Better Lifestyle for a Brighter Tomorrow Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 9 Kerala Syllabus

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Class 6 Basic Science Chapter 9 Better Lifestyle for a Brighter Tomorrow Question Answer Notes

Basic Science Class 6 Chapter 9 Question Answer Notes Better Lifestyle for a Brighter Tomorrow

Better Lifestyle for a Brighter Tomorrow Class 6 Questions and Answers Notes

Let’s Assess

Question 1.
Find out the activities that provide exercise to the bods.

Playing chess.	Playing shuttle badminton.
Dancing.	Playing football.
Playing video games.	Playing violin.
Engaging in agricultural activities.	Listening to music.

Answer:
The activities that provide exercise are:

• Playing shuttle badminton.
• Dancing.
• Playing football.
• Engaging in agricultural activities.

Question 2.
Which of the following activities can help obese persons to reduce their weight?
A. Eat less
B. Play shuttle badminton
C. Take adequate rest
D. Reduce the use of salt
Answer:
B. Play shuttle badminton

Question 3.
What are the benefits of exercising?
Answer:

• Improves physical fitness and strength
• Helps maintain a healthy body weight Enhances heart and lung function.
• Reduces stress and improves mood.
• Increases energy levels
• Strengthens bones and muscles

Question 4.
What are the health issues that are faced by persons who sleep late at night?
Answer:

• Fatigue and lack of concentration.
• Headache.
• Irritability and mood changes
• Weak immunity
• Risk of obesity
• Poor academic or work performance

Question 5.
Unhealthy lifestyle leads to diseases. Is it right? Explain.
Answer:
Yes, it is right.
An unhealthy lifestyle, such as a lack of exercise, a poor diet, inadequate sleep, and stress, affects the body’s normal functioning. Over time, this can lead to diseases like obesity, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and mental health problems. Therefore, maintaining healthy habits is important for overall well-being.

Basic Science Class 6 Chapter 9 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus

Question 1.
Almost all children used to walk to school in the past. How would this habit have helped the children in those days? Discuss.
Answer:

• It improved their physical health because they got daily exercise.
• Children became more energetic and active.
• Walking helped them become more disciplined and punctual.
• It also saved money since no transport was required.

Question 2.
Compared to the past, great changes have occurred not only in conveyance but also in many other areas. Have these changes improved our lifestyle? You know that changes in every field are due to progress in science and technology. Some of them are given below.

Elaborate on the list.

• Telephone → Smart phone
• Grinding stone → Mixer grinder
• Desktop → Laptop → Tablet

Answer:

• Kerosene lamp → Electric bulb → LED light
• Traditional stove (firewood) → Gas stove → Induction stove
• Blackboard → Whiteboard → Smartboard
• Postal letters → E-mail → Instant messaging apps
• Bullock cart → Motorbike → Car / Electric vehicle

These changes have improved the quality of life by saving time, reducing effort, increasing comfort, and making communication easier.

Question 3.
Do the improved facilities resulting from the progress in science and technology alter our lifestyle?
Discuss. Do these lifestyle changes cause health issues?
Answer:
Yes. As science and technology advance, our lifestyles change.
We get more comfort, faster work, and easier ways to get food and other things.
But if we misuse these facilities, they can also cause health problems, such as obesity, laziness, and lack of physical activity.

Question 4.
Our food habits also change when the living facilities improve. Such changes are illustrated in the picture above. Observe the picture and discuss the changes.
Answer:

Food Then	Food Now
People ate simple, homemade, fresh food.	Many people eat fast food, packed snacks, and soft drinks.
They used fruits, vegetables, cereals, pulses, and natural ingredients.	These items have more fat, sugar, and oil.
The food had more nutrients and fewer artificial substances.	They contain preservatives, flavours, and colours.
Cooking was done at home, so food was cleaner and healthier.	Although convenient, these foods are less nutritious.

Question 5.
Are these changes healthy? Shouldn’t we plan our food by including diverse food items to get all essential nutrients?
Answer:
No, Fast foods and packaged foods are not healthy. They may cause obesity, diabetes, stomach problems, and weakness. So, we must choose food items that provide all essential nutrients, such as proteins, vitamins, minerals, fats, and carbohydrates.

Question 6.
(a) Ask the elders in your family about the food items included in the diet during their childhood. Are you having the same food now?
Answer:
Elders’ diet mainly includes:

• Rice, vegetables, leafy greens
• Pulses and homemade curries
• Traditional snacks made at home
• Fresh fruits
• Milk and buttermilk
• Less oily and freshly cooked food Compared to them, my diet now is not the same.

(b) Which of the food habits shown in the above pictures has more nutrients? Discuss and write them.
Answer:
The “Food Then” picture shows food with more nutrients because it is fresh, homemade, and natural. The “Food Now” picture shows junk food, which offers taste but little nutrition.

Question 7.
(a) Did you notice the conversation?
Answer:
Yes

(b) Do you agree with what the child said?
Answer:
No, it is not a healthy choice to eat only bread and jam every day. While it may taste good, it does not give the body all the nutrients it needs.

(c) Why do our parents include locally available eggs, milk, fruits, vegetables and leafy vegetables in our diet?
Answer:
These foods are rich in essential nutrients.
Eggs and milk provide protein, calcium, vitamins, and minerals that support growth and strong bones. Vegetables, fruits and leafy vegetables give vitamins, minerals and fibre needed to keep us healthy and protect us from diseases.

Question 8.
What were our food items and food habits in the past?
Answer:
In the past, people ate fresh and natural foods from their own fields and gardens. They had traditional dishes like pazhamkanji, thoran, and homemade snacks. Their meals included rice, vegetables, fruits and leafy greens. Food was cooked at home, and they rarely bought anything from shops. Their diet was simple, healthy and nutritious.
Have a look at Ammu’s grandma’s food habits.

Grandma’s Food Habits.
In the past, Grandma lived in a joint family where everyone cooked and ate together. They enjoyed fresh, homemade foods like kappapuzhukku, chakrapuzhukku and pazhamkanji for breakfast. Lunch was parboiled rice with vegetables, jackfruit, banana stem and delicious fish curry. In the evenings, they had steamed snacks like kozhukkatta or ada. They also ate many fresh fruits such as mangoes, bananas and guavas. Their food was simple, natural and very healthy.

Question 9.
(a) Did you notice what grandma has said. You might have understood the joint family culture and their food habits then?
Answer:
Yes

(b) Do you agree with what the child said?
Answer:
No, it is not a healthy choice to eat only bread and jam every day. While it may taste good, it does not give the body all the nutrients it needs.

(c) Why do our parents include locally available eggs, milk, fruits, vegetables and leafy vegetables in our diet?
Answer:
These tòods are rich in essential nutrients.
Eggs and milk provide protein, calcium, vitamins, and funerals that support growth and strong bones.
Vegetables, fruits and leafy vegetables give vitamins, minerals and fibre needed to keep us healthy and protect us from diseases.

Question 8.
What were our food items and food habits in the past?
Answer:
In the past, people ate fresh and natural foods from their own fields and gardens. They had traditional dishes like pazhamkanji, thoran, and homemade snacks. Their meals included rice, vegetables, fruits and leafy greens.
Food was cooked at home, and they rarely bought anything from shops. Their diet was simple, healthy and nutritious.
Have a look at Ammu’s grandma’s food habits.

Grandma’s Food Habits.
In the past, Grandma lived in a joint family where everyone cooked and ate together. They enjoyed fresh, homemade foods like kappapu:hukku, chakrapu.hukku and pazhamkanji for breakfast. Lunch was parboiled rice with vegetables, jackfruit, banana stem and delicious fish curry. In the evenings, they had steamed snacks like kozhukkatta or ada. They also ate many fresh fruits such as mangoes. bananas and guayas. Their food was simple, natural and very healthy.

Question 9.
Did you notice what grandma has said. You might have understood the joint family culture and their food habits then?
Answer:
Yes

(a) Are you having the same type of food your grandma had in her childhood?
Answer:
No

(b) What changes have taken place in your daily diet? Discuss and prepare a note.
Answer:
Many changes have occurred in my daily diet. Earlier, families ate fresh, natural foods grown at home, such as rice, vegetables, leafy greens, jackfruit, bananas, and homemade snacks. But now, I eat more processed foods such as noodles, chips, chocolates, bakery items and foods bought from shops. Because of this, my diet today is different from the simple and healthy food my grandma ate.

(c) Check whether all these changes in the food habits are good for health?
Answer:
All these changes are not good for health. Traditional foods were fresh, nutritious and made at home. They helped keep people strong and healthy. Modern processed foods often contain more sugar, salt, oil and chemicals. Eating them too often can cause health problems. So, it is better to include more homemade and traditional foods in our diet for good health.

As living conditions improved, food habits changed. These changes are not good for a healthy life. Menu should be balanced to ensure the intake of all nutrients by including diverse food items.

Question 10.
Prepare posters related to the ’International Day of Older Persons’ and display them.
Answer:

Question 11.
Aren’t there many food items that affect our health?
Answer:
Yes,

Question 12.
How will these food items affect our health if they are consumed daily? Discuss and write in the Science Diary.
Answer:
Eating fried foods regularly can raise bad cholesterol, contribute to obesity, and harm the heart.

• Excess sugar, salt, ghee, oil, and fat can lead to diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease.
• Reusing cooking oil produces harmful chemicals that can damage the liver, heart, and digestive system.
• Too many bakery items may increase sugar and unhealthy fat intake, causing obesity and tooth decay.

Question 13.
(a) How can we solve the health issues caused by the eating habits mentioned above? Discuss.
Answer:
Do regular exercise
Avoid fried items
Eat a balanced diet

Observe the picture given below.

(b) Did you notice what the mother had told the child? Do you also eat while watching TV?
Answer:
No

(c) What is the problem with eating while enjoying TV shows? Discuss and write in the Science Diary.
Answer:
Eating carelessly

• We do not chew food properly
• We may eat more than required because we are distracted
• It can lead to indigestion and obesity
• We cannot understand whether we are full or still hungry

Question 14.
Certain food items you love to eat are shown in the picture. Discuss the major nutrients present in these food items.

Answer:
The food items shown include burgers, fries, chips, pizza, sweets, pastries, doughnuts, and fried snacks. These foods mainly contain:

• Fats (from oil, butter, cheese, cream, frying)
• Carbohydrates (from bread, sugar, potatoes, flour)
• Sugar (from sweets, pastries, cold drinks, doughnuts)
• Salt (from chips and processed foods)

They contain very little protein, vitamins, or minerals.

Question 15.
What are the problems with eating only these food items regularly? Discuss and write in the Science Diary.
Answer:
Gets some nutrients in excess.

• Lack of essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, fibre, and proteins.
• May cause obesity and weight gain.
• Increases the risk of diabetes and heart problems.
• Causes tiredness and low immunity.
• Leads to poor digestion and stomach problems.

Question 16.
(a) Does eating more food lead to better health?
Answer:
No

(b) Let’s find out whether these two children have proper growth. How do we find out?

Answer:
One of the methods to check growth is ‘Body Mass Index’ (BMI). It can be used to find out whether a person has a weight proportionate to their height. For this, height and weight should be found out first. Body Mass Index is weight in kilograms divided by (height in metres x height in metres)

(c) The first child has 25 kg weight and 120 cm height. What is his BMI?
Answer:
BMI = \(\frac{\text { Weight }(\mathrm{kg})}{\text { Height (metre) } \text { × } \text { Height (metre) }}\)
BMI = \(\frac{25}{1.20 \times 1.20}\) = 17.36

(d) The second child has 45 kg weight and 125 cm height. What is his BMI? Find out using the formula to calculate BMI.
Answer:
BMI = \(\frac{\text { Weight }(\mathrm{kg})}{\text { Height (metre) } \text { × } \text { Height (metre) }}\)
BMI = \(\frac{45}{1.25 \times 1.25}\) = 28.8

BMI Chart:

(e) What are your inferences?
Answer:
Physical condition of the first child:
BMI = 17.36
According to the BMI chart, below 18.5 = Underweight
The first child is Underweight.

Physical condition of the second child:
BMI = 28.8
According to the BMI chart, 25-29.9 = Overweight
The second child is Overweight.

(f) What is the reason for this kind of physical condition in these two children? Discuss.
Answer:
Reasons for the first child being underweight:

• Not eating enough nutritious food.
• Skipping meals or having an unbalanced diet.
• More physical activity but less calorie intake.
• Eating less protein, vitamins, and minerals.

Reasons for the second child being overweight:

• Eating more junk food, fast food, and oily items.
• High intake of sugary drinks, snacks, and packed foods.
• Less physical activity; spending more time on TV/mobile.
• Consuming more calories than needed.

Using this BMI method, you can easily determine your body condition.

Question 17.
Obesity is a condition in which body weight is in excess than the normal. This may lead to illness. Underweight also indicates an unhealthy condition.
(a) What is the solution for underweight?
Answer:
To overcome underweight:

• Eat nutritious and balanced food regularly.
• Include milk, eggs, pulses, fruits, vegetables, nuts, etc.
• Do light exercises to improve appetite.
• Avoid skipping meals.
• Ensure proper sleep and rest.

(b) What is the solution for being overweight?
Answer:
To reduce overweight:

• Avoid junk food, oily items, and sugary snacks.
• Eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Do regular physical activities like walking, cycling, and playing outdoor games.
• Reduce screen time (TV/Mobile).
• Drink plenty of water.

(c) If the weight is normal, what should be done to maintain it?
Answer:
To maintain normal weight:

• Continue eating a balanced diet with all nutrients.
• Do regular physical activities and exercise.
• Avoid eating too much junk food.
• Follow healthy habits, such as proper sleep and hydration.

Question 18.
Write good food habits on a chart and exhibit it in the class. Acquire healthy eating habits from childhood itself.
Answer:
Good food habits.

• Eat a Balanced Diet.
• Eat Fresh and Homemade Food.
• Drink Plenty of Water.
• Eat at Regular Times.
• Chew §ood Properly.
• Include More Fruits & Vegetables.
• Reduce Sugary Drinks & Snacks

Question 19.
(a) Did you notice the conversation with the doctor?
Answer:
Yes

(b) Don’t you understand that exercise is as Important as diet for proper health?
Answer:
Yes, most of the occupations that people engaged in in the past required physical activities. So, they used to get the benefit of exercise while working. Most jobs people engage in nowadays demand fewer physical activities.
Hence, it is essential to do exercise properly.

Question 20.
Observe the picture. What do they do for exercise?

Answer:
The people in the picture are lifting weights and doing strength training. This type of exercise helps to build muscles and keep the body strong.

Question 21.
What do you do for exercise? Discuss and present.
Answer:
Takes advantage of the physical education period in the school

• Running and playing.
• Yoga for flexibility and relaxation
• Morning or evening walks.

Question 22.
Observe the pictures. In both, the children are engaged in games. What is the difference between them? What games do you play in your free time? 4

Answer:

Figure 1 (Football players)	Figure 2 (Child playing digital games)
Requires physical exercise.	No physical movement or exercise.
Gets you fresh air and light.	Sitting in a closed room, in front of a screen.
Provides an opportunity to interact with friends and learn teamwork.	Isolation.
Health benefits.	Health challenges.

Question 23.
(a) Do you prefer playing outdoors or indoors? Pay attention to the children’s dialogue.

Answer:
I like to play outdoor games.

(b) Did you notice the words of these children? Out of these, which games provide exercise to them? Write it down.
Answer:
Children who participate in football games and swimming get proper exercise.

(c) What are the activities you engage in daily that provide you with exercise? List them in your Science Diary. What are your findings? Do you get adequate exercise?
Answer:
Yes

Activities/games that provide exercise	Duration
Running Jogging	30 minutes
Cycling	30 – 45 minutes
Jumping Rope	15-20 minutes
Football (Soccer)/Cricket/Basketball	45 – 60 minutes

A nutritious diet and proper exercise are important for good health. Now. let’s understand the importance of sleep.

Question 24.
(a) Which of these is your habit?
Answer:
Go to bed early and have a sound sleep.

(b) What are the health issues caused by excessive use of mobile phones?
Answer:

(c) Don’t you also use a mobile phone?
Answer:
Yes

(d) How long do you use your mobile phone daily?
Answer:
2 Hr

Question 25.
Excessive mobile phone use can lead to many health issues. Organise a debate on the topic ‘Excessive Use of Mobile Phones and Health Issues.’
Answer:
Topic: Excessive Use of Mobile Phones and Health Problems.
Team 1: Mobile Phones Cause Health Problems.

• Mobile phones are useful, but using them too much can harm our health.
• They can cause eye strain, headaches, poor sleep, and neck pain.
• Children spend too much time on games and videos, which leads to stress and less concentration.
• So, excessive use of mobile phones is bad for our health.

Team 2: Mobile Phones Are Helpful When Used Properly.

• Mobile phones are not always harmful.
• They help students learn new things, stay connected, and even improve safety.
• Health problems happen only when we overuse them.

If we take breaks and use phones wisely, they become very useful tools.

Conclusion
Both sides have strong points. The best solution is to use mobile phones carefully.

Question 26.
(a) What is the benefit of sound sleep at night?
Answer:
The body gets proper rest.

• Damaged cells repair themselves.
• Muscles relax.
• Important chemical reactions take place that keep us healthy.

(b) Sleeping during the day is not a compensation for the loss of sleep at night. Why?
Answer:
The body produces melatonin (the sleep hormone) only at night in darkness. Melatonin production drops in the morning due to light, which wakes us up. Daytime sleep does not give the same deep rest as night sleep.
Exercise and sleep are as important as food for good health.

(c) Write down information related to your sleep.
Answer:
Approximate bed time at night – 9:30
Approximate time of waking up in the moming-5:30
Total duration of sleep – 8 Hr

(d) On the basis of the above note on ‘Sleep’, check whether you are getting adequate sleep.
Answer:
Yes

Question 27.
Changes in lifestyle bring about many changes in diet, exercise, sleep, etc. These changes may lead to many health issues. Discuss the major health issues associated with this.
Answer:
Obesity and Weight Gain.
Eating unhealthy food and not exercising can cause a person to gain weight.

Heart Problems.
Poor diet, stress, and lack of physical activity can increase the risk of heart disease.

Diabetes.
Eating too much sugar and sitting too much can lead to high blood sugar.

Sleep Disorders.
Staying up late or using phones at night can cause poor sleep, making you tired and unfocused.

Blood pressure and Cholesterol.
Unhealthy eating habits and stress can raise blood pressure and cholesterol levels, which are harmful to the heart. A healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and proper sleep is important to avoid these problems.

Question 28.
(a) Aren’t you familiar with such a conversation?
Answer:
Yes

(b) What is diabetes?
Answer:
The normal level of glucose in 100 ml of blood is 70-100 mg. Diabetes is a condition in which the blood sugar (glucose) level rises highly.

Question 29.
What are the symptoms of diabetes?
Answer:
High appetite.

• Frequent urination.
• Delay in healing of the wound.
• Extreme thirst.
• Fatigue.

It is not possible to confirm diabetes by observing these symptoms alone. Diabetes can be detected by testing blood and urine. If diabetes is not under control, it may lead to severe health issues like stroke, kidney diseases, poor vision, etc.

Question 30.
Observe the poster related to diabetes.

(a) Discuss how diabetes can be controlled.
Answer:
Eat a balanced diet with more vegetables, whole grains, fruits, and lean proteins.

• Reduce foods high in sugar, oil, and refined flour.
• Exercise regularly.
• Maintaining Healthy Body Weight.
• Stress Management.

Insulin And Diabetes

• The level of glucose in the body is controlled by the hormone insulin.
• Insulin is produced by the pancreas.
• Scientists Frederick Banting and John Macleod discovered insulin in 1921.

Question 31.
Haven’t you heard people say that BP is low or high?
Answer:
Yes

Question 32.
(a) What is BP or blood pressure?
Answer:
Blood pressure is the pressure exerted on the walls of the blood vessels as the blood flows through them.

(b) Name the device used to measure Blood pressure?
Answer:
Sphygmomanometer. A reading of 120/80 mnrHg on this device indicates normal blood pressure.

(c) What are the factors that can cause variations in normal blood pressure levels?
Answer:
Smoking, obesity, potassium deficiency, excessive salt intake and ageing can cause variations in the normal blood pressure level.

(d) What measures are to be taken for controlling blood pressure? Write them in the Science Diary.
Answer:
Avoid smoking
Do regular exercise
Reduce the excessive salt intake.

Question 33.
Some food items fried in oil are given in the picture.

(a) Do you prefer fried items or steamed food items?
Answer:
Steamed food items.

(b) You have already understood that the use of fried food items should be reduced. What is the reason for this?
Answer:
Fried food items contain a lot of oil and fat, which can lead to obesity and increase the risk of lifestyle diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Therefore, the use of fried foods should be reduced to maintain good health.

Question 34.
What are the health problems that may arise from excessive consumption of fatty foods?
Answer:
Excessive consumption of fatty foods increases the level of bad cholesterol (LDL) in the body. This can block blood vessels, reduce blood flow, and lead to serious health problems such as heart attack, high blood pressure, obesity, and liver damage.

Question 35.
What are the ways to increase the level of good cholesterol?
Answer:
Good cholesterol (HDL) can be increased by regular exercise and by including certain healthy foods in the diet. Fish like sardines and mackerel, as well as leafy vegetables, pulses, groundnuts, and walnuts, help to improve the level of good cholesterol in the body.

Question 36.
What are lifestyle diseases?
Answer:
Lifestyle diseases are caused by an unhealthy lifestyle. This is mainly due to unhealthy food habits, lack of exercise, inadequate sleep, smoking, alcoholism, stress, etc.
Cancer, heart diseases, liver cirrhosis, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, depression, hypertension, etc., are examples of lifestyle diseases. An unhealthy lifestyle can weaken our immune system. This may lead to many other diseases or aggravate them.

Question 37.
Tabulate the changes in lifestyle, the resulting health issues and their remedies. Present it in the class.
Answer:

Changes in Lifestyle	Related Health Issues	Remedies
Playing an electronic game indoors	Vision problems.	Limit screen time.
	Pain in the neck and back muscles.	Take breaks and stretch.
	Obesity.	Do regular physical exercise.
Eating too much fast food/junk food	Obesity	Eat balanced, home-cooked meals.
	High cholesterol	Include fruits and vegetables.
	Digestive problems	Drink plenty of water.
Not getting enough sleep.	Fatigue	Sleep 7-8 hours daily.
	Poor concentration	Follow a regular sleep schedule.
	Weak immunity	Avoid screens before bed.
Spending long hours on mobile phones	Headache	Reduce mobile use
	Eye strain	Practice eye exercises

Question 38.
Examine the wordsun related to this given below. Certain lifestyles which should be completely given up, reduced or practiced are given in the wordsun. Complete the wordsun by adding more information related to it.

Answer:
(a) Let’s reduce: excessive screen time
(b) Let’s practice: hand-washing and personal hygiene
(c) Let’s give up: alcohol consumption

Question 39.
The health issues caused by smoking, alcoholism and substance use are more dreadful than the health problems caused by an unhealthy lifestyle. Let’s examine the physical. mental and social problems caused by these.
Answer:

Physical Problems	Mental Problems	Social Problems
Immunity of the body decreases.	Causes anxiety and depression.	Keeps distance from friends and family members
Memory and analytical thinking decreases.	Gets tempted to engage in illegal activities	Makes undesirable friendships
Causes lung and heart-related diseases.	Become aggressive quickly	Decreases interest in learning
Causes damage to the liver and kidneys	Reduces concentration and focus	Increases involvement in violence.

You have understood the issues caused by the use of drugs to individuals and society. Keeping drugs in our custody is as illegal as using them. So let’s take the pledge “I will say ’No to Drugs’ for a healthy life.”

Class 6 Basic Science Chapter 9 Question Answer Extended Activities

Question 1.
Enquire if anyone in your family has diabetes. Also enquire about the glucose level, changes made in the diet and physical issues experienced. Tabulate them.
Answer:
Model Table (Example Answer):

Question 2.
Collect information on games that provide physical exercise and prepare a sports magazine.
Answer:
Sample content for a simple sports magazine page:

Games That Provide Physical Exercise

1. Football
   • Improves stamina, leg strength, and teamwork.
2. Shuttle Badminton
   • Enhances reflexes, bums calories, improves flexibility.
3. Cricket
   • Improves hand-eye coordination and physical fitness.
4. Basketball
   • Good for height growth, speed, and heart health.
5. Running/Athletics
   • Strengthens muscles and improves cardiovascular health.
6. Swimming
   • Full-body workout improves lung capacity.
7. Cycling
   • Strengthens leg muscles and improves endurance.

Better Lifestyle for a Brighter Tomorrow Notes Pdf

Better Lifestyle for a Brighter Tomorrow Class 6 Notes Kerala Syllabus

Food Habits

• Eat a balanced diet with all nutrients.
• Prefer fresh, homemade food; avoid junk, fried, and sugary items.
• Include fruits, vegetables, pulses, milk, eggs, and leafy greens.
• Avoid eating while watching TV/mobile to prevent overeating. Packaged and fast foods are less healthy.

Height, Weight & BMI

• BMI = weight (kg) ÷ height (m)²
• Below 18.5: Underweight
• 18.5-24.9: Normal
• 25-29.9: Overweight

Good Food Habits

• Eat on time and in the right amount.
• Drink plenty of water.
• Choose fruits, vegetables, nuts, and protein-rich foods.
• Avoid fried, fast, and sugary foods.

Food & Exercise

• Exercise is as important as food.
• Outdoor games increase stamina and fitness.
• Digital games reduce physical activity.
• Walking, running, cycling, and yoga improve health.

Importance of Sleep

• Sound sleep repairs the body and boosts immunity.
• Melatonin is produced only at night—day sleep cannot replace it.
• Too much mobile use affects sleep and causes stress.
• Children need 7-9 hours of sleep daily.

Diabetes

• Normal glucose: 70-100 mg/100 ml
• Symptoms: thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, slow healing.
• Controlled by diet, exercise, and reducing sugar.

Blood Pressure

• Normal BP: 120/80 mmHg
• High BP caused by too much salt, obesity, smoking, and lack of exercise.
• Control through a healthy diet, low salt, and regular exercise.

Cholesterol

• Ideal level: below 200 mg/dL
• HDL: good cholesterol
• LDL: bad cholesterol
• Fried foods increase LDL; exercise increases HDL.
• Foods that boost HDL: fish, nuts, pulses, leafy vegetables.

Lifestyle Diseases

• Caused by unhealthy food, poor sleep, no exercise, stress, and screen addiction. Examples: obesity, diabetes, high BP, cholesterol, heart disease, depression.
• Prevent by a healthy diet, exercise, sleep, and reduced screen time.

Harmful Habits:

• Smoking, alcohol, drugs, junk food, and excess screen time.
• These cause physical, mental, and social problems.

Introduction
Health is the greatest wealth in life. Our lifestyle choices—what we eat, how much we move, and how well we sleep—directly shape our well-being. When these habits become unhealthy, lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol begin to appear. This chapter helps us understand the importance of a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and safe habits. It also explores the health problems caused by smoking, alcohol, and substance abuse, guiding us toward a healthier and happier life.

Food Habits

Unhealthy Food Habits

GOOD FOOD HABITS
Age-appropriate healthy food habits should be followed. Put a (V) mark against good food habits in the list given below.

Eating on time.	✓
Eating too much.
Eating the same food items regularly.
Eating frequently.
Including plenty of fruits, vegetables and leafy vegetables in the diet.	✓
Eating an adequate amount of food.	✓
Eating while watching television and a mobile phone.
Everyone in the family eats together at home.	✓
Eating very little food.
Eating more of fried food items.
Eating only the favourite food.
Not drinking enough water.
Eating fast foods in between.
Eating healthy snacks.	✓

Food And Exercise
Pay attention to the conversation between a mother and child with a doctor on the topic of food and exercise.

Importance of Sleep
Look at the habits of two children.

Sleep

• Our body gets proper rest when we sleep at night.
• During sleep, damaged cells in the body get repaired.
• Muscles relax when we sleep.
• Breathing, heartbeat and digestion slow down at night.
• Many important chemical reactions happen in our body during night sleep.
• Sleeping in the daytime cannot replace night sleep.
• Sleeping too much is also not healthy.
• A person of your age needs 7-8 hours of sleeps every night.

 

Diabetes

Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes	Type 2 Diabetes
The body does not produce enough insulin because the insulin producing cells are damaged.	The body is unable to use insulin properly or produces insufficient insulin.
It is generally seen in children.	It is the most common type of diabetes.
Requires lifelong insulin injections for control.	It can be managed through healthy lifestyle habits and proper medication.

Blood Pressure

CHOLESTEROL

• A total cholesterol level below 200 mg/dL is the ideal condition.
• There are two types of cholesterol, good cholesterol (HDL) and bad cholesterol (LDL).
• Excess bad cholesterol accumulates in blood vessels and blocks blood flow, leading to a heart attack.
• It also harms the liver. As good cholesterol levels increase, the risk of a heart attack decreases.
• Good cholesterol levels increase in the body during exercise.
• Similarly, fish like sardines and mackerel, and food items like leafy vegetables, pulses, groundnuts, walnuts, etc., help raise the level of good cholesterol.