Kerala Plus One Political Science Board Model Paper 2022 with Answers

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One Political Science Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf Board Model Paper 2022 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus One Political Science Board Model Paper 2022 with Answers

From questions 1 to 10 answer for 16 Scores.

Question 1.
Find out the Article which empowers the supreme court to issue writs in case of violation of Fundamental Rights.
(a) Article 32
(b) Article 14
(c) Article 25
(d) Article 30
Answer:
Article 32

Question 2.
Which of the following country follow proportional representation system for general elections?
(a) U.K.
(b) Israel
(c) U.S.A. (1)
Answer:
Israel

Question 3.
The Prime Minister of India is apponted by
(a) Vice President
(b) Rajya Sabha
(c) President of India (1)
Answer:
President of India

Question 4.
In India F.P.T.P System is adopted for elections to
(a) Lok Sabha
(b) Rajya Sabha
(c) President of India (1)
Answer:
Rajya Sabha

Question 5.
Complete the chart showing the structure of Judiciary in India. (2)

Answer:
a) Supreme court
b) Subordinate courts

Question 6.
Some statements about Indian Parliament is given below. Write whether they are true or false.
(a) Lok Sabha is a permanent house.
(b) Members of Lok Sabha is directly elected by people.
(c) \(\frac{1}{3}\) of members of Rajya Sabha complete their term after every two years.
(d) At present there are 543 Lok Sabha Constituencies in India.
Answer:
a) False
b) True
c) True
d) True

Question 7.
Some administrative subjects are given below. Write them properly in the table. (Banking, Trade Unions, Education, Adultration, Foreign Affairs, Ports) (3)

Union list	Concurrent list

Answer:

Union list	Concurrent list
Banking	Trade Unions
Foreign Affairs	Education
Ports	Adulteration

Question 8.
Name the authors of the books given below.
(a) Long Walk to Freedom
(b) Freedom from Fear
(c) On Liberty
Answer:
a) Long walk to freedom- Nelson Mandela
b) Freedom from fear-Aung San-Sukhi
c) On liberty- J.S. Mil

Question 9.
Classifythe rights given below as Political Rights and Economic Rights.
(Right to Vote, Right to Adequate Wage, Right to Reasonable Conditions of Work, Right to Form Political Parties, Right to Hold Public Office, Right to Employment) (3)
Answer:

Political Rights	Economic Rights
Right to Vote	Right to Adequate Wage
Right to Form Political Parties	Right to Reasonable Conditions of Work
Right to Hold Public Office	Right to Employment

Question 10.
Match coloumn  A with B

A	B
Constitution	Adopted Provision
British Constitution	Independence of Judiciary
Canadian Constitution	Liberty, Equality Fraternity
United States Constitution	Law Making Procedure
French Constitution	Quasi Federal Form of Government

Answer:

A	B
Constitution	Adopted Provision
British Constitution	Law Making Procedure
Canadian Constitution	Quasi Federal Form of Government
United States Constitution	Independence of Judiciary
French Constitution	Liberty, Equality Fraternity

Answer any 4 questions from 11 to 17. Each carries 3 scores.

Question 11.
Write three discretionary powers of President of India.
Answer:

1. Send back the advice given by the council of ministers for reconsideration.
2. Veto powers – With hold or refuse a bill
3. Appointment of the Prime Minister, when no party claims clear majority in Lok Sabha

Question 12.
Write the three classification of amendments made so far to Indian Constitution.
Answer:

1. Technical or administrative in nature
2. Differing interpretation
3. Amendment through political consensus

Question 13.
State any three provisions for ensuring of independence of judiciary in India.
Answer:
The following are the major provisions to ensure the independence of judiciary in India.

1. Appointment of Judges
2. Absense of financial interdependence
3. Protection from individual criticism

Question 14.
List out three measures for promoting equality.
Answer:

1. Establishing formal equality
2. Equality through different considerations.
3. Affirmative action,

Question 15.
Write any three factors that constitute a nation.
Answer:
Three factors constitute a Nation

1. Shared belief
2. History
3. Territory

Question 16.
State any three forms of structural violence.
Answer:

1. Colonialism
2. Patriarchy
3. Communalism

Question 17.
Write the significance of studying political theory.
Answer:
The study of political theories is very important. They are essential for all kinds of people like political workers, bureaucrats who make policies, students of political theories, advocates and judges who interpret the Constitution and laws, public workers who expose exploitation and fight for new rights and the students who learn about political concepts. Firstly, all the students will have to choose a profession in the future. The knowledge about political theories is relevant to all professions. All those who study mathematics will not become mathematicians or engineers. But, obviously, knowledge about mathematics is essential in our everyday lives.

Secondly, students of today are also going to be adults with voting rights tomorrow. They will have to take decisions on many issues. Knowledge about political theories and institutions will help them to act responsibly. Thirdly, Political theories motivate them to examine our ideas and emotions regarding political matters. Fourthly, Political theories help them to think systematically about political concepts.

Answer any four questions from 18 to 23. Each carries 4 scores. (4 × 4 = 16)

Question 18.
Discuss any four functions of Election Commission of India.
Answer:

1. Preparation of voter’s list
2. Conduct election of President, Vice-Presidents, lok sabha and state legislative assemblies.
3. Prepare time table for election
4. Appointment of polling officials for election
5. Declaration of election results.

Question 19.
Explain negative and positive liberty.
Answer:
Freedom means free from all kinds of control. If this is put into practice, there will be jungle law which is might is right. The strong will dominate the weak j and the strongest man will have to be revered by all in the society. Since this negative concept of freedom is not acceptable, the nation has to control freedom. i The positive concept of freedom is the removal of obstacles. Negative freedom will lead the nation to . an undesirable state. Positive freedom will help in the progress of the nation and the protection of the rights of all individuals.

Question 20.
Discuss any four changes brought by 73rd Constitutional Amendment in Panchayat Raj Institutions.
Answer:

1. After the 73rd Amendment, the power of the State governments to enact laws on local government was restricted. The
2. States were now forced to make laws in conformity with the Amendment.
3. After the 73rd Amendment, direct election came into effect.
4. After the 73rd Amendment, the condition came that if the local governments are dissolved, within 6 months fresh elections must be conducted.
5. After the 73rd Amendment, there was reservation for women and SCs and STs.
6. After the 73rd Amendment, the duty of conducting elections to the local governments was vested in a State Election Commission.
7. After the 73rd Amendment, in the local committees, dominance of the dominant castes and feudal lords came to an end to a certain limit.

Question 21.
Explain the powers and functions of the Prime Minister of India.
Answer:
The Prime Minister forms the council of ministers according to the capability of the ministers, he assigns duty to them.

1. The Prime Minister allocates the department to . the ministers and it he does not find the working ; satisfactory can change the departments of the ministers.
2. The Prime Minister presides over the meeting of the cabinet, he prepares the agenda for the meetings and controls it.
3. The Prime Minister work as a link between the president andcouncil of ministers.

Question 22.
Write a short note on legal rights.
Answer:
Legal rights are the rights recognized and enforceable by law. Legal rights are different from a moral or natural right because it is protected by law. Legal rights are of three types. They are civil rights, political rights and Economic Rights. Legal rights are equally available to all the citizens without the discrimination of caste , creed, sex and place of birth.

Question 23.
Explain universal citizenship and its relevance.
Answer:
Through the influence of globalization, open market system is strengthened and the distance between nations is lessened. Because of the growth of technology the world has become a global village. In the circumstances, importance of global (universal) citizenship is enhancing day by day.

Answer any four questions from 24 to 29. Each carries 5 scores. (4 × 5 = 20)

Question 24.
Briefly describe five functions performed by a Constitution.
Answer:

1. Constitution allows co-ordination and assurance
2. Specification of decision making power
3. Limitations on the power of government
4. Aspirations and goals of a society
5. Fundamental identity of the people (Any three points may be considered)

Question 25.
Analyse the original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India.
Answer:
Original Jurisdiction: In the following cases the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction.
a) Conflicts between the Centre and one or more States.
b) In conflicts where the Centre and a State or States are on one side and a State or States on the opposite side.
c) Conflicts between States.
d) In issues connected with the election of the President and Vice President.
e) To implement Fundamental Rights as per Article 32.

Appellate Jurisdiction:
The Supreme Court is the highest Appellate Court in India. Its Appellate Jurisdiction can be divided into 3 Constitutional, Civil and Criminal.

Constitutional Cases:
If the High Court testifies that the problem has some serious element of interpreting the Constitution, appeal can be given to the Supreme Court. Even if the High Court refuses to certify such a thing, if the Supreme Court feels that the case has some serious element of interpreting the Constitution, the SC can issue Special Leave of Appeal. The Supreme Court can, on its own initiative, or on the request of the Attorney General, can ask the High Courts to move matters of public interest to the SC.

Civil Cases:
If the high Court that testifies to the effect that the matter needs the decision of the SC, the case can be transferred to the SC.

Criminal Cases
In the following circumstances appeals against High Court Judgements can be made in the SC:
If an accused is left unpunished, a person or organizations can file an appeal if it is felt that leaving the accused unpunished will cause some difficulty to the public. Here the Court is approached for protecting public interest. Since the Court is approached for public interest, such cases are called ‘Public Interest litigation’. Such cases usually come up in situation where there is a lack of drinking water, problems of the poor, pollution, etc. Today this has become the most energetic weapon in the hands of the Judiciary.

Public Interest Litigation:
a) Anybody who is interested in public interest, to defend the rights of others, to solve public problems, can approach the Court.

b) Since litigatton is very costly in India, for defending people’s rights, this helps.
In the Constitution it is stated that only the persons whose fundamental rights are violated can approach the court. But this condition has been made loose by the Supreme Court by letting Public Interest Litigation. Through this anybody can approach the court to defend the fundamental rights of others.

Question 26.
Explain any two conflicting areas in Indian Federal System.
Answer:
The Constitution is merely framework of Federalism. It is the political processes that supply the flesh and „ blood to it. Therefore the changi ng pol itical processes are the most important factor that influences Indian federalism.
Demand for administrative autonomy: Many States of India are clamouring for greater autonomy. Often this causes rifts between the Centre and the states.

The role of Governors and President’s rule: The role of Governors has caused many rifts between the Centre and the states. Often the Governors have to work as yes-men to the Central Government. Presidential rule in case of Constitutional Emergency is also a matter of conflict.

Demand for New States: This is another headache for the Federalism. For example, the demand for Telungana State.
Inter-State Conflicts: Sometimes these conflicts grow to such levels that federalism itself is threatened.

Question 27.
Discuss John Rawls’s concept of Justice.
Answer:
John Rawls is an American philosopher. In his book The Theory of Justice’, he put forward 2 principles regarding the Theory of Justice, They are as follows:

1. In the broad framework of basic freedom, according to the freedom of all individuals, each person should have equal opportunity.
2. Social and economic inequalities should be tackled in two ways:
   • For the maximum benefit of those who are least favoured, there should be reservations.
   • We should be guided by our discretionary powers and not morality when it comes to the distribution of government jobs so that the underprivileged get extra consideration.

Rawls does not give us predetermined moral criteria or goals., He give s us freedom to determine what is the best in the given circumstances. This is what makes Rawls’ theory very significant and an inevitable means of approaching the problem of law and justice.

Question 28.
Describe the social and environmental cost of development.
Answer:
The social costs of envelopment are quite high. Because of the construction of huge dams, industrial works, mining and such other things many people had to be sent away from their abodes and they had to be rehabilitated elsewhere. Because of the loss of their homes and land, the people lose their means of livelihood and poverty is the result. They lose their traditional job skills. They also lose their cultural moorings. For example, for the development of the Kannur airport many families had to be evacuated. The ecological costs of development are beyond calculation. Still environmental destruction goes on. Here are,some of the ill-effects of development:

1. Air and water pollution.
2. Increase in global warming (increase in the warmth of the atmosphere because of the emission of green gases).
3. Depletion of the Ozone layer (CFCs – Chlorofluoro-carbons – used in air-conditioners etc. cover the atmosphere and this results in the depletion.)
4. Overuse of fertilizers and insecticides poison the soil.
5. The ruin caused to the flora and fauna.
6. Overuse of non-renewable sources of energy and the resultant environmental damage.
7. Deforestation and its ill-effects.

Question 29.
Briefly explain any five political philosophy of Indian Constitution.
Answer:
Political philosopy of Indian Constitution

1. Individual freedom : Our Constitution is very much concerned with Individual freedom. For example we have the Fundamental Rights.
2. Social Justice : The mission of the nation is ensuring Social Justice. The different articles of the Constitution are the means for this. For example Article 16.
3. Respect for Diversity and Minority Rights: The Constitution guarantees the educational and cultural rights of the minorities in India.
4. Secularism: This is the cornerstone of the Indian Constitution. It treats all religions equally.
5. Universal Franchise: The Constitution ensures that all adults of 18 and above have their voting rights without any discrimination.
6. Federalism : India is a Federation. The Centre- State relations are defined clearly.
7. National Identity: Our Constitution nurtures both national identity as well as a regional identify simultaneously.

Answer any two questions from 30 to 32. Each carries 8 scores.

Question 30.
Describe any four criticisms raised against Indian Secularism.
Answer:
Different levels of criticism have emerged against our secularism. Three of the more important ones are given below:
a) Anti-Religious : Some people argue that secularism is anti-religious. The reason for this belief is the fact that secularism is against the dominance of established powerful religions. But this and anti-religion are quite different. Some people also argue that secularism is a threat to individual’s religion. This also is wrong. Secularism nourishes religious freedom. It is not a threat to a person’s religion or his beliefs. But secularism is against certain questionable practices like propagating violence, intolerance and fanaticism. Secularism encourages the good things in religion but opposes the bad things.

b) Western Import: Another criticism is that Indian secularism is related to Christianity. It means secularism is something Western and it is inappropriate with Indian circumstances. Thiss a strange argument. Don’t we see thousands of things around us which are not Indian? If people say that when a country is secular it should have its own goal it is good and relevant. Western secularism came as a challenge to the religious leaders who tried to control the social and political matters of the nation. Then how can it be said that Western secularism is connected to Christianity? Moreover Western secularism asks religion and government to keep their hands off each other. For the idea of separating the state form religion, different societies give different interpretations. A secular government keeps a respectable distance from religion. It is done to maintain peace among different communities. At the same time the government will interfere for the protection of minority rights.

c) Minoritism : This is another criticism that is levelled against Indian secularism. It is true that Indian secularism stands for the rights of minorities. Let’s look at this example: 4 people are travelling in a train. One wants to smoke. Another person objects. The other two are smokers and so they keep quiet. So there is a problem. If a decision is to be taken democratically, and the matter put to vote, the person objecting to smoking will lose. It may look just. But is it just if we look from the angle of the person who objected to smoking? He may be allergic to smoke. Here the voting system does not work. Here the right of minority should be protected.

Question 31.
Analyse the various device used by the legislature to control the executive in India.
Answer:
In the parliamentary form of government, the executive is responsible to the legislative and is under its control.
a) No confidence motion: The executive remains in office till it enjoys the confidence of the legislative, especially the Lok Sabha. If the Lok Sabha passes a co-confidence motion, the whole council of ministers bound to resign.

b) Finance control: The legislative has complete control over the finances and the annual budget is passed by it. The controller and Auditor General (CAG) is accountable to the legislatures of different states and also the parliament.

c) Deliberation and discussion: During the law making process members get an opportunity to deliberate on the policy direction and the ways in which policies are implemented. The question hour and zero hour etc. are the most effective method of keeping right on the executives and the administrative agencies of the government. The calling attention notice, adjournment motion, censure motion etc. are the approval or refusal of laws other tools or instruments.

A bill can become a law only with the approval of the parliament. If the government has majority in Lok Sabha but not in the Rajya Sabha, the govt, is bound to make concession in the bill. It also supervises the activities of the executive with the helping its committees like committee on government assurance, committee on petitions etc.

Question 32.
Explain the various Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Constitution of India.
Answer:
a) Right to Equality: This is the basic tenet of the Indian Constitution. It has been made clear in the Preamble itself. In the past, there was no equality in the Indian society. So the Right to Equality is very important. About the Right to Equality there are clear statements in the 3rd chapter, Articles between 14 and 18. The Right to Equality include the following:

1. Equality before Law, Equal Protection of Laws
2. Protection from Discrimination
3. Equality of Opportunity in employment
4. Eradication of Untouchability
5. Non-award of Titles

b) Right to Freedom

1. Right to talk freely and to express one’s opinion
2. Right to call to attend meetings
3. Right to organize
4. Right to travel Right to have shelter
5. Right to work, trade, commerce and industry
6. Protection from undue punishment
7. Individual freedom and freedom to live
8. Protection against illegal arrests and imprisonment

c) Right against Exploitation:

1. Articles 23 and 24 guarantees the Right against Exploitation.
2. Article 23 bans immoral acts, slavery and bonded labour.
3. Child labour is prohibited.

d) Right to Freedom of Religion:

1. The Indian Constitution envisages the nation to be secular and democratic. So it gives religious freedom.
2. The Right to Religion is described in Articles 25-28.
   • Article 25 – The rightto accept any religion and propagate it.
   • Article 26 – To make religious institutions and to acquire property.
   • Article27 – The money used for religious purposes is tax exempted.
   • Article 28 – To conduct religious instructions in certain institutions.

e) Cultural and Educational Rights:
1. All minorities can establish educational institutions and run them.

2. Minorities are given protection in their language, script, & culture. It is not enough to list a number of rights in the Constitution. For citizens to practise them and protect them against their violations there should be provisions. Right to Constitutional Remedies helps citizens to enjoy their rights. Dr. Ambedkar called this Right as the “Heart and Soul” of the Constitution. This Right ensures that citizens are guaranteed of their fundamental rights. This gives Constitutional protection to the fundamental rights.

WRITS (Court Orders):
a) Habeas Corpus
b) Mandamus
c) Writ of Prohibition
d) Certiorari
e) Quo Warranto