SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Regular practice of SSLC IT Theory Questions and Class 10 IT Chapter 6 The World of Robots Questions and Answers Notes prepares students for objective and descriptive examinations.

Class 10 IT Chapter 6 Question Answer

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions

InText Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Complete the table below based on the components of robots and their uses.

Answer:

Category	Component	Use
Input Unit	Light Sensor	To detect the presence of light.
	IR Sensor	To detect the presence of objects with the help of infrared rays.
	Microphone	To collect sound information from the environment.
	Camera	To collect information in the form’of images.
	Ultrasonic Sensor	To measure distance by using ultrasonic waves.
	Touch Screen	To detect physical contact or pressure
Control Unit	Ardunio	The information received through input devices is processed, decisions are made based on the given instructions and actions are carried out throught the output devices.
	Raspberry Pi
	ESP32
	Microcontroller
Output Unit	LED	To display the output in the form of light.
	Buzzer	To produce sound as an alert or notification.
	Servo Motor	Used to perform automatic/mechanical movement.
	Stepper Motor	Used for precise movement in steps; often in robotic arms/wheels.

Question 2.
Artificial intelligence and robotics can do many amazing things when they come together. Note down what they can do.
Answer:

Robotics that perform surgeries in the healthcare sector.

1. Robots that manufacture products in factories.
2. Robots that engage in space travel.
3. Robots that engage in agricultural work.
4. Robots that prevent environmental pollution.
5. Robots that drive vehicles, such as self-driving cars or delivery drones.
6. Robots that clean homes and offices automatically using Al-powered navigation.
7. Robots that teach and interact with students in classrooms.

Class 10 IT Chapter 6 Let’s Assess

Question 1.
Which of the following can be used as an actuator in a robot?
(a) IR sensor
(b) Servo motor
(c) LED
(d) Ardunio
Answer:
(b) Servo motor

Question 2.
Analyze the code given in the figure and find the correct statements given below.

(a) An output device is connected to Digital PIN 4.
(b) An output device is connected to Digital PIN 10
(c) An input device is connected to Digital PIN 4.
(d) An input device is connected to Digital PIN 10.
Answer:
None of the given options are correct.

Correct statements are:

1. An input device is connected to Digital PIN 8.
2. An output device (servo motor) is connected to Digital PIN 9.

Std 10 IT Chapter 6 Extended Activities

Question 1.
Did you use Ardunio to light up an LED? Make a model of a traffic signal using green, red, and yellow LEDs..
Answer:
Traffic Signal Model using Ardunio
Components needed:

1. Ardunio Uno board
2. Breadboard
3. 3 LEDs (Red, Yellow, Green)
4. 3 resistors (2202 each)
5. Jumper wires
6. USB cable

Circuit Description:

1. Red → Ardunio PIN 8
2. Yellow → Ardunio PIN 7
3. Green → Ardunio PIN 6
4. Connect the long leg (anode) of each LED to the specified Arduino pin via a resistor.
5. Connect the short leg (cathode) of each LED to the GND rail on the breadboard.
6. Connect the breadboard GND to GND pin on Arduino.

Ardunio Code:
void setup() {
pinMode(8, OUTPUT); // Red LED
pinMode (7, OUTPUT); // Yellow LED
pinMode(6, OUTPUT); // Green LED
}
void loop () {
// Green light ON
digitalWrite (6, HIGH);
delay(5000); // 5 seconds
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
// Yellow light ON
digitalWrite(7, HIGH);
delay(2000); // 2 seconds
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
// Red light ON
digitalWrite(8, HIGH);
delay(5000); // 5 seconds
digitalWrite(8, LOW);
}
• Turns Green LED ON for 5 sec (Go)
• Then Yellow LED ON for 2 sec (Wait)
• Then Red LED ON for 5 sec (Stop)
• Repeats the sycle in a loop.

Question 2.
Modify the smart door system you created so that it recognizes only you and functions accordingly.
Answer:
Components needed:

1. Ardunio Uno
2. Servo Motor
3. Camera Module
4. Raspberry Pi or PC
5. Jumper wires. Power supply

Working:

1. Camera captures a face.
2. Face is matcfied with a trained image of your face.
3. If match found → Servo unlocks door.
4. Else → Door remains locked
   Write python (Face Recognition) Code

Question 3.
Using the light sensor from the robotic kit, create a model of an LED light system that automatically turns on at night.
Answer:
Components needed:

1. Ardunio Uno
2. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
3. 10k ohm Resistor
4. LED
5. Breadboard and jumper wires
6. USB cable for Ardunio

Working Principle:

1. The LDR detects light intensity.
2. When it is bright (day), the resistance of the LDR is low, and the LED remains off.
3. When it is dark (night), the resistance of the LDR increases, volatage changes are sensed by Ardunio, and the LED turns on.

Circuit diagram:
LDR Setup:

• One end of LDR → 5V on Ardunio
• Other end of LDR → A0 (analog input) and also to one end of 10k 2 resistor.
• Other end of fresisitor → GND

LED Setip:

• Longer leg of LED (Anode) → Digital Pin 9
• Shorter leg of LED (Cathode) → GND (via 2200 resistor)
  Add Ardunio Code

SSLC IT The World of Robots Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is the main function of a robot’s controller?
(a) To move the robot
(b) To sense temperature
(c) To act as the brain of the robot
(d) To charge the battery
Answer:
(c) To act as the brain of the robot

Question 2.
Which part of a robot helps it detect obstacles?
(a) Motor
(b) Controller
(c) Battery
(d) Sensor
Answer:
(d) Sensor

Question 3.
What is the full form of AI in robotics?
(a) Automatic Interface
(b) Artificial Intelligence
(c) Audio Integration
(d) Advanced Input
Answer:
(b) Artificial Intelligence

Question 4.
Robots used in surgery are an example of __________ robots.
(a) Space Robots
(b) Military Robots
(c) Medical Robots
(d) Domestic Robots
Answer:
(c) Medical Robots

Question 5.
Which programming language is commonly used with Arduino?
(a) Java
(b) Python
(c) C++
(d) HTML
Answer:
(c) C++

Question 6.
Robots used in factories for assembling cars are called ____________ .
(a) Service robots
(b) Industrial robots
(c) Medical robots
(d) Domestic robots
Answer:
(b) Industrial robots

Question 7.
Which component provides energy to a robot?
(a) Actuator
(b) Sensor
(c) Power source
(d) Controller
Answer:
(c) Power source

Question 8.
How many wires does a standard servo motor have?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Answer:
(b) 3

Question 9.
What is the function of the yellow wire in a servo motor?
(a) Power
(b) Ground
(c) Control
(d) Light
Answer:
(c) Control

Question 10.
Servo motor rotation is usually limited to _____________ .
(a) 90°
(b) 180°
(c) 270°
(d) 360°
Answer:
(b) 180°

Question 11.
What signal is used to control a servo motor?
(a) Voltage
(b) Resistance
(c) Pulse Width Modulation
(d) Frequency
Answer:
(c) Pulse Width Modulation

Question 12.
Which pin on the Arduino is usually used for servo motor signal?
(a) GND
(b) 5V
(c) Analog pin
(d) Digital pin
Answer:
(d) Digital pin

Question 13.
Arduino IDE is used for ____________ .
(a) Drawing diagrams
(b) Typing Malayalam
(c) Writing and uploading code
(d) Making spreadsheets
Answer:
(c) Writing and uploading code

Question 14.
Which wire of a servo motor connects to 5V in Arduino?
(a) Black
(b) Red
(c) Yellow
(d) Green
Answer:
(b) Red

Question 15.
What happens when a PWM signal is changed?
(a) Brightness reduces
(b) Servo speed changes
(c) Servo angle changes
(d) Robot shuts down
Answer:
(c) Servo angle changes

Question 16.
The Arduino board used in school projects is mostly _______________ .
(a) Arduino Mega
(b) Arduino Nano
(c) Arduino Uno
(d) Arduino Uno Plus
Answer:
(c) Arduino Uno

Question 17.
Which software is commonly used to program Arduino?
(a) Scratch
(b) IDE
(c) MS Paint
(d) Inkscape
Answer:
(b) IDE

Question 18.
Which statement is true about robots?
(a) They are only used in movies
(b) They cannot be programmed
(c) They follow coded instructions
(d) They do not need sensors
Answer:
(c) They follow coded instructions

Question 19.
What makes a robot ‘smart’?
(a) Steel body
(b) AI and sensors
(c) Large size
(d) Coloured wires
Answer:
(b) AI and sensors

Question 20.
A robot responds to its environment using ______________ .
(a) Paint
(b) RAM
(c) Sensors
(d) Graphics
Answer:
(c) Sensors

(Select two correct answers from the options)
Question 21.
Which of the following are main parts of a robot?
(a) Printer
(b) Controller
(c) Actuator
(d) Display
(e) Mouse
Answer:
(b) Controller & (c) Actuator

Question 22.
Which statements are true about robots?
(a) Robots always look like humans
(b) Robots follow programmed instructions
(c) Robots can sense their environment
(d) Robots cannot perform surgery
(e) Robots are only used in factories
Answer:
(b) Robots follow programmed instructions & (c) Robots can sense their environment

Question 23.
Examples of robots used in daily life include:
(a) Automatic vacuum cleaner
(b) Smart agricultural drone
(c) Washing machine
(d) Electric bulb
(e) Smartphone charger
Answer:
(a) Automatic vacuum cleaner & (b) Smart agricultural drone

Question 24.
Which of these are types of robots?
(a) Space robots
(b) Medical robots
(c) Racing robots
(d) Toy trains
(e) Desktop computers
Answer:
(a) Space robots & (b) Medical robots

Question 25.
What are functions of a robot’s sensors?
(a) Increase speed
(b) Send power
(c) Detect surroundings
(d) Provide data to controller
(e) Store programs
Answer:
(c) Detect surroundings & (d) Provide data to controller

Question 26.
Robots can be used in which of the following sectors?
(a) Education
(b) Space research
(c) Music recording
(d) TV broadcasting
(e) Cartoon making
Answer:
(a) Education & (b) Space research

Question 27.
A robot can be described as _________ and __________ .
(a) A mechanical animal
(b) A programmable machine
(c) An automatic worker
(d) A sound recorder
(e) A Bluetooth speaker
Answer:
(b) A programmable machine & (c) An automatic worker

Question 28.
Which are AI-powered tasks done by robots?
(a) Object detection
(b) Face recognition
(c) Book publishing
(d) Text translation only
(e) Water heating
Answer:
(a) Object detection & (b) Face recognition

Question 29.
Which components are connected to Arduino to control a robot?
(a) Servo motor
(b) Sensor
(c) Paintbrush
(d) Light switch
(e) DVD player
Answer:
(a) Servo motor & (b) Sensor

Question 30.
The three wires of a servo motor are used for:
(a) Ground
(b) Signal
(c) USB
(d) Data storage
(e) Voice control
Answer:
(a) Ground & (b) Signal

Question 31.
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is used to:
(a) Reduce file size
(b) Control motor rotation
(c) Set angle of servo
(d) Change battery voltage
(e) Print output
Answer:
(b) Control motor rotation & (c) Set angle of servo

Question 32.
Which statements about servo motors are correct?
(a) They rotate fully in circles
(b) They have limited rotation
(c) They use PWM signals
(d) They cannot be controlled
(e) They use five wires
Answer:
(b) They have limited rotation & (c) They use PWM signals

Question 33.
What actions are possible using Arduino?
(a) Sending emails
(b) Controlling lights
(c) Reading sensors
(d) Making phone calls
(e) Browsing websites
Answer:
(b) Controlling lights & (c) Reading sensors

Question 34.
Which are common servo motor angles?
(a) 30°
(b) 90°
(c) 180°
(d) 240°
(e) 360°
Answer:
(b) 90° & (c) 180°

Question 35.
How does Arduino help in robotics?
(a) It decorates posters
(b) It helps in coding
(c) It acts as controller
(d) It connects to printers
(e) It stores large games
Answer:
(b) It helps in coding & (c) It acts as controller

Question 36.
To power an Arduino, you can use:
(a) Pencil
(b) USB cable
(c) Battery
(d) Light sensor
(e) Thermometer
Answer:
(b) USB cable & (c) Battery

Question 37.
Which pins are used to control a servo motor?
(a) Digital pins
(b) Ground pin
(c) HDMI
(d) Audio jack
(e) Reset pin
Answer:
(a) Digital pins & (b) Ground pin

Question 38.
Which IDE features are useful for Arduino programming?
(a) Save and compile
(b) Upload to board
(c) Watch movies
(d) Paint images
(e) Listen to music
Answer:
(a) Save and compile & (b) Upload to board

Question 39.
In a servo-controlled robot, angle depends on:
(a) USB port
(b) Signal pulse duration
(c) PWM duty cycle
(d) Motor speed
(e) Audio command
Answer:
(b) Signal pulse duration & (c) PWM duty cycle

Question 40.
A smart robot differs from a simple machine because it can:
(a) Wear clothes
(b) Make decisions using AI
(c) Sense its environment
(d) Dance randomly
(e) Speak every language
Answer:
(b) Make decisions using AI & (c) Sense its environment

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Notes

Class 10 IT Chapter 6 The World of Robots Notes

Working of Robot
Robots can perform complex tasks quickly and accurately for extended periods without tiring.

These machines come in different sizes and shapes, designed to suit specific tasks and environments. Robots can take forms such as small vehicles, birds, animals, human hands, and even full human-like figures.

Robots recognize their surroundings and analyze the information they recognize. Based on the analyzed information and the instructions they receive, they make decisions and act independently

Components of a. Robotic System

• Robots use sensors (input devices) to perceive their surroundings.
• Sensors collect data, which is processed by microcontrollers or microprocessors.
• The choice of processor depends on the volume and complexity of data.
• More complex data requires scaling up processor efficiency and quantity.
• The robot’s control unit manages output devices based on processed data.
• Output devices include LEDs, buzzers, display units, motors, etc.
• Devices enabling automatic movement in robots are called actuators.
• Common actuators include servo motors and stepper motors.

ROBOTICS (റോബോട്ടിക്സ്)
Robotics is the science that studies the design, construction, operation,and control of robots using appropriate software. It combines electronics, mechanical engineering, and computer science. Knowledge in these diverse fields is essential for building robots. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence technology is also driving significant progress in the field of robotics today.

Microcontroller
Programmable microcontroller chips act as the brains of robots. It is a small computer integrated into a single chip. It contains the main components of a computer system, including the processor, RAM, ROM, and input/ output interfaces, all within the microcontroller chip.

Arduino
Arduino is a world famous open-source hardware/software platform. Arduino was created in 2005 by a research team at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in Italy, with the aim of making physical computing devices that connect sensors, actuators and other components easier, cheaper, and more popular to build. Arduino models are available to suit different needs.

Ardunio Uno R3- Major Components and their Uses

Component	Use
Microcontroller Chip (A Tnega328p)	This part is called the brain of Arduino. It collects information and controls the devices according to the instructions.
DIGITAL I/O PINs	Collects data from input devices. Controls output devices. The pins marked with tilde (~) symbol can also be used for Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
USB Port	For connecting to computer to upload programs and transfer data.
External Power Supply	For supplying power to the board from the battery or other external source.
5V PIN	This provides a steady 5V.
3.3V PIN	This provides a steady 3.3V.
GND	This provides the ground potential (OV) of the Arduino.
Analog Input	For measuring analog voltage.

Breadboard
A breadboard is a device that allows you to build and reuse circuits by connecting electronic components to each other without soldering. The terminals of electronic components can be attached to the holes in the breadboard. These holes are internally connected to each other using conductive wires.

LED (Light Emitting Diode)
An LED is a two-terminal electronic device belonging to the diode category that conducts electricity in only one direction and emits energy in the form of light. Electricity will flow through the LED circuit only if its anode terminal is connected to the +ve of the battery and cathode to the -ve of the battery. Typically, the anode terminal of the LED is slightly longer than the cathode. To prevent excessive current flow and potential damage to the LED, a resistor must be connected in series with the LED circuit. The resistor’s value depends on the maximum power the LED can handle and the voltage of the power source.

Programming Modes in PictoBlox
There are two ways to program Arduino using PictoBlox..

1. Upload Mode: In this mode, the program is fully uploaded to the Arduino’s memory and runs independently when powered on, without a computer.

2. Stage Mode: In this mode, the Arduino runs via USB after uploading firmware and works only when connected to a computer.

Language of Computers

• Computers understand only binary language (0 and 1).
• 0 and 1 are also represented as LOW/HIGH, FALSE/TRUE, or OFF/ON.
• These values are called bits.
• Each bit acts like a switch: ON (1) or OFF (0).
• Bits combine to represent all types of data like text, images, and videos.

Buzzer Module
This electronic component is a buzzer that produces a beep sound. It can be powered by connecting the VCC of the buzzer to the 5V of the Arduino and the GND of the buzzer to the GND of the Arduino. It beeps when the I/O pin is LOW and stops when the pin is HIGH.

Servo Motor

• It does not rotate continuously like regular motors. Rotates within a range of 0° to 180°.
• Controlled using PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals.
• Commonly used in robotics, RC vehicles, and automation.
• Has three wires:
  Red – connect to 5V (power)
  Brown – connect to GND
  Orange – control wire
• The angle of the shaft depends on the signal sent to the control wire.

IR Sensor Module
This is an electronic component that is used to detect obstacles in front with the help of infrared waves. If an object comes in front of the IR sensor module, the OUT PIN will become LOW (OFF) and when the object moves, the OUT PIN will become HIGH (ON).

Experiment 1: LIGHTING AN LED USING ARDUINO
Objective:
To understand how to light an LED using an external power source or Arduino, and to learn about circuit construction.

Components needed:

• Ardunio UNO
• LED
• Register
• Breadboard
• Jumper Wires

Circuit Description:

• Power Source: 5 V output from Ardunio UNO.
• LED:
  • Anode (long leg) connects to 5V through a resistor.
  • Cathode (short leg) connects to GND
• Resistor: Used to limit the current to prevent burning the LED (usually 220 – 3302’ Ω)

Experiment 2: BLINKING AN LED USING ARDUINO
Objective:
To blink an LED by controlling its ON/OFF state using Ardunio programming and digital pins.

Components needed:

• Ardunio UNO
• LED
• Register
• Breadboard
• Jumper Wires
• USB Cable

Circuit Description:

• Digital Pin 13 of Ardunio connects to the LED through a resistor.
• GND connects to the LED cathode.

Software: PictoBlox Programming Steps:

1. 1. Connect Ardunio to the computer via USB.
   2. Open PictoBlox software.
   3. Select Block Coding mode.
   4. Click Board → Select Ardunio UNO.
   5. Click Connect and choose the correct COM port.
   6. Switch to Upload Mode.

Experiment 3: BUZZER SOUND SYSTEM
Objective:
To produce a beep sound at regular intervals using a buzzer and Ardunio.

Circuit Description:

• Buzzer I/O Pin → Digital Pin 8
• VCC → 5V
• GND → GND

Working:

• The buzzer beeps when LOW signal is sent.
• The buzzer beeps when HIGH signal is sent.

Project: AUTOMATIC SANITIZER DISPENSER
Objective:
To detect hand presence using an IR sensor and dispense sanitizer using a servo motor controlled by Arduino.

Components needed:

• Ardunio UNO
• IR Sensor Module
• Servo Motor (3-pin)
• Jumper Wires
• Breadboard
• Sanitizer Bottle Setup

Circuit Description:
IR Sensor:

• OUT → Digital Pin 8
• VCC → 5V
• GND → GND

Servo Motor:

• Orange (Signal) → Digital Pin 9 (PWM)
• Red → 5V
• Brown → GND

PictoBlox Programming Steps:

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
Artificial Intelligence is a technology that enables machines to learn and solve problems by imitating human intelligence and thinking skills.

Robots are growing to be able to perform tasks with precision and efficiency beyond human intelligence.

Experiment 4: SMART DOOR SYSTEM
Objective:
To build and program an automated door that uses computer vision (face detection) to open only when a human face is detected.

Components Required:

• Ardunio UNO board
• USB cable
• Servo motor (SG90 or similar)
• Jumper wires
• Maximum
• Laptop with Pictoblox installed

Circuit Description:

• Servo motoe connections:
  • Orange wire (Signal) → Digital Pin 3 (PWM) on ardunio
  • Red wire (VCC) → 5V on ardunio
  • Brown wire (GND) → GND on Ardunio
• Software Setup:

• Open Pictoblox.
  • Select Stage Mode (needed to use laptop camera).
  • Connect Arduino via USB and upload firmware.
  • Go to Add Extension → Face Detection.
  • Start creating the program using blocks.

Procedure:

1. Connect the Arduino to the laptop.
2. Make the connections of the servo motor as per the diagram.
3. In Pictoblox, upload firmware and switch to Stage Mode.
4. Add the Face Detection extension.
5. Create the script that uses:
   • Video feed from the camera
   • Detection of faces
   • Servo motor commands to open/close the door
6. Run the code and observe the door (servo) action.