Diverse Organisms Notes Questions and Answers Class 5 Basic Science Chapter 8 Kerala Syllabus

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Diverse Organisms Class 5 Questions and Answers Notes

Class 5 Basic Science Chapter 8 Question Answer Notes Pdf Diverse Organisms

Basic Science Class 5 Chapter 8 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus

Let Us Assess

Question 1.
Which all creatures that have the following characteristics are found around you?

Answer:

Question 2.
You have studied the characteristics of fishes, amphibians and reptiles. Compare these creatures based on the following characteristics.

Answer:

Creature	Characteristics
	Skin	Breathing	Habitat	Eggs and offspring
Fish	Smooth, slimy skin covered with scales	Gills	Oceans, rivers, lakes, and ponds	Lay eggs in water and the young ones develop outside the parent’s body.
Amphibian	Soft, moist skin without scales	Both skin and lungs	Both water and land	Lay eggs in water, and the offspring transform into adults through metamorphosis.
Reptile	Dry, scaly skin	Lungs	On land	Lay hard-shelled eggs. Some give birth.

Question 3.
Complete the crossword puzzle.
To the right
1. A Butterfly found in our area.
5. A nocturnal bird.
6. A freshwater mammal.
Downward
2. An amphibian that looks like an earthworm or a snake.
3. The category of creatures to which lizards, snakes and tortoises belong.
4. The larva of an insect.

Answer:

Extended Activities

Question 1.
Some birds come to our area from distant lands. Collect and record the following information about these types of birds.
Answer:

Name of the bird	The months they are found in Kerala	A place where they come from	Reason for the migration
Siberian crane	June-August	Western Siberia	Bad climate
Garganey	July	Europe and Western Asia	Winter
Spotted redshank	October to September	Northern Scandinavia and Northern Asia	Harsh winters
Teal	November to February	Himalayas	Winter
Greater flamingos	November	Afghanistan, Israel, and Pakistan	Food scarcity and harsh climate.

Question 2.
Prepare a digital presentation for a seminar on ‘Butterfly diversity in my area’, including details and pictures.
Answer:
Hints:

• Find a few common butterflies in your area. Take clear photos or find images online.
• Briefly cover the butterfly life cycle.
• Mention simple ways to protect butterflies.

Diverse Organisms Notes Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Observe the picture and record the findings.

Answer:
In the picture, we see various worms and insects, including a butterfly, housefly, honey bee, and beetle, showing their different stages of life.

Question 2.
Find out and write down more examples of creatures that hatch into worms.
Answer:
Moth, mosquito, wasp, silk moth, dragonfly etc.

Question 3.
Observe the picture.

Does the antlion hatched from the egg look like its parent creature? What are the further changes that happen to the antlion?
Answer:
The antlion that hatches from the egg does not look like its parent. It starts as a larva that looks like a small worm. Later, it becomes a pupa and then changes into an adult antlion with wings. The larva formed from the egg goes through different stages of growth and becomes a creature resembling the parent. This change is called metamorphosis.

Antlion (doodlebug) is the larva of a kind of winged insect called antlion lacewing. They are called antlions because they capture ants. Its larva makes a cocoon using sand grains and thin silk fibres secreted by itself and becomes a pupa. This pupa undergoes changes to become an insect.

Question 4.
What other creatures do you know that go through such stages of growth?
Answer:
Cockroaches, frogs, beetles, dragonflies, ladybugs, and crickets.

Question 5.
Observe the life cycle of the cockroach.

Does the offspring of a cockroach look like a cockroach itself? What are the differences?
Answer:
Yes, the offspring of a cockroach. called nymphs, look similar to adult cockroaches, but they are smaller and lack fully developed wings. Nymph goes through different stages of growth and becomes a fully grown cockroach. During these stages, the nymph sheds its outer shell many times. The worms hatched from the eggs of the insects eat leaves and other plant parts.

Thus, many such worms adversely affect farming. Farmers adopt many measures to keep such worms and pests away. Growing Marigolds between the crops helps in reducing pests. The chemicals produced by the Marigold keep certain kinds of pests away.

Question 6.
Similarly, what are the other methods you know? Discuss.
Answer:
Using natural predators like ladybugs, spraying organic pesticides, and practising crop rotation.
Farmers also use traps, cover crops, and neem oil to protect their plants from pests.

Question 7.
Find out and write examples of pests that harm the crops.
Answer:
Yellow stem borer larva, Locusts, Caterpillars, Aphids, Weevils, Stem Borers, etc.

Question 8.
We often keep some spices, along with grains, when they are stored. Why?
Answer:
They help repel insects and pests. Spices like dried neem leaves, turmeric, and cloves release natural chemicals that keep pests away and protect the grains from damage. The chemicals produced by the plants to protect themselves from pests make them aromatic spices. Examples are cardamom, pepper, clove, cinnamon, etc.

Worms don’t cause only harm, they are also helpful in many ways.

• They keep the surroundings clean by eating dead creatures and food waste.
• The insects that grow from them pollinate many flowers.
• Many creatures feed on them.

Question 9.
Prepare a short note focussing on the importance of insects for the balance of the ecosystem.
Answer:
Insects play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. They help in pollination, allowing plants to produce fruits and seeds. Many insects also control pest populations by eating harmful bugs. Without insects, many plants wouldn’t grow well, and the food chain would be disrupted, affecting both animals and humans.

Question 10.
How many names of butterflies found in our area are known to you? Observe the pictures and identify the butterflies.

Answer:
Common Jezebel (Vilasini), Common Grass Yellow (manjapaappathi), Malabar Banded Peacock (Buddharnavoori), Southern Birdwing (Garuda Salabham), Striped Tiger (Varavan Kaduva), Common Evening Brown (Karlyila Salabham).

Question 11.
Collect more pictures of butterflies and make an album. Write down their characteristics.
Answer:

• Butterflies have bright, colourful wings with beautiful patterns.
• They have long antennae with tips that help them sense their surroundings.
• Butterflies suck nectar from flowers.
• They lay eggs on some plants and the part of these plants are the food of butterfly larvae.

Question 12.
Look at the names of some of the butterflies found in our area.
Naraka Saiabham (Lime butterfly), Arali Saiabham (Common crow), Velilla Thothi (The Commander), Erukku Thappi (Plain Tiger). Why are these butterflies named so? Discuss. Find more examples and write in your Science Diary.
Answer:
These butterflies are named based on their appearance or the plants they are commonly found near.
For example, A rail Salabham is commonly seen near arali (milkweed) plants.
Some more examples are iruthalachi (Monkey Puzzle), Ola Kandan (Common Palmfly), Krishna Salabham (Blue Mormon), Naattu Rose (Common Rose), Neela Kaduva (Blue Tiger), etc. Both host plants and nectar plants are necessary for the survival of butterflies. Butterflies get nectar from nectar plants, while their larvae feed on host plants. A butterfly garden is a garden with both these kinds of plants.

Question 13.
During which time do we see butterflies? Do we see them at night? What are their features?
Answer:
We see butterflies during the day, but moths are active at night. Some of the features of moths are

• Unlike butterflies, most of them are not colourful.
• Some moths have feather-like antennae.
• Silk is produced from the cocoon made by the larva of a kind of month.

Blue Tiger Moth (Venkana Neeli)
The blue tiger moth is a kind of blue-coloured moth found during the daytime. They are mistaken for butterflies because of their blue colour. They are called Venkana Neeli because they lay eggs on the Carallia tree (Venkana tree).

Question 14.
Write the names of the creatures given in the picture in your Science Diary.
Answer:

Question 15.
Ants are small creatures mostly found everywhere in our surroundings. Are all ants of the same kind? How many types of ants do you know? Write down their names.
Answer:
Ants are small creatures found almost everywhere, but they are not all the same.
Examples are: Yellow crazy ant (Chonan Urumb), Sour ant (Puli urumb), and Black ant (Katrurumbu)

Question 16.
Have you seen winged ants? When do the wings grow?
Answer:

• Yes, winged ants can be seen at times. Their wings develop when they are ready to mate.
• Male and female ants that perform the reproductive function come out of their colonies with wings.
• They mate with male and female ants from another colony and form new colonies.

Question 17.
Shall we observe ants in our surroundings? What can be observed? Prepare a booklet with your findings.

Answer:

Colour	Different colours, such as black, red, brown, or even yellow.
Size	Ants vary in size, ranging from tiny ones to larger ones.
Habitat	Found in many places, including gardens, forests, under rocks, in soil, and inside buildings.
Food	Eat a variety of foods, such as nectar, seeds, fruits, and even other insects.
Way of collecting food	Often work together to collect food. They leave a scent trail for others to follow, leading them to food sources.
Movement	Ants move by walking on their six legs, and some species can also climb and even swim.

Question 18.
How many other small creatures do you know that live as a community?
Answer:
Termites, bees, wasps, bats, fireflies, etc.

Question 19.
Observe the body parts such as antennae, legs, wings and eyes of the insects. What are the characteristics of these body parts? Do other insects also have these characteristics? Present your findings as a seminar.
Answer:
Insects have unique body parts that help them survive.

• Antennae: Long, segmented, used for sensing smells and textures. Present in different shapes, like feathery in moths and straight in cockroaches.
• Legs: Six legs, varying in size and shape for different functions (e.g., jumping or digging).
• Wings: Thin and flexible, enabling flight. Some insects have two pairs; others are flightless. Ants and termites have both winged and wingless forms.
• Eyes: Compound eyes are made of many lenses for a wide field of vision.

Question 20.
What are the adaptations of fish for aquatic life?
Answer:

• Fish have a smooth shape that helps them swim easily through water.
• They use gills to breathe oxygen from the water.
• Fins help fish steer and balance while swimming.
• Fish have scales that protect their bodies.
• Offsprings of fish are hatched from eggs. Fishes typically lay their eggs during June and July.

Question 21.
Why is there a ban on trolling on the Keralam coast in June and July? Discuss with your friends and present the conclusions in the class.
Answer:

• Many fish lay their eggs now, and the ban helps protect them.
• Catching fish during this period will reduce the stock of fish.
• Heavy rains and rough seas make fishing unsafe during these months.

The migration of the fishes in large numbers to water bodies such as small lakes and backwaters for breeding during the monsoon in the month of June is known as the floodplain breeding run.

Question 22.
Some fishes hatch their eggs inside their body. Find out and write examples for such fishes.
Answer:
Shark, guppies, platies, sword tails, etc.

Question 23.
The fishes in the picture are familiar to you, aren’t they? Compare their habitats and prepare a note.

Answer:

Feature	Mushi	Sardine
Habitat	Coastal waters and estuaries.	Open ocean waters
Salinity	Can live in both freshwater and saltwater	Primarily found in saltwater

Question 24.
What are the adaptations that the tadpoles have for living in water? How do they breathe?
Discuss and record your findings in your Science Diary.
Answer:
a) Streamlined Body: Tadpoles have smooth bodies that help them swim easily.
b) Tail: They have long tails that allow them to move and steer in the water.
c) Gills: Tadpoles breathe using gills, which take in oxygen from the water.
d) Fins: They have small fins to help them balance and swim.

Question 25.
Look at the pictures of some of the creatures found in our area. Try to identify them.

Answer:
Snake, lizard, salamander, tortoise, komodo dragon, chameleon, and crocodile.

Question 26.
What are the common characteristics of these creatures?
Answer:

• Produce offspring from eggs.
• Their bodies are covered in tough, protective scales.
• Reptiles have a backbone.

Question 27.
Do you know the names of snakes found in your area? Write their names.
Answer:
Viper, Cobra, Rat snake, Common krait, etc.

Question 28.
Are all the snakes venomous? Which are the non-venomous ones?
Answer:
No, not all snakes are venomous. Rat Snake, Python, Green Vine Snake, etc.
Most of the snakes are non-venomous. Only five species of snakes found in Keralam are venomous.

Question 29.
Discuss the ecological importance of snakes and prepare a note.
Answer:
Snakes play an important role in keeping the ecosystem balanced. They help control the populations of pests, such as rats and insects, which can harm crops and spread diseases. Snakes are also a food source for larger animals, making them a vital part of the food chain. By maintaining balance in animal populations, snakes support healthy ecosystems.

Question 30.
Haven’t you learned about the characteristics of birds? How many birds can you identify? Try to list them. Observe any five birds in your neighbourhood and write about them in your Science Diary. What are the things to observe?

Answer:
Some of the birds around us are crow, woodpecker, parrot, eagle, common myna, pigeon, etc.

Mammals are creatures that give birth and feed milk to their offspring
Example: cow, cat, dog, pig, rabbit, elephant etc.
Fishes, amphibians, reptiles birds and mammals have spines.

Answer:

• Have pinna
• Female mammals possess mammary glands that produce milk.
• Presence of a backbone
• Presence of hair or fur on their bodies, which helps in protection.

They are also mammals!

Question 31.
Discuss their characteristics and prepare a note.
Answer:
All four groups have common mammal traits, having hair or fur and having mammary glands to feed their young.

Characteristics	Whale	Dolphin	Bat	Otter
Habitat	Live in oceans and seas	Found in oceans and rivers	Forests, caves, and urban areas	Rivers, lakes, and coastal areas
Body Structure	Streamlined bodies	Smooth bodies with a fin on their back	Unique wing structure	Streamlined bodies with webbed feet and dense fur
Breathing	Have blowholes	Blowholes	Lungs	Lungs

Question 32.
Some mammals are domestic animals. For what purposes do we keep them?
Answer:

• For meat
• For milk. For eggs
• To guard our homes
• For farming and transportation

Question 33.
Even though domestic animals are helpful to us, sometimes humans get diseases from them. Find out and list such diseases.
Answer:
Rabies, Flu, Ringworm.

Question 34.
What precautions should we take while interacting with domestic animals?

Answer:

Question 35.
What are the human activities that destroy the living conditions of creatures? Are these activities happening around you? Discuss.
Answer:
Some human activities that destroy living conditions for creatures:

• Deforestation: Cutting down trees removes animal habitats.
• Pollution: Waste in water harms fish and wildlife.
• Urbanisation: Building cities take away natural homes.
• Overfishing: Catching too many fish reduces their populations.
• Agriculture: Chemicals can harm nearby plants and animals.
• These activities are often happening around us and threaten local wildlife.

Question 36.
Restoration of habitats is our responsibility. What could be done for this? Present your suggestions.
Answer:

• Plant Trees, Clean-Up Pollution, Protect natural areas for animals, Reduce Plastic Use.
• Endangered creatures are species at risk of extinction. Some of the endangered creatures of Kerala are Tiger Spiders, Fungoid Frogs, Indian Pangolin, Indian Bison, Nilgiri Tahr, Lion-Tailed Macaque, etc.

Question 37.
Look at the creatures in the picture.

There are many misconceptions about these creatures. What problems do such misconceptions create?
Answer:
Financial exploitation, Extinction of creatures, Fear and Mistrust and Loss of Biodiversity.

Question 38.
Organise a seminar on this topic in the class.
Answer:
Superstitions are beliefs about animals that come from fear or misunderstanding. For instance, some people think barn owls are bad luck, so they hurt them even though they help control pests. Snakes are often feared because of stories about them bringing bad luck, leading to unnecessary killings. Indian star tortoises are believed to bring good luck, which can cause people to capture them illegally. Teaching others about these animals can help reduce fear and protect them.

Basic Science Class 5 Chapter 8 Diverse Organisms Question Answer Notes

Question 1.
Ant. Grasshopper. Butterflies, Beetle, housefly, Mosquito. Honey bees. What is the common factor in these?
Answer:
They are egg-laying insects.

Question 2.
Parrot. Peacock, Ant, Tortoise, housefly, Mosquito. Platypus, and elephant In these which of those that lay eggs?
Answer:
Parrot. Peacock. Ant. Tortoise, Housefly, Mosquito and Platypus.

Question 3.
What is Metamorphosis?
Answer:
Metamorphosis is the process by which young ones in the larva stage develop into organisms similar to their parents through different stages of growth.

Question 4.
In the given belows, find Reptiles and Amphibians.
Crocodile. Frog. Caecilian. Tortoise, Snake. Lizard, Chameleon.
Answer:
Reptiles – Crocodile, Snake, Lizard, Chameleon. Tortoise.
Amphibians – Frog. Caecilian.

Question 5.
Describe the metamorphosis of a frog for Raju.
Answer:
The eggs of a frog are floating on the top of the water. The young ones that hatch out of frog’s eggs are called Tadpoles. It does not look like the parent frog. Tadpoles are herbivores that feed on algae and small plants. During their growth. they feed on small insects, and aller that, they become carnivores.

Question 6.
………… (a)………… → ………… (b) ……….. → + ………….. (c) ……….. → Butterfly.
Answer:
(a) Egg
(b) Larva
(c) Pupa.

Question 7.
The young ones hatching out of eggs are not similar to their parent. This description is suitable for which of the following creatures?
a) Dragon Fly
b) Sparrow
c) Snake
d) Lizard
Answer:
a) Dragon Fly

Question 8.
I am afraid forms. But I like butterflies very much. What is your response to Raju’s statement?
Answer:
The young one hatching out from the egg of a butterfly resembles a little worm. In the metamorphosis of butterflythe adult butterfly is formed after the larva and pupa stages.

Question 9.
Name a non-poisonous snake.
Answer:
Rat snake.

Question 10.
Give an example of an amphibian.
Answer:
Frog

Question 11.
The adaptation of birds that helps them to fly?
Answer:
Shape of the body, light body, and strong muscles to move the large wings.

Question 12.
Which organ of the fish absorbs oxygen from water?
Answer:
Gills.

Question 13.
Activity
Observe the illustration showing the stages of the metamorphos of a butterfly.

a) Name the young one hatching out from the egg of a butterfly.
b) Explain the stages of metamorphosis of a butterfly.
c) Name any two organisms of which the young ones do not resemble their parents.
Answer:
a) Larva.
b) The young one hatching out from the egg of a butterfly resembles a little won. In the metamorphosis of a butterfly, the adult butterfly is formed after the larva and pupa stages.
c) Frog, Mosquito.

Question 14.
Snakes are useful to us. How?
Answer:
Snakes destroy rats and other creatures, which are harmful to crops.

Question 15.
Observe the different insects shown in the pictures.

a) Write two characteristics of insects.
b) Name two insects that you see around plants or flowers.
Answer:
a)

• Insects have six legs attached to their bodies.
• They have antennae on their heads.

b) Honey bees, Butterflies.

Question 16.
Think about animals and their homes.
a) What type of place do snakes like to live in?
b) Name two animals that live in groups and help each other.
Answer:
a) Cool. hidden places like holes or under rocks.
b) Ants and bees.

Question 17.
Label the body parts of a bird.

Answer:
a. eye
b. beak.
c. feather
d. tail

Question 18.
Name two mammals that live in water.
Answer:
Dolphin, whale.

Question 19.
Name a flying mammal.
Answer:
Bat

Question 20.
______ are creatures that give birth to young ones and feed milk.
Answer:
Mammals.

Question 21.
What are the peculiarities of mammals? Give some examples.
Answer:
Give birth to young ones and feed them milk, hair on the body,and presence of pinna.
Examples – Elephant, Rhinoceros, Dolphin, Deer, Monkey, Rabbit, Squirrel,etc.

Question 22.
“All mammals have the presence of Pinna. But Blue Whale is not having it. Is it true or false?
Answer:
True.

Question 23.
While classifying animals, Satheesh placed the cow, cat, elephant, bat and whale in one group.
What could be the peculiarity on which this grouping is based?
a) All are reptiles
b) Have four legs
e) Give birth to young ones
d) Have no external ear
Answer:
c) Give birth to young ones.

Question 24.
Find the odd one.
a) Fly, cockroach, Hen, Ant, Butterfly
b) Cow, sheep, Lion, Bat, Rabbit
Answer:
a) Hen – All the others are insects.
b) Bat- It is a flying mammal.

Question 25.
Match the following

Mammal in water	Deer
Saltwater fish	Frog
Amphibian	Moth
Animal with no spine	Dolphin
Have pinna	Sardine

Answer:

Mammal in water	Dolphin
Saltwater fish	Sardine
Amphibian	Frog
Animal with no spine	Moth
Have pinna	Deer

Question 26.
Name two endangered creatures in Kerala.
Answer:
Tiger Spider, Fungoid Frog.

Question 27.
You already know about extinct animals and why they disappeared.
a) Name one animal that is now extinct.
b) What can people do to protect animals still living today?
Answer:
a) Dinosaur.
b) People can protect animals by conserving their habitats and preventing pollution.

Question 28.
Match the following

Answer:

Question 29.
Why do mammals have lungs?
Answer:
Mammals have lungs to help them breathe.

Question 30.
How can we protect endangered mammals and their habitats?
Answer:
Protect their homes, avoid harmful activities, and support conservation.

Question 31.
Observe the picture of the animal given below.

a) Which group of animals does this belong to?
b) Write one characteristic of this animal.
c) Does it have a backbone?
Answer:
a) Mammals
b) Have fur on its body.
c) Yes, kangaroos have a spine.

Diverse Organisms Class 6 Notes

The world around us is filled with a wide variety of living creatures, both big and small. This chapter discusses some amazing changes that animals can go through, like metamorphosis. It also talks about colourful insects, small animals, and some interesting things about mammals and animals that don’t exist any more.

Metamorphosis
The larva formed from the egg of an organism goes through different stages of growth and becomes a creature resembling the parent. This change is called metamorphosis.

Insects
Moths, butterflies, ants. etc., belong to the family of insects. The majority of moths lack colour, in contrast to butterflies. The body parts of insects include antennae, legs, wings, and eyes.

Amphibians
Amphibians are animals that can live on both land and water. E.g., Frogs.

Mammals
Mammals are creatures that give birth and feed milk to their offspring.

Extinct Creatures
Extremes, droughts. earthquakes, disease outbreaks, volcanic eruptions, and habitat destruction are some of the causes of species extinction.

• The larva formed from the egg goes through different stages of growth and becomes a creature resembling the parent. This change is called metamorphosis.
• The young ones hatching out of the eggs of certain organisms do not resemble their parents. They are called larvae. The larva of a cockroach is a nymph, the antlion lacewing is an antlion, and the frog is a tadpole.
• The chemicals produced by the plants to protect themselves from pests make them aromatic spices.
  Eg, cardamom, pepper, clove, etc.
• Butterflies and moths belong to the family of insects. Butterflies are colourful, and they need both nectar plants and host plants for their survival. Moths are not colourful.
• Ants and bees are also insects living as a community.