Kerala Plus Two Geography Question Paper March 2024 with Answers

Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus Two Geography Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf March 2024 to improve time management during exams.

Kerala Plus Two Geography Previous Year Question Paper March 2024

Maximum : 60 Scores
Time : 2 Hours
Cool-ff time : 15 minutes

Answer any 4 questions from 1 to 5. Each carries 1 score. (4 × 1 = 4)

Question 1.
The change in the number of people living in a particular area between two points of time is….
Answer:
Population growth

Question 2.
The oldest approach to human development is
Answer:
Income approach

Question 3.
The type of mining in which the output is both large and rapid is
Surface Mining/Open-cast mining

Question 4.
The theory used to describe and predict the future population of any area is
Answer:
Demographic Transition Theory

Question 5.
The interaction between primitive human society and strong forces of nature is termed as
Answer:
Environmental Determinism.

Answer any 8 questions from 6 to 15. Each carries 2 scores. (8 × 2 = 16)

Question 6.
There are several problems faced by Indian agriculture. Two of them are mentioned below. Cite the other ones.
(a) Dependence on erratic monsoon
(b) Low productivity
Answer:

1. Constraints of Financial Resources and indebtedness
2. Lack of Land Reforms
3. Small farm size and fragmentation of landholdings
4. Lack of Commercialisation
5. Vast under-employment
6. Degradation of cultivable Land

Question 7.
Complete the flow chart showing different types of farming.

Answer:
Types of Farming
(a) Irrigated Farming
(c) Protective Farming
(e) Dryland Farming
(f) Wetland Farming

Question 8.
Environmental pollution by solid wastes has now got significance because of enormous growth in the quantity of wastes generated from various sources. Name the two sources of solid wastes.
Answer:

1. Household or domestic establishments
2. Industrial or commercial establishments

Question 9.
State any two advantages of non-conventional energy resources.
Answer:
These are the only renewable sources of energy:

1. These energy sources are more equitably distributed and environment friendly.
2. It will provide more sustained, eco-friendly cheaper energy after the initial cost is taken care of. Egs.: Solar, wind, wave, Biogas etc.,

Question 10.
International trade is the exchange of goods and services among countries across national boundaries. Identify and explain the two types of international trade.
Answer:
Types of International Trade

• Bilateral Trade
  1. It is done by two countries with each other
  2. They enter into agreement to trade specified commodities amongst them.
• Multilateral Trade:
  1. It is conducted with many trading countries
  2. The same country can trade with a number of other countries

Question 11.
Prepare a brief note on transhumance.
Answer:
Trnashumance

1. The process of migration from plain areas to pastures on mountains during summers and again from mountain pastures to plain areas during winters is known as transhumance.
2. Movement in search of pastures is undertaken either over vast horizontal distances or vertically from one elevation to another in the mountainous regions. Eg: Gujjars, Bakarwals, Gaddis and Bhotiyas in Himalayas.

Question 12.
Write any two characteristics of slash and burn agriculture.
Answer:

1. The vegetation is cleared by fire, and the ashes add to the fertility of the soil.
2. The cultivated patches are very small and cultivation is done with very primitive tools such as sticks and hoes
3. After the soil loses its fertility (3-5 Yrs), the farmer shifts to other parts
4. Widely practiced by many tribes in the tropics in Africa south and central America and South East Asia

Different Names of Shifting Cultivation

1. Jhumming : North Eastern States of India
2. Milpa : CentralAmerica and Mexico
3. Laclang : Indonesia and Malaysia

Question 13.
The chief gateways of the world of international trade are the harbours and ports.
(i) Identify the two types of ports based on the location.
(ii) Write any one example of each.
Answer:
i) Inland Ports and Out Ports
ii) Examples: Inland Ports, Manchester, Memphis, Kolkata
Examples: Outports, Athens and its outport, Piraeus

Question 14.
List out any four factors that influence the location of industries.
Answer:

1. Access to Market
2. Access to Raw Material
3. Access to Raw Labour Supply
4. Access to Sources of Energy
5. Access to Transportation and Communi-cation Facilities
6. Government Policy
7. Access to Agglomeration economies / links between industries.

Question 15.
Identify the following:
(i) The concept reflects a middle path between the two ideas of environmental determinism and possibilism.
(ii) Name the propounder of the concept.
Answer:
(i) Neodeterminism or stop and go determinism
(ii) Griffith Taylor

Answer any 8 questions from 16 to 26. Each caries 3 scores. (8 × 3 = 24)

Question 16.
On the basis of evolution in different periods, Indian towns are classified into three. Complete the flow chart.

Answer:

Question 17.
Define the terms given below:
(a) Crude Birth Rate
(b) Place of Origin %
(c) Population density
Answer:
(a) Crude Birth Rate
The number of live births in a year 1,000 of population.
CBR = \(\frac{\mathrm{Bi}}{\mathrm{P}}\) x l000

(b) Place of Origin
When people move from one place to an¬other, the place they move from is called the Place of Origin.

(c) Population density
The ratio between the numbers of people and the size of land.
It is usually measured in persons per sq.km.
Density of population = \(\frac{\text { Population }}{\text { Area }}\)

Question 18.
In order to arrest the regional and social disparities in development, the planning commission introduced target area and target group approaches to planning. Find the example of programmes implemented in India by using the given hint.

Answer:

Question 19.
List out the four pillars of human development and explain any one of them in detail.
Answer:
1. Equity
2. Sustainability
3. Productivity
4. Empowerment.

1. Equity : To making equal access to opportunities available to everybody, irrespective of their gender, race, income and in the Indian case, caste.
2. Sustainability :It means continuity in the availability of opportunities.
3. Productivity : It means human labour Productivity or Productivity in terms of human work.
4. Empowerment :  It means to have the power to make choices.

Question 20.
Write any three basic differences between rural and urban settlements.
Answer:

• Rural Settlement
  1. People are engaged in primary economic activities.
  2. Rural People are less mobile
  3. Social relations among them are intimate
  4. People provides food and raw materials to the Urban area.
• Urban Settlement
  1. Depend on processing of raw materials, manufacturing of finished goods and a variety of services.
  2. Life is complex and fast
  3. Social relations are formal
  4. Provides goods and services not only to the Urban dwellers but to the people of rural area.

Question 21.
The names of transcontinental railways are given I Column. A. Match the items in column B and C with A.
(A) (B) (C)
Answer:

(A)	(B)	(C)
Trans-continental Railways	Connecting Areas	Countries
Union and pacific Railway	New York San Francisco	USA
Trans Canadian Railway	Halifax Vancouver	Canada
Trans Siberian Railway	St. Petersburg Vladivostok	Russia

Question 22.
List out any three measures for the conservation of mineral resources.
Answer:

1. To use alternate energy sources like solar power, wind, wave, Geothermal energy etc.
2. Use of Scrap Metals
3. Use of substitutes of scrap metals
4. Export of Strategic and Scarce minerals must be reduced.

Question 23.
Hunting and gathering are the oldest economic activity known. Mention the characteristics of this economic activity.
Answer:

1. Practiced by people located in very cold and extremely hot climate.
2. This activity requires a small amount of capital investment.
3. Operates at very low level of technology
4. The yield per person is very law and little or no surplus is produced.

Question 24.
Identify the shipping canal depicted in the given map and discuss its features.

Answer:
Suez canal

1. Constructed in 1869 in Egypt
2. Constructed between Port Said in the north and Port Suez in the south
3. Links the Mediterranean Sea and the Red sea.
4. Length-160 km Depth -11 to 15 m
5. It gives Europe a new gateway to the Indian Ocean and reduces direct sea route distance between Liverpool and Colombo.

Question 25.
Rainwater harvesting is a method to capture and store rainwater for various uses. Suggest any three methods for rainwater harvesting.
Answer:

1. Harvesting through watershed management.
2. Harvesting through lakes
3. Harvesting through Service Wells
4. Harvesting through Recharge wells.

Question 26.
Transport distance can be measured in three ways. Explain them in brief.
Answer:
a) K.M. distance : actual distance of route length
b) time distance : The time taken to travel on a particular route. 1
c) Cost distance : actual cost/ expense needed for travel in one route.

Answer any 4 questions from 27 to 31. Each carries 4 scores. (4 × 4 = 16)

Question 27.
The population of world is unevenly distributed. Discuss the various geographical factors that contribute for the differences in the distribution of population.
Answer:
Geographical Factors.

• Availability of water :
  1. It is most important factor for life
  2. People prefer to live in areas where fresh water is available.
  3. Water is used for domestic, industrial and navigation purposes.
  4. River’valleys are the most densely populated areas of the world.
• Landforms:
  1. People prefer living on flat plains and gentle slopes.
  2. Such areas are favourable forthe production of crops and to build roads and industries.
  3. The Ganga plains are the most densely populated areas of the world while Himalayas are scarcely populated.
• Climate:
  1. An extreme climate such as very hot or cold deserts are uncomfortable for human habitation.
     Areas with a comfortable climate, attract more people.
• Soils:
  1. Fertile soils are important for agricultural and allied activities.
  2. The areas with fertile loamy soils have more people living in them as these can support intensive agriculture.

Question 28.
Mention the advantages of water transport.
Answer:

1. It is the cheapest means of transport.
2. Most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky material
3. It does not require route construction.
4. It is a fuel-efficient and eco-friendly mode of transport.
5. The energy cost of water transportation is tower.
6. The Water transport is of 2 types inland waterways and oceanic waterways.

Question 29.
India’s population growth during the last century can be classified into four phases. Complete the table using the given details.

Demographic Transition Phases	Characteristics
Phase – 1	(a) 1901 – 1921 (b) (c)
Phase – 2	(a) (b) Period of steady population growth (c)
Phase – 3	(a) (b) (c) High natural growth of population
Phase – 4	(a) (b) Growth rate remained high and started slow down gradually (c)

Answer:

• Phase 1
  1. Period of Stagnant / Stationary phase
  2. Growth rate was very low.
  3. Both the birth and death rates were very high
  4. Recorded a a negative growth rate during 1911-1921.
• Phase 2
  1. 1921-1951
  2. CBR remained high
  3. High birth rate and low death rate.
• Phase 3
  1. 1951-81
  2. Period of population explosion
  3. Rapid fall in the mortality rate but a high fertility rate.
• Phase 4
  1. 1981-till present
  2. A downward trand of CBR
  3. Rapid fall in the mortality rate but a high fertility rate.

Question 30.
Identify any four types of industries based on raw materials used and write any one example of each.
Answer:
Industries based on Rawmaterials / inputs

1. Agro based Industries : Eg : Food processing, Sugar, Textiles, Spices, Rubber beverages etc.,
2. Mineral Based Industries : Eg : Iron and steel industry, Jewellery, cement, Pottery Industries etc.
3. Chemical Based Industries : Eg : Petro – Chemical Industry, Synthetifibre, Plastic etc.,
4. Forest Based Industries : Eg : Furniture industry Paper, lac industries.
5. Animal Based Industries : Eg – Leather Industry Ivory Products Wollen textiles.

Question 31.
Identify and mark the following geo information on the given outline map of India :
(a) The state which records the highest population density according to 2011 census.
(b) The leading manganese producing state.
(c) The largest container port in India.
(d) A land locked harbour in India.
Answer:
a) Bihar
b) Odisha
c) Jawaharlal Nehru Port/Nhava Sheva Port
d) Visakhapatnam