Teachers recommend solving Kerala Syllabus Plus One History Previous Year Question Papers and Answers Pdf June 2022 to improve time management during exams.
Kerala Plus One History Previous Year Question Paper june 2022.
Time : 2 1/2 Hours
Total Scores : 80
Question 1.
Match column ‘A’ with appropriate items from Column ‘B’ (4 × 1 = 4)
‘A’ | ‘B’ |
Flying Shuttle | James Hargreaves |
Powerloom | James Watt |
Spinning Jenny | John Kay |
Steam Engine | Edmund Cartwright |
Answer:
‘A’ | ‘B’ |
Flying Shuttle | John kay Power loom |
Powerloom | Edmund Cartwright |
Spinning Jenny | James Hargreaves |
Steam Engine | James Watt |
Question 2.
Answer any 4 of the following questions:
(i) The author of the book ‘Geography
(A) Columbas
(B) Prince Henry
(C) Prierre d’Ailly
(D) Ptolemy
Answer:
(D) Ptolemy
(ii) The school of the children of the Aztec nobility:
(A) Calmecac
(B) Quechua
(C) Quriltai
(D) Chinampas
Answer:
(A) Calmecac
(iii) Montezuma was the king of
(A) Inca
(B) Aztec
(C) Mayan
(D) Roman
Answer:
(B) Aztec
(vi) The pieta’ sculpture is associated with
(A) Lorenzo Valla
(C) Copernicus
(B) Thornas More
(D) Johannes Gutenberg
Answer:
(D) Johannes Gutenberg
(v) The author of imago Mundi’
(A) Pierre d’Ailly
(B) Vasco da Gama
(C) Americo Vespucci
(D) Pizaro
Answer:
(A) Pierre d’Ailly
(vi) ‘The pieta sculpture is assodated with
(A) Leonardo da Vinci
(B) Brunellesehi
(C) Michelangelo
(D) Avicenna
Answer:
(C) Michelangelo
Question 3.
Arrange the following in chronological order: (4 × 1 = 4)
• Establishment of the Peoples Republic of China
• First Opium War
• Long March in China
• Mathew Perry’s arrival in Japan
Answer:
- First Opium War (1839-42)
- Mathew Perry’s arrived in Japan (1853)
- Long March in China (1934)
- Exstablishment of the Peoples Republic of China (1949)
Question 4.
Mark any four of the following map of the World provided: (4 × 1 = 4)
a) Rome
b) Egypt
c) Mecca
d) Palestine
e) Mediteranian Sea 1) Red Sea
Answer:
(a) Rome
(b) Egypt
(c) Mecca
(d) Palestine
(e) Mediterranean sea
(f) Red sea
Answer any 8 questions from 5 to 14. Each carries 2 scores. (8 × 2 = 16)
Question 5.
Write any two features of the Cuniform script.
Answer:
Mesopotamians wrote on tablets of clay. A scribe would wet clay and put if into a size he could hold comfortably in one hand. He would carefully smoothen its surface. With the sharp end of a red cut obliquely, he would press wedge-shaped (cuneiform) signs on to the smoothened surface while it was still moist. Once the surface dried, signs could not be pressed on to a tablet: so each transaction, however, minor, required a separate written tablet.
Question 6.
Name any two Mesopotamian cities.
Answer:
- ur
- Mari
- Uruk
- Babylon
Question 7.
Write a note on the reforms made by The emperor Constiantine in Rome.
Answer:
- Introduced the gold coin ‘Solidus’.
- Second capital constantinople was established.
- Christianity was dedared as the official religion.
- Oil mills, glass factories, screw press and water mills were established.
Question 8.
Define Sufism.
Answer:
The rise of Sufisrn was an important event in the history of Islam in the Middle Ages. It is a reformist movement that was influenced by the Holy Quran and the life of the Prophet. The Sufis tried to understand God through asceticism and mysticism.
They denied the love of luxury shown by the society. They rejected such a rId placing their faith in God. The Sufis were mystics and believed in Pantheism. They gave importance to love and prayer. Pantheism is the belief in one God and his creations.
It means man’s soul should ultimately reach the Creator. Deep love for God is the main means of becoming one with God. It was a lady ascetic called Rabia in Basra who propagated this idea. She lived in the 9th century. She propagated the love of God through her poems.
It was an Iranian Sfi Bayasid Bisthami that taught the importance of man’s soul getting united th God. To get bliss and to raise emotions of love and devotion the Sufis used musical rhythms like Qawwali.
Question 9.
Write a note on ‘Quriltai’.
Answer:
Quiriltai was the assembly of Mongol Chieftains. It is connected with warbooty, pastoral land, hunting, postal system, law, family and nation.
Question 10.
Prepare a note on the courier system of the Mongols.
Answer:
Genghiskhan had fashioned a rapid courier system that connected the distant areas of his regime. Fresh mounts and despatch riders were placed in outposts at regularly spaced distances. For the maintenance of this courier system called ‘Yam’ the Mongol nomads contributed a tenth of their herd-either horses or livestock – as provisions. This was called the qubcur tax.
Question 11.
Define the term‘Feudalism’.
Answer:
The term ‘feudalism’ has been used by historians to describe the economic, legal, political and social relationships that existed ini medieval Europe. Derived from the German word ‘feud’ which means ‘a piece of land’.
Question 12.
Write any two features of Cathedral Towns.
Answer:
Big churches are called Cathedrals. Although the owners of these cathedrals were monasteries, many people took part in their construction. They helped the construction by giving money, labour or material. The Cathedrals were built with stones. It took years to complete the work. As the construction was in progress, the areas around it were occupied by more and more people who came to live there. Some of the cathedrals became pilgrimage centres. Around them townships came up.
Question 13.
Write a note on protestant – reformatioOn in Germany.
Answer:
Martin Luther gave leadership to the Protestant Reformation in Germeny. He started campaign against the activies of catholic church. He argued that a person did not need priests to establish contect with god. As a result the churches in Germany ard Switzerland broke all the connections with the Catholic church.
Question 14.
Write a note on Arawakiyan – Lucayos.
Answer:
The Arawakian Lucayos lived on a cluster of small islands in the Carribean sea, today known as the Bahamas, and the Greater Antilles. Skilled boat- builders, they sailed the open sea in dugout canoes. They lived by hunting, fishing and agriculture, growing corn, sweat potatoes, tubers and cassava.
Answer any 2 questions from 15 to 18. Each carries 3 scores. (2 × 3 = 6)
Question 15.
Write a note on the geographical features of Mesopotamia.
Answer:
Iraq is a land of diverse environments. In the north-east lie green, undulating plains, gradually rising to tree covered mountain ranges with clear streams and wild flowers, with enough rainfall to grow crops. In the north, there is a stretch of upland called a steppe. To the east, tributaries of the Tigris provide routes of communication into the mountains of Iran. The South is a desert. The rivers Euphrates and Tigris, which rise in the northern mountains, carry loads of silt and the desert could support the cities.
Question 16.
What is Crusades? Write any two results of it.
Answer:
The crusades are wars between the European Christians and Muslims over the question of Jerusalem. There were three important crusades. The harsher attitude of muslim states towards Christian subjects and greater influence of Italian mercantile communities in the trade between east and west are the impact of crusades.
Question 17.
What do you mean by Copernican Revolution?
Answer:
It was Copernicus, from Poland, who changed the Christian concept about the Universe which was prevalent until then. He started an astronomical revolution. He presented his views about the Universe in his famous book “De Revolutionibus” which means on the revolutions. Copernicus theorized that the sun is the centre of the solar system and the earth and other planets revolve round the sun. This is known as the Heliocentric Theory.
The theory of Copernicus was approved by people only after a long time. It was Galileo and Kepler, two famous scientists, who took his theory forward to its perfection. Johannes Kepler (1571 -1630), a German scientist, popularised the idea that the earth was a mere part of the solar system. He wrote this in his famous book “Cosmographic Mystery”. He also proved that the planets revolve round the sun not in a circular manner but in an elliptical course. This revolution in science reached its climax with Issac Newton’s theory of gravitation.
Question 18.
How did the native people of America loose their land?
Answer:
As each new European settlement developed in America, the indigenes were forced to withdraw from their land. They withdrew after signing agreements showing that they had sold their lands. They were given only petty sums for their land. The Europeans often offered bigger amounts to the indigenes but actually gave them only smaller sums when the signing was done and thus they cheated the indigenes. Even the people in authority did not feel anything wrong in getting the land from the indigenes by questionable methods.
The indigenes did not give up their land without a fight. Between 1865 and 1890, the US army had to suppress a series of riots. Around this time the Metis in Canada made an armed conflict. Later they gave up their armed struggle.
Answer any 4 questions from 19 to 24. Each carries 4 scores. (4 × 4 = 16)
Question 19.
Explain Replacement model and Regional Continuity model.
Answer:
The place of origin of the modern man has been a much discussed topic. Scholars have put forward two contradictory views on this issue. They are Regional Continuity Model and Replacement Model. Regional Continuity Model: This model says that modern people originated in different places. The early homo sapiens in many places slowly evolved as modem people and that is why the modern people in various parts of the world look different from one another at first sight. The regional differences in the features of people are the basis for such a view.
Replacement Model: This model says that modern man originated in Africa. The spokesmen of this model say that modern people appeared in place of the old species of people everywhere. As evidence to their claim, they put forward the hereditary and anatomical similarity of modern people. This model points out that modern people are quite similar everywhere because they originated in the same place – Africa. The first fossils of modem people were discovered from Omo in Ethiopia. This evidence substantiates the Replacement Model.
Question 20.
What are the social groups in Roman society decribed by Tacitus?
Answer:
- Senators
- Leading member of the equestrian class
- Respectable section of the people
- Lower class
- Slaves
Question 21.
Write a short note about the first four Caliphs.
Answer:
- First Caliph-Abu Bakr
- Second Caliph – Umar
- Third Caliph-Uthman
- Fourth Caliph-AN
Question 22.
How did Genghis Khan organise his army?
Answer:
All the healthy males among the Mongols carried arms. In times of need they served as army. In short, the Mongolian army was small and uni-tribal. But with the unification of the different Mongolian tribes and with the wars with different peoples, there were changes in the nature and structure of Genghis Khan’s army. The army became big and multi-tribal. In the army there were soldiers who accepted the authority of Genghis Khan willingly, like the Turkic Uyghurs and the defeated the people like the Keraits. Genghis Khan unified the different tribes of Mongols and made them into a confederacy. He tried to destroy the earlier tribal identities of these tribes.
Genghis Khan organized his army on the decimal basis. The units were in multiples of 10. (10, 100, 1000,10000, etc.)
Genghis Khan stopped the old tribal groupings inthe army and distributed thier members into new military units. An individual who tried to move from his allotted group without permission received harsh punishment. The largerst units of soldiers were 10,000. He altered the old steppe social order integrating different lineages and clans.
Question 23.
Write a note on Mayan culture.
Answer:
The Mayan Culture of Mexico developed remarkably between the eleventh and fourteenth centuries, but in the-sixteenth century they had less political power than the Aztecs. Com cultivation was central to their culture, and many religious ceremonies were centered on the planting, growing and harvesting of corn. Efficient agricultural production generated surplus, which helped the ruling classes, priests and chiefs to invest in architecture and in the development of astronomy and mathematics. The Mayas devised a pictographic form of writing that has only been partially deciphered.
Question 24.
Evaluate the role played by Sun-Yat Sen in establishing a republic in China.
Answer:
The Manchu empire was overthrown and a republic established in 1911 underr Sun Yat-Sen who is unanimously regarded as the founder of modern China. His programme was called the Three principles. These were nationalism, democracy and socialism. His ideas became the basis of the political philosophy of the Guomindang.
Answer any 2 questions from 25 to -28. Each carries 5 scores. (2 × 5 = 10)
Question 25.
Explain the legacy of Mesopotamians to time recokning and mathematics.
Answer:
The Mesopotamians gave great contributions in the realm of science. In fact their contributions in the scientific area can be ascribed to their writing. For science, written material is necessary. Only then future generations of scholars can read it, understand it and improve it.
The Mesopotamians have made great contributions in calendar-making, to fix time of things, and mathematics.
In Mathematics they discovered multiplication, division, square, square root and compound interest. Some day slates where these things are recorded have been discovered. The square root they discovered differs only very slightly from the actual one.
Based on the rotation of the moon around the earth, a year was divided into 12 months, a month was divided into 4 weeks, and a day was divided into 24 hours, and an hour was divided into 60 minutes. This was a Mesopotamian discovery. Thus the calendar which was based on the lunar movement has been approved and accepted by the whole world
Question 26.
Analyse the contributions made by Islam in the field of literature.
Answer:
Literature
The Islamic societies of the Middle Ages have given great contributions to the growth of language and literature. Language and creative imagination of a person were seen as the highest qualities in him. These qualities raise him to cultural sanctity. Creative s writings were often a mix of prose and poetry. The epics the poets of the Abbasid period wrote eulogizing the rulers and their achievements are famous. Poets of Persian origin often challenged the cultural dominance of the Arabs.
Abu Nawas, a poet of Persian origin, composed some classic poems praising wine and homosexuality, which are prohibited by Islam, opening up new realms of poetic enjoyment. Poets that came after Abu Nawas continued in the tradition of praising masculinity. Sufis followed the tradition by writing poems praising mystic love. At the start of the 11th century, Ghazni became the centre of Persian literary life. Naturally, poets were attracted to royal court there. The rulers knew the importance of encouraging art and knowledge for increasing their prestige. Around Mahmud Ghazni there was a group of poets. They wrote many epics and published anthologies.
In the catalogue of Ibn Na’dum, a book seller, there are the names of many books for moral education and also for entertaining people. The oldest of these is ‘Kalila wa Dimna’. This is an Arabic version of our Panchtantra in which animals are the characters. There are famous stories in which Alexander and Sinbad are the heroes.
“One Thousand Nights” is another famous book. This is a collection of stories that Scheherazade told her husband each night, this was written in Indo-Persian and it was translated into Arabic in the 8th century. Later more stories were added to this volume. The stories here depict different kinds of people – generous, stupid, cheated, cunning – and they are good for reading and teaching many good things. In “Book of Misers”, Al Jahiz, an author from Basra, writes about misers and their interesting stories.
Question 27.
Write a note on the influence of humanism on architecture.
Answer:
The city of Rome revived in a spectacular way in the fifteenth century. This inspired a new style in architecture, which was actually a revival of the imperial Roman style – now called ‘classical’. Artists and sculptors were alsoto decorate building with paintings, sculptures and reliefs.
Michelangelo Buonarroti immortalised by the ceiling he painted for the Pope in the sistine chapel, the sculpture called The Pieta’, and his design of the dome of St.Peter’s church, all in Rome. Filippo Brunelleschi, the architect who designed the spectacular Duomo of Florence, had started his career as a sculptor.
Question 28.
Explain ‘Gold Ruch’ and its impact on North America.
Answer:
There was always the hope there were gold deposits in North America. In the 1840s, in California, some gold deposits were discovered. This led to the Gold Rush. In the hope of reaping fortunes, many Europeans went to America. This caused railways to be built across the American mainland. Using I thousands of Chinese labourers, America completed the work of the railways in 1870. In 1885, the railway I network in Canada was also completed.
Answer any 2 questions from 29 to 31. Each carries 8 scores.
Question 29.
Explain the features of different stages of human evolution:
Areas to be considered:
• Primates
• Hominoids
• Hominids
• Australopithecus
• Homo
Answer:
Primates, a category of mammals, emerged in Asia and Africa, during 36 million years ago. They include monkeys, apes and humans. They have body hair, a relatively long gestation period following birth, mammary glands, different types of teeth, and the ability to maintain a content body temperature.
Hominoids
a) Smaller brains
b) quadrupeds-walking on all fours.
c) flexible forelimbs
Hominids
a) Bigger brain
b) Upright posture
c) Walking on two legs
d) Special ability in the use of hands.
Australopithecus | Homo |
Southern Ape | Human being |
Small brain | Big brain |
Jaw projecting much | Jaw projecting only |
outward | a little outward |
Huge teeth | Small teeth |
Forest dwellers | Lived in the grassy plains |
There are different categories in the Homo Genus. They are the following.
Homo habilis – Tool maker
Homo erectus – Uprightman
Homo sapiens – Thinking man/ wiseman
Question 30.
Explain the features of three orders of feudal society in medieval Europe.
Answer:
The Three Orders were: Priestly Class, Nobles and Farmers. The First Order or social class was the Priestly class. The Catholic Church had its own rules and ‘ land given by the rulers. It had the authority to collect taxes. It was an institution that did not need to depend on the king. The head of the Catholic Church was the Pope. He stayed in Rome. The Christians in Europe were guided by bishops and priests. Most villages had their own churches. To take Rprt in the services and to listen to the sermons, and to pray together people went to the church on Sundays.
Not everyone could become a priest. Serfs, physically or mentally handicapped people and women were denied priesthood. Men who became priests could not get married. Bishops were lords in the sphere of religion. They were, like the nobles, owners of huge estates. They stayed in palatial bungalows.
The Church was the richest institution in Europe. From the farmers-the Church collected tithes. One- tenth of the yearly income was taken as tithes. The Church also received a lot of contributions from the rich lords or nobles. Many of the feudal rituals and conventions were also practised in the Church. For example, the practice of praying standing on knees,
with bent heads and folded hands was borrowed from feudalism. In the feudal system, a knight declared his loyalty to his Lord in this manner. Similarly the word ‘Lord’ denoting God is also borrowed from feudalism. Thus we can see there was much in common between the Church and Feudalism.
The Second Order was the nobles. They had a big role in the society. It was their control over the land that placed the lords in the central point. This control resulted from vassalage. In the feudal system, the entire land belonged to the king. The king distributed the land among the nobles. Thus the nobles became huge landlords. They became the vassals of the king. The nobles gave their land to the peasants for cultivation. Thus the nobles became lords or masters and the peasants became dependents or serfs.
The land was transferred to the nobles with a lot of rituals and pledges. Ttys noble had to take a pledge in the Church keeping the Bible as the witness. During this ritual the king would give the noble a written document, a staff or a clump of earth as the symbol of the land. A noble (lord) has his own manorial house. He was the one who controlled the villages around him. Some nobles controlled hundreds of villages. Peasants lived in villages. In a small manorial estate there would be 12 families. But in big manorial estates there could be 50 or 60 families.
The manorial estate had all the things necessary for daily life. From the farms they got grain. Carpenters and ironsmiths repaired and maintained the farming implements and also arms. There were masons to repair the mansion of the lord. Women wove clothes. Children worked in the vineries of the lord. There the lords used to go for hunting. In the grasslands of the estate the herds and flocks grazed. There was a church in the estate and also a fort for defence.
The Third Order was the farmers. Farmers were of two kinds. One was independent farmers and the other was serfs, who were not independent farmers. The independent farmers had land they got from the nobles. They had to do military services for the noble for at least 40 days a year. On some fixed days of the week, they had to work in the files of the nobles without getting any payment for it. They also had to dig the land, collect firewood, make fences and repair the roads. The women and children also had to help in the field. They had to do additional work like spinping, weaving, making candles, making wine etc. The king collected a special tax called Tailed from the farmers. The priests and nobles were exempted from this tax.
Question 31.
Prepare an eassy on Industrial revolution based on the following hints:
• Coal and Iron
• Canals and Railways
Answer:
Coal and Iron
Coal and iron ore which were essential for the manufacture of machines were plenty in England. Materials like black lead, copper and white lead which were extensively used in industries were also plenty in the country. But until the 18th century there was a shortage of “usable iron”. Iron was made by melting iron ore into a liquid state and then separating the pure iron from it. To melt iron ore charcoal was used. There were many problems with this. Since charcoal was brittle, it was difficult to transport charcoal to faraway places. Because of the impurities in it, the iron produced this way was not of high quality. Moreover charcoal could not produce high heat. Because of large scale deforestation, there was a shortage of charcoal.
The solution to this problem was found by the Darby family of Shropshire. In 50 years, three generations of this family (grandfather, father and son) brought a revolution in the refining of iron. In 1709, Abraham Darby (1677-1717) developed the first blast furnace which could maintain very high degree of heat. In it coke could be used. Coke was made by removing the sulphur and other impurities from coal. With this there was no need for charcoal. The iron that was made from the blast furnace of Darby was strong and of a higher quality.
Darby II (1711-1768) made cast iron from iron. This would not break easily. Henry Cort (1740-1823) made- two important discoveries – the puddling furnace to remove impurities from pig iron and the rolling mill to produce rails. These discoveries helped in producing many different kinds of iron products.
Canal and Railways
An important thing that took place during the Industrial Revolution was the changes in the modes of travel. These changes were first visible in the construction of canals and railways. Canals were first made to transport coal to the cities. Taking coal by road was expensive and slow. Since a lot of coal was needed, there was a great need for canals. The most famous of the early canals was Worsley Canal built by James Brindley (1716-72). Transporting coal to the city was its aim. When the canal was completed, the price of coal was reduced to half.