Students often refer to SCERT Class 9 Social Science Notes Kerala Syllabus and Std 9 Geography Chapter 8 Along the Coast Notes Questions and Answers English Medium that include all exercises in the prescribed syllabus.
Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 8 Along the Coast
Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 8 Notes Question Answer Kerala Syllabus Along the Coast
Class 9 Geography Chapter 8 Notes Kerala Syllabus English Medium
Question 1.
Depict the coastal plain in the outline map of India and include it in ‘My own Atlas’.
Answer:
Question 2.
River deposits are less along the Western coast. Find out the reasons.
Answer:
The river deposits are less along the western coast of India primarily due to the following reasons: Narrow Coastal Plain, High Erosion Rates, Seasonal Rivers, Shorter Length of Rivers
Question 3.
Mark the three divisions of the Western Coastal Plain on the outline map of India.
Answer:
Question 4.
Collect images of the given places with the help of IT and prepare a digital album. (Fishing Harbour of Veraval, Dandi Beach, Textile Industry Such Surat and Vadodara)
Answer:
Question 5.
Konkan coastal plains receives high rainfall. Why?
Answer:
The Konkan coastal plains receive high rainfall primarily due to the influence of the Western Ghats and the southwest monsoon. During the monsoon season, moist winds from the Arabian Sea are forced to rise when they hit the Western Ghats, a phenomenon known as orographic lift.
As the air rises, it cools and condenses, leading to heavy rainfall along the Konkan coast. This region, being located on the windward side of the Western Ghats, receives a significant amount of rainfall, often exceeding 3000 mm annually. Additionally, the presence of the sea ensures a continuous supply of moisture-laden winds, enhancing the intensity of the monsoons in the area. These geographical and climatic factors make the Konkan coastal plains one of the rainiest regions in India.
Question 6.
Identify the major ports located along the Konkan coast and include in it ‘My Own Atlas’.
Answer:
Question 7.
Collect images of the major beaches in Kerala with the help of IT and prepare a digital album.
Answer:
Question 8.
Identify and list the two divisions of the Eastern coastal plains. Find their location and add to ‘My own Atlas’.
Answer:
Question 9.
Ports are less along the Eastern coast. What may be the reasons?
Answer:
Ports are less along the eastern coast due to a combination of geographical and environmental factors. The coast has a wide and shallow continental shelf, making it difficult for large ships to approach the shore, as deep-water ports are essential for handling such vessels.
Additionally, major rivers like the Ganga and Godavari deposit large amounts of silt, leading to delta formation, which obstructs navigable channels and requires constant dredging. The region is also more prone to cyclones, which can disrupt port operations and damage infrastructure. Unlike the western coast, the eastern coast lacks natural harbours, making the development and maintenance of ports more challenging.
Question 10.
With the help of an Atlas, find the major ports on the coastal regions of India and include in ‘My Own Atlas.
Answer:
Question 11.
Identify the island groups and complete the table.
| Island | Sea |
| Lakshadweep | (a) |
| (b) | Bay of Bengal |
Answer:
(a) – Arabian Sea
(b) – Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Question 12.
Collect images of landforms created by wave action and prepare a digital album ușing IT.
Answer:
Question 13.
What is the reason for getting high amount of rainfall in the Western coast during Southwest monsoon?
Answer:
The Western Coast of India receives heavy rainfall during the Southwest monsoon due to the Western Ghats, which block the monsoon winds coming from Arabian Sea and cause them to ascend the slopes.
Question 14.
Coromandel coasts receive rainfall from the Northeast monsoon winds. Find reasons.
Answer:
The northeast monsoon winds that pick up moisture from the Bay of Bengal are blocked by the mountains. Therefore, because of the obstruction created by the Eastern Ghats to these winds, the Coromandel coast receives rainfall during the winter season. The Coromandel coast receives rainfall from the Retreating Monsoon during the winter season.
Question 15.
Alluvial soil is found mostly in the Eastern coast. Why?
Answer:
Alluvial soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast. This soil is particularly found in the deltas made by river Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and the Kavery. Alluvial soil is formed by the deposits made by the rivers during its flow from upper course to lower course.
Question 16.
Find out the reason for the development of different types of soils on each coast.
Answer:
The development of different types of soils on the eastern and western coasts of India is influenced by several factors such as climate, topography, vegetation, and the nature of the parent rock.
Question 17.
Examine the table given below. Identity the soil types in the coastal areas and the islands. Prepare notes after gathering additional information and present it in the class room.
| Coast | Soil type |
| Gujarat Coast | Black soil, Coastal alluvial soil, Saline soil |
| Konkan Coast | Black soil, Laterite soil |
| Malabar Coast | Alluvial soil, Peat soil |
| Eastern Coast | Coastal Alluvial soil, Delta alluvial soil |
| Lakshadweep | Coral sandy soil |
| Andaman & Nicobar Island | Marine sandy soil and Alluvial soil |
Answer:
Coastal areas and islands exhibit a range of soil types, each with unique characteristics that influence the local ecosystem and agricultural potential.
- One of the most common soils in coastal regions is alluvial soil, which is found in river deltas and coastal plains. It is highly fertile, rich in minerals, and supports crops like rice and sugarcane.
- Sandy soil, predominant along beaches, is less fertile due to its coarse texture and low water retention. However, with proper irrigation and fertilization, it can support the growth of crops like coconut and cashew.
- In regions with heavy rainfall, particularly along the western coast, laterite soil is prevalent. This red or yellow soil is rich in iron and aluminium but generally poor in nutrients, making it necessary to improve its fertility for crops like tea, coffee, and cashew.
- Black soil, also found in some coastal areas, is known for its ability to retain moisture and is ideal for crops like cotton and sugarcane.
- Coastal wetlands and mangroves are characterized by marshy soil, which is waterlogged and rich in organic matter but often saline, limiting its use to salt-tolerant crops like rice.
- Saline soil is found in areas affected by seawater intrusion. This soil has a high salt content and poor fertility, but with proper treatment, it can be used to grow certain salt-tolerant crops. Each of these soil types plays a vital role in shaping the agricultural practices -and natural vegetation of coastal and island regions.
Question 18.
Population density is low in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Find out the reason.
Answer:
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands exhibit a low population density primarily due to their mountainous terrain, semi-arid climate, and remoteness. The rugged, mountainous landscape presents significant challenges for accessibility and habitation, making it difficult for large populations to settle and thrive. Additionally, the islands’ semi-arid climate limits agricultural potential, restricting food production and sustaining a larger community.
Furthermore, their isolation from the mainland contributes to their remoteness, resulting in limited access to resources, economic opportunities, and infrastructure development. Together, these factors create an environment that discourages large-scale settlement and leads to a sparse population across the islands.
Along the Coast Expanse Class 9 Extended Activities
Question 1.
Visit your nearest coastal area and find out how coastal landscape characteristics influence human life. Prepare a questionnaire for data collection.
Answer:
- What is the name of the coastal area you live in?
- How long have you lived in this area?
- What type of coastal landscape do you live near?
- How would you describe the overall condition of the coastal landscape?
- How does the coastal landscape affect your daily activities?
- Do you participate in any coastal activities? If yes, please specify
- How do you think the coastal landscape impacts the local economy?
- Have you experienced any environmental challenges related to the coastal landscape? If yes, please describe
Question 2.
Collect pictures of different coastal landforms across Indian coastal area by using information technology and prepare a digital album.
Answer:
Std 9 Geography Chapter 8 Notes Kerala Syllabus Extra Question Answer
Question 1.
How can the coastal plains of India be divided on the basis of location and physiographic characteristics? Explain.
Answer:
The coastal plains of India can be divided into two: the Western Coastal Plain and the Eastern Coastal Plain.
The western coastal plain is a narrow strip of land lying between the peninsular plateau and the Arabian Sea. This coastal plain stretching from Kachchh in Gujarat to Kanyakumari for about 1840 km, having width between 10 and 15 kms. It is a submerged coast. The backwaters found along the coasts, which are also called Kayals.The Western Coastal Plain can be divided in to three.
- Gujarat Coast
- Konkan Coast and
- Malabar Coast.
Eastern Coastal Plain is a relatively wider coastal area lying between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. The Eastern coastal plains from the Mahanadi delta region to Kanyakumari, having a length of about 1800 km, were formed as a result of the depositional processes by peninsular rivers like Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri. It is an Emerged Coast. This coastal plain consists of the deltas of Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri rivers.
Question 2.
What are some of the key economic activities found on the Konkan Coast?
Answer:
Key economic activities on the Konkan Coast include natural harbours like Nhavasheva and Mormugao, fishing harbours like Malpe, shipyards, tourism and industrial centres.
Question 3.
Explain Rann of Kachchh.
Answer:
It is a salt marsh in the India-Pak border region of Kachchh. ‘Rann’ in Gujarati means desert. They become water-logged marshes during the rainy season and turn into dry salt desert areas later. The Rann of Kachchh, with white salty sand, is a salt desert. This marshland covering an area of about 26,000 sq. km has two parts, Greater Rann and Little Rann.
Question 4.
What are the two main divisions of the Eastern Coastal Plain, and where do they extend?
Answer:
The two main divisions of the Eastern Coastal Plain are the Northern Circars, which extend from the Mahanadi Delta to the Krishna Delta, and the Coromandel Coast, which extends from the Krishna River Delta to Kanyakumari.
Question 5.
What types of economic activities are prominent in the Northern Circar Coast?
Answer:
Prominent economic activities in the Northern Circar Coast include rice cultivation in regions like Srikakulam, East Godavari, and West Godavari, as well as fishing harbours like Vishakhapatanam and Masulipatanam.
Question 6.
What makes the Coromandel Coast suitable for agriculture, and what is one notable feature located there?
Answer:
The fertile deltaic alluvium in the Coromandel Coast makes it suitable for rice cultivation. Additionally, Pulikat Lake, an important lake, is located on this coast, along with India’s rocket launching station, Sriharikota.
Question 7.
What are some key features of the Gujarat coastal plains, and which rivers contribute to its formation?
Answer:
The Gujarat coastal plains include marshland, the Rann of Kachchh, small to large islands, peninsulas, straits, marshes, tidal creeks, and hills. They are formed as a result of alluvial deposition by rivers like the Mahi and Sabarmati.
Question 8.
How far are the Lakshadweep Islands located from the Kerala coast, and what are they primarily formed by?
Answer:
The Lakshadweep Islands are located about 280 to 480 km from the Kerala coast and are primarily formed by coral reefs.
Question 9.
What geographical feature separates the Andaman Islands from the Nicobar Islands, and what is significant about Barren Island?
Answer:
The 10 Degree Channel separates the Andaman Islands from the Nicobar Islands. Barren Island is significant because it is the only active volcano in India.
Question 10.
What are some of the major tourist attractions and geomorphic features of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands?
Answer:
Major tourist attractions and geomorphic features of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands include coral reefs, beaches, limestone caves, sandy beaches, rocky outcrops, sea arches, cliffs, and tidal creeks.
Question 11.
Define Lagoons.
Answer:
Lagoons are shallow water bodies along the coasts that are separated from the sea either by sandbars or coral reefs.
Question 12.
Cliffs is one of the landforms formed by sea waves. Write any other two. Explain.
Answer:
- As a result of the erosional process by waves, small holes develop in the coastal rocks. These holes get enlarged over a period of time and form the Sea caves.
- When the roof of a sea arch collapses through continued erosion, then the seaward part of the arch stands detached from the shore and remains as a pillar. This is called the Sea stack.
Question 13.
Why do coastal regions of India have a moderate climate despite being in the Tropical Zone?
Answer:
Coastal regions of India experience a moderate climate due to the maritime effect. The proximity to the sea causes these regions to avoid extreme temperatures, as the sea cools and heats up more slowly than the land. This moderates the temperature, preventing it from becoming too hot or too cold.
Question 14.
What role do the monsoon winds play in influencing the coastal climate of India?
Answer:
Monsoon winds, especially the Southwest Monsoon, first hit the islands and coastal areas of India.
The Western Ghats force these winds to rise, causing heavy rainfall along the Western coastal plains. Monsoon winds greatly influence rainfall patterns and temperature in coastal areas.
Question 15.
Which months does the Coromandel Coast receive rainfall, and why?
Answer:
The Coromandel Coast receives rainfall during the months of October and November, due to the retreat of the monsoon winds. This is the post-monsoon season when winds change direction, bringing rain to the Eastern coast.
Question 16.
What types of soil are commonly found on the Western coasts of India?
Answer:
The Western coasts of India typically have sandy soil, yellow and red laterite soil, black clayey soil, and peaty soil due to the depositional activity of rivers and waves.
Question 17.
Which type of soil is commonly found in the Eastern coastal areas of India, and what other soils can also be found there?
Answer:
Alluvial soil is commonly found in the Eastern coastal areas, and sandy laterite soil and black soils are also found in some places.
Question 18.
Differentiate between Land breeze and Sea breeze.
Answer:
| Land breeze | Sea breeze |
| In coastal regions, the land heats up quickly during day time. | During night time, due to the relatively rapid cooling, high pressure develops over the land. |
| As a result, the air above the land rises up and develops low pressure, whereas the sea is comparatively cooler than the land and a high pressure is developed over the sea. | But because the sea is relatively warmer than the land, it will develop low pressure. |
| Hence air blows from the high-pressure area of sea to the low-pressure area of land. | Then the wind blows from the high-pressure area of land to the low-pressure area of the sea. |
Question 19.
Why mangroves knowns as the lungs of the coasts?
Answer:
Mangroves are known as the “lungs of the coast” because they play a vital role in protecting coastal ecosystems. They serve as breeding grounds for various species of fish and other marine life, providing a habitat for numerous organisms. Additionally, mangroves protect coastal land and people from natural disasters like cyclones and tsunamis, acting as a natural barrier. By maintaining the balance of marine life and safeguarding coastal areas, they help ensure the health of the environment, much like how lungs help maintain the health of the human body.
Question 20.
Classify into dry coastal and wet coastal vegetation from the following.
Mangroves, Salt marsh plants, Rocky strand vegetation, Sea weed, Coral plants, Sandy strand vegetation, Sea grass.
Answer:
| Dry Coastal Vegetation | Wet Coastal Vegetation |
| • Sandy strand vegetation • Rocky strand vegetation |
• Mangroves • Salt marsh plants • Sea weed • Sea grass • Coral plants |
Question 21.
What types of minerals are found in the coastal regions of India?
Answer:
Indian coastal regions have large deposits of metallic and non-metallic minerals of industrial value. The main minerals found are iron ore, manganese, and bauxite.
Question 22.
What rare earth mineral found in coastal black sand, and why is it important?
Answer:
Monazite is a rare earth mineral found in coastal black sand. It is important because it is an ore of uranium, which is used as an atomic fuel.
Question 23.
Where are black sand deposits found in India?
Answer:
Black sand deposits are found in Chavara, located in Kollam District of Kerala, and along some beaches in Odisha and Tamil Nadu.
Question 24.
Why is the Indian coastal region densely populated?
Answer:
The Indian coastal region is densely populated because many factors influencing population distribution are favourable. These factors include an equitable climate, plains suitable for agriculture, well-developed transportation, employment opportunities like agriculture, fishing, tourism, and the presence of water resources, mineral deposits, and industries.
Question 25.
How does the population density differ between the Lakshadweep Islands and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands?
Answer:
The Lakshadweep Islands have a higher population density than the national average, while the Andaman and Nicobar Islạnds have a low population density.
Question 26.
What are the main economic activities of people living in the coastal region?
Answer:
The main economic activities of people living in the coastal region are agriculture and fishing. Other important activities include mineral-based industries, shipbuilding, fish processing, salt manufacturing, and tourism.
Question 27.
Why are ports important for the economic development of coastal regions?
Answer:
Ports play a crucial role in the economic development of coastal regions as they facilitate exports and imports of industrial products and raw materials, boosting trade and industry.