Kerala Plus One Political Science Question Paper March 2020 with Answers

Reviewing Kerala Syllabus Plus One Political Science Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf March 2020 helps in understanding answer patterns.

Kerala Plus One Political Science Previous Year Question Paper March 2020

From questions 1 to 11, answer for 16 scores.(16)

Question 1.
Following are some of the provisions borrowed to Indian constitution from the constitution of other countries. Find out relevant countries. (4)

Provisions	Countries
Concept of Rule of law
Principle of liberty, equality, fraternity
Fundamental Rights
Directive Principles of state policy

Answer:

Provisions	Countries
Concept of Rule of law	Britain
Principle of liberty, equality, fraternity	France
Fundamental Rights	USA
Directive Principles of state policy	Ireland

Question 2.
Which day is observed as Human Rights day? (1) (August 15, January 10, October 2, December 10)
Answer:
December 10

Question 3.
Mention the article which empowers High Courts to issue writs. (1)
Answer:
Article 226

Question 4.
Identify the commission which recommended constitutional status to local governing bodies in India (Sarkarla Commission, Balwant Rai Mehta Committee, Mandal Commission, RK. Thungon Committee) (1)
Answer:
P.K. Tungon Committee

Question 5.
Classify the following and write them in respective columns: (3)
• Police
• Education
• Defence
• Banking
• Jail
• Forest

Union list	State list	Concurrent list

Answer:

Union list	State list	Concurrent list
Defence	Police	Education
Banking	Jail	Forest

Question 6.
Identify the German Philosopher who glorified war.(1) (Rousseau, Friedrich Nietzsche, Voltaire, Vilfredo Pareto)
Answer:
Fridrich Nietzsche

Question 7.
Fill in the blanks with appropriate positions. (3)

Answer:

Question 8.
Which of the following task is not performed by Election Commission? (1)
i) Preparing electoral rolls
ii) Nominating the candidates
iii) Setting up polling booths
iv) Implementing model code of conduct
Answer:
(ii) Nominating the candidates

Question 9.
Who was the first Election Commissioner of India?
Answer:
SukumarSen

Question 10.
Idendity the autobiography of Nelson Mandela. (1)
1) Satanic Verses
2) Freedom from fear
3) Long walk to freedom
4) My Experiments with Truth
Answer:
Long walk to freedom

Question 11.
Complete the given pyramid showing the structure of Indian Judiciary.

Answer:

Answer any 4 questions from 12 to 17. Each carries 3 scores. (4 × 3 = 12)

Question 12.
Constitution amendment is the procedure through which any addition or change is made in the constitution. Examine tree provisions for amending the constitution of India.
Answer:
Through Simple majority in the parliament

1. Through Special (2/3rd) majority in the Parliament.
2. Through special (2/3rd) majority in the parliament + half of the state’s majority

Question 13.
India had adopted the concept of Secularism, different from western concept. Point out any three differences between the two.
Answer:

Westem Secularism	Indian secularlsm
Religion and government strictly keep distance and do not mutually interfere.	Nation makes principle-based interferences in religious affairs.
Individual and his rights are given almost importance	Rights of individuals and also of religious groups will be protected.
Equality among different religious	Equality among different religious groups is stressed
Care is not given to rights based on religious communities	Care is given to minority rights.
Religious reforms are not supported by the government.	Nation support religious reforms.
The nation wont help religious institutions	Nation helps reigious institutions.

Question 14.
Liberty has two aspects. Negative liberty and positive liberty. Explain
Answer:
Freedom means free from all kinds of control. If this is put into practice, there will be jungle law which is might is right. The strong will dominate the weak and the strongest man will have to be revered by all in the society. Since this negative concept of freedom is not acceptable, the nation has to control freedom. The positive concept of freedom is the removal of obstacles. Negative freedom will lead the nation to an undesirable state. Positive freedom will help in the progress of the nation and the protection of the rights of all individuals.

Question 15.
State is not a temporary community of individuals. It is different from groups and communities. Explain how the state is different from communities.
Answer:

1. No face to face relationship
2. No blood relationship
3. No common descend

Question 16.
There were two development models existed in the world at the time of India’s independence. Explain.
Answer:

1. Socialist Model
2. Capitalist Model

Question 17.
Write a short note on social, political and economic equalities.
Answer:
Political Equality : To ensure political equality in a society, people should have the opportunities to take
part in active politics. Only if they have the right to play their role in the affairs the nation, there will be political equality there.

Economic Equality : The meaning of Economic Equality is that all citizens must be able to enjoy the nation’s resources equally. This is important for the eradication of poverty.

Social Equality : This means that all in the society have equal social status. Nobody should have special rights. All should have opportunities to develop their personality. In short, nobody should be given any special consideration in name of caste, religion, race or riches.

Answer any 4 questions from 18 to 23. Each carries 4 scores. (4 × 4 = 16)

Question 18.
Religious domination may be intra religious or inter-religious. Explain.
Answer:
Inter religious domination A situation where one religious dominates and suppresses other religious Intra – religious domination A situation where a community / religious dominates its own members.

Question 19.
Explain judicial activism and examine its merits and demerits.
Answer:
Judicial activism has caused some bitter feuds and confrontations among the Executive, Legislature and Judiciary in India. When the Executive and legislature become weak, the Judiciary openly intervenes for the protection of the rights of the people. It is good for democracy but it has its weaknesses. Here are the merits and demerits of judicial activism.

Merits
a) Through public interest litigation, the powers of the Courts increased and the people’s faith in them also increased.
b) Judicial activism helped to reduce expenses for litigation.
c) Judicial activism forced the Executive to carry’ , out its responsibilities.

Demerits
a) Increased work load for the Courts.
b) It caused open clash between the Executive and Judiciary.

Question 20.
The provisions relating to citizenship is included in part two and subsequent laws passed by Parliament. Point out means for acquiring Indian citizenship.
Answer:
According to the Indian Citizenship Act, there are 5 ways to acquire Indian Citizenship. They are:

1. By birth: Anybody born in India on 21 January 1950 or later will be an Indian citizen.
2. Citizenship by heredity: Anybody born outside India on 21 January 1950 or later will be given Indian citizenship if his father was an Indian citizen at the time of his birth.
3. Citizenship by Registration: The following can get Indian citizenship through registration:
   • People of Indian origin who have stayed in India continuously for 6 months before submitting the application for registration.
   • People of Indian origin who are staying outside undivided India.
   • Wives of the Indian citizens.
   • Minor children of Indian citizens.
   • Adult citizens of Commonwealth Countries or the Republic of Ireland.
4. Citizenship through Long Stay: A foreigner can get Indian citizenship through long stay here subject to certain conditions.
5. Citizenship through regions becoming part of India: If any region becomes part of India, the government has the authority to declare the people of that region as Indian citizens.

Question 21.
Explain the use and importance of studying Political Theory.
Answer:
The study of political theories is very important. They are essential for all kinds of people like political workers, bureaucrats who make policies, students of political theories,’advocates and judges who interpret the Constitution and laws, public workers who expose exploitation and fight for new rights and the students who learn about political concepts. Firstly, all the students will have to choose a profession in the future. The knowledge about political theories is relevant to all professions. All those who study mathematics will not become mathematicians or engineers. But, obviously, knowledge about mathematics is essential in our everyday lives.

Secondly, students of today are also going to be adults with voting rights tomorrow. They will have to take decisions on many issues. Knowledge about political theories and institutions will help them to act responsibly. Thirdly, Political theories motivate them to examine our ideas and emotions regarding political matters. Fourthly, Political theories help them to think systematically about political concepts.

Question 22.
In the debate on the limit of freedom, the ‘harm principle’ is very relevant. Explain harm principle put forward by J.S. Mill.
Answer:
The Harm Principle was proposed by J.S. Mill in his famous book “On Liberty”. It says: “The only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others.”

Question 23.
Nationalism has two phases – constructive and destructive. Explain with examples.
Answer:
Nationalism has two faces – creative nationalism and destructive nationalism. Creative Nationalism is an emotional and spiritual power that unifies all factors that make up a nation. The creative nationalism we see in India is unity in diversity. Militant and aggressive nationalism is the opposite of creative nationalism. The WW II was the result of the militant and aggressive nationalism of the Nazis and Fascists.

CREATIVE NATIONALISM	AGGRESSIVE (DESTRUCTIVE) NATIONALISM
Creates loyalty	Creates hatred.
Unites people	Divides people.
Develops sense of freedom & liberates people.	Causes conflicts and wars.
Encourages democracy & self rule	Develops isolation.
Encourages economic growth	Looks at other people with suspicion.
Encourages cultural growth.	Develops instability.
Encourages diversity in social, economic and political spheres.	Creates many small nations.

Answer any 4 questions from 24 to 29. Each carries 5 scores. (4 × 5 = 20)

Question 24.
India is one of the countries, where free and fair election is held. But there are some drawbacks in our electoral system. Give suggestions to reform the present electoral system.
Answer:
Suggestions

1. Reservation to women
2. FPTP to PR
3. Reduce money power and muscle power
4. State funding
5. Bogus voting eliminate

Question 25.
Explain the different stages of law making procedure in Indian Parliament.
Answer:
Legislative Procedure in India: The procedure for passing the bills in the Parliament is explained in articles 107 to 122. According to that each bill has to pass through 5 phases including 3 readings in the Houses.

First Reading : This is the presentation of the bill. After getting the permission of the House, a member presents the bill with a statement. If the bill faces opposition, the one who presented the bill and the one objecting it is given opportunity to explain their stands. If the majority votes in favourable of the Bill, it is published in the Government Gazette. If the bill is not very controversial, there is a precedent that there is no discussion in the first reacting.

Second Reading : This is the 2nd phase. At this stage, all the important points of the bill are discussed. The presenter will ask the House to consider it urgently. Or he may request the bill to be sent to a Select Committee or a Joint Committee of both the Houses for consideration. He may also ask the bill to be circulated for getting public opinion. Normally the bill is sent to a Select Committee.

The Committee Stage : This is the 3rd stage. The members to this Committee are appointed by the House. The Committee Chairman decides the time, date and venue of the meeting. The Select Committee will have members from the Opposition. The Members study the bill clause by clause and prepares a report to be presented in the House.

Report Stage : This is the 4th stage. The presenter asks the House to discuss the bill on the day it is scheduled for discussion. The Report may be unanimous or with differences in opinion. In the light of the Report, the House discusses each condition in the bill. This discussion may take quite some time. Each item in the bill is discussed extensively and then it is put to vote. During this time serious changes may happen in the bill and therefore this is the most crucial stage.

Third Reading : This is the last stage. On the appointed day the bill is presented in the House for final approval. No serious change is brought at this stage. Changes may be orally presented and quickly resolved. At the end of the discussion the bill is put to vote. If the bill receives favourable vote from the majority of members present and voting, the bill is deemed to have passed. Then the bill is sent to the second House.

Question 26.
The Indian constitution gave shape to a federation with a strong central government. Substantiate the statement.
Answer:
Federalism is the system by which powers of the nation are divided between the Centre and the States. If all the powers of the nation are concentrated in the Central government, such a system will be called Unitary government. America is a Federal system. But China is a unitary system.

The Indian Constitution follows the federal system. This is what article 1 states: “India that is Bharat shall be a Union of States.” When India became free on 15 August 1947, the integration of the Princely States became necessary. Our Federation did not come into existence through an agreement among existing States. It is a creation of the self identity of the Indian people through the Constitution. Strong federation is suitable do to following.

1. Teritorial integrity in the hand of Parliament.
2. Emergency powers
3. Effective financial power
4. Appointment of governors
5. Power to legislate on state list
6. Integrated administrative system

Question 27.
Briefly explain the functions of constitution.
Answer:
a) Give basic laws to bring about unity among the members of the society. Ensure that the laws are obeyed by all.
b) Decide who is the authority to take decisions in the society.
c) Limit the powers of the government.
d) Enable the government to realise the goals and desires of the society.
e) Give a fundamental identity to the people.

Question 28.
So many criticism are raised against the constitution of India. On the basis of this statement, analyse the criticism against the constitution.
Answer:
The Indian Constitution is not beyond criticism. There have been many criticisms, but two of the most important are the following:

a) Unwieldy : The basis of this criticism is the feeling that a constitution must be brief and precise. But since the Indian circumstances are different from others, this criticism does not have any validity.

b) It is not representative enough: The members of the Constituent Assembly were chosen with limited franchise. Universal franchise could not be used there. The Indian Constituent Assembly was formed according to the recommendation of the Cabinet Mission and therefore we could not make it completely democratically representational. It was because in the Assembly there were representations from the Princely States and Territories directly under British control.

Question 29.
Briefly explain the forms of structural violence.
Answer:
Structural violence is the violence that originates from social institutions and practices. Casteism, Class distinction, male domination, colonialism, tribalism, racism, communalism etc. can produce structural violence.

Answer any 2 questions from 30 to 32. Each carries 8 scores. (2 × 8 = 16)

Question 30.
Briefly explain the fundamental Rights enshrined in the constitution of India.
Answer:
1) Right to Equality: This is the basic tenet of the Indian Constitution. It has been made clear in the Preamble itself. In the past, there was no equality in the Indian society. So the Right to Equality is very important. About the Right to Equality there are clear statements in the 3rd chapter, Articles between 14 and 18. The Right to Equality include the following:

• Equality before Law, Equal Protection of Laws
• Protection from Discrimination
• Equality of Opportunity in employment
• Eradication of Untouchability
• Non-award of Titles

2) Right to Freedom:

• Right to talk freely and to express one’s opinion
• Right to call to attend meetings
• Right to organize
• Right to travel
• Right to have shelter
• Right to work, trade, commerce and industry
• Protection from undue punishment
• lndividual freedom and freedom to live
• Protection against illegal arrests and imprisonment

3) Right against Exploitation:

• Articles 23 and 24 guarantees the Right against Exploitation.
• Article 23 bans immoral acts, slavery and bonded labour.
• Child labour is prohibited.

4) Right to Freedom of Religion:

1. The Indian Constitution envisages the nation to be secular and democratic. So it gives religious freedom.
2. The Right to Religion is described in Articles 25-28.
   • Article 25 – The right to accept any religion and propagate it.
   • Article 26-To make religious institutions and to acquire property.
   • Article 27 – The money used for religious purposes is tax exempted.
   • Article 28 – To conduct religious instructions in certain institutions.

5) Cultural and Educational Rights:

1. All minorities can establish educational institutions and run them.
2. Minorities are given protection in their language, script, & culture.

6) Right to Constitutional Remedies: It is not enough to list a number of rights in the Constitution. For citizens to practise them and protect them against their violations there should be provisions. Right to Constitutional Remedies helps citizens to enjoy their rights. Dr. Ambedkar called this Right as the “Heart and Soul” of the Constitution. This Right ensures that citizens are guaranteed of their fundamental rights. This gives Constitutional protection to the fundamental rights.

WRITS (Court Orders):
a) Habeas Corpus
b) Mandamus
c) Writ of Prohibition
d) Certiorari
e) Quo Warranto

Question 31.
The 73rd and 74th constitutional amendments brought revolutionary changes in the structure and functions of local governments. Identify major changes implemented through these amendments.
Answer:
The 73rd Constitutional Amendment made Panchayati Raj Constitutional. Social justice: This means all the people in the society.

1. It brought a 3-tier system by having Village-Block- District level Panchayats in all the States.
2. The block level can be avoided if the State has less than 20 lakh population.
3. The Grama Sabha Concept is also included in the Amendment.
4. The Chairmen of the Block Panchayat and Zlla Parishad will be elected by the concerned Panchayat members.
5. The local MLAs and MPs will be ex-officio members of the Block Panchayat.
6. The Chairman of the Grama Sabha will be elected as per the law approved by the State Government.
7. Based on the population of the place, in all the 3 levels there will be proportionate representation for SCs and STs.

One-third of the seats are reserved for ladies. Proportionate to the population, some Chairmen should be SCs and STs.
One-third of the chairmen will be ladies.

1. Reservations are by rotation.
2. The duration for all Panchayat Raj Institutions is 5 years. After dissolution, elections must be done within 6 months and new committees are to be formed.
3. The Act makes provision for the appointment of an independent State Election Commission.
4. It is the Governor who appoints the State Election Commission.

The Act also makes provision for the appointment of a Financial Commission once in 5 years to look into the financial status of the Panchayats and give the Government suggestions.

Question 32.
The concept of Justice has three important principles. Briefly explain justice and the three principles with suitable examples using following hints.
• Equal treatment for equals
• Proportionate justice
• Recognition of special needs
Answer:
John Rawls.

1. Social justice: This means all the people in the society are equal. Everybody in the nation should be given equal opportunities and equal consideration. The essence of social justice is seeing everyone equally without any discrimination in the name of caste, religion, colour and gender.
2. Economic Justice : These are the basic factors of economic justice: All the primary needs of the citizens should be fulfilled. There should circumstances where all can live comfortably. They should get adequate wages for their work. Social security must be assured. Equal pay for equal work.
3. Political Justice : This means an atmosphere where people have free and fair participation in the political system of the nation. Right to universal adult franchise. Non-discrimination in the appointments to government jobs.