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Kerala State Syllabus 9th Standard Social Science Solutions Part 1 Chapter 8 Election and Democracy
Election and Democracy Textual Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Elections are indespensible in a democracy. Substantiate.
Answer:
Elections are indispensable in a democracy due to the following reasons.
- Elections reflect the aspirations of the people.
- People can select the rulers of their choice through elections.
- People can participate and respond in democratic process.
- Election is a good reason for the rulers to act according to the aspirations of people.
Question 2.
Complete the Flow Chart.
Answer:
Question 3.
Narrate the procedure of simple majority system.
Answer:
According to this system, elections are held in the following manner.
- The country is divided into various electral districts known as constituencies.
- One representative is elected from one constituency.
- Any number of candidates can contest.
- The candidate who gets the highest number of votes is elected.
Question 4.
Proportional representation is adopted to elect
a) President
b) Vice president
c) Members of Rajya Sabha
d) All the above
Answer:
All the above
Question 5.
Match the following
| Election | Age limit |
| President | 30 years |
| Member of Rajya Sabha | 21 Years |
| Member of Lok Sabha | 35 Years |
| Member of Panchyat | 25 Years |
Answer:
| Election | Age limit |
| President | 35 years |
| Member of Rajya Sabha | 30 Years |
| Member of Lok Sabha | 25 Years |
| Member of Panchyat | 21 Years |
Question 6.
Point out the functions of Election Commission.
Answer:
The Functions of Election Commission:
- Supervise the election.
- Prepare voters list.
- Declare the dates of different stages of election.
- Allot election symbols.
- Frame code of conduct.
- The appointment and training of election officials.
- Voting, counting of votes and declaration of results.
- Examine election expenses of candidates.
Question 7.
Name the first election commissioner of India.
Answer:
SukumarSen
Question 8.
Examine the drawbacks of India’s electroal system
Answer:
Drawbacks of India’s electroal system are given below
i) Influence of money
- Voters are influenced by offer of money.
- Political parties spend large amount of money for election campaigns.
ii) Election-related violence
- Violence on the polling day.
- Bogus voting and booth capturing.
(ii) influence of caste and religion
Caste and religious considerations influence selection of candidates.
(iv) Lack of representation of women
- Women do not get due consideration during the selection of candidates.
- Poor representation of women in the parliament and legislative assemblies
Question 9.
Negative vote is casted by using button.
Answer:
NOTA
Question 10.
Define political parties. What are their functions?
Answer:
Political parties are organization formed on the basis of an ideology which works continuously for attaining political power. Their main functions are given below.
- Connect the government and the people.
- Form public opinion.
- Create political awareness.
- Context elections and the party attains majority of seats form the government.
- The parties which do not get majority of seats, function as responsible opposition.
- Correct wrong policies of government.
- Put forward various policies and programmes.
Question 11.
Differentiate between national parties and state parties.
Answer:
National parties and state/regional parties are functioning in India. The Election Commission has set the criteria for political parties to be a national or state party.
Generally, those parties which function across the nation and have influence in more than one state are called national parties. Political parties which have influenced, only one state are called state parties.
Question 12.
What is meant by Psephology
Answer:
Psephology is the science of predicting election results before the declaration of results, after analyzing the possibilities of political parties and coalition fronts.
Question 13.
Who allots the symbols for the candidates who contest election?
Answer:
Election Commission
Question 14.
What is the minimum age for contesting elections to different representative bodies?
Answer:
18 years
Question 15.
Indian election system has drawbacks. Find ways to rectify them.
Answer:
- Identify card with voter’s photo.
- Limit on the election expenses of candidates.
- Code of conduct for political parties and candidates.
- Electronic voting machine.
- Voters’ list with photo of the electors.
- Negative voting system.
- Photo of candidates on ballot paper.
Question 16.
How is direct election different from indirect election? Find examples.
Answer:
- People directly elect their representatives. This method is called direct election.
e.g: Loksabha, State legislative assembly, Local self-government. - The method of election in which representatives are chosen by the elected representatives of people is indirect election.
e.g: President, Vice President, Rajya Sabha
Question 17.
Elucidate what is proportional representation.
Answer:
In India, proportional representation is adopted where we follow indirect election. In India, MLAs of State Legislative Assemblies from each state elect members of the Rajyasabha. In proportion to their strength in the state legislative assemblies at each political party can elect representatives to Rajyasabha.