Kerala Plus One Political Science Question Paper September 2021 with Answers

Reviewing Kerala Syllabus Plus One Political Science Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf September 2021 helps in understanding answer patterns.

Kerala Plus One Political Science Previous Year Question Paper September 2021

Questions from 1 to 11, answer for 16 scores.(16)

Question 1.
Name the First Chief Election Commissioner of Free India. (1)
Answer:
SukumarSen

Question 2.
Fundamental Rights are included in part of the Constitution. (II, III, IV).
Answer:
III

Question 3.
Identify the process by which the President of India is removed. (1)
a. Impeachment,
b. Quorum,
c. Jerrymandering
Answer:
Impeachment

Question 4.
is an example of All India Service. (1)
(a) Indian Administrative Service
(b) Indian Foreign Service
(c) Indian Revenue Service
Answer:
Indian Administrative Service

Question 5.
Name the case in which the Judiciary advanced the
theory of basic structure. (1)
a) Golak Nath Case
b) Kesavananda Bharati Case
c) Minerva Mill Case
Answer:
Kesavananda Bharati case

Question 6.
Identify the Amendment related to Urban Local Government (Nagarapalikas)
Answer:
74th

Question 7.
Complete the chart showing the Civil Services in India.
Answer:
All India Serive, State Service

Question 8.
Certain subjects related to Union list, State List and Concurrent list are given below. Arrange them appropriately in the table. (War and Peace, Education, Agriculture, Police, Banking, Forest)

Union List	State List	Concurrent List

Answer:

Union List	State List	Concurrent List
War and peace	Agriculture	Education
Banking	Police	Forest

Question 9.
Identify the following rights and write them in the appropriate columns. (Right to life, Right to vote, Right to work, Right to get adequate wages, Right to property, Right to contest elections)

Political Right	Economic Right	Civil Right

Answer:

Political Right	Economic Right	Civil Right
Right to vote	Right to work	Right to life
Right to contest elections	Right to get adequate wages	Right to property

Question 10.
Some books and authors are given in the table. Match them properly.

Books	Authors
On Liberty	Nelson Mandela
Freedom from Fear	Mahatma Gandhi
Hind Swaral	J .S.MilI
Long Walk to Freedom	Auna San Suu Kyi

Answer:

Books	Authors
On Liberty	J .S.MilI
Freedom from Fear	Auna San Suu Kyi
Hind Swaral	Mahatma Gandhi
Long Walk to Freedom	Nelson Mandela

Answer any four questions from 12 to 21. Each carries 3 scores. (4 × 3 = 12)

Question 11.
Some borrowed provisions of Indian Constitution from other countries are given below. Arrange them properly in the table.
[(a) Fundamental Rights (b) Liberty, Equality and Fraternity (c) Law making procedure (d) Directive Principles of State Policy]

Country	Borrowed Provisions
Britain
USA (America)
France
Ireland

Answer:

Country	Borrowed Provisions
Britain	Law making procedure
USA (America)	Fundamental rights
France	Liberty, equity and paternity
Ireland	Directive principles of state policy

Answer any four questions from 12 to 21. Each carries 3 scores. (4 × 3 = 12)

Question 12.
What is the significance of studying Political theory?
Answer:

1. The study of Political Theory mould better citizens get aware of the rights and duties.
2. To develop basic knowledge about political ideals and institutions.
3. Make the citizens aware of the Political concepts helps students in various intellectual activities.

Question 13.
Our Constitution can be amended in three different methods. Write these methods.
Answer:

1. Simple majortiy
2. Special majority
3. Special majority with ratification of states

Question 14.
Identify the major criticisms levelled against Indian Constitution.
Answer:

1. Unwidely
2. Unrepresentative
3. Alien document

Question 15.
Explain the discretionary powers of the President of India.
Answer:

1. The president can send back the advices given by the council of ministers for reconsideration.
2. President can without or send back the bill for reconsideration.
3. Discretion in choosing the Prime Minister when there is a hung Parliment.

Question 16.
What do you mean by independence of judiciary?
Answer:

1. Independence of Judiciary means the judiciary must be able to discharge its duties and responsibilities without fear, freely and impartially.
2. The other organs of the govt must not restrain the functioning of the judiciary.
3. The other organs of the govt should not interfere with the decisions of the juciciary.

Question 17.
Write three measures for promoting equality.
Answer:

1. Establishing formal eqality
2. Equality through different treatment
3. Affirmative action

Question 18.
Mention three limitations of Indian Constitution.
Answer:

1. Indian Constitution has a centralised idea of national unity.
2. Constitution keeps silence regarding some important issues of gender justice, particularly within the family.
3. Certain basic socio-economic rights were relegated to the section on directive principles, rather than made an integral feature of fundamental rights.

Question 19.
Write any two merits and. two demerits of judicial activism.
Answer:

1. Merits
   • Expanded the idea of rights hence judiciary became more people friendly.
   • Democratized the judicial system
   • Involvement of judiciary in portection of rights of the poor environment etc.
2. Demerits
   • It has overburdened the courts
   • Create ‘issues in the relation between legislative, ‘ executive and judiciary.

Question 20.
Briefly explain the relationship between Rights and Duties.
Answer:
Rights and duties are the two sides of the same coin. Firstly rights us to think not just of our own personal needs compel and interest but to defend somethings as being good for all of us. Secondly it compelled an individual to respect the rights of others. Thirdly, we must balance our rights when they come into conflict.

Question 21.
Indian Constitution is a living document-comment.
Answer:

1. Indian Constitution keeps responding to the situations and circumstances arising from time to time.
2. Indian Constitution responds to experiences
3. Constitution is dynamic open to interpretations evolving ober time to time.

Answer any 4 questions from 22 to 30. Each carries 4 scores. (4 × 4 = 16)

Question 22.
Narrate the Harm principle of J.S. Mill.
Answer:
The concept of Harm principle was developed by John Stuart Mill. He explains the idea of harm principle in his book ‘on liberty’. J.S. Mill divided the human activity into self regarding activities and other regarding activities. Self regarding activities affect the individual concerned and other regarding actions affect others. If the other regarding actions may harm to others, it should be restricted. This is known as Harm Principle.

Question 23.
Explain the original and appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court of India.
Answer:
Original Jurisdiction
In the following cases the supreme court has original jurisdiction.

1. Conflicts between the centre and one or more states.
2. Conflicts between the centre and a state or states are on one side and a state or states on the opposite side.
3. Conflicts between states
4. Issues connected with the election of the president and vice president.

Applelate Jurisdiction
The supreme court is the highest Applleate court in India. Its applleate jurisdiction can be divided into three constitutional, civil and criminal cases.

Question 24.
Explain the role of Prime Minister in India.
Answer:

1. Prime Minister has a significant role in the cabinet Administrative system.
2. The Prime Minister is the first among equals, in Latin it means ‘Primus inter pares’.
3. The Prime Minister is the leader of his party in the parliament. By that he controls the members of his party.
4. Prime Minister is the leader of the Lok Sabha.
5. Prime Minister head of the cabinet.
6. Prime Minister is a link between the president and the cabinet.

Question 25.
Suggest any four measures for reforming Indian Electocal System.
Answer:

1. Flection system should be changed from first post past system to proportional representation system.
2. Ensure special provision for representation of women.
3. Candidates with criminal case should be barred from contesing election.
4. Complete ban on the use of caste and religious appeals in the campaign.
5. State funding of election expenses.

Question 26.
Prepare a note on social cost of development.
Answer:
The social costs of development are quite high. Because of the construction of huge dams, industrial works, mining and such other things many people had to sent away from their abodes and they had to be rehabilitated else where. Because of the loss of their homes and land the people lose their means of livelihood and poverty is the result. They lose their traditional jobs and cultural life too.

Question 27.
List out the special powers of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
Answer:

1. Lok Sabha
   • Money Bills first introduced and it has the power to reject money bills.
   • No-confidence motion introduced in Lok Sabha.
2. Raiva Sabha
   • Approved of Rajya Sabha is necessary to shift a subject from state list to other.
   • Any resolution seeking the creation of All India Services can only be initiated in Rajya Sabha.

Question 28.
Briefly explain any two dimensions of equality.
Answer:
Political Equality. Political equality implies that all citizens have similar political right, an equal voice in the government and equal voice in the government and equal access to all offices of the government. Political equality involves right to vote, right to contest elections, right to hold public offices and right to criticise the government.

Economic Equality: Economic equality means all should enjoy the wealth of the state eqully. It also implies abolition of poverty. Right to work, right to adequate wages, equal pay for equal work, right to leisure, right to social security etc are examples of economic equality.

Question 29.
Write any four functions of a Legislature.
Answer:

1. Legislative functions: The major function of the legislative is to make laws. It involves first reading, second reading, committee stage, report stage and third reading.
2. Control of executive: Through discussions and debates, approving of rejecting the laws, control through finances, and no-confidence motion etc are different ways to control of executive.
3. Financial functions: Presenting financial and non-financial bills and making laws passing resolutions on the budget and financial accounts are major financial functions.
4. Electoral functions: Elects the president and vice -president

Question 30.
Compare parliamentary executive and presidential executive.
Answer:

1. Parliamentary Executive
   • In a parliamentary executive the nominal executive is the head of the state and real executive is the head of the government.
   • The executive is responsible to the legislature.
   • Ministers have collective responsibility to the parliament.
2. Presidential Executive
   • In presidential executive, the head of the state and head of the government is the same person.
   • The pari iament has no control over the president.
   • The executive and legislative stand separately

Answer any 4 questions from 31 to 38. Each carries 5 scores. (4 × 5 = 20)

Question 31.
Explain briefly five functions of a Constitution.
Answer:
Co-ordination and assurance

1. Specification of decision making power
2. Limitations on the power of the government
3. Aspirations and goals of a society
4. Fundamental identity of the people.

Question 32.
Prepare a note on Universal Citizenship and Global Citizenship.
Answer:

• Universal citizenship
  1. Although many states may support the idea of universal and indusive citizenship, each of them also fixes criteria for the grant of citizenship.
  2. These would generally be written into the constitution and laws of the country. The problem of stateless people is an important one confronting the world today.
• Global citizenship
  1. Global citizenship connects the people of different parts of the world through the means of communication.
  2. Global citizenship acquires sympathies to help the victims of flood, war, terrorism etc.
  3. Gloal citizenship, though does not exist it is a sense to be linked to each other across national boundaries.

Question 33.
The Constitution of India create a strong Central Government. Briefly explain five provisions that make Central Government more strong.
Answer:

1. Existence of a state including its territorial integarity is in the hands of the parliament.
2. Strong emergency powers
3. Effective financial powers and responsibilities of the control government.
4. Role of govemnors.
5. Powers of the central government to make legislation on matters from state list.
6. Integrated administrative system.

Question 34.
Compare Indian Secularism and Western Secularism.
Answer:
Indian Secularism

1. Religious reforms will be encouraged.
2. Equality among different seats of a religion is stressed.
3. Completely avoid the mutual interference of religion and government.
4. Equality among religious groups is very important.
5. Individual and his rights are the most crucial.

Question 35.
Briefly explain the law making procedure in India.
Answer:
Legislative Procedure in India: The procedure for passing the bills in the Parliament is explained in articles 107 to 122. According to that each bill has to pass through 5 phases including 3 readings in the Houses.

a) First Reading: This is the presentation of the bill. After getting the permission of the House, a member presents the bill with a statement. If the bill faces opposition, the one who presented the bill and the one objecting it is given opportunity to explain their stands. If the majority votes in favour of the Bill, it is published in the Government Gazette. If the bill is not very controversial,”there is a precedent that there is no discussion in the first reading.

b) Second Reading: This is the 2nd phase. At this stage, all the important points of the bill are discussed. The presenter will ask the House to consider it urgently. Or he may request the bill to be sent to a Select Committee or a Joint Committee of both the Houses for consideration. He may also ask the bill to be circulated for getting public opinion. Normally the bill is sent to a Select Committee.

c) The Committee Stage: This is the 3rd stage. The members to this Committee are appointed by the House. The Committee Chairman decides the time, date and venue of the meeting. The Select Committee will have members from the Opposition. The Members study the bill clause by clause and prepares a report to be presented in the House.

d) Report Stage: This is the 4th stage. The presenter asks the House to discuss the bill on the day it is scheduled for discussion. The Report may be unanimous or with differences in opinion. In the light of the Report, the House discusses each condition in the bill. This discussion may take quite sometime. Each item in the bill is discussed extensively and then it is put to vote. During this time serious changes may happen in the bill and therefore this is the most crucial stage.

e) Third Reading: This is the last stage. On the appointed day the bill is presented in the House for final approval. No serious change is brought at this stage. Changes may be orally presented and quickly resolved. At the end of the discussion the bill is put to vote. If the bill receives favourable vote from the majority of members present and voting, the bill is deemed to have passed. Then the bill is sent to the second House.

Question 36.
Briefly explain different forms of structural violence.
Answer:

1. Caste System: The traditional caste system treated certain groups of people as untouchable. This leads to social exclusion and inequality.
2. Patriarchy: Partiarchy entails a form of social organisation that results in the systematic subordination or discrimination against women. Colonalism: Colonalism is a prolonged and direct subjugation of people by an alien country.
3. Racism and communalism: These two are involved the stigmatisation and oppression of an entire racial group or community.

Question 37.
Explain the following political philosophies of Indian Constitution.
(a) Individual freedom
(b) Social justice
Answer:
Individual freedom: Freedom means providing an atmosphere where a person has opportunities to develop his individuality. It is when a person can take independent decisions and act independently we say there is freedom. A person should not be controlled by external forces also means when persons are able to increase their capabilities and qualities.

Social Justice: Social justice means that all the members of the society are equal. Social justice ensures that all the people in the nation are given equal opportunities and equal consideration. Social justice does not approve any discrimination on the basis of religion, caste, colour or gender.

Question 38.
Explain John Rawl’s theory of justice.
Answer:
John Rawls is an American philosopher. In his book The Theory of Justice’, he put forward 2 principles regarding the Theory of Justice. They are as follows:

1. In the broad framework of basic freedom, according to the freedom of all individuals, each person should have equal opportunity.
2. Social and economic inequalities should be tackled in two ways:

a) For the maximum benefit of those who are least favoured, there should be reservations.

b) We should be guided by our discretionary powers and not morality when it comes to the distribution of government jobs so that the underprivileged get extra consideration. Rawls does not give us predetermined moral criteria or goals., He give s us freedom to determine what is the best in the given circumstances. This is what makes Rawls’ theory very significant and an inevitable means of approaching the problem of law and justice.

Answer any 2 questions from 39 to 42. Each carries 8 scores. (2 × 8 = 16)

Question 39.
Prepare an essay on Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India.
Answer:
The +1 Political Science students of Kasargod Government HSS organized a seminar on the topic ‘Fundamental Rights’. Prior to the seminar, the students were divided into 6 groups and they discussed the topic. The leaders of each group presented the ideas of their group.

Contents:
a) Right to Equality: This is the basic tenet of the Indian Constitution. It has been made clear in the Preamble itself. In the past, there was no equality in the Indian society. So the Right to Equality is very important. About the Right to Equality there are clear statements in the 3rd chapter, Articles between 14and 18. The Right to Equality include the following:

1. Equality before Law, Equal Protection of Laws
2. Protection from Discrimination
3. Equality of Opportunity in employment
4. Eradication of Untouchability
5. Non-award of Titles

b) Right to Freedom

1. Right to talk freely and to express one’s opinion
2. Right to call to attend meetings
3. Right to organize
4. Right to travel
5. Right to have shelter
6. Right to work, trade, commerce and industry
7. Protection from undue punishment
8. Individual freedom and freedom to live
9. Protection against illegal arrests and imprisonment

c) Right against Exploitation:

1. Articles 23 and 24 guarantees the Right against Exploitation.
2. Article 23 bans immoral acts, slavery and bonded labour.
3. Child labour is prohibited.

d) Right to Freedom of Religion:
a) The Indian Constitution envisages the nation to be secular and democratic. So it gives religious freedom.
b) The Right to Religion is described in Articles 25-28.

Article 25 – Theiright to accept any religion and propagate it.
Article 26 – To make religious institutions and to acquire property.
Article 27 – The money used for religious purposes is tax exempted. Article 28 – To conduct religious instructions in certain institutions.

e) Cultural and Educational Rights:

1. All minorities can establish educational institutions and run them.
2. Minorities are given protection in their language, script, & culture.

f) Right to Constitutional Remedies: It is not enough to list a number of rights in the Constitution. For citizens to practise them and protect them against their violations there should be provisions. Right to Constitutional Remedies helps citizens to enjoy their rights. Dr. Ambedkar called this Right as the “Heart and Soul” of the Constitution. This Right ensures that citizens are guaranteed of theirfundamental rights. This gives Constitutional protection to the fundamental rights.

WRITS (Court Orders):
a) Habeas Corpus
b) Mandamus
c) Writ of Prohibition
d) Certiorari
e) Quo Warranto

Question 40.
Briefly explain the features of 73rd Constitutional amendment.
Answer:
The 73rd Amendment Act made the Panchayat Raj a Constitutional system.

1. It brought a 3-tier system by having Village-Block- District level Panchayats in all the States.
2. The block level can be avoided if the State has less than 20 lakh population.
3. The Grama Sabha Concept is also included in the Amendment.
4. The Chairmen of the Block Panchayat and Zila Parishad will be elected by the concerned Panchayat members.
5. The local MLAs and MPs will be ex-officio members of the Block Panchayat.
6. The Chairman of the Grama Sabha will be elected as per the law approved by the State Government. Based on the  population of the place, in all the 3 levels there will be proportionate representation for SCs and STs.

One-third of the seats are reserved for ladies. Proportionate to the population, some Chairmen should be SCs and STs.

One-third of the chairmen will be ladies.

1. Reservations are by rotation.
2. The duration for all Panchayat Raj Institutions is 5 years. After dissolution, elections must be done within 6 months and new committees are to be formed.
3. The Act makes provision for the appointment of an independent State Election Commission.
4. It is the Governor who appoints the State Election Commission.

The Act also makes provision for the appointment of a Financial Commission once in 5 years to look into the financial status of the Panchayats and give the Government suggestions.

Question 41.
Indian Parliament controls the executive through’ various measures. Explain in detail, these measures by considering the following hints. Hints:
• Deliberation and Discussion
• Approval or refusal of laws
• Financial control
• No confidence motion
Answer:

1. Discussions and debates.
2. Approving of rejecting the laws.
3. Control through finances
4. Motion of No-Confidence

Question 42.
Discuss any four factors which help the formation of a nation.
Answer:
Nationalism is an emotional and spiritual power that unifies all factors of the political theory prevalent in the nation. The nationalism we see in India is unity in diversity. Indian nationalism is the feeling that we all are Indians. Without nationalism, no new nation can originate or survive. It is nationalism that supplies the basis for the building up of a nation. Loyalty to the nation, its strength, its power and its working and the legality etc. are emotions that are generated in the minds of people. In the background of nationalism, the com mon behaviour of a nation can be analysed. Nationalism includes national styles, national expectations, national goals, national conflicts, national anthem, national flower, national flag and national symbol. Toynbee has said that Nationalism is the religion of the modern nation.

Factors that nourish Nationalism:
a) Shared Beliefs: It is some beliefs that help the formation of a nation. Nation is not a concrete thing like a building, river or forest that we can that something like a common language or common heredity is necessary to have the drive to form a nation. A common language or a common religion might bring about a common cultural identity. When people celebrate the same feasts on the same day and actively take part in the festivities, they feel some kind of unity. But it is possible that in a democratic set up and democratic values, too much of religion may prove a threat.

see and touch. Nation is a concept built around certain beliefs of the people. When we say that a people are a nation, we do not mean their physical behaviour. Nation is a vision and a collective fellowship of people who wish to have their own separate identity. It is like a group of a team. They work for a common goal in a common fellowship. A natiftn can exist only as long as the people are deeply rooted in unity.

b) History: A people who consider themselves as a nation have a sense of a continuous historical existence. It is something that they can look back with pride and look forward to with hope. They have a common history based collective memories, legends and historical documents. Thus they acquire individuality as a nation. We can take our Indian nationalist leaders as examples. We point out our ancient civilization, cultural heritage and other past achievements, thus making a unique identify of our own.

c) Territory: Territory is another essential aspect of a nation. A nation has a separate area of land. There people will have lived together for long, shared their past, bringing a common identity to them. It helps them to think that they are one nation. That is why they can talk about their own country of birth.

d) Shared political ideals: Apart from the sense of a common history and some territory of their own, the people of a nation are persuaded to think of unity because of their common vision and goal for the future. They have some ideals quite peculiar to them and these also make a nation different from others.

e) Common Political Identity: Many people think that just because individuals have a common ‘political vision regarding the society and the government, they can’t form a nation. They feel that something like a common language or common heredity is necessary to have the drive to form a nation. A common language or a common religion might bring about a common cultural identity. When people celebrate the same feasts on the same day and actively take part in the festivities, they feel some kind of unity. But it is possible that in a democratic set up and democratic values, too much of religion may prove a threat.