Sky Near at Hand Notes Questions and Answers Class 5 Basic Science Chapter 5 Kerala Syllabus

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Sky Near at Hand Class 5 Questions and Answers Notes

Class 5 Basic Science Chapter 5 Question Answer Notes Pdf Sky Near at Hand

Basic Science Class 5 Chapter 5 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus

Let Us Assess

Question 1.
Here are some key milestones of India’s space exploration. Rearrange them in the chronological order.
1. Launch of Mangalyaan
2. Launch of INSAT-1
3. Launch ofAditya-L1
4. ISRO was established
5. Launch of Chandrayaan- 1
6. Launch of Aryabhata.
Answer:
1. ISRO was established — 1969
2. Launch of Aryabhata — 1975
3. Launch of INSAT-1 — 1982
4. Launch of Chandrayaan-1 —2008
5. Launch of Mangalyaan—2013
6. Launch ofAditya-L1 —2023

Question 2.
Match the following

Answer:

Extended Activities

Question 1.
Complete this crossword puzzle.
To the right
1. Nasa’s first mission to send women to the moon.
4. The only rocket launching station in Kerala.
Downwards
1. India’s first space telescope.
2. The name of an Indian satellite.
3. Largest satellite of Saturn.
5. India’s telecommunication satellite.
6. The first artificial satellite.
Upwards
7. The orange-red planet in the solar system.

Answer:

Question 2.
Construction of water rockets
You know that satellites are launched using rockets, don’t you? Shall we make a model?
Materials Required
PVC pipe: Half an inch, Elbow pipe: Two, Stopper: One, Cycle valve: One,
Water bottle (preferably one with a narrow neck)
Method of Construction
Prepare the launching pad with a half-inch PVC pipe, as seen in the picture. Put a small hole in the middle of the central pipe and fix the cycle valve without air gap. (Attach the tail and wings to the bottle to form a rocket shape, which will help it to rise higher). Fill quarter part of the bottle with water and fix it upright at the open end of the launch pad pipe.

Sky Near at Hand Notes Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Why did Grandpa say so? Is it correct to say so? What is your opinion? Discuss.
Answer:
Grandpa said so because we can see the stars twinkling in the sky moonlight, different shapes in clouds and watch beautiful sunsets. Many phenomena occurring in the sky are related to different myths and stories are made about the sun, moon, and stars based on different cultures.
Yes, what grandpa said is correct.
The sky is big and full of wonder which makes us think of all kinds of exciting stories.

Question 2.
Can you imagine any shape in the dots given in the picture?

Answer:
Yes. One can imagine different shapes according to their imagination.

Question 3.
Connect the dots and draw the shape you see. Did everyone get the same shape?
Answer:
The shapes obtained differ according to the ways in which dots are connected based on different children.
We can imagine different shapes connecting the nearby stars which are seen in the sky. Many stories, about the stars evolved in this manner. Ancient people imagined certain shapes connecting the neighbouring stars. They gave the names of mythological characters that existed in the respective regions to identify the stars.

Position of stars
The people observed and understood the relationship between the position of stars and the climate.
The farmers identified the relation of drought, rain and the recurring overflow of rivers with the position of stars. They used this information for farming. Moreover the position of the stars helped the travellers to identify directions.

Question 4.
Where does the sky begin?
Answer:
The sky starts at the surface of the Earth. For a person the blue sky begins where one’s eye ends.

Question 5.
What all do we see in the sky when we look at ¡t from the Earth?
Answer:
We can see the birds and aircraft flying. clouds floating, the sun, moonlight and the stars. It is in the Earth’s atmosphere; all the trees exist, the birds and the aircraft fly, and the clouds float. The Moon, the Sun and the stars are in the space.
The space is the hard vacuum without air, outside the Earth’s atmosphere.

Question 6.
When viewed from the Earth, we feel that all the celestial bodies are on the same plane. Is it really like that?

Answer:
It is not really like that. We feel that all the celestial bodies are on the same plane because the celestial bodies are spread out in space at very different distances.

Question 7.
Discuss the relation of drought, rain and the recurring overflow of rivers with the position of stars.
Answer:
Stars help in understanding when the seasons are changing, which affects the weather. People can notice certain stars appearing during each season. Thus, stars and their position helped people to predict drought, rains and the recurring overflow of rivers.

Question 8.
Collect information about more constellations like this and draw them in the Science Diary.
Answer:
Cassiopeia
It is another prominent constellation in the northern sky. It is visible during winter in the early part of the night. It looks like a distorted letter W or M.

Leo is best seen in the Northern Hemisphere in the spring, particularly in April. It is visible from both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Leo means Leon, and this constellation resembles the shape of a lion.

Look at the picture of the star-watching camp organised in a school.

If the sky is cloudy or there is too much light around, star watching will be difficult.

Question 9.
What preparations do we need for star watching?
Answer:

• Choose a proper space where the sky is visible clearly.
• Avoid the days on which the sky is cloudy.
• Days closer to the new moon day are to be chosen.
• Binoculars or telescopes can be used.
• The safety of children is to be ensured.
• Regions with intense light and brightness are not to be chosen.
• Laser torches can be used with utmost care.
• January, February month are most appropriate.

Question 10.
What problems can be faced by the people who reach the space station for experiments?
Answer:

• No air
• Weight is not felt (Floating around in space)
• No water
• Trouble in breathing
• No medium for communication
• Health issues
• Dangerous radiations in space

Question 11.
What special arrangements are needed to overcome such problems?
Answer:

• To protect themselves from harsh conditions, astronauts wear space suits.
• Special devices are used for communication.
• Food and water management devices.
• Emergency equipments.

Explorations related to outer space are progressing at a greater pace nowadays. It is the sky watching that inspired all these explorations and experiments.

Question 12.
The Moon is the biggest and the brightest body in the sky at night, isn’t it? What could be the reason?
Answer:
Yes
The moon is very much closer to Earth than the stars, so we feel that the moon is the biggest and the brightest body in the sky at night. The Moon is the closest celestial body to the Earth.

Question 13.
Is the Moon bigger than the stars?
Answer:
No

Question 14.
Can the Moon shine on its own?
Answer:
No
The Moon revolves around the Earth. Satellites are the celestial bodies which revolve around the planets. The Moon is a satellite of the Earth. The light of the sun that falls on the Moon gets reflected.
The reflected light makes the moon glow, and we see it as the light of the Moon.

Question 15.
What are some other features of the Moon? Write them in your Science Diary.
Answer:

• Spherical shape
• Non-luminous body
• Natural satellite of earth
• Revolves around the earth
• Rotates on its own axis

Question 16.
What all luminous objects are there in the sky?
Answer:

• Sun
• Stars

The Sun is the closest star to Earth. Like the Sun, there are billions of stars in the universe. Many stars have planets and their satellites.

Question 17.
How to differentiate the stars and other celestial bodies?
Answer:
Stars are self-luminous celestial bodies. But planets and satellites are not self-luminous. The light that falls on these bodies gets reflected, and it makes them glow. We perceive them as luminous because of the reflection of light. While observing the sky, we see the stars twinkling where as the planets shine without twinkling.

Question 18.
How many planets are there in the solar system?
Answer:
8

Question 19.
Write down the names of planets in the solar system.
Answer:
Mercury, Venus, Earth. Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

Question 20.
Between the orbits of which planets do the Earth’s orbit lie?
Answer:
Earth’s orbit lies in between the orbits of Venus and Mars.

Question 21.
Make a model of the Sun, the Earth and the Moon as seen in the picture. Demonstrate their movement with the model you have made.

Answer:
The Earth revolves around the sun. The moon revolves around the Earth.

Question 22.
When was it possible to reach the target easily?
Answer:
When the person was following the instructions.

Question 23.
While travelling through an unknown and unfamiliar route, what is the method adopted by the driver of a vehicle to reach the destination easily?

Answer:
The driver should follow the instructions in the google map.

Question 24.
Do you know how we get such services?
Answer:
We get such services with the help of GPS facility provided by artificial satellites.
Imagine an object orbiting the Earth. We can take pictures of the Earth with a camera atta object.

Look at the picture taken that way.

Many mechanical devices, including cameras and various instruments, created by humans have been sent to space. They constantly revolve around the Earth. These human-made devices are called artificial satellites. Such artificial satellites provide services like GPS (Global Positioning System). They enable us to view satellite images of your house, school and other places using mobile phones or computers.

Question 25.
What are some other services that artificial satellites provide? Observe the picture and write them down.

Answer:

• Telecommunication
• Weather forecast
• Navigation
• Scientific explorations
• Remote sensing
• Defence
• The discovery and mapping of resources

Question 26.
How are artificial satellites launched into space?

Answer:
Artificial satellites are launched into space with the help of rockets.
ISRO-The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is the space agency responsible for planning
and executing the space missions of our country.

Question 27.
Collect the names of space research institutes of other countries and note them in your Science
Diary.
Answer:
NASA – U.s.
ROSCOSMOS – Russia
CNSA – China
JX – Japan
ESA – Europe
You can also make the model of a rocket using paper, as seen in the picture.

Question 28.
Some information about such centers in our country is given. Collect and add more.
Answer:
Thumba Rocket Launching Station (VSSC)

• Located in the Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala.
• India’s first rocket launch station.
• Established on 21st November 1963.
• Known as Thumba Equatorial Launching Station.
• In memory of Vikram Sarabhai, it was named Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre.

Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC)

• Located in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.
• Started operations in October 1971.
• There are two launch pads.
• At present, india’s satellite launch is taking place here.
• In memory of Satish Dhawan, in 2002, it was named Satish Dhawan Space Centre.

Vikram Sarabhai

Vikram Sarabhai is known as the father of the Indian space programme. He played a crucial role in developing India’s indigenous space technologies. Recognising his contributions, the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) in Thiruvananthapuram and the lunar lander (Vikram) of the Chandrayaan mission are named after him.

Satish Dhawan

Satish Dhawan was the chairman of ISRO. He took the leadership role in developing India’s unique space technologies. Satish Dhawan Space Centre, located in Sriharikota, is named so in memory of him.

Question 29.
Gather more information about such projects and prepare ‘The Indian Space Booklet’.
Answer:
Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM)
it was launched by India on November 5, 2013.
This is the first interplanetary mission to Mars.
On September 24, 2014, Mangalyaan entered the orbit of Mars.
India is the fifth country involved in the mission to Mars.
It was launched to study the water resources on Mars, its atmosphere and the presence of nuclear radiation.

Gaganyaan
Gaganyaan is India’s mission to send humans into space.
The plan was to send Unmanned missions to space in 2020 and 2021 and then to send manned missions by the end of 2021.
Technology demonstration and training for astronauts are being provided now.
Passengers will be sent to space on the LVM3 rocket.
Passengers will stay in space for seven days or longer.
India will be the fourth country to send humans to space.

Adithya L1
India’s first space-based observatory class mission
Its aim is to study the solar atmosphere.
Adithya was launched on September 2, 2023.
Understanding the composition and dynamics of the solar atmosphere, the distribution of solar wind and temperature fluctuations, and learning about space weather and heating in the corona are the goals of Adithya L1.

Basic Science Class 5 Chapter 5 Sky Near at Hand Question Answer Notes

Question 1.
How was the relationship between the position of stars and the climate useful to people?
Answer:
The farmers identified the relation of drought, rain and the recurring overflow of rivers with the position of stars. They used this information for farming. Moreover, the position of the stars helped the travellers to identify directions.

Question 2.
a) Identify the constellation shown below.

b) Why is the constellation named so?
c) What do you mean by constellation?
Answer:
a) The Hunter (Orion)
b) When the stars are connected, we can imagine the shape of a hunter and hence given the name Hunter. The Greeks gave the name Orion to this constellation, which is the name of a hunter in their mythology.
c) Star clusters are known as constellations.

Question 3.

Some Statements related to the constellation shown above is given. State true or false and correct the wrong ones.
i) This is a constellation on the southern horizon.
ii) It is clearly visible during the month of April without the aid of a telescope.
iii) The name ‘Saptharshis’ was given by Indians because seven stars could be seen very
clearly in this constellation.
iv) In European countries, it is known as ‘Orion’ as it has the shape of a big spoon.
Answer:
i) False
Corrected statement – This is a constellation on the southern horizon.
ii) True
iii) True
iv) False
Corrected statement-In European countries, it is known as ‘The Big Dipper’ as it has the shape of a big spoon.

Question 4.
Sunita Williams is an American astronaut. She is known for her achievements in space exploration and for conducting important scientific experiments during her time in space.
a) Space station A ……. is a laboratory set up in the space.
b) Write any 4 problems faced by the people who reach the space station for experiments.
c) Write any 4 special arrangements needed to overcome such problems.
Answer:
a) Space station
b)

• No air
• Weight is not felt (Floating around in space)
• No water
• Trouble in breathing
• No medium for communication

c)

• To protect themselves from harsh conditions, astronauts wear space suits.
• Special devices are used for communication.
• Food and water management devices.
• Emergency equipment.

Question 5.
Match the following

Orion	Indian Astronomer
Alpha Centauri	Shape of a big spoon
Saptarshis	Large enough to accommodate 16 lakh earths
Aryabhata	Shape of a hunter
Galileo

Answer:

Orion	Shape of a hunter
Alpha Centauri	Large enough to accommodate 16 lakh earths
Saptarshis	Shape of a big spoon
Aryabhata	Indian Astronomer

Question 6.
a) What do you mean by satellites
b) Which is the natural satellite of earth?
c) What are the features of the moon?
Answer:
a) Satellites are the celestial bodies which revolve around the planets.
b) The Moon is the natural satellite of the Earth.
e) Spherical shape, Non-luminous body, Revolves around the earth. Rotates on its own axis

Question 7.
Classify the following as luminous and non-luminous bodies.
(Sun, Stars, Moon, Saturn)
Answer:

Luminous bodies	Non luminous bodies
Sun	Moon
Stars	Saturn

Question 8.
Appu and Ammu were observing the night sky from their terrace. Appu was confused about how to differentiate the stars and planets that saw.
a) Help Appu to clear his confusion.
b) What preparations are to be made for sky-watching?
Answer:
a) Stars are self-luminous celestial bodies. But planets and satellites are not self-luminous. The light that falls on these bodies gets reflected and it makes them glow. We perceive them as luminous because of the reflection of light. While observing the sky, we see the stars twinkling luminous because of the reflection of light. While observing the sky, we see the stars twinkling.

b)

• Choose a proper space where the sky is visible clearly.
• Days closer to the new moon day are to be chosen.
• Regions with intense light and brightness are not to be chosen

Question 9.
a) What does the figure below represent?

b) What is an orbit?
c) Describe the movement of the Earth and moon in the solar system.
Answer:
a) Figure represents the Solar system.
b) The path of the celestial bodies is called the orbit.
c) The earth revolves around the sun. The moon revolves around the earth.

Question 10.
Ben and Ken are on their summer vacation trip to Wayanad. They are interested to visit many picnic spots. But the route is unfamiliar to them.
a) What method should be adopted by the driver of the vehicle to reach the destination
easily?
b) H0w do artificial satellites play an important role in providing such services? Explain.
Answer:
a) Use the instructions in the google map.
b) Many mechanical devices, including cameras and various instruments, created by humans have
been sent to space. They constantly revolve around the Earth. These human-made devices are
called artificial satellites. Such artificial satellites provide services like GPS (Global Positioning System). They enable us to view the satellite images of your house, school and other places using mobile phones or computers.

Question 11.
a) What are artificial satellites?
b) What are some services they provide?
c) Write the name of any two Indian artificial satellites?
Answer:
a) Many mechanical devices, including cameras and various instruments, created by humans have been sent to space. They constantly revolve around the Earth. These human-made devices are called artificial satellites.
b) Telecommunication. Weather forecast, Navigation. Remote sensing, Defence.
c) INSAT, EDUSAT

Question 12.
Match the following

Artificial satellites	Primary purposes
INSAT	Education
EDUSAT	Defence
IRNSS	Satellite communication
CARTOSAT	Astronomy and astrophysics research
ASTROSAT	Geographical observation
GSAT-7,EMISAT	Navigation

Answer:

Artificial satellites	Primary purposes
INSAT	Satellite communication
EDUSAT	Education
IRNSS	Navigation
CARTOSAT	Geographical observation
ASTROSAT	Astronomy and astrophysics research
GSAT-7,EMISAT	Defence

Question 13.

a) What does the figure represent?
b) What are they used for?
c) Write the name of any one rocket launching Station in India.
Answer:
a) Figure represents a rocket.
b) Artificial satellites are launched into space with the help of rockets.
c) Thumba rocket launching station, Satish Dhawan Space Centre.

Question 14.
State true or false and correct the wrong statements, if any.
(i) Sputnik 1 is a natural satellite.
(ii) Astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin (Buzz) Aldrin first landed on the Moon.
(iii) The moon is bigger than the stars.
(iv) Planets twinkle
(v) Gaganyaan is India’s mission to study about Mars.
(i) False
Corrected statement: Sputnik 1 is the first artificial satellite
(ii) True
(iii) False
Corrected statement: The Moon is not bigger than the stars
(iv) False
Corrected statement: Planets do not twinkle
(v) False
Corrected statement: Gaganyaan is India’s mission to send humans into space.

Question 15.
Match the following

ISRO	Fifth planet in the solar system
SDSC	US space agency
Jupiter	Indian space agency
NASA	Rocket launching station

Answer:

ISRO	Indian space agency
SDSC	Rocket launching station
NASA	US space agency
Jupiter	Fifth planet in the solar system

Sky Near at Hand Class 6 Notes

The wonders of the vast sky and outer space have always made us wonder struck. The sky gifts us with different and beautiful views of the sun, moon, stars and other celestial bodies. During the day, we see the Sun, which gives us light and warmth. The twinkling stars and the moonlight are a real attraction in the night sky. This chapter helps students think about the vast universe beyond Earth and inspires curiosity about the stars, the Moon, and the planets. This chapter deals with topics like the sky and constellations, space stations, the moon, the solar system and artificial satellites and rockets.

Sky and constellations

• Star clusters are known as constellations.
• The space is the hard vacuum without air, outside the Earth’s atmosphere.

Space station

• A space station is a laboratory set up in the space

The moon

• Satellites are the celestial bodies which revolve around the planets.
• The Moon is a satellite of the Earth.

The solar system

• The solar system consists of the Sun, the planets around the Sun, satellites and many other celestial bodies.

Artificial satellites and rockets

• Many mechanical devices, including cameras and various instruments, created by humans have been sent to space. They constantly revolve around the Earth. These human-made devices are called artificial satellites.
• Rockets are the vehicles used to launch satellites and space crafts into space.
• Star clusters are known as constellations. Examples: Orion, Saptarshis.
• Orion is a constellation visible on the eastern horizon at dusk in December.
• Saptarshis is a constellation on the northern horizon clearly visible during the month of April without the aid of a telescope.
• The space is a hard vacuum without air outside the Earth’s atmosphere. The Moon, the Sun and the stars are in the space.
• A space station is a laboratory set up in the space.
• Satellites are the celestial bodies which revolve around the planets. The Moon is the natural satellite of the Earth.
• The Sun is the closest star to Earth.
• Stars are self-luminous celestial bodies. But planets and satellites are not self-luminous.
• The solar system consists of the Sun, the planets around the Sun, satellites and many other celestial bodies.
• Many mechanical devices, including cameras and various instruments, created by humans have been sent to the space. They constantly revolve around the Earth. These human-made devices are called artificial satellites.
• Rockets are the vehicles used to launch satellites and space crafts into space.

• The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is the space agency responsible for planning and executing the space missions of our country.
• Our nation conducts lunar exploration missions in the name Chandrayaan.