was struggling in the water my father extended his hand towards me. I took hold of his hand and swam towards him. He then trained me to swim. I soon lost my fear of drowning. Now I am a good swimmer.

Question 27.
William Wordsworth, in the poem ‘To Sleep’ glorifies sleep. He calls sleep as ‘a dear mother of fresh thoughts and joyous health’. Write a paragraph about your attitude to sleep in the light of the poem.
Answer:
Wordsworth is quite right in calling sleep “a dear mother of fresh thoughts and joyous health.” After a day of hard work, I also look forward to my sleep. Sleep brings benefits not only to the body but also to the mind. Our body gets tired after doing hard work and it needs rest. Sleep gives the body rest. The mind is also busy in so many things. As a student I have to read a lot, write a lot and memorise certain facts, figures and formulae. All this is hard work for the mind and it too gets tired. Rest is essential to the mind also. After sleep the mind becomes fresh and it is ready to think coolly and absorb more information. Sleep also brings you sweet dreams. I often dream about visiting foreign countries enjoying the sights, sounds and various foods available in those places. It is said that if a person does not sleep for three consecutive days he may even die. Sleep is essential for a healthy, happy life.

Question 28.
Sports Club of your school has conducted a seminar on the topic “The importance of yoga in daily life” in connection with Inter National Yoga Day. Prepare a report of the seminar.
Answer:

Government Higher Secondary School
Irinjalakuda

Report on the Seminar on “The Importance of Yoga in Daly Life”

In connection with the International Yoga Day on 21 June 2022, the Sports Club organised a seminar. It was in the Assembly Hall. It started at 10 a.m..

After the inaugural address by the principal, 2 Papers were presented. One was by Mr. Abraham Mundakkal, the Physical Education Teacher of our school. He showed how Yoga helps people to achieve better health for all. Today some 25 crores of people are supposed to take part in the Yoga celebrations across the world.

The second Paper was by Ms. Kusum Thankachan, Director of Health Services, in the Irinjalakuda Municipality. She stressed the importance of Yoga especially for ladies suffering from obesity and related problems. Yoga caters to the health of mind and body. She said Yoga makes our body strong and resistant to many diseases that are rampant in the modern times. She added that Yoga was a good antidote for alcohol and drug addictions which are rapidly spreading amongst the youth today.

The Vote of Thanks was done by the Art Secretary of our school, Ms, Simi Mohammed. The seminar came to a close at 1 p.m.

Mithun Parakkal
Secretary, Sports Club

Part – V

Answer any two questions from 29 to 31. Each carries 8 scores: (2 × 8 = 16)

Question 29.
“Life on earth is at the ever-increasing risk of being wiped out by disaster, such as sudden global nuclear war, a genetically engineered virus or other dangers we have not yet thought of.”
Stephen Hawking
Write an essay on the topic “Disaster and Disaster Management” in the light of the above statement.
Answer:

Disaster and Disaster Management

Stephen Hawking was quite right in saying that “Life on earth is at the ever-increasing risk of being wiped out by disaster, such as sudden global nuclear war, a genetically engineered virus or other dangers we have not yet thought of.” Disasters can’t be prevented but their impact can be reduced through proper disaster management. Science and technology can help us to manage disaster to a great extent. But as we know disasters can’t be often foreseen and prevented. So disasters do happen every now and then.

Many countries have nuclear stockpiles. China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, India, North Korea, and Pakistan are nuclear powers. If a foolish ruler of any these countries decides to use nuclear weapons against its enemies, that will be disastrous to the world. Then there will be more Hiroshimas and Nagasakis. The weapons USA, Russia and the UK possess now are far more deadly than those used in Hiroshima and Nagasaki’.

Disasters can be natural and manmade. The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 near the city of Pripyat in the then USSR. It was a manmade one. It was considered the worst nuclear disaster in history causing death and destruction. It adversely affected most of Europe. In India there was the Bhopal Gas Tragedy. Nearly 4000 people died and thousands were badly affected by it. This was another manmade tragedy.

Then there are natural disasters like floods, landslides droughts, and earth-quakes. These are not predicable. But there must be ways to reduce the destruction and suffering caused by these disasters. Preparedness is very important. Kerala had severe floods and landslides in 2018 and 2019, causing such hardship to thousands of people.

There is a feeling that Covid – 19, which is still bothering us, is a manmade disaster. Many believe the corona virus that spreads this disease escaped from a laboratory in China. Covid has killed thousands and many more are in danger, as even now it is not eradicated. This is what Stephen Hawkings warned the world by saying there could be disasters caused by genetically engineered viruses.

Question 30.
Gandhian strategy – The exclusive mantra for solving problems of the modern society. Prepare a script of the speech to be delivered on Gandhi Jayanthi Day.
Answer:
Respected principal, teachers and my dear students,

Today we are celebrating the Gandhi Jayanthi Day and let us spend some time thinking about the ‘mantra’ Gandhiji gave the world to solve the problems of the modern society. Gandhiji was shot and killed on 30 January 1948 by the fanatic Nathuram Godse. But Gandhi’s teachings are still very much valid.

Gandhiji invented a new way to protest – Satyagraha. It means desire for truth. He advocated ahimsa or non-violence. He struggled for India’s freedom and helped us gain freedom from the British subjugation that lasted over 200 years. Gandhi also toiled to remove social evils that were rampant in the then Indian society. This included evils like child marriage, untouchability, and casteism.

Gandhiji lived a life of simplicity. He wanted to preach to his followers to keep things simple and not be attached to worldly pleasures. Despite being a world- renowned leader, he wore plain Khadi clothes that he spun at home on his charkha. Gandhiji was devoutly religious and respectful towards all religions. He believed in the equality of all and that everybody had a right to worship their own gods. For him “Iswar” and “Allah” were one.

He devoted his life towards spreading awareness about the importance of equality, peace, harmony and brotherhood. He always opposed untouchability and worked for Hindu-Muslim unity. He believed in eradicating all social evils, worked along with Kasturba to empower women, and fought for women’s rights. He was also concerned about farmers, and hence he tried to improve their economic condition. His principles and values still hold great value and people consider it to be the right path to follow and these ideas have been spread by many of his disciples, writers, and artists. Let us also follow his ideas and ideals to make our nation a great one.

Question 31.
Read the poem given below and write a note of appreciation.

His Journey’s Just Begun
– Ellen Brenneman

Don’t think of him as gone away
his journey’s just begun,
life holds so many facets
this earth is only one.

Just think of him as resting
from the sorrows and the tears
in a place of warmth and comfort
where there are no days and years.

Think how he must be wishing
that we could know today
how nothing but our sadness
can really pass away.
And think of him as living
in the hearts of those he touched….
for nothing loved is ever lost
and he was loved so much.
Answer:
“My Journey’s Just Begun” by Ellen Brenpeman is a short funeral poem. The dead man says that people should not think that he has gone away. His journey has only begun. Life has different phases and life on this earth is only one of them. He asks people to think of him as if he is resting from the sorrows and tears. Now he is in a place of warmth and comfort. He is in heaven. There are no days and years there.

Sitting in heaven, he wishes people happiness. He wants their sadness to go away. He wants them to think as if he is living in the hearts of those who loved him. Some things you really love are never lost as their memories will linger in your heart. From the sorrows expressed by the living, he knows he was loved so much when he was alive on this earth.

The poem makes a fine funeral reading about finding peace in the afterlife and saying goodbye to the loved ones. The dead man is happy to be in heaven and he is praying for those who are on the earth. He feels happy that he was also loved when he was alive. The poem tells us a great truth in simple words by saying “nothing loved is ever lost”. The poem has 4 stanzas. It is in simple language, but the ideas are profound. It is in rhyme and the rhyming scheme is abcb. It is a beautiful poem that gives us some fine thoughts.