Motion in Daily Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 8 Kerala Syllabus

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Class 6 Basic Science Chapter 8 Motion in Daily Life Question Answer Notes

Basic Science Class 6 Chapter 8 Question Answer Notes Motion in Daily Life

Motion in Daily Life Class 6 Questions and Answers Notes

Let’sAssess

Question 1.
Which of the following statements are true? Correct the wrong ones.
(a) Force must be applied to increase and decrease the speed of motion of an object.
(b) Gears are used only to increase speed.
(c) All objects on the earth that are assumed to be at rest are moving along with the earth.
(d) The turning of the hand of the clock is linear motion.
Answer:
(a) True
(b) Gears are used to increase or decrease speed
(c) True
(d) The turning of the hand of the clock is circular motion.

Question 2.
Examine the given movements. Is there a different movement among these? Why? Motion of a swing, motion of a cradle, motion of the pendulum of a clock, motion of the prongs of a tuning fork.
Answer:
Motion of the prongs of a tuning fork-Motion is in the form of a vibration. (Fast oscillations are executed). All other motions are the usual oscillatory motion where object moves to both sides about the equilibrium position and the oscillations are comparatively slower.

Question 3.
A straight line is drawn using a scale. Which of the following motion is similar to the motion of the pen at that time?
(a) Movement of wiper of vehicles
(b) Movement of a compass while drawing a circle
(c) Movement of a lift
(d) Motion of a stone thrown away
Answer:
(c) Movement of a lift

Basic Science Class 6 Chapter 8 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus

Question 1.
You might have seen various rides in parks. The picture shows different rides in such a park.

Answer:

• Giant wheel
• Rotating horse ride(Carousel)
• Car ride
• Toy train ride

Each of these rides differs from one another.

Question 2.
Imagine that you are on a rotating giant wheel w ith your friend. When the giant wheel rotates, don’t you also move along with it? Do people in the train ride also move like this?
Answer:
Yes,when the giant wheel rotates we also move with it.People in giant wheel moves in a circular path when it rotates(Specific seat of a person in cabin does not change in the giant wheel,but the position of cabin change when compared with the wheel or ground).

The people in train ride also move along with the train,(specific seat of a person in a bogie is not changingjbut with respect to ground they are said to be moving). Normally the train executes a straight line motion.

Question 3.
What about the movement of those in dashing cars?
Answer:
The people in dashing car move in different directions.

Question 4.
Other than this, we see many movements around us. Write some other movements seen around you.
Answer:

• Motion of a cycle
• Motion of a swing
• Motion of hands of a clock

Question 5.
Why do we say that these are moving?
Answer:
We say that an object is moving, as there a change between its initial position and that after a while.

Question 6.
Three positions of a flying bird are shown in the picture given below. Observe the picture. Hasn’t the position of the bird changed? Based on this, can you explain motion?

Answer:
Yes.the position of the bird has changed. We can see that the bird is at each different position after a while. We can say that motion is the change in position of an object.

Motion is the change in position of an object
There is change in position of the object in all the movements you have observed. All the objects around us does not move.

Question 7.
Which objects do not seem to move? Write them
Answer:

• A book on the table
• A chair in the room
• A person sitting

Question 8.
Why do you consider these as not moving?
Answer:
It is because their initial position is not changing after a while. That is the position of the object remains unchanged.
State of rest is a state in which the position of an object does not change.

Question 9.
With respect to the child in the giant wheel does the co-rider have a change in position? What about the change in their position with reference to the child standing below?

Answer:
With respect to the child in the giant wheel, the co-rider is always next to the child. That means there is no change in position.
With reference to the child standing below on the ground, the children in the giant wheel is moving as their position change with respect to him.

It is in the relation to another object that an object is said to be in motion or not. There is no change in position for the child in the giant wheel with respect to the co-rider. On the other hand, all the children in the giant wheel have change in position with respect to the child standing below.

An object can be said to be in motion only in relation to another body or position. The body used for this purpose is called reference body.

Question 10.
Observe the picture of the school sports meet and complete the table below.


Answer:

Context	Motion		Reference object	Reason
	Yes	No
Child sitting in the gallery		✓	gallery	The position does not change with respect to the gallery
Children running	✓		Children sitting in gallery	The position changes with respect to children sitting in the gallery
The child standing near the gallery		✓	gallery	The position does not change with respect to the gallery
Children running	✓		tree	The position changes with respect to tree

Question 11.
Analyse the table.
(a) Who among these are moving?
Answer:
The children who are running are moving.

(b) On what basis are they found to be in motion?
Answer:
It is based on a position that an object is found to be moving or at rest. Children are said to be in motion based on their change in position.

Question 12.
You may have noticed moving objects and objects at rest in everyday life. Record some moving objects and the objects at rest that you know.
Answer:

Moving objects	Objects at rest
Fish swimming in the pond Car moving on the road Flowing water Birds flving	House Rock Book on a table A vehicle parked on roadside

Question 13.
On what basis do you say that each moving object is in motion?
Answer:
We say an object is in motion when it changes its position with respect to a reference body.

Question 14.
How do you say that object at rest are not moving?
Answer:
It does not change the position with respect to a reference body.

Question 15.
You may have observed the movements of birds and animals. Do all of them have similar movements?
Answer:
All of them have different types of movements.

Question 16.
How does a frog move?
Answer:
Frog jumps from one place to another.

Question 17.
How about mabuya?
Answer:
Mabuya(a type of lizard) usually walks.runs using their four limbs or wriggles(twisting or bending of body).

Question 18.
Haven’t you seen domestic animals like cats, dogs and cattle taking rest? Don’t their body parts move even when they are at rest? Have you noticed the movements in their body when they are breathing? Discuss.
Answer:
Yes.
Their body parts move even when they are at rest.
The chest and abdomen part of cats and dogs move up and down while breathing.

Question 19.
Everyone be silent and close your eyes for a while and listen to the movements within your own body. Which are the movements you have recognized?
Answer:
Heartbeat, breathing, blinking, fingers or toes moving slightly.

Question 20.
What are the other movements that take place within the body?

Answer:

Organ	Various movements
Heart	Heartbeat
Lungs	Breathing
Abdomen	Movement of muscles

Blood circulation, movement of food during digestion, elimination of excretory products are some of the other movements that take place within the body.
The very existence of life is through the coordination of various rhythmic movements

Question 21.
Observe the picture.

Do the children make the same movements while they play in the park?
Answer:
No, the children make different movements.

Question 22.
Through discussion, find out the type of motion that takes place in each equipment and complete the table given below.

Answer:

Equipment	Characteristic of motion
Swing	To and fro motiontor back and forth motion)
Rotating disc	Circular motion
Slider	Straight line motion
Seesaw	Ud and down motion

Question 23.
What do you observe?
Answer:
The balloon moves to the left side along the twine, (in the direction opposite to that of escaping air)

Question 24.
How did the balloon move?
Answer:
The balloon move in a straight line along the twine.
Linear motion is motion of an object along a straight line.

Question 25.
Find examples of linear motion in the movements you see every day and present them in the class.
Answer:

• A car moving on a straight road
• A lift moving up or down
• A train moving on a straight track
• A stone dropped from a height

Question 26.
How does it move? Discuss the observations.
Answer:
It moves about its own axis. Pencil acts as the axis here and ball rotates about the pencil.
Rotational motion is the movement of objects about their own axis. It is the rotational motion of the earth that causes day and night.

Question 27.
Haven’t you observed the movement of the second hand of a clock? How does it move?
Answer:
The second hand of a clock moves in a circular path.

Question 28.
What about the second hand of a w atch?
Answer:
The second hand of a watch moves in a circular path.

Question 29.
Don’t they move in a circular path about a point?
Answer:
Yes

Question 30.
Aren’t the kids in a giant wheel also moving in a circular path?
Answer:
Yes. The kids in a giant wheel are also moving in a circular path.

Question 31.
Find out the rides moving in a circular path in the children’s park and write
Answer:

• Cabin in a merry-go round (carousel)
• Cup in a rotating cup ride
• Toy train ride(in a circular track)

Circular motion is the motion of objects in a circular path.

Question 32.
Observe the surroundings to find more examples of circular motion and write them in the Science Diary.
Answer:
Motion of

• The second hand of a clock or watch
• Ceiling fan blades
• Mixer or grinder blades
• Swirling a stone tied at end of a rope
• Satellites orbiting roun the Earth.

Question 33.
What is the peculiarity of the motion of a swing?
Answer:
The swings moves to and fro from a fixed position. This motion is repeated in a regular interval of time.

Question 34.
What are the characteristics of the motion you have observed?
Answer:
The movement of the stone to either side is with respect to the equilibrium position.

Question 35.
How are such movements known?
Answer:
Such movements are known as oscillation.
Oscillation is the movement of an object to both sides about the equilibrium position.

Question 36.
Find more examples of oscillation and discuss them in the class.
Answer:

• Movement of pendulum of a pendulum clock
• Movement of spring
• Motion of a child on a swing
• Motion of a hanging lamp.
• Motion of wiper in vehicles

Question 37.
What happens if the object in oscillation moves fast about the equilibrium position?
Answer:
The object starts vibrating

Question 38.
Try to do the following activities
Materials Required: Steel scale, tuning fork, rubber hammer, rubber band

• Press one end of the steel scale on the table. Press the other end downward and then release. Observe the movement of the scale.
• Stretch a rubber band on either side with your friend and tap it in the middle. Observe the movement of the rubber band.
• Take a tuning fork from the science lab. Hit on one of the prongs with a rubber hammer. Observe the movement of the prongs.

Discuss the characteristics of the movements you have observed.
Answer:
In all these three activities, we can observe fast movements and they start vibrating. The movements were rapid, repeated, and regular, and each object returned again and again to its original position.

Question 39.
What change did you observe when the speed of oscillation was increased?
Was there any sound?
Answer:
When the speed of oscillation increased, the objects started to vibrate faster. A faint sound was produced when the vibrations was quicker.

Quick oscillation is vibration. Various types of vibrations are occurring around us. Music is produced by vibrating different parts of musical instruments.

Question 40.
Find more examples for vibration and discuss them in the class.
Answer:

• Vibration of strings of musical instruments
• Vibration of stretched membrane of a drum
• Vibration of a tuning fork
• Vibration of diaphragm in speakers
• Vibration is quick oscillation.

Question 41.
Instruments making use of different types of motion are given below. Complete the table by experiences.
Answer:
When we ride a cycle, different parts execute different types of motion. The pedals rotate about its axis and also move in circular path. It executes rotational and circular motion. The wheels move in a circular path (circular motionjand at the same time, the cycle moves forward (straight-line motion).

Question 43.
Let’s Make A Toy Fan
Materials Required: Ice cream ball, string, thin umbrella rod (15 cm long), bead, pet bottle, stencil cutter/paper cutter, coconut leaf midrib Make fan leaves using the upper portion of the pet bottle with lid as shown in the picture.
Make small holes on the lid, bottom and string at the centre of the rod. Pull it out through the hole on the side of the ice cream ball.
Tie a small coconut leaf midrib at the end of the string. Insert the rod fixed with the fan through the hole on the lid of the ice cream ball.
Wind the string around the rod. Then insert the end of the rod through the hole at the bottom of the ice cream ball. Pull the end of the string and operate the device.
Observe the movements at each part of this instrument. Placing a smooth bead between the fan and the ice cream ball will make the rotation even smoother.

Which are the different types of motion that take place in the different parts of the toy fan such as the rod, fan and string? Discuss your findings.
Answer:

• Rod -It rotates around its axis when the fan spins. So it executes rotational motion.
• Fan blades – Move in a circular path. It executes circular motion.
• String – When pulled, it moves back and forth in a straight line. (Linear motion)

Question 44.
Which are the types of motion that occur when a toy car moves?
Answer:

• Rotational motion – The wheels of the toy car rotate.
• Linear motion – The toy car moves forward in a straight line.
• Both rotational and linear motion is executed at the same time.

Question 45.
What type of motion occurs in the wheels?
Answer:
Rotational motion

Question 46.
What is the type of motion of the car when the wheels move?
Answer:
Linear motion

Question 47.
What must be done to move an object at rest?
Answer:
It should be pushed or pulled.

Question 48.
Place a notebook on the table. How can it be moved?
Answer:
By pushing or pulling it.

Question 49.
Isn’t force applied during pushing or pulling?
Answer:
Yes

Question 50.
You might have observed the movement of the ball in a football match. How is the ball moved?
Answer:
The ball is being kicked. The ball moves according to the force applied by each player on the ball. According to the force applied, the ball undergoes different types of motion.

Question 51.
Haven’t you understood that we apply force not only to move the ball but also to change its direction?
Answer:
Yes

Question 52.
What relationship could you find between the motion and speed of the football and the force applied on it?
Answer:
When we apply a greater force to the football, it moves faster and covers a greater distance.
When we apply a smaller force, the football moves with lesser speed.
As the force applied increases ,the speed increases and vice versa.
Let’s Bring it to Rest

Question 53.
Let a child roll a ball on the floor. Let another child try to stop the ball. What did the child apply to stop the ball? Isn’t it necessary to apply force to bring moving objects to rest also?
Answer:
Child applied force to stop the ball.
Yes. It is necessary to apply force to bring moving objects to rest.
Force and Motion
Force should be applied to move an object at rest and to bring a moving object to rest. Force needs to be applied to change the speed and direction of moving objects.

Question 54.
Find exercises from your ‘Health and Physical Education’ book that utilise various types of movements. Practice them at home and school.
Answer:
Some exercises and motion related to them is given below Circular motion

• Arm circles
• Neck circles
• Waist circles

Oscillatory Motion

• Swinging arms forward and backward.
• Leg swings – moving one leg back and forth.
• Hopping in place – body moves up and down repeatedly.

Rotational Motion

• Shoulder rolls – rotating shoulders in a circular path.
• Hip rotation -turning hips around a fixed point.

Question 55.
Can force applied in one place be made available in another place to make movement possible? Are there any instruments working in this way?
Answer:
Yes. Force applied in one place can be made available in another place to make movement possible.

Yes, examples of instruments working this way are

• Bicycle -Force on pedal makes the wheels turn.
• Flour mill – Motor’s force moves the grinding stones.
• Hand pump – Pushing the handle moves water up.

Question 56.
Check the movement of a bicycle. Which are the parts of a cycle? Discuss.

Answer:
The main parts of bicycle are pedal, small and big gears, handlebars, chain and wheels.

Question 57.
While cycling, which are the different types of motion that occur in the following parts?
Answer:

Part of the bicycle	Types of motion
Pedal	Circular and Rotational motion
Big gear	Rotational motion
Small gear	Rotational motion
Chain	Linear motion
Wheels	Rotational motion

Question 58.
While cycling, force is applied on the pedal of the bicycle. Which part is moved by the force applied on the pedal? How does it move the two wheels and there by the bicycle? Discuss.
Answer:
When we apply a force on the pedal of a bicycle, the chain ring connected to the pedal starts turning. This movement is transferred to the back wheel through the chain, making the back wheel rotate. As the back wheel turns, it pushes the bicycle forward. The front wheel also turns as the bicycle moves, helping in steering and balance.

Question 59.
Doesn’t the lid B also rotate?
Answer:
Yes lid B also rotates.
Similarly repeat the activity by arranging the rubber bands to C and D. Compare the speed of rotational motion of the lids B, C and D in each case.

Question 60.
Which one is faster?
Answer:
Lid D rotates faster

Question 61.
Which one is slower?
Answer:
Lid B rotates slower

Question 62.
Is there any difference in the speed of movement when the same sized lids (A, C) are rotated? What is your inference? Discuss and write.

Answer:
No. As the lids A and C are of the same size, they speed of movement is the same when connected with the rubber band.


Rotating a smaller wheel using a bigger wheel increases the speed and rotating a bigger wheel using a smaller wheel decreases the speed. Gears are used in vehicles in the same manner. In bicycle also, bigger gear is used to rotate the smaller gear.
Gears are inevitable parts for the functioning of vehicles and machinery . In a gear system, wheels of different sizes are usually used. These systems are used for increasing and decreasing the speed.

Question 63.
Observe the pictures given below. Which system should be used to decrease the speed? Which one for increasing the speed?

Answer:

We live in a dynamic world. All bodily processes involve some form of movement. Movement may be fast or slow. Force should be applied to move objects, change their direction and stop-moving objects. Force applied in one place is transferred to another place to make motion possible.

Class 6 Basic Science Chapter 8 Question Answer Extended Activities

Question 1.
Make the devices as shown in the figures below and arrange them. Operate each of them. Observe the different types of motion and find out the differences between them.

Answer:
In figure (a), the motion is oscillatory, where the ball moves to and fro from its mean position.
In figure (b), The marble executes a linear motion through the wiring channel.
In figure (c), the rubber band vibrates .
In figure (d) the ball rotates on its axis. Here, nail acts like the axis.

In figure (e), the ball moves through the circular path in between the two bangles. So it executes circular motion.
The main difference between types of motion lies in the path taken by the object. In linear motion the object moves in a straight line. In Circular and rotational motion, the object moves along a circular path. Oscillation and vibration are where the object moves back and forth about a mean position. Oscillation being slower with larger back-and-forth motion and vibration with very fast oscillation.

Question 2.
There might be saw mills or flour mills in your locality. Visit them and try to understand how movement from one place is transferred to another and also the difference in movements.
Answer:
Hint
The motion of the flourmill starts from the motor. In a saw mill or flour mill, a motor produces rotational motion. In mill ,the smaller wheel moves faster. Motion of the wheel is rotational Motion. Rotation of wheel of is transferred to other parts through axle, belt and wheel, pulleys or gears. Some parts, like wheels and blades, grinding stone show rotational motion, while others, like moving wood (through belts) or vibrating screens, show linear or oscillatory motion. Large parts rotate slowly, and smaller parts rotate faster. Thus, movement is transferred from one part to another, and different parts show different types of motion depending on their function.

Question 3.
There are different types of movements in a sewing machine. Find out the different movements in each part.
Answer:
Some important parts and the movements associated with an old model seeing machine is given below.

• Two wheels -rotational motion
• Needle -Linear motion
• Pedal – oscillation

(The model and parts of new model sewing machine may be slightly different. So the movements related with those parts also vary slightly.)

Motion in Daily Life Notes Pdf

Motion in Daily Life Class 6 Notes Kerala Syllabus

Introduction
Motion is a fundamental concept in science. Everything in the universe is moving. Motion is the basis of existence. When the position of an object changes continuously from other objects, it is said to be in motion. There are many types of motion of objects. Planets, clouds, buses, machines, humans, animals, etc. are all moving. All matter in the universe and their atoms move. This unit will help the learner to recognize ,define and classify the movements of nature and its surroundings in everyday life. A variety of movements are used in various devices used in everyday life. This chapter deals with topics like motion, rest, reference body, different types of motion, force and motion.

Movements Everywhere
Everything in the universe, including the planets, stars and galaxies, are moving every moment. The very existence of the universe is based on this motion. All the objects on earth that are assumed to be at rest are also moving along with the earth. Motion of an object can be explained only based on a reference body. It is only when the reference body changes, that we understand many objects that appear to be at rest are actually in motion. We have understood that some objects are said to be at rest with reference to the earth. However, the earth and all the objects on it are in motion with reference to the sun and other spheres of the solar system.

Experiments To Learn More About Tile Characteristics Of Different Types 0f Motion.

Experiment 1: Motion in a straight line
Balloon Carriage
Materials Required: Twine, straw, cello tape, balloon.
Pass a twine through a 5 cm long straw. Tie up each end of this twine at the same height in convenient places in the class. Glue the inflated balloon to the straw parallel to the twine as shown in the picture.
Release the air in the balloon.

Experiment 2
Motion about own axis
Materials Required: Ice cream ball, small sharpened pencil
Make a hole each on the lid and at the bottom of the ice cream ball and put a sharpened pencil through them as shown in the picture and tighten the lid. Keep the tip of the pencil on the floor and try to rotate it.

Experiment 3: Motion in a circular path Activity to observe the motion in a circular path.
Materials Required: Wooden scale, nail, pencil, paper Make one small hole each about a centimetre away from either end of the wooden scale. Insert a nail through one hole and fix it on a paper kept on the table so that the scale can rotate freely. Insert a pencil through the hole on the other end. Move the scale on the paper in a circular path.
Similarly draw a circle on another paper using a compass. In both these cases, the path of the pencil forms a circle. The path in the shape of a circle is called a circular path.

Experiment 4-Moving To and Fro
Materials Required: Nail, twine, stone
Using stone, nail and twine, make an instrument similar to a swing as shown in the picture and swing it. The position at which the suspended stone remains stationary is the equilibrium position.

Sound and Vibration
Sound is produced due to vibration. There will be vibration of an object behind the production of any sound. We are able to produce sound due to the vibration of the vocal cords in the larynx in our throat. When an excited tuning fork is kept near the ear. we will be able to here a sound. Music is produced in veena, violin etc., by vibrating the stretched strings in different ways. In instruments like chenda, it is the diaphragm that is vibrated. In flute and harmonium, it is the air that gets vibrated.

Make it move, change its direction
Activities to observe how the ball moves according to the force applied on it.
A child kicks a football straight across the floor. Another child hits the ball with more force and changes its direction. A third child kicks the fast-moving football upwards.
Observe its movement through the air.
We can understand that it is by applying force on the ball, that the ball undergoes different types of movements.
The first child applied the force to move the ball in a specific direction. The second child applied force and changes its direction. The third child applied force to slow it down to change its direction.

Movement And Health
Different types of motion can be utilised in health care. We also make use of different movements while exercising.

The force applied in one place can be brought to another place to make the movement possible. Belt, gear, axles etc are made use in vehicles and instruments for this purpose.
Activity
Materials Required: Wooden plank (30×20 cm), 4 plastic lids [same size (A & C)- 2, small plastic lid (D)- 1, big plastic lid (B)- 1)], nails- 4, rubber band -3.
Take one lid (A) from the same sized plastic lids (A & C). Fix it on the wooden plank using a nail as shown in the picture so that the lid A can rotate freely.
Similarly arrange the other three plastic lids (B, C, D) in a freely rotating manner using nails as shown in the picture. B, C and D are to be arranged at a specific distance from A.
Pass a rubber band from A to B and rotate the lid A.