A thorough understanding of Class 10 Biology Notes Kerala Syllabus Chapter 6 Important Questions Biology and Technology can improve academic performance.
SSLC Biology Chapter 6 Important Questions Biology and Technology
Biology and Technology Class 10 Important Questions
Question 1.
The technology used to identify the location of a gene in the DNA responsible for a particular trait is:
a) Gene therapy
b) Gene mapping
c) DNA profiling
d) DNA fingerprinting
Answer:
b) Gene mapping
Question 2.
Correct the mistakes if any in the underlined part of the given statements.
a) The complete genetic material present in an organism is called its genome.
b) Gene mapping helps to identify the location of a particular gene in the DNA.
c) The technology of testing the arrangement of nucleotides is gene therapy.
d) Interferons are the proteins used for the treatment of viral diseases.
Answer:
c) DNA fingerprinting
Question 3.
Examine the statement and the reason and choose the correct answer and write it down.
Statement: In genetic engineering, plasmids in bacteria are used as vectors.
Reason: The help of these vectors is essential for the genes to reach the target cell.
a) The statement and the reason are correct. The reason is the correct explanation of the statement.
b) The statement and the reason are correct. The reason is the incorrect explanation of the statement.
c) The statement is correct. The reason is incorrect
d) The statement is incorrect. The reason is correct
Answer:
a) The statement and the reason are correct. The reason is the correct explanation of the statement
Question 4.
Which of the following is not a part of modern genetic engineering?
a) DNA profiling
b) Gene mapping,
c) DNA fingerprinting,
d) X-ray diffraction.
Answer:
d) X-ray diffraction
Question 5.
Select the true statement about Alec Jeffrey
a) DNA testing
b) DNA mutation
c) DNA model
d) DNA X-ray diffraction.
Answer:
a) DNA testing
Question 6.
Which of the following statements regarding junk genes is correct?
a) All genes in human DNA help in making proteins.
b) Genes that help in making proteins are called junk genes.
c) Junk genes have no function.
d) Junk genes are non-functional DNA segments.
Answer:
d) Junk genes are non-functional DNA segments.
Question 7.
Check the newspaper report and answer the questions.
| Paravur Fire Tragedy: The remnants of body parts sent for DNA test to identify missed persons. |
a) What is the test indicating in this news?
b) How is it possible to identify any person from minute remnants of their body parts?
Answer:
a) DNA fingerprinting (DNA profiling or DNA Testing).
b) DNA of the skin, hair, nail, blood and other body fluid obtained from the place is compared through DNA profiling with the DNA of suspected person’s blood relatives.
Question 8.
Choose the right statement from those given below:
i) Gene mapping is a technology that identifies the location of a gene in the DNA.
ii) The sum of genetic material present in an organism is called its DNA.
iii) Enzyme Ligase is used to join the genes.
iv) Gene therapy is the technology that tests the arrangement of nucleotides.
Answer:
i) Gene mapping is a technology that identifies the location of a gene in the DNA., iii) Enzyme Ligase is used to join the genes.
Question 9.
Observe the table given below and make the appropriate pairs.
| a) DNA Profiling | i) Treatment for genetic diseases |
| b) Gene mapping | ii) Testing the arrangement of nucleotides |
| c) Gene therapy | iii) The sum of genetic matrials present in an organism |
| d) Genome | iv) Locating the position of a gene in the DNA |
Answer:
a) ii, b) iv, c) i, d) iii
| a) DNA Profiling | ii) Testing the arrangement of nucleotides |
| b) Gene mapping | iv) Locating the position of a gene in the DNA |
| c) Gene therapy | i) Treatment for genetic diseases |
| d) Genome | iii) The sum of genetic matrials present in an organism |
Question 10.
Didn’t you read the news report?
“Kollam: About 20 more bodies of those who died in the Paravoor firing incident were identified through DNA testing and handed over to their relatives.”
a) What is the basis of a DNA test?
b) How is it possible to identify relations through the DNA test?
Answer:
a) The arrangement of nucleotides in the DNA differs in different individuals
b) The arrangement of nucleotides among close relatives have many similarities.
Question 11.
Observe the illustration of bacteria and answer the questions.
a) Which part is denoted as ‘X’?
b) What is the significance of ‘X’ in the process of genetic engineering?
Answer:
a) X: Plasmid/Circular DNA of bacteria
b)
- Plasmids are used to transfer a gene from one cell to another as vectors
- Vectors that contain ligated genes enter target cells, and the new genes become a part of the genetic constitution of target cells.
Question 12.
Analyse the steps in the production of human insulin through genetic engineering and answer the questions.
Step 1. Cutting of insulin gene from human DNA
Step 2. Joining insulin gene with plasmid
Step 3. Plasmid with ligated insulin gene is inserted into bacterial cell
Step 4. Bacteria multiply in the culture medium
a) Which are the enzymes used in step 1 and 2.
b) What is the role of plasmid in this process?
c) Whether the succeeding generations of this bacterium have the ability to produce insulin.Why?
Answer:
a) Step 1: Restriction endonuclease (Genetic scissors)
Step 2: Ligase (Genetic glue)
b) A gene from one cell is transferred to another cell
c) Yes. The human insulin gene becomes part of a bacterial gene. They carry the gene responsible for insulin production in their DNA.
Question 13.
Science and technology should only be used for the good and progress of humans and non-humans. Based on this statement, should genetic engineering be promoted? Please state your opinion.
Answer:
Although there is some potential for misuse, genetic technology is a very helpful tool for human survival. Humans should only utilise it for positive purposes.
Question 14.
Gene therapy is an example of how science can help human survival.
a) What is gene therapy?
b) What discovery led to gene therapy?
c) How does gene therapy benefit humans?
Answer:
a) Gene therapy is a method of preventing genetic diseases by replacing pathogenic or defective genes from the genome with functional genes.
b) Genome mapping
c) Genetic diseases, defects, and fatal diseases can be controlled.
Question 15.
Suma murder case – trace of hair obtained from the site of incidence enabled to identify killer.-
a) Read the above news. Name the technology that helped to find the killer?
b) Cite two other uses of this technology.
Answer:
a) DNA finger printing
b)
- to solve parental dispute
- to identify culprits
- to identify persons
Question 16.
Observe the collage given below, analysis and prepare notes about it.
Answer:
It is criticised that genetically modified varieties are a threat to indigenous varieties and may cause health issues to humans. There are possibilities to use genetically modified organisms are bioweapons that might be applied any country to their enemies is called biowar. This becomes a threat to the existence of human beings.
Question 17.
The logo image of a special project that was a turning point in the history of genetics is given.
a) What is the name of this project?
b) What were the objectives of this project?
c) Explain how this project became an important milestone in the study of biology.
Answer:
a) Human Genome Project
b) The main goal of the Human Genome Project was to fully understand the human genome, the genetic material. The following were the goals for this:
- To determine the exact sequence of the approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs in the human genome.
- To understand the 20,000 – 25,000 genes in humans and where they are located.
c) The Human Genome Project became a major milestone in biology for the following reasons:
- Study of diseases
- New treatments
- The information provided by the Genome Project serves as a blueprint for biological research. It provided the basis for modern technologies such as recombinant DNA technology and CRISPR editing.
Question 18.
‘DNA fingerprinting and gene mapping are two important branches of biological technology. These technologies help in analysing the unique genetic information in DNA.’ What are the possibilities of DNA fingerprinting and gene mapping?
Answer:
DNA finger printing
- To resolve paternity disputes
- To identify missing persons when they are later found
- To identify those involved in crimes
Gene mapping:
- To understand the exact location of the genes that control each trait in the DNA.
- To perform gene therapy by removing defective genes.
- To create new species of organisms.