Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക്

When preparing for exams, Kerala State Syllabus Std 10 Maths Textbook Solutions Chapter 13 സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Important Extra Questions and Answers Malayalam Medium can save valuable time.

SSLC Maths Chapter 13 Important Questions Malayalam Medium സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക്

Statistics Class 10 Extra Questions Kerala Syllabus Malayalam Medium

Question 1.
താഴെ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന സംഖ്യകളുടെ മധ്യമം
21, 6, 14, 9, 5
(a) 9
(c) 5
(b) 8
(d) 11
Answer:
(a) 9

Question 2.
ആദ്യത്തെ 10 എണ്ണൽ സംഖ്യകളുടെ മാധ്യം?
(a) 10
(b) 5
(c) 6
(d) 5.5
Answer:
(d) 5.5

Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക്

Question 3.
17 സംഖ്യകൾ സമാന്തര ശ്രേണിയിലാണ്. അവയുടെ മധ്യമം 21 മാധ്യം എത്ര?
(a) 21
(b) 18
(c) 15
(d) 17
Answer:
(a) 21

Question 4.
ചുവടെയുള്ള രണ്ട് പ്രസ്താവനകൾ വായിക്കുക.
പ്രസ്താവന 1: 10, 18, 14, 20, 12, 16 എന്ന മാർക്കുകളുടെ മധ്യവും മാധ്യമവും തുല്യമാണ്.
പ്രസ്താവന 2: ഈ സംഖ്യകൾ ക്രമത്തിൽ നിരത്തുമ്പോൾ അവ ഒരു സമാന്തര ശ്രേണിയായി രൂപപ്പെടുന്നു.
താഴെ തന്നിരിക്കുന്നവയിൽ ശരിയായ ഉത്തരം തിരഞ്ഞെടുത്തെഴുതുക.
(a) പ്രസ്താവന 1 ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 2 തെറ്റാണ്.
(b) പ്രസ്താവന 1 തെറ്റാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 2 ശരിയാണ്.
(c) പ്രസ്താവന രണ്ടും ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 1 ന്റെ കാരണമാണ് പ്രസ്താവന 2.
(d) പ്രസ്താവന രണ്ടും ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 1 ന്റെ കാരണമല്ല പ്രസ്താവന 2.
Answer:
(c) പ്രസ്താവന രണ്ടും ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 1 ന്റെ കാരണമാണ് പ്രസ്താവന 2.

Question 5.
ചുവടെയുള്ള രണ്ട് പ്രസ്താവനകൾ വായിക്കുക.
പ്രസ്താവന 1: 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 എന്ന സംഖ്യകളുടെ മധ്യവും മാധ്യമവും തുല്യമാണ്.
പ്രസ്താവന 2: ഈ സംഖ്യകൾ 3 എന്ന പൊതു വ്യത്യാസമുള്ള ഒരു സമാന്തര ശ്രേണിയായി രൂപപ്പെടുന്നു.
താഴെ തന്നിരിക്കുന്നവയിൽ ശരിയായ ഉത്തരം തിരഞ്ഞെടുത്തെഴുതുക.
(a) പ്രസ്താവന 1 ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 2 തെറ്റാണ്.
(b) പ്രസ്താവന 1 തെറ്റാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 2 ശരിയാണ്.
(c) പ്രസ്താവന രണ്ടും ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 1 ന്റെ കാരണമാണ് പ്രസ്താവന 2.
(d) പ്രസ്താവന രണ്ടും ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 1 ന്റെ കാരണമല്ല പ്രസ്താവന 2.
Answer:
(c) പ്രസ്താവന രണ്ടും ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന 1 ന്റെ കാരണമാണ് പ്രസ്താവന 2.

Question 6.
47 കുട്ടികളുടെ മാർക്കുകൾ താഴെ കൊടുത്തി രിക്കുന്നു.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q6
(a) മധ്യമം കാണുന്നതിനുള്ള പട്ടിക തയ്യാറാ ക്കുക.
(b) 24-ാമത്ത മാർക്ക് ഏത് വിഭാഗത്തിലാണ് വരു
(c) മധ്യമം കണക്കാക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള സങ്കല്പം എഴുതുക?
(d) 16-ാമത്തെ കുട്ടിയുടെ സ്കോർ എത്?
(e) മധ്യമം കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a) പട്ടിക താഴെ
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q6.1

(b) n = 47 (ഒറ്റസംഖ്യ).
അതുകൊണ്ട് \(\frac{47+1}{2}\) മാർക്ക് (It is 24 mark) നടുവിൽ വരുന്നു.
ഇത് 20-30 വിഭാഗത്തിലാണ്

(c) മധ്യമക്ലാസിലെ കുട്ടികൾക്ക് അവിടെയുള്ള മാർക്ക് തുല്യമായി ഭാഗിച്ചുകൊടുക്കുന്നു ഈ മാർക്കുകൾ സമാന്തരശ്രേണിയിലാണെന്ന് കുരുതാം. ശ്രേണിയുടെ ആദ്യപദം ആ വിഭാഗ ത്തിലെ ആദ്യത്തെ കുട്ടിയുടെ മാർക്കാണ്. പൊതുവ്യത്യാസം ഒരു കുട്ടിയുടെ മാർക്ക് വിതരണത്തിന്റെ ഭാഗവും.

(d) 10 മാർക്ക് 17 കുട്ടികൾക്ക് തുല്യമായി ഭാഗിച്ചാൽ
ഒരു കുട്ടിയുടെ ഭാഗം = \(\frac {10}{17}\) = 0.58 പതിനാറാ
മത്തെ കുട്ടിയുടെ മാർക്ക് = 20 + \(\frac {0.58}{2}\) = 20.29

(e) f = 20.29, d = 0.58, 24 മത്തെ മാർക്ക് ഈ ശ്രേണിയുടെ ഒൻപതാം പദമാണ്.
x9 = f + 8d
= 20.29 + 8 × 0.58
= 20.29 + 4.64
= 24.93
മധ്യമം = 24,93
പൊതുവ്യത്യാസം കാണുന്നതിന് വിഭാഗ വലുപ്പത്തെ എണ്ണം കൊണ്ട് ഹരിച്ചാൽ മതി. പൊതുവ്യത്യാസത്തിന്റെ പകുതി വിഭാഗത്തിന്റെ താഴെത്ത പരിധിയോട് കൂട്ടിയാൽ നടുവിലെ മാർക്ക് കിട്ടും.

Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക്

Question 7.
ഒരു കമ്പനിയിലെ തൊഴിലാളികളുടെ ദിവസക്കൂലി താഴെ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്നു.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q7
(a) മധ്യമം കാണുന്നതിനുള്ള പട്ടിക തയ്യാറാ ക്കുക.
(b) 21-ാമത്തെ ദിവസക്കൂലി ഏത് വിഭാഗത്തി ലാണ്?
(c) ദിവസക്കൂലി കാണുന്നതിനുള്ള സങ്കല്പം എഴുതുക.
(d) 14-ാമത്തെ തൊഴിലാളികളുടെ ദിവസക്കൂലി
(e) മധ്യമം കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a) പട്ടിക താഴെ
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q7.1
(b) n = 41 ആയാൽ, \(\frac{41+1}{2}\)
ദിവസക്കൂലിയാണ് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നത്.
ഇത് 21 മത്തെയാണ് 600-700 വിഭാഗത്തിൽ പെടുന്നു.

(c) മധ്യമക്ലാസിലെ തൊഴിലാളികൾക്ക് അവിടെ യുള്ള ആകെ കൂലി തുല്യമായി ഭാഗിച്ചു കൊടുക്കുന്നു ഇവ സമാന്തരശ്രേണിയിലാ ണെന്ന് കുരുതാം. ശ്രേണിയുടെ ആദ്യപദം ആ വിഭാഗത്തിലെ ആദ്യത്തെ തൊഴിലാളിയുടെ കൂലിയാണ്.

(d) മധ്യമവിഭാഗത്തിൽ പത്ത് തൊഴിലാളികളുണ്ട്. നൂറ് രൂപ പത്ത് പേർക്ക് തുല്യമായി ഭാഗിച്ചാൽ ഒരു ഭാഗം 10 ആണ് 14മത്തെ തൊഴിലാളി യാണ് ആദ്യത്തേത്.
ആദ്യത്തെ കൂലി = 600 + \(\frac {10}{2}\) = 605

(e) ശ്രേണിയിൽ, ƒ = 605, d = 10
x8 = f + 7d
= 605 + 7 × 10
= 605 + 70
= 675
മധ്യമം = 675

Question 8.
ഒരു പ്രദേശത്തെ വീടുകളിലെ വൈദ്യുത ഉപ യോഗത്തിന്റെ അളവാണ് താഴെ കൊടുത്തി രിക്കുന്നത്.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q8
(a) വീടുകളെ ഉപയോഗക്രമത്തിലെഴുതിയാൽ നടുവിലായി വരുന്ന ഉപയോഗം ഏത് വിഭാഗ ത്തിൽപെടുന്നു എന്ന് എഴുതുക.
(b) മധ്യമ വിഭാഗത്തിലെ ഉപഭോഗം സമാന്തര ശ്രേണിയിലായാൽ പതിനേഴാമത്തെ പദം എത്?
(c) നടുവിൽ വരുന്ന ഉപഭോഗത്തിന്റെ അളവുകൾ എത്ര വീതമാണ്?
(d) മധ്യമ ഉപഭോഗം കണക്കാക്കുക എത്?
Answer:
(a) പട്ടിക നോക്കുക.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q8.1
വീടുകളുടെ എണ്ണം 40.
20 മത്തെയും 21 മത്തെയും വീടുകളാണ് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നത്.
ഇവ 110-120 എന്ന വിഭാഗത്തിൽ പെടുന്നു.

(b) വിഭാഗത്തിൽ പത്ത് വീടുകളും പത്ത് യൂണിറ്റുമുണ്ട്.
10 യൂണിറ്റ് പത്ത് വീടുകൾക്ക് തുല്യമായി ഭാഗിച്ചാൽ ഒരു ഭാഗം1,
17 മധ്യമ വീടിന്റെ ഉപയോഗം = 110 + \(\frac {1}{2}\)
= 110 + 0.5
= 110.5

(c) 20 മത്തെയും 21 മത്തെയും വീടുകളാണ് നടു വിൽ വരുന്നത്.
ഇവ ആദ്യപദം 110.5 പൊതു വ്യത്യാസം 1ഉം ആയ സമാന്തര ശ്രേണിയുടെ നാലാമത്തെയും അഞ്ചാമത്തെയും പദ ങ്ങളാണ്.
x4 = 110.5 + 3 × 1 = 113.5
x5 = 114.5

(d) മധ്യമ = \(\frac{113.5+114.5}{2}\) = 114

Question 9.
പരീക്ഷയ്ക്ക് ലഭിച്ചിരിക്കുന്ന മാർക്കുകളെ സംബ ന്ധിക്കുന്ന വിവരങ്ങൾ താഴെ കൊടുത്തിരി ക്കുന്നു.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q9
(a) മധ്യമം കാണുന്നതിനുള്ള പട്ടിക തയ്യാറാക്കുക.
(b) ഏത് വിഭാഗത്തിലാണ് മധ്യമം വരുന്നത്?
(c) സങ്കല്പം അനുസരിച്ച് 13 മത്തെ മാർക്ക്?
(d) നടുവിൽ വരുന്ന മാർക്കുകൾ എത്ര?
(e) മധ്യമം കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a) ചിത്രം നോക്കുക
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q9.1
(b) n = 36, ഇരട്ടസംഖ്യ, 18-ാമത്തെയും 19-ാംമ ത്തെയും സംഖ്യകളാണ് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നത്.
ഇവ 20-30. എന്ന വിഭാഗത്തിലാണ്.

(c) 10 മാർക്ക് 10 കുട്ടികൾക്ക് തുല്യമായി ഭാഗിക്കുന്നു. ഒരാളുടെ ഭാഗം 1.
13 മത്തെ കുട്ടിയുടെ മാർക്ക് 20 + \(\frac {1}{2}\) = 20.5

(d) 18-ാമത്തെ കുട്ടിയുടെ മാർക്ക് 8 സമാന്തര ശ്രേണിയുടെ എട്ടാമത്തെ പദമാണ്.
ആദ്യ പദം 20.5. പൊതുവ്യത്യാസം 1.
x6 = f + 5d
= 20.5 + 5 × 1
= 25.5
x7 = 26.5

(e) മധ്യമം = \(\frac{25.5+26.5}{2}\) = 26

Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക്

Question 10.
കുട്ടികൾക്ക് കിട്ടിയ മാർക്ക് താഴെ കൊടുത്തി രിക്കുന്നു.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q10
(a) മാർക്കുകൾ ക്രമത്തിലെഴുതിയാൽ എന്താ മത്തെ മാർക്കുകളാണ് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നത്.
(b) 15-ാംമത്തെ കുട്ടിയുടെ മാർക്ക് എത്ര?
(c) മധ്യമ മാർക്ക് എത്ര?
Answer:
(a) പട്ടിക നോക്കുക.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q10.1
n = 41, ഒറ്റസംഖ്യ, \(\frac{41+1}{2}\) മാർക്കാണ് മധ്യമം.

(b) ഇത് 20-30 എന്ന വിഭാഗത്തിൽ പെടുന്നു. 10 മാർക്കും 10 കുട്ടികളും ഈ വിഭാഗത്തിലുണ്ട്.
10 മാർക്ക് 10 കുട്ടികൾക്ക് തുല്യമായി ഭാഗിച്ചാൽ ഒരു ഭാഗം 1.
15-ാമത്തെ സ്കോർ 20.5

(c) വിഭാഗത്തിലെ മാർക്കുകളുടെ സമാന്തരശ്രേണിയിലാണ് ക്രമീകരണം
f = 20.5, d = 1 ശ്രേണിയുടെ ഏഴാം പദം
x7 = f + 6d
= 20.5 + 6 × 1
= 26.5
മധ്യമം = 26.5

Question 11.
ഒരു ക്ലാസിലെ കുട്ടികൾക്ക് കിട്ടിയിരിക്കുന്ന മാർക്ക് താഴെ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്നു
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q11
(a) മാർക്കുകൾ ക്രമത്തിലെഴുതിയാൽ നടുവിൽ ഏതൊക്കെ സ്ഥാനങ്ങളിലാണ് മാർക്കുകൾ വരുന്നത്
(b) 12-ാമത്തെ കുട്ടിയുടെ മാർക്ക് എത്?
(c) മധ്യമം കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a) പട്ടിക നോക്കുക.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q11.1
n = 41, ഒറ്റസംഖ്യ, 21 മത്തെ മാർക്ക് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നു.
ഇത് 20-30 എന്ന വിഭാഗത്തിലാണ്.

(b) 12-ാമത്തെ സ്കോർ = 20 + 0.5 = 20,5

(c) f = 20.5, d = 1 ആയ സമാന്തരശ്രേണിയിൽ ഇരുപത്തി ഒന്നാമത്തെ സ്കോർ ആണ് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നത്.
ഇത് ശ്രേണിയുടെ 10-ാം പദമാണ് x10 = f + 9d
= 20.5 + 9 × 1
= 29.5
മധ്യമം = 29.5

Question 12.
ഒരു ക്ലാസ്സിലെ 6 കുട്ടികൾക്ക് ഒരു പരീക്ഷയിൽ കിട്ടിയ മാർക്കുകൾ ചുവടെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.
26, 21, 32, 38, 45, 48
(a) മാർക്കുകളുടെ മാധ്യം കണക്കാക്കുക.
(b) മധ്യമ മാർക്ക് എത്രയാണ്?
Answer:
(a) മാധ്യം = \(\frac{26+21+32+38+45+48}{6}\)
= \(\frac {210}{6}\)
= 36

(b) ആരോഹണക്രമത്തിൽ എഴുതിയാൽ,
21, 26, 32, 38, 45, 48
32, 38 എന്നിവയുടെ മാധ്യമാണ് മധ്യമം,
മധ്യമം = \(\frac{32+38}{2}\) = 35

Question 13.
ഒരു ക്ലാസ്സിലെ കുട്ടികളെ ഉയരം അനുസരിച്ച് എണ്ണം തിരിച്ച് പട്ടികയാണ് ചുവടെ കൊടുത്തി രിക്കുന്നത്.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q13
(a) കുട്ടികളുടെ ഉയരം അനുസരിച്ച് ക്രമമായി നിർത്തിയാൽ എത്രാമത്തെ കുട്ടിയാണ് മധ്യത്തിൽ വരുന്നത്?
(b) 20-ാമത്തെ കുട്ടിയുടെ ഉയരം എത്രയായി സങ്കല്പിക്കാം?
(c) മധ്യമ ഉയരം കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a) ചിത്രം നോക്കുക.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q13.1
n = 45 (ഒറ്റസംഖ്യ)
23-ാ മത്തെ പദമാണ് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നത്.

(b) 150-160 ആണ് മധ്യമവിഭാഗം. 10 സെ.മീ ഉയരത്തെ 10 തുല്യഭാഗങ്ങലാക്കിയാൽ ഒരു ഭാഗം 1.
150-160 ഭാഗത്തെ ഉയരങ്ങൾ സമാന്തരശ്രേണിയിലാണ്.
ആദ്യപദം = 150 + \(\frac {1}{2}\) = 150.5

(c) f = 150.5, d = 1
4-ാംമത്തെ പദമാണ് ഇരുപത്തി മൂന്നാമത്തെ
ഉയരം x4 = f + 3d
= 150.5 + 3 × 1
= 153.5
മധ്യമം = 153.5

Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക്

Question 14.
ഒരു ക്ലാസിലെ 10 കുട്ടികൾക്ക് ഒരു പരീക്ഷയിൽ കിട്ടിയ
സ്കോറുകൾ ചുവടെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.
11, 32, 33, 35, 39, 41, 45, 47, 48, 49
(a) സ്കോറുകളുടെ മാധ്യം കണക്കാക്കുക.
(b) മധ്യമ സ്കോർ എത്രയാണ്?
Answer:
(a) മാധ്യം = \(\frac{11+32+33+35+39+41+45+47+48+49}{10}\)
= \(\frac {380}{10}\)
= 38
(b) സംഖ്യകൾ ആരോഹണക്രമത്തിലാണ്.
5മത്തെയും മത്തെയും നടുവിൽ വരുന്നു.
മാധ്യം = \(\frac{39+41}{2}\) = 40

Question 15.
ഒരു ക്ലാസിലെ കുട്ടികൾക്ക് ഒരു പരീക്ഷയ്ക്ക കിട്ടിയ സ്കോറുകൾ തരംതിരിച്ച് പട്ടികയാണ് ചുവടെയുള്ളത്.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q15
(a) കുട്ടികളെ സ്കോറുകളുടെ ആരോഹണ ക്രമ ത്തിൽ ക്രമീകരിച്ചാൽ, പതിനാലാമത്തെ കുട്ടി യുടെ സ്കോർ സങ്കൽപ പ്രകാരം എത യാണ്?
(b) മാധ്യമ സ്കോർ കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a) സഞ്ചിതാവൃത്തി പട്ടിക താഴെ കൊടുക്കുന്നു.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q15.1
n = 45, (ഒറ്റസംഖ്യ)
23 മത്തെ സ്കോർ ആണ് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നത് ഈ വിഭാഗത്തിൽ 10 സ്കോറും 10 കുട്ടികളുമുണ്ട്.
10 സ്കോർ 10 പേർക്ക് തുല്യമായി വീതിച്ചാൽ ഒരാളുടെ ഭാഗം 1,
പതിനാലാമത്തെ കുട്ടിയുടെ സ്കോർ = 20 + \(\frac {1}{2}\) = 20.5

(b) മീഡിയൻ വിഭാഗത്തിലെ സ്കോറുകൾ സമാന്തരശ്രേണിയിലാണ് f = 20.5 പൊതുവ്യത്യാസം 1.
പത്താമത്തെ പദമാണ് 23മത്തെ സ്കോർ ആയി കണക്കാക്കുന്നത്.
x10 = f + 9d
= 20.5 + 9 × 1
= 29.5

Question 16.
ഒരു സ്ഥാപനത്തിലെ തൊഴിലാളികളെ ദിവസ കൂലിയുടെ അടിസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ തരം തിരിച്ച പട്ടികയാണ് ചുവടെ കൊടുത്തിരക്കുന്നത്.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q16
(a) തൊഴിലാളികളെ ദിവസക്കൂലിയുടെ അടി സ്ഥാനത്തിൽ ക്രമീകരിച്ചാൽ (ഏറ്റവും കുറവു മുതൽ)
(i) എത്രാമത്തെ തൊഴിലാളിയുടെ കൂലിയാണ് മധ്യമമായി ഏടുക്കേണ്ടത്?
(ii) പതിമൂന്നാമത്തെ തൊഴിലാളിയുടെ ദിവസകൂലി സങ്കൽപ പ്രകാരം എത്രയാണ്?
(b) ദിവസക്കൂലിയുടെ മധ്യമം കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a)
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q16.1
(i) n = 35 തൊഴിലാളികളുടെ എണ്ണം ഒറ്റസംഖ്യ യാണ്.
\(\frac{35+1}{2}\)-ാംമത്തെ തൊഴിലാളി യാണ് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നത്.
18-മത്തെ തൊഴിലാളിയുടെ ദിവസക്കൂലി യാണ് മധ്യമം
18-ാമത്തെ തൊഴിലാളിയുടെ കൂലിയാണ് മധ്യമം.

(ii) മധ്യമവിഭാഗം 700-800.
100 രൂപ 10 പേർക്ക് തുല്യമായി ഭാഗിച്ചാൽ ഒരു ഭാഗം 10.
മധ്യമ വിഭാഗത്തിൽ ദിവസകൂലികൾ ക്രമീകരി ച്ചിരിക്കുന്നത് സമാന്തരശ്രേണി യിലാണ്.
സങ്കല്പമനുസരിച്ച് 13-ാം മത്തെ തൊഴിലാളി
യുടെ ദിവസകൂലി 700 + \(\frac {10}{2}\) = 705

(b) f = 705, d = 10 ആയ സമാന്തര ശ്രേണി പരിഗണിക്കുക.
ഈ ശ്രേണിയുടെ ആറാമത്തെ പദമാണ് മധ്യമം.
x6 = f + 5d
= 705 + 5 × 10
= 755
സങ്കല്പം അനുസരിച്ച് x6 എന്നത് 18 മത്തെ തൊഴിലാളിയുടെ കൂലിയാണ്.
ഇത് 755 രൂപ. മധ്യമമായ ദിവസക്കൂലി 755.

Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക്

Question 17.
ഒരു പ്രദേശത്തെ വീടുകളെ വൈദ്യുതി ഉപഭോഗത്തിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ തരം തിരിച്ച പട്ടിക ചുവടെ ചേർക്കുന്നു.
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q17
(a) ഉപഭോഗത്തിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ ക്രമപ്പെ ടുത്തിയാൽ എത്രാമത്തെ വീടിന്റെ ഉപഭോഗ മാണ് മധ്യമ ഉപഭോഗമായി പരിഗണിക്കുന്നത്?
(b) ഇരുപതാമത്തെ വീടിന്റെ ഉപഭോഗം എത യാണെന്ന് സങ്കല്പിക്കണം?
(c) മധ്യമ ഉപഭോഗം കണ്ടെത്തുക.
Answer:
സഞ്ചിതാവൃത്തി പട്ടിക
Class 10 Maths Chapter 13 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്ക് Q17.1
(a) ആകെ വീടുകളുടെ എണ്ണം 45 ആയതിനാൽ 23മത്തെ വീടാണ് നടുവിൽ വരുന്നത്.
23 മത്തെ വീടിന്റെ ഉപയോഗമാണ് മധ്യമം

(b) മധ്യമം 160-180 എന്ന വിഭാഗത്തിൽ പെടുന്നു.
20 യൂണിറ്റ് 10 പത്ത് തുല്യഭാഗങ്ങളാക്കിയാൽ
ഒരു ഭാഗം = \(\frac {20}{10}\) = 2
മധ്യമ വിഭാഗത്തിലെ വൈദ്യുതിയുടെ ഉപയോഗം സമാന്തരശ്രേണിയിലാണ്.
20 മത്തെ വീടിന്റെ ഉപയോഗം = 160 + \(\frac {2}{2}\)
= 160 + 1
= 161

(c) ആദ്യപദം f = 161 പൊതുവ്യത്യാസം 2.
23-മത്തെ വീടിന്റെ ഉപയോഗമാണ് മധ്യമം.
അത് x4 = f + 3d
= 161 + 3 × 2
= 167

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 10 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Through the Oceans

By reviewing Kerala Syllabus SCERT Class 6 Social Science Solutions Chapter 10 Through the Oceans Important Questions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.

Through the Oceans Extra Questions and Answers Class 6 Social Science Chapter 10 Kerala Syllabus

Through the Oceans Class 6 Important Questions

Question 1.
Water is one of the major components that retains life on the earth.
(a) Which are the two sources of water? Explain.
Answer:
Surface water sources are found on the surface of the earth, underground sources are found just beneath the surface, inside the earth,

(b) What percentage of the Earth’s surface is covered with water?
Answer:
Seventy one percent

Question 2.
(a) Inspite of continuous usage by living beings, why doesn’t the water run out?
Answer:
As a result of circulation of water (water cycle) in the hydrosphere water in the water sources do not get depleted despite its use.

(b) Choose the correct statement related to Hydrosphere?
A. Total mass of water found in the earth’s surface, interior and atmosphere in solid, liquid and gaseous state.
R. The layer of air that surrounds the Earth.
C. The solid rocky portion of the Earth.
D. All living organisms found on Earth.
Answer:
A. Total mass of water found in the earth’s surface, interior and atmosphere in solid, liquid and gaseous state.

Question 3.
The water cycle keeps water moving around the Earth in a continuous loop.
(a) Define Water Cycle.
Answer:
Water cycle is the continuous circulation of water on the earth, under its surface and in the atmosphere

(b) Explain its circulation
Answer:
The different sources of water on the earth turns into vapour through evaporation. The vapour thus formed becomes clouds through condensation. In addition to clouds, fog and dew are other forms of condensation. Water droplets from the clouds reach the earth, through precipitation.

Question 4.
Observe the given picture.
Class 6 Social Science Chapter 10 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Through the Oceans 1
(a) Explain the distribution of water based on the given picture.
Answer:
97% of water on earth is saline water. Only 3% of total water on earth is fresh water. A major quantity of this fresh water lies frozen in ice sheets and glaciers. Hence, very limited amount of fresh water is available for living beings.

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 10 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Through the Oceans

Question 5.
Oceans play a vital role in sustaining life on earth,
(a) Define Oceans,
Answer:
Oceans are vast water bodies that are situated among continents.

(b) Write the parts of Oceans,
Answer:
Seas and bays are parts of oceans.

(c) W hat is the scientific study of oceans called?
Answer:
Oceanography

Question 6.
What is the use of studying Oceanography?
Answer:
Oceanography helps in understanding the complex movement of water in oceans. Moreover, the study helps in addressing challenges like climate change, ocean pollution and depletion of biodiversity.

Question 7.
Ocean day reminds us of the need to conserve oceans.
(a) When is World Ocean Day celebrated annually?
(b) W’hat is its main objectives?
Answer:
(a) June 8
(b) The main objective of this day is to realise the importance of oceans in our life. The unscientific intervention of human beings affects the marine habitat adversely.

Question 8.
Match the following

A B
Sea A strait is a narrow strip of water that connects two seas or oceans and is located between land areas.
Bay A part of ocean that is partially surrounded by land is called a sea.
Strait A bay is a part of the ocean that extends into the land.

Answer:

A B
Sea A part of ocean that is partially surrounded by land is called a sea.
Bay A bay is a part of the ocean that extends into the land.
Strait A strait is a narrow strip of water that connects two seas or oceans and is located between land areas.

Question 9.
There are five main oceans on Earth.
A. Oceans and their characteristics are given in jumbled order. Write them in correct.

Oceans Features
A Pacific Ocean i. It appears like the letter ‘S’ in the English alphabet.
B The Atlantic Ocean ii. About one third of the earth’s surface is covered by this ocean.
C Indian Ocean iii. This ocean shares its borders with all the oceans except the Arctic Ocean.
D The Southern Ocean iv. The Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea are its parts

(a) A -iii, B -iv, C -I, D -ii
(b) A – ii, B -1, C – iv, D – iii
(c) A -iv, B -iii, C -1, D -ii
(d) A -I, B -iv, C -ii, D – iii
Answer:
(b) A -ii, B -I, C -iv, D – iii

(B) Which among the following statements is not correct about the Arctic Ocean? Write them.
(a) It is situated mostly within the Arctic Circle.
(b) It is the smallest and shallowest ocean.
(c) Java Trench is the deepest part in this ocean.
(d) This area is mostly frozen throughout the year.
Answer:
(c) Java Trench is the deepest part in this Ocean

Question 10.
(a) The concepts related to Oceans are given below. Identify the Ocean and write the names.
i. Largest and Deepest Ocean.
ii. The Oceanic ridge called the Mid-Atlantic Ridge situated in the middle of the Ocean.
Answer:
i. Pacific Ocean
ii. The Atlantic Ocean

(b) Who gave the name ‘Pacific’ to the Pacific Ocean?
i. Christopher Columbus
ii. Vasco da Gama
iii. Ferdinand Magellan
iv. Marco Polo
Answer:
iii. Ferdinand Magellan

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 10 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Through the Oceans

(c) What does the term ‘Mar Pacifico’ mean?
Answer:
Peace

Question 11.
Complete the table related to the main processes involved in the circulation of water.

A B
Evaporation (a) _______
(b) _________ The process by which water vapour in the air cools to form water.
Precipitation (c) _______

Answer:
(a) The process by which a liquid changes into gaseous form with the help of heat.
(b) Condensation
(c) The process by which water particles fall on earth as the clouds cannot hold it further, due to its increased weight and size, as a result of continuous condensation.

Question 12.
There are several factors that influence the movement of ocean water.
(a) Explain the given Ocean Movements.
i. Waves
ii. High tides and low tides
iii. Ocean currents
Answer:

  • Waves are movements created by the wind on the surface of the ocean.
  • High tides and low tides are phenomena of rising and falling of sea level at fixed intervals. The rise in the sea level is called a high tide and the fall is called a low tide.
  • Ocean current is a phenomenon by which water flows through the ocean in a fixed direction through a fixed path.

(b) Write some of the reasons that influence Ocean currents.
Answer:
Wind, variations in the temperature and salinity of the ocean, and the rotation of the earth.

Question 13.
Why is seawater salty?
Answer:
Mineral salts are dissolved in water from all sources. But the amount of salts in seawater is comparatively high. That is why seawater remains salty. Salinity is the total amount of all the mineral salts dissolved in water.

Question 14.
Human beings have depended on oceans for their livelihood since ancient times.
(a) How do Oceans influence our lives?
Answer:

  • Along with seafood, oceans provide other resources as well.
  • Maritime transportation helps in maintaining international trade.
  • The oceans play a significant role in regulating global warming and producing oxygen.
  • Coasts are also popular tourist destinations,

(b) Oceans face several challenges. Write some of them.
Answer:

  • Pollution
  • Dumping of chemicals and other dangerous substances

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 10 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Through the Oceans

Question 15.
It is essential to conserve the marine ecosystem, which is home to a great variety .of animals and plants ranging from micro-organisms to the blue whale.
(a) Write some ways to conserve Oceans.
Answer:

  • Prevent plastic, chemicals etc., from reaching the oceans.
  • Keep the coast free from pollution.
  • Create awareness on conservation of ocean.
  • Control unsustainable fishing.

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 9 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus An Introduction to Constitution

By reviewing Kerala Syllabus SCERT Class 6 Social Science Solutions Chapter 9 An Introduction to Constitution Important Questions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.

An Introduction to Constitution Extra Questions and Answers Class 6 Social Science Chapter 9 Kerala Syllabus

An Introduction to Constitution Class 6 Important Questions

Question 1.
To enable people to live freely, peacefully and progressively in a society, it is essential to follow laws and rules.
(a) Define Constitution.
Answer:
A Constitution is an authentic document that contains fundamental laws, principles and rules needed for the organisation and functioning of government in a country,

(b) Why is the Constitution needed?
Answer:

  • Ours is a country with a vast geographical area, large population, where people from different sections live together.
  • The advancement of such a diverse country is made possible by following certain laws, rules, and systems.
  • Similarly, most of the countries also have a unified document based on fundamental principles that supports their existence and governance. This is called the Constitution.

Question 2.
The idea of the Constitution grew from India’s need for a clear system to govern the country after independence.
(a) Why is the Code of Hammurabi important?
Answer:
The Code of Hammurabi is one of the oldest legal codes in the world. This legal code dictates that no one has the authority to violate the fundamental laws of a kingdom.

(b) Match the following.

A B
Magna Carta This led to the formation of constitution that grants power to the Parliament in England.
Glorious Revolution King and the government were not above the law.
American Declaration of Independence Gave acceptance to the principle that supreme power rests with the people, not with the king.
French Revolution Able to make the people aware of their power to remove the government.

Answer:

A B
Magna Carta King and the government were not above the law.
Glorious Revolution This led to the formation of constitution that grants power to the Parliament in England.
American Declaration of Independence Able to make the people aware of their power to remove the government.
French Revolution Gave acceptance to the principle that supreme power rests with the people, not with the king.

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 9 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus An Introduction to Constitution

Question 3.
Complete the flowchart.
Class 6 Social Science Chapter 9 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus An Introduction to Constitution 1
Answer:
i. Nature
ii. Unwritten
iii. Flexible
iv. Method of formation
v. Evolved

Question 4.
Constitutions are classified into various types based on their nature, the process of amendment, and the method of formation,
(a) Match the following.

1. Written Constitution a. United Kingdom
2. Flexible Constitution b. Australia
3. Evolved Constitution c. New Zealand
4. Rigid Constitution d. India

A. 1 – d, 2 – c, 3 – a, 4 – b
B. 1 -b, 2 – a, 3 – d, 4 – c
C. 1- c, 2 – d, 3 – b, 4 – a
D. 1 -b, 2 – c, 3 – d, 4 – a
Answer:
A. 1 – d, 2 – c, 3 – a, 4 – b

(b) Identify the Qualities of the Constitution from the given hints.
i. The constitution should be precise with essential provisions.
ii. It must be suitable for meeting people’s needs and aspirations.
iii. It should be able to make timely changes according to changing circumstances.
iv. The powers of the government and the rights and duties of the citizens should be comprehensively stated.
Answer:
i. Brevity
ii. Suitability
iii. Dynamic
iv. Comprehensiveness

Question 5.
If unlimited powers are given to administrators, it will destroy the freedom of the people and lead to dictatorship.
(a) Define Constitutionalism.
Answer:
The constitutionalism is a political order that limits the powers of the government through constitution,

(b) Who was the first philosopher to discuss the Constitution and Constitutionalism?
Answer:
Aristotle

Question 6.
The origin of the Indian Constitution is related to the history of India under the British rule.
(a) Arrange the following events related to the origin of the Indian Constitution in the order in which they happened.

  • Government of India Acts
  • English East India Company
  • Cabinet Mission
  • The First War of Indian Independence 1857
  • Indian Councils Acts
  • Freedom Movements

Answer:

  • English East India Company
  • The First War of Indian Independence 1857
  • Indian Councils Acts
  • Freedom Movements
  • Government of India Acts
  • Cabinet Mission

(b) Who was the Chairman of the Constituent Assembly?
i. Jawaharlal Nehru
ii. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
iii. Dr. Rajendra Prasad
iv. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer:
iii. Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Question 7.
Fill in the blanks.
(a) The Drafting Committee was chaired by _________
(b) The Constitution was adopted on _________
(c) _________ is observed as Constitution Day.
(d) The Constitution came into force on _________
Answer:
(a) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(b) 26 November 1949
c) November 26
d) 26 January 1950

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 9 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus An Introduction to Constitution

Question 8.
Define Cabinet Mission
Answer:
Cabinet Mission was a three member committee appointed by the British to discuss with Indian leaders regarding the transfer of power to India.

Question 9.
What important ideas and details about the Constitution are mentioned in the Preamble?
Answer:

  • The main ideas, values and views of the Constitution are reflected in the Preamble.
  • Our Constitution is a guideline for the fulfilment of the ideas that the people of India cherished and dreamed of during the freedom struggle.
  • The Constitution envisages that the power of the nation originates from the people.
  • The nature of the state, the objectives of the Constitution and the date of adoption of the Constitution are also mentioned in the Preamble.

Question 10.
Complete the table related to the Fundamental Objectives of the Indian Constitution.

Objectives Features
Sovereignty ….(a)….
……(b)……… Social justice is sustained by ensuring equal status and equal opportunities to all.
Secularism ……….(c)…….
………..(d)……. The representatives elected by the people govern the state. Through this, the people become the sovereign.
Republic ………….(e)……….

Answer:
(a) The power of the state to take decisions without any external interference or pressure.
(b) Socialism
(c) The state has no official religion. Individuals have the right to profess, practice and propagate the religion of their choice. The state will not discriminate against any religion.
(d) Democracy
(e) Republic is a system in which the head of the state is decided through elections. Our Constitution stipulates that the President of India, the head of state, should be an elected person.

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 8 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Towards South Indian History

By reviewing Kerala Syllabus SCERT Class 6 Social Science Solutions Chapter 8 Towards South Indian History Important Questions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.

Towards South Indian History Extra Questions and Answers Class 6 Social Science Chapter 8 Kerala Syllabus

Towards South Indian History Class 6 Important Questions

Question 1.
Sangam Literature is the main historical source providing information about ancient Tamizhakam.
(a) Who is the author of “Tirukural”?
i. Thiruvalluvar
ii. Iiango Adigai
iii. Chithalai Chathanar
iv. Avvaiyar
Answer:
i. Thiruvalluvar

(b) Which Tamil epic tells the story of Kannaki and Kovalan?
Answer:
Silappadikaram

(c) Define Sangam Age.
Answer:
The period in which the “Sangham works” were composed is called the “Sangha period”.

Question 2.
Megalithic Monuments that made of huge stones or stone slabs they are called Megalithic Monuments.
(a) Write some Megalithic Monuments in South India.
Answer:
Kudakkallu (umbrella stone), Thoppikkallu (cap stone), and Muniyaras (dolmens)

(b) Define Iron Age.
Answer:
Numerous iron tools were found from Megalithic monuments, this period is also known as the Iron Age.

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 8 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Towards South Indian History

Question 3.
Complete the flowchart.
Class 6 Social Science Chapter 8 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Through the Continents 1
Answer:
(a) Kurumtokai
(b) Akananuru
(c) Pathittupathu

Question 4.
There are many historical sources that provide information about ancient Tamizhakam.

(a) Mention some sources of information about ancient Tamizhaka.
Answer:
Pazhamthamizhpattukal, Coins, Travelogues and Inscriptions,

(b) Which Tamil literary works, apart from Sangam literature, give information about ancient Tamizhakam?
Answer:
Tirukural’, ‘Silappadikaram’, and ‘Manimekalai

(c) How are Sangam literary works generally classified? Explain.
Answer:

  • Sangam works are generally classified into two Akam songs and Puram songs.
  • The Akam songs refer to the family life and social life. The Puram songs refer to the economic, political and military life.

Question 5.
The evidences of the Megalithic Age are found in most parts of South India.

(a) Which are the important Megalithic sites in South India?
Answer:
Marayoor, Cheramanangad, Kuppakkolli and Mangad in Kerala, Adichanallur in Tamil Nadu, Brahmagiri in Karnataka, and Nagaijunakonda in Andhra Pradesh.

(b) Which states and Union Territories are included in South India?
Answer:
Indian states: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana Union Territories: Puducherry and Lakshadweep.

(c) Name the things buried with remains of the dead.
Answer:
Ornaments, Weapons, Tools, Vessels, and Coins

Question 6.
Ancient Tamil songs have references to the social life, agriculture, cattle rearing, salt extraction, and the exchange of goods.
(a) Differentiate the features of the socio-economic life during the Sangam Age.
Answer:

Social life Economic life
  • There existed a social division based on occupation.
  • There were no social discriminations.
  • Gender equality existed.
  • Agriculture was the main livelihood. Cattle rearing, fishing, and hunting were other livelihoods.
  • There existed trade relations with foreign countries.
  • Pepper and other spices were the main items bought by foreigners. They brought here copper, silver, gold etc., with them.

(b) Who were the rulers of ancient Tamizhakam?
Answer:
The Chera, Chola and Pandya who ruled ancient Tamizhakam were collectively known as ‘Muvendar’ or ‘Muvarasar’. Although many ruling powers existed in Tamizhakam, the Muvendar had an authoritative position. These kings were referred to as Ko, Kon, and Kadumko.

Question 7.
The lifestyle and livelihoods of the people in each Tinai varied according to its geographical features.
(a) Define Aintinais.
(b) Complete the table.

Tinais Geographical Features Means of Livelihood
Kurinchi ….(i)…. Collection of forest produce, hunting
Mullai Grasslands, bushes —(ii)
            (iii) Arid region Robbery and plunder
Marutham Agricultural field             (iv)….

Answer:
(a) Sangam works mention five geographical divisions based on its terrain which existed in ancient Tamizhakam. These are known as ‘Aintinais’.

(b) i. Forest, Mountain
ii. Cattle rearing
iii. Palai
iv. Agriculture

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 8 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Towards South Indian History

Question 8.
In ancient Tamizhagam, people in each Tinai exchanged resources.
(a) What were the trade centres called?
Answer:
Angadis (Markets)

(b) How were ‘Allalavanam’ and ‘Nalangadi’ markets different from each other?
Answer:
Allalavanam: Evening markets
Nalangadi: Daytime markets

Question 9.
After the Sangam Age, the regions which were under the control of the Cheras later came under the Perumal rule.
(a) Which was the centre of administration of the Perumals?
(b) What titles did the kings of Mahodayapuram adopt?
(c) Who were the prominent rulers of Mahodayapuram?
Answer:
(a) Mahodayapuram (Makotai), near present-day Kodungallur.
(b) Perumal. Cheraman and Kulasekhara.
(c) Ramarajasekharan. Sthanu Ravi, Indukotha, and Bhaskara Ravi

Question 10.
In the 9th century CE, Perumal rule was established.
(a) Arrange the administrative units in the correct order from highest to lowest.
(Karas, Nadus,Perumal, Desam)
Answer:
Perumal → Nadus → Desam → Karas

(b) There was a strong economic foundation during the reign of Perumals. Prepare a note.
Answer:
Along with agriculture, trade also flourished during that period. The spice trade with foreign countries and the customs duties (taxes) collected through ports, resulted in the economic changes in the Perumal kingdom. The commercial activities of trading groups like Anchuvannam, Manigramam, Valanjiar, and Nanadesikal, which were prevalent throughout South India at that time, helped the economic development in this region.

Question 11.
During the Perumal rule, there were significant changes in the cultural sphere as well,
(a) Complete the flowchart.
Class 6 Social Science Chapter 8 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Through the Continents 2
Answer:

  • Temples emerged as the core of cultural life as they were the centres of agrarian villages.
  • The caste system emerged as people continued the same occupation traditionally from birth.
  • Architecture, sculpture, painting, instrumental music, dance, and music, flourished around temples.
  • Ritualistic arts like Koothu and Koodiyattam also developed during this period.

Question 12.
The emergence of independent and autonomous Naduvazhi Swaroopams significantly altered the socio-economic and political structures of medieval Kerala.
(a) The System that controlled the socio-economic and political spheres in medieval Kerala.
Answer:
Janmi System

(b) Complete the concept map including the major Naduvazhi Swaroopams.
Class 6 Social Science Chapter 8 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Through the Continents 3
Answer:
i. Kolathunadu
ii. Nediyiruppu
iii. Perumpadappu
iv. Trippappur

Question 13.
The princely states that evolved from the Naduvazhi Swaroopams were unified to form the modern state of Kerala.

(a) Which of the following is not related to Naduvazhi Swaroopams?
i. With the expansion of Naduvazhi rule, the Janmi system (landlordism) became widespread.
ii. Joint families based on the ‘Marumakkathayam’ system controlled the ‘Swaroopams’.
iii. Swaroopams were self-governing regions that existed based on the ‘Makkathayam’ system.
iv. The rise of Naduvazhi Swaroopams was the result of expansion of the Janmi System.
Answer:
iii. Swaroopams were self-governing regions that existed based on the Makkathayam System.

(b) What is the main difference between the Makkathayam and Marumakkathayam systems of inheritance?
Answer:
Makkathayam is the system of inheritance from father to children whereas Marumakkathayam was a system by which right of inheritance was passed to the sons of the sister in the family.

(c) During whose reign did Venad develop into a powerful princely state called Travancore?
Answer:
Anizham Thirunal Marthanda Varma

d) Who transformed the Perumpadappu Swaroopam into the Kochi kingdom?
Answer:
Sakthan Thampuran

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 8 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Towards South Indian History

Question 14.
(a) Examine the given details about major Naduvazhi Swaroopams and arrange them in the table correctly.

  • The ruler was known as ‘Kolathiri’
  • It was later known as the Kochi Royal Family
  • The ruler was known as ‘Samoothiri’ (Zamorin)
  • Later it evolved into the powerful princely state of Travancore

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 8 Important Questions Kerala Syllabus Through the Continents 4
Answer:

Kolathunadu Swaroopam Nediyiruppu Swaroopam Perumpadappu Swaroopam Trippappur Swaroopam
The ruler was known as ‘Kolathiri’ The ruler was known as ’Samoothiri’ (Zamorin) It was later known as the Kochi Royal Family Later it evolved into the powerful princely state of Travancore

((b) Write some of the reforms introduced by Marthanda Varma and Sakthan Thampuran.
Answer:

Anizham Thirunal Marthanda Varma Sakthan Thampuran
  • Suppressed the Madambis and Ettuveettil Pillamar, the powerful landlords
  • Measured and surveyed the land in the kingdom
  • Performed Thrippadidanam
  • Suppressed the Naduvazhis
  • Established trade centres
  • Initiated the Thrissur Pooram

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5

Reviewing solved English Question Paper Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Set 5 helps in understanding answer patterns.

English Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Model Question Paper Set 5

Time: 2½ Hours
Score: 80 Marks

Instructions:

  1. 15 minutes is given as cool off time.
  2. This time is to be used for reading the question paper.
  3. You are not supposed to write anything during the cool off time.
  4. Attempt the questions according to the instructions.

Questions 1-5 Read the following extract from “A Piece of String” and answer the questions that follow. (5 × 1 = 5)

Along all the roads around Goderville the peasants and their wives were coming to the town because it was market day. Some led a cow or a calf by a cord. Their wives walked behind the animal. They whipped it with a leafy branch to hasten its progress. In the public square of Goderville there was a crowd, a throng of human beings and animals.

Hauchecome had just arrived at Goderville. He was walking towards the public square. Then he saw a little piece of string on the ground. He thought that everything useful ought to be picked up. He took the bit of thin cord from die ground. He began to roll it carefully. Then he noticed Malandain, on the threshold ofhis door, looking at him. They were on bad terms with each other. Hauchecome was seized with shame to be seen thus by his enemy. He concealed his “find” in his trousers’ pocket. He pretended to be looking on the ground for something else. Then he went toward the market.

Question 1.
Why were the peasants and their wives coming to the town?
Answer:
The peasants and their wives were coming to the town because it was market day.

Question 2.
With what were the wives whipping the animals? Why?
Answer:
The wives were whipping the animals with a leafy branch.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5

Question 3.
Why did Hauchecome pick up the bit of thin cord from the ground?
Answer:
Hauchecome picked up the bit of thin cord from the ground because he thought that everything useful ought to be picked up.

Question 4.
Were Hauchecome and Malandain on good terms?
Answer:
No, they weren’t. Hauchecome and Malandain were not on good terms.

Question 5.
Why did Hauchecome conceal his ‘find’?
Answer:
Hauchecome concealed his ‘find’ because he was seized with shame to be seen picking up the piece of string by his enemy, Malandain.

Questions 6-9: Read the lines from the poem “The Wild Swans at Coole” by W.B. Yeats and answer the questions that follow. (4 × 1 = 4)

The trees are in their autumn beauty,
The woodland paths are dry,
Under the October twilight the water
Mirrors a still sky;
Upon the brimming water among the stones
Are nine-and-fifty swans.
The nineteenth autumn has come upon me
Since I first made my count;
I saw, before I had well finished,
All suddenly mount
And scatter wheeling in great broken rings
Upon their clamorous wings.

Question 6.
What is the season described in the poem?
A. Summer
B. Winter
C. Spring
D. Autumn
Answer:
D. Autumn

Question 7.
What is reflected in the water under the October twilight?
A. 59 swans
B. Wood land paths
C. Trees in their beauty
D. A still sky
Answer:

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5

Question 8.
When does twilight appear?
A. After dawn
B. During midday
C. In the afternoon
D. Soon after sunset
Answer:
D. Soon after sunset

Question 9.
When did the writer visit the place for the first time?
Answer:
The writer visited the place for the first time 19 years ago.

Question 10.
(A) These are the first few lines of the song “Another Day in Paradise” by Phil Collins. The central theme of the song is social indifference to the poor and the homeless. Write a brief appreciation of the song, focusing on its theme, images and poetic devices. (1 × 5 = 5)

She calls out to the man on the street
“Sir, can you help me?
It’s cold and I’ve nowhere to sleep
Is there somewhere you can tell me?”
He walks on, doesn’t look back
He pretends he can’t hear her
Starts to whistle as he crosses the street
Seems embarrassed to be there
Oh think twice, cause it’s another day for
You and me in paradise.
Answer:
“Another Day in Paradise,” a song by Phil Collins, is a poignant exploration of social injustice and the plight of the homeless, prompting reflection on empathy and social responsibility. It talks about empathy, social awareness, and the moral duty to assist those in need. Collins uses the narrative of a homeless woman pleading for help to evoke a sense of urgency and compassion in the listener.

The helpless woman calls out to the man on the street requesting him to help her. It is too cold for her on the street. She wants a place to sleep. Is there some place he knows and can tell her? But he walks on. He doesn’t look back. He pretends he can’t hear her. He starts to whistle as he crosses the street. He seems embarrassed to be there.

She has been crying. She’s got blisters on the soles of her feet. She can’t walk. She can’t rest anywhere because people drive her away. She is really suffering and in agony. But the society seems to be utterly indifferent. To convey the message the poet uses fine vivid imagery. We can see the woman walking awkwardly as the blisters on the soles of her feet torment her.

The poet uses refrain “Oh, think twice, because it’s another day for you and me in paradise” to stress the point. He uses anaphora “It’s just another day for you and me in paradise” to emphasizes the stark contrast between the privileged and the destitute. There is a fine metaphor in “Paradise”. The poor woman with blisters on her soles, shivering with cold and crying, is walking in the Paradise!

The poem gives us a fine message. Many of us may have huge mansions with a lot of empty rooms. We will not allow any homeless person to come and stay in our empty room. We may have our justifications. But on the whole we are indifferent to the sufferings and needs of others. To some this earth may be a paradise but for many others it is a place of tortures and torments. On the whole it is a fine song that shows the inequality between the haves and the have-nots, exhorting the haves to be empathetic to the have-nots.

OR
(B) Mr. Student forms a negative impression of Teresa initially, influenced by her appearance and behaviour. He discusses his thoughts and feelings about her with one ofhis friends. Write the possible conversation.

Questions 11- 14: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow: (4 × 1 = 4)

The Banyan tree is more than just a large plant; it is a profound symbol in Indian culture and a remarkable example of nature’s architectural genius. Unlike most trees that grow one trunk skyward, the Banyan develops prop roots that descend from its branches. These roots, initially thin and cord-like, grow downward until they reach the soil, where they thicken and mature into supplementary, woody trunks.

This unique growth pattern allows a single Banyan tree to spread over a vast area, sometimes spanning several acres. The extensive canopy created by these multiple trunks and spreading branches provides dense shade, making the Banyan a natural gathering spot. In villages across India, the space beneath a Banyan often serves as the central huba venue for public meetings, a resting place for travellers, and a natural playground for children. Its longevity is legendary; some Banyan trees have survived for centuries, witnessing generations of human history.
Answer:
Mr. Student: Hey, Gagarin, I want to tell you something about a woman who lives opposite my room.

Gagarin: What is her name?

Mr. Student: Her name is Teresa.

Gagarin: How does she look?

Mr. Student: Initially she looked loathsome to me. She is tall and strong, with bushy dark brown hair and a large coarse face. She has dark eyes. She speaks with a bass voice.

Gagarin: Sounds like a really horrible woman. How did you come to know of her?

Mr. Student: She once came to me and said she wanted me to write a letter to her lover Boles. She dictated it to me and I wrote it.

Gagarin: And then?

Mr. Student: She comes back to me after some days and tells me I should write another letter as a reply from Boles. I got annoyed and told her she is a liar and there is no one called Boles.

Gagarin: I think you are right. How can she make you write a letter from her lover?

Mr. Student: I then realised her plight. She was lonely and she invented this lover. When she makes some people read the letter written by her and the reply she supposedly gets she feels happy that there is someone to love her. I felt empathetic and I agreed to write the reply also. I continued doing that.

Gagarin: Very interesting!

Mr. Student: Teresa repaid for my services by mending the holes in my socks, shirt and others items of clothing. We have become good friends now.

Gagarin: Well done, boy! You are an understanding person!

Mr. Student: Thank you, Gagarin!

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5

Question 11.
What is the unique feature of the Banyan tree that allows it to spread over a vast area?
Answer:
The unique feature of the Banyan tree that allows it to spread over a vast area is the development of prop roots from branches that become supplementary trunks.

Question 12.
In an Indian village context, the space beneath a Banyan tree is primarily used as:
A. A dedicated space for agricultural storage.
B. A temporary shelter during monsoon seasons only.
C. The central hub for gatherings, meetings, and resting.
D. A natural playground for children.

Choose the right answer from the following:
i) A and B are correct.
ii) B and C are correct.
iii) A and D are correct.
iv) C and D are correct.
Answer:
iv) C and D are correct.

Question 13.
What is legendary about the Banyan tree?
Answer:
What is legendary about the Banyan tree is its longevity.

Question 14.
Why was it possible for some Banyan trees to have witnessed generations of human history? (Choose the right one from the following.)
A. They are large plants.
B. They have survived for centuries.
C. The Banyan tree is a symbol of Indian culture.
D. A single Banyan tree can spread over a large area.
Answer:
B. They have survived for centuries.

Questions 15-18: Answer either A or B.

Question 15.
(A) Hauchecome picks up a piece of string, but the innocent action is misunderstood. Have you had a similar experience of being misunderstood by others? Describe your personal experience or that of someone you know. (1 × 7 = 7)
Answer:
(A) school oh the road, I and was examining it when I saw another student, who did not like me, looking at me. I then put it in my pocket, and pretended I was looking for a lost coin. Later I took the ring out and I found it was just a broken, shiny plastic ring. I threw it out and forgot all about it.

When the class began a girl complained to the teacher that she lost her golden ring while coming to school. She was crying. Then the boy who saw me pocketing the plastic ring told the teacher that he saw me picking up a golden ring and putting it into my pocket. The teacher asked me and I told him what I picked was a plastic ring and I threw it away. The teacher took me out of the class and examined my bag, my shoes and also my pockets. I felt very embarrassed. Even now some students who don’t like me think, I have got that golden ring! Whenever that girl sees me she looks at me with anger.

OR
(B) Inspired by the blissful co-existence with nature displayed by the characters in the play “Shakuntalam” you have made a plan for an eco-tourism project. Develop the content of such a project.
Answer:
I want to tell you about my Ecotourism Project! Before embarking upon this project, I thought “tourism” just meant going on a fim vacation. Now I know better! Ecotourism is responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people. It’s about minimizing our impact on the environment, educating the traveller and Learning about the ecosystem and the culture of the people there. My Project is “The Silent Valley Eco-Hut”. For it, I designed an imaginary ecotourism destination near a local forest reserve.

The key features of my proj ect are:
a) Sustainable Accommodation: The huts are built using locally sourced, renewable materials like bamboo and recycled wood. We’d use solar panels for electricity and rainwater harvesting for water.

b) Guided Nature Walks: Instead of letting people wander, local guides would lead small groups. They would tell visitors about the local flora and fauna, like the rare plants, birds or animals found there.

c) No Plastic Zone: Tourists would be encouraged to use reusable bottles and cloth bags. Food would be served on biodegradable plates or banana or teak leaves. Community Kitchen: All meals would use organic, locally grown produce. This directly supports the farmers in the nearby village and gives tourists a taste of authentic local foods. Conservation isn’t somebody else’s job. It is our responsibility.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5

Question 16.
(A) In “A Phoenix Rises” by Twinkle Khanna we saw how Arunachalam Muruganantham, a school dropout, became a successful entrepreneur. India needs people like him. Write an article for your school magazine on the topic of “Entrepreneurship: The Path to the Nation’s Progress”. Some hints are given below. (1 × 6 = 6)
(Hints: Unemployment problem – Many youths migrate – after education one does not have to beg for jobs – research – advisers – proper location – must be hard working, diligent and preserving – your profit must be based on need not greed.)
Answer:
(A) India needs people like Arunachalam Muruganantham if she is to progress and become one of the developed nations in the world. India has the highest population in the world, but we still remain a poor country. India got independence in 1947. That means more than llA decades have passed since we became free. But even today there are a lot of unemployment problems here. Many of our youths go to the Gulf, America, England, Canada, New Zealand and many other countries looking for jobs and better opportunities. This causes brain drain for India. The best brains go out and serve other countries.

It is high time we stopped this brain drain so that we can utilise our talents for the development of our own country. Entrepreneurship is what we really want. We saw how Arunachalam Muruganantham started the manufacture of sanitary pads and became a big man in India. According to Muruganantham the purpose of education is empowering people. After education, one does not have to beg for jobs. Educated people should try to find solutions to social problems and create jobs for themselves and others. You need education and knowledge to identify the problems. Once you are educated, convert every problem into an opportunity and come out with a solution, an invention.

To become an entrepreneur you have to research you idea methodically and, diligently. Ask these questions and find answers: Is anyone else doing it? What’s the competition like? Do consumers and businesses have viable substitutes if they don’t choose my product? Does my product really solve a big problem? Is the demand going to be great enough in the future, not just for a year or two? Once you’re completely convinced that you can succeed then you start. For a good venture, you must have a proper location. You also have to assemble your team. Above all, you must be hardworking, diligent and persevering. Your profit must be based on need not greed as Mr. Muruganantham has advised.

OR
(B) You visited Kumarakom Bird Sanctuary. There you happened to spot the Broad-tailed Grass Warbler, which is a “Vulnerable” species. Describe your thoughts.
Answer:
(B) The morning started like any other at Kumarakom Bird Sanctuary. The air was thick with the calls from different kinds ofbirds. I was focusing on a patch of tall, dense grassland adjacent to a small, marshy depression—the classic, slightly wet, high-altitude habitat that holds the promise of the elusive Broad-tailed grass-warblers.

For a long time, nothing seemed to happen. I was almost getting disappointed and I was planning to move away. But then I heard a distinct, slightly harsh ‘chirrup-chirrup’ call, unlike anything else I’d heard that morning. It was low. I froze, lifting my binoculars to the spot. The bird was absolutely skulking. I waited for five minutes, and then, a small, dark bird came out in a short, clumsy, parachuting display flight. It was so quick, but the marks were unmistakable. It was the Broadtailed Grass Warbler!

The most striking feature was its heavy, fanned, and broad tail dark brown, appearing almost black underneath, giving it a ‘rear-heavy’ appearance as it fluttered briefly against the sky. Soon it dropped back into the cover of the dense grass. I managed to keep my lens fixed on the spot where it landed: It slipped through the grass with an almost unbelievable agility, looking on the ground for insects. I caught a final, excellent look as it perched for a split second on a dead grass stem, revealing the pale, buffy breast and die very small head. This is a ‘Vulnerable’ species. Seeing it is amemory that I will cherish for long. It gave me great satisfaction.

Question 17.
(A) In “Breaking Barriers, I will Fly” Srikanth Bolla showed us how even a bind person like him can rise to prominence. He is the director of Surge Impact Foundation which he founded in 2016. In a meeting at your school, you are asked to make a speech on the International Day of persons with Disabilities.Prepare the speech. (1 × 6 = 6)
Answer:
(A) Good morning, Principal, Teachers, dear friends, ladies and gentlemen! Today, 3rd December, we observe the International Day of Persons with Disabilities. This day, established by the United Nations, is not just about observing; it’s about reflection and action. It’s a’ day to pause and consider the reality of over a billion people worldwide who live with some form of disability.

The key message of this day is simple but profound: inclusion matters. Persons with disabilities are an integral part of our society. They possess unique , talents, skills, and perspectives that can enrich our world. We must move away from seeing disability . as an inability or a source of pity, and instead recognize it as a part of human diversity.
As students, we have a vital role to play. We can:

  1. Be sensitive to the needs of any disabled student onstaff member.
  2. Be allies against any form of discrimination or exclusion.
  3. Advocate for accessibility, whether it is ramps, clear signs, or digital content that everyone can use.
  4. Most importantly, we must always treat everyone with dignity and respect, recognizing their individuality and potential.

Let’s all pledge today to build a truly inclusive environment in our classrooms, our school, and our community. An accessible world benefits everyone, not just those with disabilities. Let us celebrate their achievements, support their rights, and work towards a world of “Full Participation and Equality” for all.
Thank you.

(B) Mr. Student was taken aback when he realised that both “Boles” and “the relationship of Boles and Teresa” were imaginary. He talks about this to his friend Mehboob. What does Mr. Student say?
Answer:
Mehboob, I want to tell you something about Teresa, who lives opposite my room. I have been a fool in misjudging and mistreating poor Teresa. I was prejudiced against her because of her appearance and bad reputation. Her height and her muscular body, her bushy dark brown hair, her large coarse face, her dark eyes and her bass voice made me think she was a person to be avoided at all costs. I was so prejudiced against her that I never left my door open when I knew she was in her apartment.

But now my eyes are open. When she asked my help to write a letter to her lover Boles I did that. But then she comes asking me to write a reply from Boles. That really irritated me and I called her a liar. She was sad and went back to her room. I felt sad too that I made her unhappy. So I went to her. Then she explained to me why she wrote to Boles. She was lonely. There was nobody to give her affection and love.

So she invented this imaginary lover. When someone read the letters she wrote to Boles and the letters he wrote to her, she felt Boles was real. Someone was there to love her! This feeling gave her happiness and contentment. I did not know that there are such people like her in this world who long for love and affection. Anyway, I thank God have I have realised the truth. I will be more sensible in future. I will not be prejudiced and judgmental without knowing the actual facts about people.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5

Question 18.
(A) The 2018 floods were among the most severe in the history of Kerala in a century. Around 500 people died, 15 were missing and 140 were hospitalized. Some 33,000 people were rescued. Using the hints given, write a likely news report on the flood. (1 × 4 = 4)
(Hints: unceasing rain in June, July and August – rivers flooded – mismanagement of dams – landslides in Idukki and Wayanad – casualties -1.4 million people displaced – infrastructure destroyed – relief operations – the fishermen community)
Answer:
(A) In 2018 Kerala faced its most devastating flood in nearly a century. Unusually intense and continuous rainfall during the monsoon season transformed the state’s beautiful rivers into raging torrents, bringing life to a terrifying halt and demonstrating nature’s immense, unforgiving power. The disaster was intensified by improper dam management.

Due to the continuous heavy rain since June, many major dams were already nearly full. When the final severe spell hit in August, authorities were forced to open the gates of 35 out of 54 major dams simultaneously. The water release from dams like Idukki and Cheruthoni compounded the flooding in the low-lying areas, turning riverbanks into disaster zones. The incessant rain triggered over 4,000 devastating landslides in the hilly districts of Idukki and Wayanad, which cut off access and caused numerous casualties.

Apart from the deaths, over 1.4 million people were displaced from their homes, seeking shelter in thousands of relief camps set up across the state Thousands of homes were destroyed or severely damaged. Essential infrastructure like roads, bridges, and the Cochin International Airport were submerged and shut down, severely disrupting transportation and rescue efforts. The estimated total economic loss was colossal, running into tens of thousands of crores of rupees, crippling sectors like agriculture and tourism.

In the face, of this calamity, the true strength of Kerala’s community was shown. The Fishermen community emerged as heroes, using their boats and knowledge of the waters to conduct high-risk rescue missions, saving thousands of lives in flooded areas like Chengannur and Aluva. The IndianArmy, Navy, Air Force, and NDRF worked tirelessly alongside local police and civil defence. Thousands of ordinary citizens, young people, and volunteers helped run over 3,200 relief camps, ensuring the displaced had access to food, water, and medical aid. This disaster proved that while nature can be devastating, the unity and resilience of the human spirit are equally powerful.

(B) The Creative Writing Club of your school is planning to conduct an interschool Creative Writing Competition. As the Secretary of the Club, prepare a notice detailing the time, date, venue, eligibility and other rules for the Competition.
Answer:

S.N. HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL,
IRINJALAKUDA
CREATIVE WRITING CLUB

20 February 2026

NOTICE

Subject; Interschool Creative Writing Competition

The Creative Writing Club of this School is thrilled  to announce an Interschool Creative Writing Competition to celebrate the International Writers’ Day on 3rd March 2026. We invite talented young writers from all neighbouring schools to participate and showcase their literary flair.

Competition Details

Date 3 March 2026
Time 10:00 AM to 12:00 PM
Venue School Auditorium
Topic The Unspoken Promise (The topic will be elaborated upon a few minutes before the start of the competition to ensure fairness.)
Word Limit 400 words
Eligibility Students from Classes IX to XII are eligible to participate.

Registration: Interested students must register through their school’s English Department and send the list to our school by 28 February 2026. Participants must bring their own pens and stationery. Writing sheets will be provided at the venue. Entries will be judged on originality, creativity, language proficiency, and adherence to the theme.

Attractive prizes and certificates will be awarded to the top three winners. All participants will receive a certificate of participation.For any queries, please contact the undersigned.

Saifu Kokkat
Secretary, Creative Writing Club
Mobile No. 8547099999

Questions 19-21: Answer all the questions.

Question 19.
You studied the speech titled “Friends, Romans, Countrymen” of Mark Antony. It is taken from the play titled “Julius Caesar” by William Shakespeare, who is the greatest dramatist the world has seen. From the hints given below, prepare his biographical sketch.
Answer:
William Shakespeare was born in 1564 at Stratford-upon-Avon, England. His father was John and his mother was Mary Arden. He studied at King’s New School in Stratford. When he was just 18, he married Anne Hathaway who was older to him by 8 years. They had three children. By 1592 he was working in London as an actor and playwright. He was a prolific writer. He wrote 3 8 plays, 154 sonnets, and several longer poems. Two of his most famous comedies are: A Midsummer Night s Dream and Twelfth Night. His notable tragedies are Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello, and King Lear. His important historical plays include Henry Vand Richard III.

His most famous Romance is The Tempest. Shakespeare was the world’s greatest literary genius. His plays are continually studied, performed, and adapted worldwide as they explore timeless themes of love, loss, ambition, power, and human nature. He died 1616 at the age of 52.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5

Question 20.
The Literary Club of your school is organising a motivational talk by the famous poet K. Satchidanandan, who writes both in English and Malayalam. Prepare a notice so that students of your school and also from nearby schools can take part in the event. Include necessary details like the purpose of the event, date, time, and venue.(1 x 4 = 4)
Answer:

Government Higher Secondary School, Edappally Literary Club

30 November 2025

Motivational Talk by K. Satchidanandan

The Literary Club of our School is pleased to host a motivational talk by the internationally acclaimed poet, critic, and translator, Shri K Satchidanandan. This special event is an invaluable opportunity for students to engage with a literary giant who has enrichedbothEnglishandMalayalamliterature. The talk aims to ignite creativity, foster a deeper appreciation for language, and inspire young minds to pursue their passions in writing and life. The Purpose of the event is to have an Interaction with K. Satchidanandan.

Date: 14 December 2025
Time: 3 to 5 p.m.
Venue: School Auditorium

Students from Classes IX to XII of our School and all nearby schools are cordially invited to attend this enriching session. Please arrive by 2.45 p.m. to ensure smooth seating arrangements.

Don’t miss this chance to listen to a real scholar.

Rahul Binoy – Secretary,
Literary Club
Mob 85470 66666

Question 21.
Read the passage given below and frame 4 appropriate questions based on it. (1 × 4 = 4)
The woman was twisting and wriggling, at times growling like a wild animal. She felt certain that all those explanations would not have aroused even a shadow of sympathy from those people. Most likely they too were in the same plight as herself. One of them, who had been listening with particular attention, said: “You should thank God that your son is only leaving now for the front. Mine has been sent there the first day of the war. He has already come back twice wounded and been sent back again to the front.
Answer:
a) Why was the woman twisting and wriggling and growling like a wild animal?
b) What did she feel certain about?
c) Why did one of the listeners say that the woman should thank God?
d) What has happened to the son of that man?

Questions 22-26. Study the advertisement below and answer the questions that follow. (5 × 1 = 5)

Advertisement
Vacancy Announcement

Apex Solutions Group (ASG), a leading multinational firm in IT consulting, invites applications from dynamic and motivated candidates for the immediate appointment of Office Clerks at its regional headquarters.

Position Details:

• Job Title • Office Clerk
• Place of Job • Bengaluru, Karnataka
• Age Limit • Maximum 25 years as of the application deadline.
• Salary • Competitive remuneration package, commensurate with experience.
Qualifications:
A Degree (B.A., B.Sc., B.Com., or equivalent) from a recognized university.
Minimum one year clerical experience in a corporate or organized office environment is highly desirable. Fresh graduates with exceptional computer skills may also be considered.
Proficiency in MS Office Suite (Word, Excel, PowerPoint), excellent typing speed, strong organizational abilities, and professional communication (English and Hindi/Regional language).
Career Growth & Benefits:
Apex Solutions Group is committed to employee development. Successful candidates can expect promotion to Senior Clerk and eventually Administrative Assistanti Executive.How to Apply: Interested and eligible candidates must submit their application (detailed CV and cover letter) via email to carccrs(aapexso1utions.in.)
Subject Line APPLICATION FOR OFFICE CLERK
Postal Address The Human Resources Manager, Apex Solutions Group, ASG Towers, HAL Road, Bengaluru – 560008.
Deadline Applications must be received by 15 November 2025.
Contact for Assessment:

♦ Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted for a written assessment and/or interview.

Contact Person for Further Assessment:

Ms Cicily Antony, HR Recruitment Specialist.

Question 22.
What is the position offered by Apex Solutions Group?
Answer:
The position offered by Apex Solutions Group is Office Clerk

Question 23.
Which of the following is not a requirement for the job?
A. A Bachelor’s Degree?
B. Driving Skills
C. Ability in communication
D. Computer skills
Answer:
B. Driving Skills

Question 24.
Are there promotion chances in the company?
Answer:
Yes, there are. There are chances to be a Senior Clerks and eventually Administrative Assistants/ Executives.

Question 25.
Where should the application be sent to?
A. The Human Resources Manager, at Bengaluru
B. careers@apexsolutions.in
C. Ms Cicily Antony, HR Recruitment Specialist
D. The General Manager
Answer:
The application should be sent to careers@apexsolutions.in.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5

Question 26.
Who will be contacted by the company for further assessment?
A. All the applicants.
B. Candidates who are relatives of the Board Members
C. Only shortlisted candidates
D. Only candidates from Bengaluru
Answer:
C. Only shortlisted candidates.

Question 27.
Edit the passage. Errors are given in bold. (6 × 1/2 = 3)
From his eyes I knew he would not given me the job. To justify his refusal and humiliate me he asked me why didn’t I went and work in my own country. I said goodbye and left. But I would have like to tell him things like these: “You should have asked me why I want your stinking job. You made the African soil poor by making us grow sugarcane and peanuts by your people. You have plundered our resources to enrich my country. You used my people as cannon fodder in your war. In that war you made them to kill your enemies in the name of freedom. But you refused them freedom in their own African soil.”
Answer:
give, go, liked, for, your,…. (to is to be removed).

Question 28.
Complete the paragraph using the correct forms or the phrasal verbs given in brackets. (5 × 1 = 5)
We were planning to (i) ______ the old mystery about the missing treasure, but we decided to (ii) ______ the thole invesngation imtil after theholiday. Ven we finally started, we had to (iii) ______ a lot of dusty documents. It took ages to (iv) ______ the coded map, and then we realized someone had already (v)______ the treasure years ago.
Answer:
i) figure out
ii) put off
iii) look into
iv) go over
v) taken away

Question 29.
Complete the following passage choosing the right words from the brackets. (6 × 1/2 = 3)
______ (i) a clear evening, I went______ (ii) a long walk in the park. I walked ______(iii) the pond, noticing how calm the water was. I realized that a good, reflective moment like this is almost impossible to have______ (iv) disconnecting from my phone. I decided to focus sounds of nature and Dictate enjoy the peace for a little longer, knowing that ______(v) quiet ______(vi) the park wouldn’t last forever. (without, by, in, on, the, for)
Answer:
i) On
ii) for
iii) by
iv) without
v) the
vi) in

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5

Question 30.
Complete the following conversation between Mr. Student and Teresa. (5 × 1 = 5)
Teresa: Good health to you, Mr. Student!
Mr. Student: To you also! What do you want?
Teresa: I want (i) ______ from you.
Mr. Student: A favour from me? (ii)______?
Teresa: I want you (iii) ______ for me.
Mr. Student: Can’t you write it yourself?
Teresa: (iv) ______
Mr. Student: Okay, sit down on that chair and (v) ______ the letter to me and I will write it down.
Answer:
i) a favour
ii) What kind of favour?
iii) to write a letter
iv) No, I can’t. I am illiterate.
v) dictate

Question 31.
Report the following dialogue: (2 × 1 = 2)
Pelayo: Elisenda, come with me to the courtyard. Elisenda: Can’t you see I am busy? I am putting pads on our sick child.
Answer:
Pelayo asked Elisenda to go with him to the courtyard. Elisenda asked him if he could not see that she was busy. She was putting pads on their sick child.

Question 32.
Using only two words from those in brackets, for each picture, write captions.
(Taking, Winners, Board, Selfie, Play, Match)
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 5 - 2
Answer:
a) Taking selfie
b) Match winners

Japan: History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12

By reviewing Kerala Syllabus 6th Standard Social Science Notes Pdf English Medium and Class 6 Social Science Chapter 12 Japan: History and the Present Notes Questions and Answers Kerala SCERT Solutions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 12 Japan: History and the Present Notes Questions and Answers

Class 6 Social Science Japan: History and the Present Notes Questions and Answers

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 12 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus

Question 1.
Observe the world map. Identify and note neighbouring countries of Japan.
Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 7
Answer:

  • Russia
  • South Korea
  • North Korea
  • China

Question 2.
Complete the worksheet.
Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 8
Answer:

JAPAN
Literature Kojiki is traditional history of Japan
Shintoism Traditional religious belief
Food Rice was the staple food in Japan
Clothing Kimono is traditional dress of Japan.

Japan: History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12

Question 3.
Collect information indicating Japan’s progress from the Meiji Restoration to its growth into an economic power. Prepare a wall magazine with this information.
Answer:
Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 11

Question 4.
List the efforts made by Japan to build an empire. Analyse how this adversely affected Japan’s growth.
Answer:
Efforts Made by Japan to Build an Empire
Strong Nationalism: After the Meiji Restoration, Japan became very proud of its country and sought to become as strong as Western nations.

Wars to Expand

  • Japan fought wars with China and Russia to gain more power and land.
  • Japan won these wars even though it was a small country.

Colonies: Japan took control of nearby territories, such as T aiwan and Korea, and made them colonies.
World War II Actions: Japan continued trying to expand and attacked Pearl Harbour in the USA during World War II.

How This Affected Japan Badly
Atomic bombs

  • Because Japan attacked Pearl Harbour, the USA dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
  • This caused huge destruction and suffering.

Japan Lost the War

  • Japan was defeated in World War II.
  • Its army was dissolved, and a new constitution was made.

Economy Destroyed

  • Many cities and industries were destroyed.
  • Japan became very poor and had to rebuild everything.

Lost All Colonies
Japan lost Taiwan, Korea, and all other lands it had taken.

Japan: History and the Present Questions and Answers Extended Activities

Question 1.
Prepare placards for an anti-war rally.
Answer:
Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 12

Question 2.
Decorate the classroom by making Sadako paper cranes and write messages of peace.
Answer:
Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 13

Question 3.
Collect pictures and information about Japanese cuisine and prepare an album! digital album.
Answer:
Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 14

Question 4.
Organise a seminar on the topic: ‘The Meiji Restoration and the Changes in Japan’.
Answer:
1. Introduction
Topic: The Meiji Restoration and the Changes in Japan Important Changes During Meiji Restoration
(a) Modem Education

  • Schools were started for all children.
  • Students learned science, maths, and languages.

(b) Modem Army and Navy

  • Japan trained its army using modem methods.
  • New uniforms and new weapons were introduced.

(c) Modem Industry

  • Japan built factories, railways, and shipyards.
  • People started using machines instead of doing everything by hand.

(d) Transport and Communication

  • Railways and roads were improved.
  • Postal services and telegram services started.

How Japan Changed

  • Japan became strong, modem, and well-developed.
  • It became one of the leading countries in Asia.
  • Japan became known for technology, discipline, and progress.

Conclusion

  • The Meiji Restoration helped Japan grow very fast.
  • It changed Japan from an old country to a modem nation.
  • Today’s successful Japan started with these changes.

Japan: History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12

Japan: History and the Present Class 6 Notes Pdf

Std 6 Social Science Japan: History and the Present Notes

  • There are thousands of islands in Japan.
  • The major four islands of Japan were Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu.
  • Japan is a country constantly facing earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
  • The longest river in Japan is the Shinano River.
  • Kojiki, written in the 8th century CE, is a work that describes the traditional history of Japan.
  • “The Tale of Genji”, written by a court lady Murasaki Shikibu, is one of the most famous among them.
  • Shintoism is the traditional religious belief in Japan.
  • The word “Shinto” means “the way of God”.
  • From ancient days rice was the staple food in Japan. This cooked food was called ‘Gohan’.
  • The Kimono is traditional dress of Japan. It was mainly used in royal courts.
  • The Samurais were a class of warriors who had influence in the administration. They served the Shoguns and the Daimyo.
  • Japan was an Asian country that escaped from the foreign domination. Many countries tried to establish trade relations with Japan.
  • The Meiji Government initiated a new policy emphasising the idea of ‘Fukoku Kyohei’ – ‘Rich Country, Strong Army’.
  • In the 1870s, Japan began a new education system.
  • Japan engaged in wars to expand its empire to China and other Asian regions.
  • Japan, devastated in the Second World War, rapidly recovered to the path of progress. This reconstruction was described as the ‘post-war miracle’.

Introduction
This chapter, “Japan: History and present”, explains that Japan is a small island country in Asia, but it has a long and exciting history. Long ago, Japan was ruled by emperors and followed old traditions. A major turning point came with the Meiji Restoration, when Japan decided to modernize and learn new ideas from the world. This helped the country grow fast in education, technology, and industry. Later, Japan made great efforts to build an empire and become powerful in Asia. Today, Japan is known for its hard work, discipline, and advanced technology. It is one of the most developed countries in the world, combining its rich traditions with modem life.

THE HISTORY OF JAPAN
Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 1

  • The major four islands of Japan were Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu.
  • Vast coastlines, high hill ranges, and mountains are the features of Japan’s geography.
  • Japan is a country constantly facing earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The rivers are generally steep and fast-flowing.
  • The longest river in Japan is the Shinano River.
  • China and Korea, the neighbouring countries of Japan, had its influence in the culture of Japan from ancient times.
  • Chinese writing system, philosophy, and literature reached Japan through Korea. In this manner, Buddhism also spread in Japan.

Literature

  • Kojiki, written in the 8th century CE, is a work that describes the traditional history of Japan. It is written in a style that combines history and legend.
  • By the 10th century CE, Japan began efforts to free itself from Chinese cultural influence. This helped Japan to develop its own unique culture.
  • They developed a new script for the Japanese language by simplifying the Chinese writing style.
  • Numerous literary works, including stories and poems, were written in the Japanese language.
  • “The Tale of Genji”, written by a court lady Murasaki Shikibu, is one of the most famous among them.

Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 2

Shintoism

  • Shintoism is the traditional religious belief in Japan.
  • The word “Shinto” means “the way of God”.
  • Deities were generally called as ‘Kami’. The most important among them was the Sun Goddess ‘Amataresu’.
  • Emperors were considered to be descendants of the Sun Goddess. These emperors were the heads of Shintoism.

Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 3

Food

  • From ancient days rice was the staple food in Japan. This cooked food was called ‘Gohan’.
  • Millets were also a part of their diet.
  • As a source of nutrition, fish w as a part of their diet. Sushi, a Japanese dish made of raw fish is now popular all over the world.
  • Asa result of Chinese influence, noodles also became a part of their diet.

Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 4

Clothing

  • The Kimono is traditional dress of Japan. It was mainly used in royal courts.
  • Kimono is worn by both women and men. It was similar to the long robes prevalent among the Chinese.

Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 5

Shogun Rule

  • Japan was ruled by emperors, for ages. However, by the 12th century, the administration of the country passed from the Emperors to the hands of military leaders known as Shoguns.
  • The Shoguns ruled in the name of the Emperor, who became a nominal ruler.
  • During this administration, Japan was divided into over 250 domains.
  • Their control was placed under the rule of lords called Daimyo.
  • The Samurais were a class of warriors who had influence in the administration. They served the Shoguns and the Daimyo.
  • The Shogun rule came to an end in Japan with the ‘Meiji Restoration’ in the 19th century.

Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 6

Japan: History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12

DAIMYO
Daimyo were feudal lords in Japan. They controlled the provinces of Japan from the 12th century to the 19th century.

MEIJI RESTORATION

  • Japan was an Asian country that escaped from the foreign domination. Many countries tried to establish trade relations with Japan.
  • Commodore Matthew Perry, an American arrived in Japan in 1853 and secured the right to have trade with them.
  • The arrival of Matthew Perry changed the political history of Japan.
  • The Shoguns were forcibly removed from power in a movement in 1868, and the emperor returned to
    power as the supreme authority.
  • The city of Edo was declared the capital. It was later renamed as Tokyo. This is known as the ‘Meiji Restoration’.

Changes In Administration

  • The Meiji Government initiated a new policy emphasising the idea of ‘Fukoku Kyohei’ – ‘Rich Country, Strong Army’.
  • To strengthen the country, the Meiji Government implemented a new administrative system. The army and the officials were brought under the direct control of the Emperor.
  • Military service was made compulsory for all young men over the age of twenty for a fixed period.

Education System
In the 1870s, Japan began a new education system.
Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 9

Economic Development
Another important aspect of the Meiji reforms was the modernisation of the economy.
Japan History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12 10

  • As a part of modernisation, numerous industries were started in Japan.
  • From small-scale industries employing less than five people, to large factories with hundreds of workers, were set up in Japan. Thus, Japan succeeded in forming a modem nation-state.

EFFORTS OF JAPAN TO BUILD AN EMPIRE

  • A nationalism centred around the state emerged in Japan with the Meiji Restoration.
  • Japan engaged in wars to expand its empire to China and other Asian regions.
  • It established a colonial empire by conquering neighbouring countries, Taiwan and Korea.

Despite being a small country, Japan defeated both China, the source of its culture and ideals and Russia the European power. Their subsequent efforts to establish their empire led to more wars. During the Second World War, Japan attacked Pearl Harbour of the United States of America. This led the United States of America to drop atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan.

The dropping of the atom bombs caused immense destruction and suffering in Japan. After the war, with
the US led invasion, Japan’s military was disbanded, and a new constitution came into existence.

Japan, devastated in the Second World War. rapidly recovered to the path of progress. This reconstruction was described as the ‘post-war miracle’. The Olympics conducted in the capital, Tokyo in 1964 was a declaration of Japan’s comeback. The industrial and commercial sectors grew rapidly. The bullet train network that could run at a speed of up to 200 miles per hour, started during the same period, was a proof of Japan’s technological expertise. By the 1970s. Japan emerged as a major economic power in the world. Japan is a direct example of how to become one of the world’s economic powers by utilising political and technological capabilities.

Japan: History and the Present Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 12

WORLD WARS
The First World War (1914-1918) and the Second World War (1939-1945) were the two wars in the 20th century that caused great terror and changes in human history. The atom bomb was first used in the Second World War.

Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10

By reviewing Kerala Syllabus 6th Standard Social Science Notes Pdf English Medium and Class 6 Social Science Chapter 10 Through the Oceans Notes Questions and Answers Kerala SCERT Solutions, students can improve their conceptual understanding.

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 10 Through the Oceans Notes Questions and Answers

Class 6 Social Science Through the Oceans Notes Questions and Answers

Class 6 Social Science Chapter 10 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus

Question 1.
Complete the concept map after observing the given pictures.
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 4
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 5
Answer:
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 6

Question 2.
What are the water sources that we use for our daily needs?
Answer:

  • Spring
  • Well
  • Borewell
  • River

Question 3.
Complete the list related to the Pacific Ocean.
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 9
Answer:

Major islands The deepest point Continents bordering the ocean
Philippines, Japan, Hawaii and New Zealand The Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench Asia, Australia, North America and South America

Question 4.
Prepare the identity card of Atlantic Ocean. Ans:
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 10
Answer:
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 11

Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10

Question 5.
Read the news headlines given below. Which is the ocean bordering this port?
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 12
Answer:
Indian Ocean

Question 6.
Find the countries that share their borders with the Indian Ocean, using an atlas or a globe.
Answer:

  • Africa: South Africa, Kenya, Tanzania, Somalia, Mozambique, Madagascar, Comoros, Mauritius, and Seychelles.
  • Asia: India, Pakistan, Iran, Oman, Yemen, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Indonesia.
  • Oceania: Australia and East Timor (Timor-Leste).

Question 7.
Complete the worksheet related to oceans.
Answer:

Oceans Position in size Deepest point/ Part Major islands
Southern Ocean Fourth position The Factorian deep in the South Sandwich Trench Dolleman and Heard
Arctic Ocean Smallest Ocean The Molloy Deep
Pacific Ocean Largest Ocean The Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench Philippines, Japan, Hawaii and New Zealand
Atlantic Ocean Second largest The Milwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rico Trench Newfoundland and Iceland
Indian Ocean Third largest Java Trench Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Maldives and Sri Lanka

Question 8.
Let us complete the concept map.
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 13
Answer:
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 14

Question 9.
How do oceans iniluence our lives? List after earnining the picture.
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 15
Answer:

  • Regulates the climate
  • Support tourism
  • Provide a livelihood through fishing
  • Maritime transportation helps in maintaining international trade

Question 10.
Prepare theme songs related to water conservation.
Answer:
(Hints)
Turn off the tap, don’t let it flow,
Plant more trees and watch them grow.
Keep our lakes and streams so clean,
For a healthy world, fresh and green.

Through the Oceans Questions and Answers Extended Activities

Question 1.
Collect more information on oceans and their features and prepare a digital presentation.
Answer:
(Hints)
Step 1: Start with a title slide
Step 2 : Explain the features of each ocean
Step 3: Include water cycle
Step 4: Add the importance of oceans .
Step 5: Add conservation measures
Step 6: Include Pictures and Map
Step 7: Conclusion

Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10

Question 2.
Prepare a digital album on news and pictures related to water pollution.
Answer:
(Hints)
Step 1: Create a Title Page .
Step 2: Collect Recent News (River pollution, Ocean plastic pollution, Industrial waste in water bodies)
Step 3: Add relevant Pictures
Step 4: Add Captions Under Each Picture
Step 5: End with a Conclusion Page

Question 3.
Organise an elocution competition on the topic ‘Ocean and Human beings’ under the auspices of the Social Science Club, on World Ocean Day.
Answer:
(Hints: Organise an elocution competition by using the given steps)
Step 1: Decide the Details (Date, Time, and Venue)
Step 2: Registration of Participants
Step 3: Arrange Judges
Step 4: Prepare the Programme
Step 5: Announce Results
Step 6: Vote of Thanks

Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Pdf

Std 6 Social Science Through the Oceans Notes

  • Water is one uf the major components that retains life on the earth. .
  • Seventy one percent of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
  • The hydrosphere is the total mass of water found in the earth’s surface, interior and atmosphere in solid, liquid and gaseous state.
  • The water in the hydrosphere moving cyclically through the processes of evaporation, condensation and precipitation is known as watercycle.
  • 97% of water on earth is saline water. Only 3% of total water on earth is fresh water.
  • Oceans are vast water bodies that are situated among continents.
  • Seas and bays are parts of oceans.
  • The scientific study of oceans is known as Oceanography.
  • World Ocean Day is observed on June 8 every year.
  • The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean. About one third of the earth’s surface is covered by this ocean.
  • The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean. It appears like the letter ‘S’ in the English alphabet. The Indian Ocean is the only ocean named after a country. This is the third largest ocean in the world. The ocean that surrounds Antarctica is the Southern Ocean.
  • The Arctic Ocean is situated mostly within the Arctic circle.
  • Waves are movements created by the wind on the surface of the ocean.
  • In addition to the waves, ocean water movements include high tides, low tides and ocean currents. High tides and low tides are phenomena of rising and falling of sea level at fixed intervals. The rise in the sea level is called a high tide and the fall is called a low tide.
  • Ocean current is a phenomenon by which water flows through the ocean in a fixed direction through a fixed path. Such currents are there in all the oceans.
  • Factors such as the wind, variations in the temperature and salinity of the ocean, and the rotation of the earth are some of the reasons that influence ocean currents.
  • Human beings have depended on oceans for their livelihood since ancient times.
  • Dumping of chemicals and other dangerous substances are a threat to the marine ecosystem.

Introduction
The chapter “Through the Oceans” helps us understand the vast water bodies that cover most of our planet and play an important role in our lives. It explains the major oceans of the world, their special features, and the different movements of ocean water such as waves, tides, and currents. The chapter also describes important processes like evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, which show how oceans are linked to the water cycle. By learning about oceans, we discover how they influence climate, support rich marine life, and provide valuable resources for human beings. It also reminds us of the need to protect oceans from pollution and overuse. This chapter helps us appreciate the importance of oceans and encourages us to care for them for a healthier planet.

WATER

  • Water is one of the major components that retains life on the earth. Seventy one percent of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
  • As a result of circulation of water (water cycle) in the hydrosphere water in the water sources do not get depleted despite its use.
  • The hydrosphere is the total mass of water found in the earth’s surface, interior and atmosphere in solid, liquid and gaseous state.

Sources of Water
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 1

Water Cycle
Water cycle is the continuous circulation of water on the earth, under its surface and in the atmosphere.
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 2

  • The different sources of water on the earth turns into vapour through evaporation. The vapour thus formed becomes clouds through condensation. In addition to clouds, fog and dew are other forms of condensation.
  • Water droplets from the clouds reach the earth, through precipitation. Rain, snow fall and hailstones are the different forms of precipitation.
  • The water in the hydrosphere moving cyclically through the processes of evaporation, condensation and precipitation is known as watercycle.
  • Water is an inevitable factor for the survival of life. But the distribution of water is not the same everywhere on Earth.

Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 3

  • 97% of water on earth is saline water. Only 3% of total water on earth is fresh water. A major quantity of this fresh water lies frozen in ice sheets and glaciers. Hence, very limited amount of fresh water is available for living beings.
  • Just like fresh water, marine water is also essential for the existence of human beings.
  • Oceans play a vital role in regulating the weather and supporting habitats. It also provides resources essential for human life.

Evaporation: The process by which a liquid changes into gaseous form with the help of heat. Condensation: The process by which water vapour in the air cools to form water.

Precipitation: The process by which water particles fall on earth as the clouds cannot hold it further , due to its increased weight and size, as a result of continuous condensation.

OCEANS
Oceans are vast water bodies that are situated among continents.
Seas and bays are parts of oceans. The scientific study of oceans is known as Oceanography. Oceanography helps in understanding the complex movement of water in oceans. Moreover, the study helps in addressing challenges like climate change, ocean pollution and depletion of biodiversity. Oceans play a vital role in sustaining life on earth.

Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10

World Ocean Day

  • World Ocean Day is observed on June 8 every year.
  • The main objective of this day is to realise the importance of oceans in our life. The unscientific intervention of human beings affects the marine habitat adversely. Therefore, this day reminds us of the need to conserve oceans.
  • Sea : A part of ocean that is partially surrounded by land is called a sea. E.g: The Arabian Sea
  • Bay: A bay is a part of the ocean that extends into the land. E.g: The Bay of Bengal
  • Strait: A strait is a narrow strip of water that connects two seas or oceans and is located between land areas. E.g: The Palk Strait

Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 7
Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10 8

1. Pacific Ocean
The name ‘Pacific’ was given by Ferdinand Magellan, an explorer. Magellan called it ‘Mar Pacifico’ which means ‘peace’. He named it ‘Pacific’ because he felt that it was calmer than the Atlantic Ocean.

  • The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean. About one third of the earth’s surface is covered by this ocean.
  • Asia, Australia, North America and South America are the continents that are bordered by the Pacific Ocean.
  • The largest number of islands are found in this ocean. Philippines, Japan, Hawaii and New Zealand are some of the major islands in the Pacific.
  • The Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench located in the Pacific Ocean is the deepest point on the earth. Several trenches and active volcanoes are the features of this ocean.
  • Point Nemo is the farthest point on ocean from the land. From this point, one has to travel more than 2000 kms to reach the nearest point on land. Point Nemo is situated in the Pacific Ocean.

2. The Atlantic Ocean

  • The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean. It appears like the letter ‘S’ in the English alphabet. The busiest sea route in the world is situated in the Atlantic Ocean.
  • The oceanic ridge called the Mid-Atlantic Ridge situated in the middle of the ocean is another feature of the Atlantic. The Milwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rico Trench is the deepest point. Newfoundland and Iceland are some of the important islands in the Atlantic Ocean. North America, South America, Africa and Europe are the continents that are bordered by the Atlantic Ocean.

3. Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the only ocean named after a country. This is the third largest ocean in the world. Africa, Asia and Australia are the continents lying close to the Indian Ocean. The Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea are parts of the Indian Ocean. Java Trench is the deepest part in this ocean. Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Maldives and Sri Lanka are major islands in this ocean. The Malacca Strait connects the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.

4. The Southern Ocean

  • The ocean that surrounds Antarctica is the Southern Ocean.
  • The Southern Ocean surrounds Antarctica to almost 60° South Latitude. This ocean shares its borders with all the oceans except the Arctic Ocean.
  • The Southern ocean is fourth in position with regard to its size. Dolleman and Heard are some of the islands in this ocean. The Factorian deep in the South Sandwich Trench is the deepest point in this ocean.

5. The Arctic Ocean

  • The Arctic Ocean is situated mostly within the Arctic circle.
  • The North Pole is in the Arctic Ocean. This is the smallest and shallowest ocean. This area is mostly frozen throughout the year. The Molloy Deep is the deepest point in this ocean. The Arctic Ocean is the northernmost border of Asia, Europe and North America.

OCEAN AND MOVEMENTS

  • Waves are movements created by the wind on the surface of the ocean.
  • The energy flow generated by the wind creates ups and downs on the surface of the sea. Waves are usually formed when the wind blows over the surface of the water. These continuous ups and downs of the ocean water are called waves. The size of the waves increases with respect to the increase in the speed of the wind. In addition to the waves, ocean water movements include high tides, low tides and ocean currents.
  • High tides and low tides are phenomena of rising and falling of sea level at fixed intervals. The rise in
    the sea level is called a high tide and the fall is called a low tide.
  • Like rivers, water in the ocean is flowing through it for several kilometres. Ocean current is a
    phenomenon by which water flows through the ocean in a fixed direction through a fixed path. Such currents are there in all the oceans.
  • Factors such as the wind, variations in the temperature and salinity of the ocean, and the rotation of the earth are some of the reasons that influence ocean currents.
  • Mineral salts are dissolved in water from all sources. But, the amount of salts in seawater is comparatively high. That is why seawater remains salty. Salinity is the total amount of all the mineral salts dissolved in water.

High tide and Low tide
The gravitational force of the sun and the moon and the centrifugal force result in the rise and fall of the sea level that are called high tide and low tide. High tides are caused by the gravitational force on the side of the earth that faces the moon and due to centrifugal force on the opposite side at,the same time. Low tides are experienced on other parts of the earth at this time.

OCEANS AND HUMAN BEINGS
Oceans are the sources of precious resources. Human beings have depended on oceans for their livelihood since ancient times.

  • Along with seafood, oceans provide other resources as well.
  • Maritime transportation helps in maintaining international trade.
  • The oceans play a significant role in regulating global warming and producing oxygen.
  • Coasts are also popular tourist destinations.

OCEAN POLLUTION
Oceans face several challenges. Pollution is the greatest issue. Dumping of chemicals and other dangerous substances are a threat to the marine ecosystem. Not only oceans, but also fresh water sources like rivers, lakes etc., are affected by pollution.

Through the Oceans Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Social Science Chapter 10

Ways to Conserve Oceans
It is essential to conserve the marine ecosystem, which is home to a great variety of animals and plants ranging from micro-organisms to the blue whale. Misuse of water and its pollution is a threat to the existence of life on the earth.

  • Prevent plastic, chemicals etc., from reaching the oceans.
  • Keep the coast free from pollution.
  • Create awareness on conservation of ocean.
  • Control unsustainable fishing.
  • Preserve the marine ecosystem
  • Use renewable energy to reduce ocean warming.

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus

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Class 6 Basic Science Chapter 6 Tiny Chambers of Life Question Answer Notes

Basic Science Class 6 Chapter 6 Question Answer Notes Tiny Chambers of Life

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Questions and Answers Notes

Let’s Assess

Question 1.
Some statements related to cells are given
A. All cells have cell wall.
B. All cells have cell membrane.
C. All cells have chloroplast.
D. All cells have cytoplasm.
Answer:
A, and C

Question 2.
Read the given statement. ‘Plant body is made up of cells. Animal body is made up of cells.’ What conclusion can be drawn from these statements?

  • There is no diversity among the cells of living organisms.
  • Cells are the building blocks of all things.
  • Cells are the building blocks of all living things.
  • Organ systems in animal body and plant body are the same.

Answer:
Cells are the building blocks of all living things

Question 3.
Arrange the following in sequential order.
Cells, Organisms, Tissues, Organ system, Organ
Answer:
Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ systems → Organism

Question 4.
Unicellular organisms have smaller cells, and multicellular organisms have larger cells. What is your response to this statement?
Answer:
This statement is not true. That is, the idea that unicellular organisms h^ve small cells and multicellular organisms have large cells is wrong. The size of an organism is determined not by the size of the cell, but by the number of cells. It is not necessary that unicellular organisms have small cells.

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus

Basic Science Class 6 Chapter 6 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus

Question 1.
We cannot see cells with our naked eye. What could be the reason?
Answer:
Our eyes cannot see objects smaller than a certain point. Most cells are much smaller than that. With our naked eyes, we can only clearly see objects about 0.1 millimetres, or 100 micrometres, in size. Since most cells are smaller than this, we cannot see them even though they are right in front of our eyes.

Question 2.
Observe the given picture and record the parts of the microscope in your Science Diary.
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 3
Answer:

  • Eyepiece
  • Objective lens
  • Adjustment Knobs
  • Stage
  • Stage clips
  • Condenser
  • Mirror

Question 3.
With the help of the picture, write down what parts the cells in the cheek (animal cell) have.
Answer:

  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus

Question 4.
Aren’t plants also living? Are they also made of cells like this? What is your guess?
Answer:
Cells are the building blocks of life. Plants are also made up of these cells.

Question 5.
The organisms you observed through the microscope are unicellular organisms. Observe the picture and write their names.
Answer:

  • Amoeba
  • Paramecium
  • Euglena

Question 6.
Which are the life processes carried out in multicellular organisms?
Answer:

  • Movement
  • Nutrition
  • Respiration
  • Digestion
  • Excretion
  • Reproduction

Question 7.
Do unicellular organisms also have all the same life processes as in multicellular organisms? Discuss.
Answer:
Life processes are the sum of all the basic functions that organisms need to survive and grow. All of these functions occur in both unicellular and multicellular organisms, but the way they are performed differs. In unicellular organisms, all life processes are performed by a single cell.

Question 8.
Complete the given table by understanding the characteristics of unicellular and multicellular organisms.
Answer:

Unicellular organisms Multicellular organisms.
Possess a single cell The body is made up of many cells
All life activities are done by a single cell Each life function has specific cells and organs.
They have a simple body structure. They have a complex body structure..
E.g., Amoeba, Paramecium, Yeast, Bacteria. E.g., Elumans, animals, plants (trees), insects.

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus

Question 9.
Observe the pictures given below. What do you see? What are their peculiarities? Write it in your Science Diary.
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 7
Answer:
Unicellular organism – Paramecium (only one cell)
Special features: This single cell performs all the vital functions such as respiration, nutrition, excretion, reproduction, and movement. They do not need the help of another to survive on their own. They often reproduce by dividing the cell into two (Binary Fission).

Cells in multicellular organisms – cheek cells, onion cells
Special features: The body is made up of billions of cells. Cells that do the same job are grouped together to form tissues, and tissues are grouped together to form organs. Each cell has its own specific job (for example: muscle cells help in movement). Since each cell does a specific job, the work is done accurately and efficiently. It cannot exist alone. It can only function by cooperating with other cells in the body. Due to the cooperation between cells, they are able to have more complex body structures and functions.

Question 10.
Identify and list the different parts of a cell with the help of the picture.
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 8
Answer:

  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Mitochondrion
  • Ribosome
  • Vacuole

Question 11.
Analyse the table and discuss the role of each part of the cell based on the given indicators. Record it in your Science Diary.
(a) What is the function of cell membrane?
Answer:
It covers and protects the cell.

(b) Which is the part that controls the entire cell?
Answer:
Nucleus

(c) Which cell organelle works as the powerhouse of the cell?
Answer:
Mitochondrion

(d) Which organelle acts as the pathway within the cell?
Answer:
Endoplasmic reticulum

(e) What is the difference between the function of a vacuole and that of a ribosome?
Answer:
The function of the vacuole is to store water, salts, and waste products inside the cell. However, the ribosome is the cell organelle that functions as the centre of protein production.

Question 12.
Observe the picture and understand the parts of a plant cell.
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 9
Answer:

  • Cell wall
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Mitochondrion
  • Ribosome
  • Vacuole
  • Chloroplast

Question 13.
How do plant cells differ from animal cells? Do you see any part in plant cells that is different from animal cells? Analyse the figure and write.
Answer:

  • Chloroplast
  • Cell wall
  • Vacuole (Difference in size)

The list of plant cell parts that differ from animal cells and their functions are given below in the table.

Parts of cell Function
Cell wall Protects the cell
Chloroplast Helps in photosynthesis

 

The nucleus is an important cell organelle inside the cell. Vacuole, ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion, chloroplast, etc, seen in the cytoplasm are other cell organelles.

Question 14.
Tabulate the similarities and differences between the animal cell and the plant cell.
Answer:

Similarities between a plant cell and an animal cell Differences between a plant cell and an animal cell
  • Both have the nucleus, which is the centre of the cell and controls its functions.
  • The cell membrane
    • Mitochondria
    • Ribosomes
    • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Golgi apparatus, and other organelles are also found in both.
  • Plant cells have a cell wall in addition to the cell membrane that found in animal cells.
  • Plastids are present in plant cells but not in animal cells.
  • Vacuole: A single, larger, vacuole in plant cells, smaller, and sometimes absent in animal cells.

Question 15.
Isn’t the body made up of cells? If so, do we have the same type of cells in all parts of our body?
Answer:
No, not all parts of our body have the same type of cells. Although the body is made up of billions of cells, cells vary greatly in shape and structure to perform the specific functions of each part. This phenomenon is called cell differentiation.

Question 16.
Observe the given picture. What do you see?
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 12
Answer:

  • Lungs
  • Trachea
  • Nostrils

Question 17.
Are the lungs, trachea, and nostrils organs?
Answer:
Yes, different organs function in coordination; they form an organ system. The lung is an organ. Similarly, nostrils and trachea are also organs. Together, they form the respiratory system.

The circulatory system is another organ system in our body. An organism is made up of different organ systems, like this.

Question 18.
Complete the flowchart and record it in the Science Diary.
The journey of a cell to an organism
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 13
Answer:
Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ systems → Organism

Class 6 Basic Science Chapter 6 Question Answer Extended Activities

Question 1.
Prepare slides of plant parts and observe them under microscope.
Answer:
Do ityourself

Question 2.
Collect information related to Robert Hooke and history of cells from the library or internet. Prepare notes and present them in the class.
Ans:
Robert Hooke – Discovery of the Cell:
Robert Hooke (1635-1703) was an English scientist, architect, and physicist. He is remembered in the history of science, especially for his discovery of the basic unit of life, the cell.

Major Contributions:

  • Discovery of the Cell: In 1665, he observed thin sections of cork using a microscope he designed.
  • The name ‘cell’: Within this core, he saw many small, empty, honeycomb-like chambers. He used the Latin word ‘cellulae’, meaning ‘small rooms’, for these chambers. This is what later became known as ‘cell’.
  • “Micrographia”: A book published in 1665 by Hooke explaining his observations. It is the first book to include drawings of microscopic organisms and objects.

Cell History:
The study of cells developed further about 150 years after the discovery of cells. It was in the 19th century that the idea that cells are the basis of all living things was confirmed. This is the Cell Theory.

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus

Tiny Chambers of Life Notes Pdf

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Kerala Syllabus

  • Our body is built up of basic units called cells. They are the basic units of all living things.
  • The human body is made up of millions of cells.
  • Cells are very tiny. They cannot be seen using a hand lens.
  • We use a microscope to observe things that cannot be seen by naked eyes.
  • Unicellular organisms are organisms that have only one cell.
  • An organism whose body is made up of more than one cell is a multicellular organism. We can see multicellular organisms with our naked eyes as they have numerous cells.
  • There are specific members within the cell responsible for performing each function. These are called cell organelles. Cell organelles found within the cells are also different. Their functions are also different.
  • The nucleus is an important cell organelle inside the cell. Vacuole, ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion, chloroplast, etc, seen in the cytoplasm are other cell organelles.
  • We grow not because of the increase in the size of cells in our body, but because of the increase in their number.
  • There are about two hundred different types of cells, such as nerve cells, blood cells, and muscle cells. They all have different functions. They also vary in shape.
  • Cells that are similar in shape and perform the same function are collectively called tissues.
  • Skin is the part that covers and protects the body of animals. It is a group of cells. These are the epithelial tissues.
  • Cells combine to form tissues. Many tissues combine to form various organs.
  • Different organs function in coordination; they form an organ system.
    Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ systems → Organism

Introduction
A cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. Just as bricks are the basic units of a building, cells are the building blocks of every living thing—from the smallest bacteria to a massive whale, and every plant and animal in between. The study of cells is known as Cell Biology or Cytology.
Cells are incredible, self-contained units capable of carrying out all the essential processes necessary for survival, including: Metabolism, Reproduction, Response to Stimuli, etc.

While cells come in countless shapes and sizes (like long nerve cells or disc-shaped red blood cells), they share three primary, universal components: Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, and Organelles. There are many types of cells, including nerve cells, muscle cells, skin cells, and blood cells, each with specialised functions.

A cluster of cells can form a tissue, such as epithelial tissue, where the cells are tightly packed together to form a protective layer. In this chapter, we are going to study some topics regarding cells, the microscope and its various parts, observation of different types of cells, the difference between plant and animal cells, the size and number of cells, diversity among cells, cell clusters, organ systems in the human body and the journey of a cell to an organism.

CELLS

  • Our body is built up of basic units called cells.
  • They are the basic units of all living things.
  • The human body is made up of millions of cells.
  • There are many small and large organisms around us. Their bodies are also made up of cells.

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 1
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 2

MICROSCOPE

  • Cells are very tiny.
  • They cannot be seen using a hand lens.
  • We use a microscope to observe things that cannot be seen by naked eyes.

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 3

Let’s Observe Cells
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 4

  • Cells can easily be taken from the inner part of the cheek.
  • Materials needed to do an experiment to see how it works when taking cheek cells:
    Toothpick, slide, methylene blue stain, cover, glass.
  • Procedure: Rinse the mouth thoroughly with clean water. Gently scrape the inside of the cheek using a toothpick. Cheek cells get attached to the tip of the toothpick. Place these cheek cells at the centre of the slide.
  • Add a drop of methylene blue stain to it. Place a cover glass over it. Place the slide on the microscope and observe.

Let’s Observe The Cells In The Onion: Activity
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 5

  • Materials Required: Onion, blade, forceps, needle, watch glass, safranine stain, glycerine, pure water, cover glass, tissue paper, slide
  • Procedure: Take a thin layer from a cleaned onion using forceps.
  • Cut it into small pieces and place them in a watch glass containing a dilute safranine stain. After some time, take two or three pieces of stained onion from the watch glass and place it in another watch glass containing pure water. Take one piece from pure water and place it in glycerine on the slide. Place a cover glass over this with the help of a needle. Wipe off excess glycerine with tissue paper. Observe the prepared slide under the microscope.

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus

Wonder World In A Drop Of Water – Activity

  • Aim: Observe a drop of water through a microscope.
  • Materials Required: Microscope, cover glass, water boiled with hay and cooled, water collected from pond/paddy fields, spoon.
  • Procedure: Pour some water collected from the pond/paddy field into the water boiled with hay.
    Keep it for four or five days. Take a drop of water from this water sample on a slide. Place a cover glass over it and observe it under the microscope

Observation:
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 6

Conclusion: Microorganisms like the one in the picture can be seen through a microscope. Although they are microorganisms, their bodies are also made up of cells.

Robert Hooke
The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 165. He observed a small portion of cork taken from an oak tree through a microscope designed by him. He found numerous areas like tiny chambers. He called it ‘Celia.’ The Latin word Cella’ means a small room. Now we call it ‘cell.

UNICELLULAR AND MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS

Unicellular Organisms

  • Unicellular organisms are organisms that have only one cell.
  • As the number of cells is.less, we cannot see them with our naked eyes.

Multicellular Organisms

  • An organism whose body is made up of more than one cell is a multicellular organism.
  • We can see multicellular organisms with our naked eyes as they have numerous cells.

Examples of multicellular organisms include:

  • Tapeworm
  • Leech
  • Cockroach
  • Starfish
  • Fish
  • Frog
  • Eagle
  • Gerden lizard
  • Elephant

INTO THE CELL

Cell Organelles

  • There are specific members within the cell responsible for perfonning each function. These are called cell organelles.
  • Cell organelles found within the cells are also different. Their functions are also different.

Parts of Cell And Their Functions
The different parts of the animal cell and their functions are given in the table.

Parts of cell Function
Cell membrane Covers the cell
Cytoplasm Holds the cell parts inside the cell, except nucleus
Nucleus Controls cellular activities.
Vacuole Stores water, salt and excretory products
Ribosome Synthesises protein.
Endoplasmic reticulum Acts as intracellular pathway
Mitochondrion Synthesises energy

Plant Cell

Small And Large
We grow not because of the increase in the size of cells in our body, but because of the increase in their number.
The difference in size between organisms is also due to differences in the number of cells.

DIVERSITY AMONG CELLS

  • The human body is made up of different types of cells.
  • There are about two hundred different types of cells, such as nerve cells, blood cells, and muscle cells.

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 10

Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus

CLUSTERS OF CELLS
Cells that are similar in shape and perform the same function are collectively called tissues.
Skin is the part that covers and protects the body of animals. It is a group of cells. These are the epithelial tissues.
The body has different types of tissues, like nervous tissues and muscular tissues.
Nervous tissues are formed by the combination of nerve cells, and muscular tissues are formed by the combination of muscle cells.
Various such tissues are also found in plants.
Cells combine to form tissues. Many tissues combine to form various organs. For example: liver, heart.
Tiny Chambers of Life Class 6 Notes Questions and Answers Basic Science Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus 11

Class 10 Maths Chapter 12 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus ഘനരൂപങ്ങൾ

When preparing for exams, Kerala State Syllabus Std 10 Maths Textbook Solutions Chapter 12 ഘനരൂപങ്ങൾ Important Extra Questions and Answers Malayalam Medium can save valuable time.

SSLC Maths Chapter 12 Important Questions Malayalam Medium ഘനരൂപങ്ങൾ

Solids Class 10 Extra Questions Kerala Syllabus Malayalam Medium

Question 1.
96 സെന്റീമീറ്റർ നീളമുള്ള ഒരു ചെമ്പുകമ്പി 8 തുല്യഭാഗങ്ങളാക്കുന്നു, അറ്റങ്ങൾ ചേർത്ത് സമചതുര സ്തൂപിക ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നു.
(a) സ്തൂപികയുടെ ചരിവുയരം കണക്കാക്കുക?
(b) പാർശ്വമുഖം പൊതിയുന്നതിന് ആവശ്യമായ കടലാസിന്റെ പരപ്പളവ് കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a) പാർശ്വമുഖങ്ങൾ സമഭുജത്രികോണങ്ങളാണ്.
ഒരു വശം = \(\frac {96}{8}\) = 12
ചരിവുയരം 6√3 സെ.മീ

(b) ഒരു പാർശ്വമുഖത്തിന്റെ പരപ്പളവ് = \(\frac {1}{2}\) × 12 × 6√3 = 36√3 ച.സെ.മീ
പാർശ്വമുഖപരപ്പളവ് = 4 × 36√3 = 144√3 ച.സെ.മീ

Question 2.
ഒരു സമചതുരസ്തൂപികയുടെ പാദവക്കിന്റെ നീളം ഉന്നതിയുടെ രണ്ട് മടങ്ങാണ്. പാദചുറ്റളവ് 40 ആയാൽ
(a) ചരിവുയരം കണക്കാക്കുക?
(b) പാർശ്വമുഖപരപ്പളവ് കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
പാദവക്കിന്റെ പകുതിയാണ് ഉന്നതി.
പാദചുറ്റളവ് 40 സെ.മീ, പാദവക്ക് 10 സെ.മീ, ഉന്നതി
ചരിവുയരം = 5√2 സെ.മീ
പാർശ്വമുഖപരപ്പളവ് = 4 × \(\frac {1}{2}\) × 10 × 5√2 = 100√2 ച.സെ.മീ

Class 10 Maths Chapter 12 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus ഘനരൂപങ്ങൾ

Question 3.
ചിത്രത്തിൽ ഒരു സമചതുര സ്തൂപികയുടെ ഒരു പാർശ്വമുഖം കാണിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു. ഇതിന്റെ വശ ങ്ങൾ 5 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm എന്നിങ്ങനെയാണ്. സമ ചതുര സ്തൂപികയുടെ ചരിവുയരം എത്രയാ യിരിക്കും?
Class 10 Maths Chapter 12 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus ഘനരൂപങ്ങൾ Q3
(a) 3 cm
(b) 4 cm
(c) 5 cm
(d) 6 cm
Answer:
(b) 4 cm
ചിത്രത്തിൽ ത്രികോണത്തിന്റെ ഉയരമാണ് സ്തൂപികയുടെ ചരിവുയരം.
∴ ചരിവുയരം = \(\sqrt{5^2-3^2}=\sqrt{16}\) = 4 cm

Question 4.
രണ്ടു അർദ്ധഗോളങ്ങളുടെ ആരങ്ങളുടെ അനു പാതം 1 : 2 ആണ്. അവയുടെ ഉപരിതല പരപ്പള വുകളുടെ അനുപാതം എന്താണ്?
(a) 1 : 2
(b) 1 : 8
(c) 1 : 4
(d) 1 : 16
Answer:
(c) 1 : 4
ആരങ്ങളുടെ അനുപാതം 1 : 2 ആണ്.
അർദ്ധ ഗോളത്തിന്റെ ഉപരിതല പരപ്പളവ് = 3πr2
ഉപരിതല പരപ്പളവിൽ ആരം രണ്ടാംകൃതിയി ലാണ്.
അതിനാൽ, ഉപരിതല പരപ്പളവുകളുടെ അനുപാതം = 12 : 22 = 1 : 4

Question 5.
ചുവടെയുള്ള പ്രസ്താവനകൾ നോക്കുക.
പ്രസ്താവന (A): നീളം 2 ആയ ഒരു കമ്പി തുല്യ മായി മുറിച്ചു, അതിന്റെ അറ്റങ്ങൾ കൂട്ടിച്ചേർത്തു ഒരു സമചതുര സ്തൂപിക ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നു.
സ്തൂപികയുടെ ചരിവുയരം \(\frac{a}{2} \sqrt{3}\) ആണ്.
പ്രസ്താവന (B): പാർശ്വമുഖങ്ങൾ സമഭുജ ത്രികോണങ്ങളാണ്, അതിന്റെ ഉയരം വശങ്ങ ളുടെ നീളത്തിന്റെ √3 മടങ്ങാണ്.
(a) പ്രസ്താവന A ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന B തെറ്റ്
(b) പ്രസ്താവന B ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന A തെറ്റ്
(c) രണ്ടും ശരിയാണ്. പ്രസ്താവന A യുടെ കാരണമാണ് പ്രസ്താവന B
(d) രണ്ടും ശരിയാണ്. പ്രസ്താവന A യുടെ കാരണമല്ല പ്രസ്താവന B
Answer:
(b) പ്രസ്താവന B ശരിയാണ്, പ്രസ്താവന A തെറ്റ്
സമചതുരസ്തൂപികയ്ക്ക് 8 വക്കുകളുണ്ട് (4 പാദവക്കുകളും, 4 പാർശ്വവക്കുകളും).
അതിനാൽ, നീളം a ആയ കമ്പിയെ 8 തുല്യ ഭാഗങ്ങളാക്കിയാൽ, ഓരോ വക്കും \(\frac {a}{8}\) ആയി രിക്കും.
അതിനാൽ പാർശ്വമുഖങ്ങൾ സമഭുജ ത്രികോണങ്ങൾ ആയിരിക്കും.
പ്രസ്താവന (A) യുടെ ആദ്യഭാഗം ശരിയാണ്.
സമഭുജത്രികോണത്തിന്റെ ഉയരം
\(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \times \frac{a}{8}=\sqrt{3} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{a}{8}\)
സമഭുജത്രികോണത്തിന്റെ ഉയരം അതിന്റെ വശങ്ങളുടെ √3 മടങ്ങാണ്.
അതിനാൽ പ്രസ്താവന (B) ശരിയാണ്.
ചരിവുയരം = സമഭുജത്രികോണത്തിന്റെ ഉയരം
= \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \times \frac{a}{8}=\frac{a \sqrt{3}}{16} \neq \frac{a}{2} \sqrt{3}\)
അതിനാൽ, പ്രസ്താവന (A) തെറ്റാണ്.

Question 6.
ഒരു സമചതുരസ്തൂപികയുടെ പാദപരപ്പളവ് 100 ചതുരശ്ര സെന്റീമീറ്റർ, ചരിവുയരം 13 സെ.മീ
(a) സ്തൂപികയുടെ ഉന്നതി എത്
(b) സ്തൂപികയുടെ വ്യാപ്തം എത്ര
Answer:
പാദപരപ്പളവ് 100 ചതുരശ്ര സെ.മീ, വശം 10 സെ.മീ
(a) ഉയരം = \(\sqrt{13^2-5^2}\) = 12 സെ.മീ
(b) വ്യാപ്തം = \(\frac {1}{3}\) × 100 × 12 = 400 സെ.മീ

Class 10 Maths Chapter 12 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus ഘനരൂപങ്ങൾ

Question 7.
ഒരു മരത്തിന്റെ സമചതുര സ്തംഭത്തിൽനിന്നും അതേ പാദപരപ്പളവും ഉയരവുമുള്ള സമചതുര സ്തൂപിക ചെത്തിയെറുക്കുന്നു.പാദപരപ്പളവ് 400 ചതുരശ്രസെമീ, ഉയരം 24 സെ.മീ.
(a) വ്യാപ്തം എത്രയാണ്?
(b) ചരിവുയരം എത്രയാണ്?
(c) ഉപരിതല പരപ്പളവ് കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a) വ്യാപ്തം = \(\frac {1}{3}\) × 400 × 24 = 3200 സെ.മീ
(b) ചരിവുയരം = \(\sqrt{10^2+24^2}\) = √676 = 26 സെ.മീ
(c) ഉപരിതല പരപ്പളവ് = 400 + 4 × \(\frac {1}{2}\) × 20 × 26 = 1440 cm2

Question 8.
രണ്ട് വൃത്തസ്തൂപികകളുടെ ആരങ്ങൾ തമ്മി ലുള്ള അംശബന്ധം 1 : 2 ആണ്. ഉയരങ്ങൾ തമ്മി ലുള്ള അംശബന്ധം 2 : 1 ആണ്
(a) വ്യാപ്തങ്ങൾ തമ്മിലുള്ള അംശബന്ധം എത്ര?
(b) ചെറിയ സ്തൂപികയുടെ വ്യാപ്തം 10 ആയാൽ വലിയ സ്തൂപികയുടെ വ്യാപ്തം എത്ര?
Answer:
(a) (12 × 2 : 22 × 1) = 1 : 2
(b) 20 സെ.മീ

Question 9.
20 സെന്റീമീറ്റർ ആരമുള്ള വൃത്തത്തകിട് 4 തുല്യ വൃത്താംശങ്ങളാക്കുന്നു. അതിലൊന്ന് മടക്കി വൃത്തസ്തൂപിക ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നു.
(a) ചരിവുയരം എത്
(b) സ്തൂപികയുടെ ആരം എത്
Answer:
(a) 20 സെ.മീ
(b) 5 സെ.മീ

Question 10.
30 സെന്റീമീറ്റർ വക്കിന്റെ നീളവും 20 സെന്റീമീറ്റർ ഉയരവുമുള്ള സമചതുരസ്തംഭത്തിൽ നിന്നും പരമാവധി വലുപ്പമുള്ള വൃത്തപിക ചെത്തിയെടുക്കുന്നു.
(a) ആരം എത്രയാണ്?
(b) ചരിവുയരം എത്രയാണ്
(c) വക്രതല പരപ്പളവ് കണക്കാക്കുക.
Answer:
(a) വൃത്തസ്തൂപികയുടെ വ്യാസം = സമചതുര
സ്തംഭത്തിന്റെ വക്കിന്റെ നീളം = 30 cm
ആരം = 15 cm
(b) ചരിവുയരം = \(\sqrt{15^2+20^2}\) = √625 = 25 cm
(c) വക്രതല പരപ്പളവ് = π × 15 × 25 = 375 cm2

Question 11.
ഒരു വൃത്തസ്തൂപികയുടെ പാർശ്വമുഖപരപ്പളവ് 135π ചതുരശ്ര സെന്റീമിറ്റർ, ആരം 9 സെന്റീമീറ്റർ
(a) ചരിവുയരം എത്?
(b) സ്തൂപികയുടെ ഉയരമെത്ര?
(c) സ്തൂപികയുടെ വ്യാപ്തം എത്ര?
Answer:
(a) π × 9 × l = 135π
⇒ l = 15 സെ.മീ
b) h = \(\sqrt{15^2-9^2}\) = 12 സെ.മീ
c) വ്യാപ്തം = \(\frac {1}{3}\) × π × 92 × 12 = 324π സെ.മീ

Question 12.
300° കേന്ദ്രകോണും 36 സെന്റീമീറ്റർ ആരവു മുള്ള വൃത്താംശം മടക്കി വൃത്തസ്തൂപിക ഉണ്ടാ
(a) സ്തൂപികയുടെ ചരിവുയരമെത്?
(b) പാദ ആരം എത്?
(c) വൃത്തത്തകിട് ഉപയോഗിച്ച് പാദം രൂപീക രിക്കുന്നു. സ്തൂപികയുടെ ഉപരിതല പരപ്പളവ് എത്?
Answer:
(a) 36 സെ.മീ
(b) \(\frac{300}{360}=\frac{5}{6}\)
ചരിവുയരത്തിന്റെ \(\frac {5}{6}\) ഭാഗമാണ് ആരം.
ആരം = 36 × \(\frac {5}{6}\) = 30 സെ.മീ
(c) π × 302 + π × 30 × 36 = 1980π സെ.മീ

Class 10 Maths Chapter 12 Extra Questions Malayalam Medium Kerala Syllabus ഘനരൂപങ്ങൾ

Question 13.
വൃത്തസ്തൂപികാകൃതിയിലുള്ള ഒരു ടെന്റിന്റെ പാദമുള്ളളവ് 24π മീറ്റർ, ഉയരം 5 മീറ്റർ
(a) പാദആരം എത്?
(b) ചരിവുയരം എത്ര?
(c) ടെന്റ് നിർമ്മിക്കുന്നതിന് ആവശ്യമായ ക്യാൻ വാസിന്റെ പരപ്പളവ് എത്ര?
Answer:
(a) 12 മീറ്റർ
(b) ചരിവുയരം = 13 മീറ്റർ
(c) പാർശ്വഭാഗം മാത്രം പൊതിഞ്ഞാൽ,
പരപ്പളവ് = π × 12 × 13 = 156π ചതുരശ്രമീറ്റർ

Question 14.
മെഴുകുകൊണ്ടുള്ള ഒരു വൃത്തസ്തൂപികയുടെ പാദ ആരം 15 സെന്റീമീറ്ററും ചരിവുയരം 25 സെന്റീമീറ്ററുമാണ്.
(a) സ്തൂപികയുടെ ഉയരം എത്?
(b) സ്തൂപികയുടെ വ്യാപ്തം എത്?
(c) ഇത് ഉരുക്കി 1 സെൻറിമീറ്റർ ആരവും 4 സെന്റീമീറ്റർ ഉയരവുമുള്ള ചെറിയ സ്തൂപി കകൾ ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നു. ചെറിയ സ്തൂപികയുടെ വ്യാപ്തം എത്രയാണ്?
(d) എത്ര ചെറിയ സ്തൂപികകൾ ഉണ്ടാക്കാം?
Answer:
(a) 20 സെ.മീ
(b) വ്യാപ്തം = \(\frac {1}{3}\) × π × 152 × 20 = 1500π സെ.മീ
(c) ചെറിയ സ്തൂപികയുടെ വ്യാപ്തം = \(\frac {1}{3}\) × π × 12 × 4 = \(\frac{4}{3} \pi\) cm3
(d) സ്തൂപികകളുടെ എണ്ണം = \(\frac{1}{3} \pi \times 15^2 \times 20 \div \frac{1}{3} \times \pi \times 1^2 \times 4\) = 1125

Question 15.
കട്ടിയായ ഒരു ഗോളത്തിന്റെ ഉപരിതല പരപ്പളവ് 100 ചതുരശ്ര സെന്റിമീറ്ററാണ്
(a) ഗോളത്തിന്റെ ആരം എത്ര?
(b) ഗോളത്തിന്റെ വ്യാപ്തം എത്ര?
Answer:
(a) 4πr2 = 100π
⇒ r2 = 25
⇒ r = 5 സെ.മീ
(b) \(\frac{4}{3} \pi \times 5^3=\frac{500 \pi}{3}\) ഘനസെ.മീ

Cousins From Across the Sea Summary Class 6 English Kerala Syllabus

Students often refer to SCERT Class 6 English Solutions and Cousins From Across the Sea Summary in Malayalam & English Medium before discussing the text in class.

Class 6 English Cousins From Across the Sea Summary

Cousins From Across the Sea Summary in English

It was the last period in the afternoon. Sona Teacher beamed at her children. The children knew that some good news was coming. She told them they would be going for a study tour the following month. She wanted to know where they wanted to go. Aisha said they should go to Lakshadweep. When asked why she preferred Lakshadweep, Aisha said her uncle worked there. He was a teacher. He said it was a beautiful place. Sona Teacher said it was a good idea. The entire class then agreed to go to Lakshadweep.

Sona Teacher asked the student if they knew the meaning of Lakshadweep. Aisha said it meant one lakh islands. Sona Teacher said the name meant that, but actually there were only 36 islands. Only ten of them are inhabited. She said that the islanders call Kerala “Kara”! They say like that because they are islanders and they think they live in water!

Hearth and Home (Unit 5) Naveen wanted to know why people wanted to visit the islands. The teacher said, “They are tourist spots. The sea around them is pleasing blue in colour. There is always a pleasant breeze blowing. The islands are full of coconut palms. Some islands have facilities for scuba diving.” The children didn’t know what scuba diving was. She explained: “SCUBA stands for Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus. You can wear the apparatus. It contains oxygen for breathing under water. You can dive under water. You can see the sight under water for some time. It is a wonderful experience.”

Cousins From Across the Sea Summary Class 6 English Kerala Syllabus 1

Aparna wanted to know how to go to the islands. The teacher answered: “There are ships which take us to the islands from Kochi. One of the islands, Agathi, has an airport. There are regular flights to Bangalore and back, with a stop at Kochi.”

She continued her explanation: “People in nine islands speak Malayalam. Their Malayalam is called Jeseri. It comes from the word ‘jesr’ which means island. It is very different from our Malayalam here. But we can understand it. An islander says ‘nan fotte’ to mean ‘njan potte’! In Minicoy Island they speak a language called Mahal. Malayalam is the administrative language in all the islands.”

Shanthi said her mother has an islander friend. She came to her home once. She said that the islanders eat a lot of fish.

The teacher agreed. They eat a lot of fish. Fishing is one of their main occupations. Their staple food is rice and fish. Some of the fish they catch are canned and exported. Many of you have tasted the Tuna fish from the islands. They get a large variety of fish. In the lagoons around the islands there are plenty of fresh water fish also.

Revathi wanted to know if all the islanders live by fishing. The teacher answered: “Making coir is another important occupation. They also make ‘dweep chakkara’ from the coconut palms. I am sure you all have tasted ‘dweep chakkara’. Today there are many doctors, teachers and government servants among the islanders. Many of them work in Kerala and other states also.”

Jisha wanted to know what the people grew in the islands. The teacher said, “They grow only coconut palms. Coconut is an ingredient in all dishes. Everything else is imported from Kerala – rice, vegetables and fruits.”

Asim wanted to know if there were more things to see in the islands.

Cousins From Across the Sea Summary Class 6 English Kerala Syllabus

The teacher answered him: “There is a marine aquarium and museum at Kavaratti, the capital. There you can learn about the island’s marine life. Lakshadweep has a rich marine life, including fish, turtles, and dolphins. It is fine destination for marine exploration, Lakshadweep islands are coral atolls. The lagoons are a wonderful sight. You may also meet some famous islanders. There are famous writers, painters, and film-makers that come from there.”

Sona Teacher could see that all the children were excited.

Cousins From Across the Sea Summary Class 6 English Kerala Syllabus 2

She said, “We go to Lakshadweep in 3 weeks’ time. Get your parents’ permission. We’ll contact the Lakshadweep administration to get the tour permit. Let us say, ‘Bon Voyage”!

Cousins From Across the Sea Summary in Malayalam

ഉച്ചകഴിഞ്ഞുള്ള അവസാന പീരിയഡ് ആയിരുന്നു അത്. സോണ ടീച്ചർ തന്റെ കുട്ടികളെ നോക്കി പുഞ്ചി രിച്ചു. ചില നല്ല വാർത്തകൾ വരുമെന്ന് കുട്ടികൾക്ക് അറിയാമായിരുന്നു. അടുത്ത മാസം ഒരു പഠനയാ ത്രയ്ക്ക് പോകുമെന്ന് ടീച്ചർ അപ്പോൾ പറഞ്ഞു. അവർക്ക് എവിടേക്കാണ് പോകേണ്ടതെന്ന് അറിയാൻ ടീച്ചർ ആഗ്രഹിച്ചു. ലക്ഷദ്വീപിലേക്ക് പോകണമെന്ന് അയിഷ പറഞ്ഞു. എന്തുകൊണ്ടാണ് ലക്ഷദ്വീപ് ഇഷ്ടപ്പെടുന്നതെന്ന് ചോദിച്ചപ്പോൾ, തന്റെ അമ്മാവൻ അവിടെയാണ് ജോലി ചെയ്യുന്നതെന്നും അദ്ദേഹം ഒരു അധ്യാപകനാണെന്നും അയിഷ പറഞ്ഞു. അതൊരു മനോഹരമായ സ്ഥലമാണെന്ന് അദ്ദേഹം പറ ഞ്ഞിട്ടുണ്ട്. സോണ ടീച്ചർ അത് ഒരു നല്ല ആശയമാണെന്ന് പറഞ്ഞു. തുടർന്ന് മുഴുവൻ ക്ലാസും ലക്ഷദ്വീ പിലേക്ക് പോകാൻ സമ്മതിച്ചു.

ലക്ഷദ്വീപിന്റെ അർത്ഥം അറിയാമോ എന്ന് സോണ ടീച്ചർ വിദ്യാർത്ഥികളോട് ചോദിച്ചു. ഒരു ലക്ഷം ദ്വീപുകൾ എന്നാണ് അതിന്റെ അർത്ഥം എന്ന് അയിഷ പറഞ്ഞു. പേരിന്റെ അർത്ഥം അതാണ്. പക്ഷേ യഥാർത്ഥത്തിൽ 36 ദ്വീപുകൾ മാത്രമേ അവിടെ ഉള്ളൂ എന്ന് സോണ ടീച്ചർ പറഞ്ഞു. അവയിൽ പത്തെണ്ണത്തിൽ മാത്രമേ ജനവാസമുള്ളൂ. ദ്വീപുവാസികൾ കേരളത്തെ “കര ” എന്നാണ് വിളിക്കുന്നത്. അവർ പറഞ്ഞു. അവർ അങ്ങനെ പറയുന്നത് അവർ ദ്വീപുവാസികളായതിനാലും അവർ വെള്ളത്തി ലാണ് ജീവിക്കുന്നതെന്ന് അവർ കരുതുന്നതിനാലും ആണ്

ആളുകൾ ഈ ദ്വീപുകൾ സന്ദർശിക്കാൻ ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നത് എന്തുകൊണ്ടാണെന്ന് അറിയാൻ നവീൻ ആഗ്രഹിച്ചു. ടീച്ചൻ പറഞ്ഞു, “അവ വിനോദസഞ്ചാര കേന്ദ്രങ്ങളാണ്. ചുറ്റുമുള്ള കടൽ നീല നിറത്തിലാ ണ്. എപ്പോഴും സുഖകരമായ കാറ്റ് വീശുന്നു. ദ്വീപുകളിൽ തെങ്ങുകൾ നിറഞ്ഞിരിക്കുന്നു. ചില ദ്വീപുക ളിൽ സ്കൂബ ഡൈവിംഗിനുള്ള സൗകര്യങ്ങളുണ്ട്. കുട്ടികൾക്ക് സ്കൂബ ഡൈവിംഗ് എന്താണെന്ന് അറിയില്ലായിരുന്നു. അവർ വിശദീകരിച്ചു. “SCUBA എന്നാൽ സ്വയം നിയന്ത്രിത അണ്ടർവാട്ടർ ബ്രീത്തിംഗ് ഉപകരണം എന്നാണ്. നിങ്ങൾ ആ ഉപകരണം ധരിച്ചാൽ വെള്ളത്തിനടിയിൽ ശ്വസിക്കാൻ അതിൽ ഓക്സി ജൻ ഉണ്ട്. നിങ്ങൾക്ക് വെള്ളത്തിനടിയിൽ മുങ്ങി, കുറച്ച് സമയത്തേക്ക് വെള്ളത്തിനടിയിലെ കാഴ്ച കാണാൻ കഴിയും. അതൊരു അത്ഭുതകരമായ അനുഭവമാണ്.”

Cousins From Across the Sea Summary Class 6 English Kerala Syllabus 3

ദ്വീപുകളിലേക്ക് എങ്ങനെയാണ് പോകുന്നതെന്ന് അറിയാൻ അപർണ ആഗ്രഹിച്ചു. ടീച്ചർ മറുപടി പറ ഞ്ഞു. “കൊച്ചിയിൽ നിന്ന് ദ്വീപുകളിലേക്ക് ആൾക്കാരെ കൊണ്ടുപോകുന്ന കപ്പലുകളുണ്ട്. ദ്വീപുകളിൽ ഒന്നായ അഗതിയിൽ ഒരു വിമാനത്താവളമുണ്ട്. ബാംഗ്ലൂരിലേക്കും തിരിച്ചും പതിവായി വിമാനങ്ങളുണ്ട്. അതിന് കൊച്ചിയിൽ സ്റ്റോപ്പുണ്ട്.

അവർ വിശദീകരണം തുടർന്നു. “ഒൻപത് ദ്വീപുകളിലെയും ആളുകൾ മലയാളം സംസാരിക്കുന്നു. അവ രുടെ മലയാളം ജെരി എന്നാണ് അറിയപ്പെടുന്നത്. ദ്വീപ് എന്നർത്ഥം വരുന്ന ‘ജെസ്’ എന്ന വാക്കിൽ നിന്നാണ് ഇത് വരുന്നത്. നമ്മുടെ മലയാളത്തിൽ നിന്ന് ഇത് വ്യത്യസ്തമാണ്. പക്ഷേ നമുക്ക് അത് മന സ്സിലാക്കാൻ കഴിയും. ഒരു ദ്വീപുവാസി ‘നാൻ ഫോട്ടെ’ എന്ന് പറയുന്നതിന്റെ അർത്ഥം ‘ഞാൻ പോട്ടെ’ എന്നാണ്! മിനിക്കോയ് ദ്വീപിൽ അവർ മഹൽ എന്ന ഭാഷയാണ് സംസാരിക്കുന്നത്. എല്ലാ ദ്വീപുകളിലും ഭരണഭാഷ മലയാളമാണ്.

ശാന്തി തന്റെ അമ്മയ്ക്ക് ഒരു ദ്വീപുവാസിയായ സുഹൃത്ത് ഉണ്ടെന്ന് പറഞ്ഞു. ഒരിക്കൽ അവൾ അവളുടെ വീട്ടിൽ വന്നിരുന്നു. ദ്വീപുവാസികൾ ധാരാളം മത്സ്യം കഴിക്കുമെന്ന് അവൾ പറഞ്ഞു.

ടീച്ചർ സമ്മതിച്ചു. അവർ ധാരാളം മത്സ്യം കഴിക്കുന്നു. മീൻപിടുത്തം അവരുടെ പ്രധാന തൊഴിലുകളിൽ ഒന്നാണ്. അവരുടെ പ്രധാന ഭക്ഷണം അരിയും മീനുമാണ്. അവർ പിടിക്കുന്ന ചില മത്സ്യങ്ങൾ കാൻ ചെയ്ത് കയറ്റുമതി ചെയ്യുന്നു. നിങ്ങളിൽ പലരും ദ്വീപുകളിൽ നിന്നുളള ട്യൂണ മത്സ്യം രുചിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ടായി രിക്കും. അവർക്ക് വൈവിധ്യമാർന്ന മത്സ്യങ്ങൾ ലഭിക്കുന്നു. ദ്വീപുകൾക്ക് ചുറ്റുമുള്ള തടാകങ്ങളിൽ ധാരാളം ശുദ്ധജല മത്സ്യങ്ങളും ഉണ്ട്.

എല്ലാ ദ്വീപുവാസികളും മത്സ്യബന്ധനം നടത്തി ജീവിക്കുന്നവരാണോ എന്ന് അറിയാൻ രേവതി ആഗ ഹിച്ചു. ടീച്ചർ മറുപടി പറഞ്ഞു. “കയർ നിർമ്മാണം മറ്റൊരു പ്രധാന തൊഴിലാണ്. അവർ തെങ്ങുകളിൽ നിന്ന് ‘ദ്വീപ് ചക്കര’യും ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നു. നിങ്ങളെല്ലാം ‘ദ്വീപ് ചക്കര’ രുചിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ടാകുമെന്ന് എനിക്ക് ഉറപ്പു ണ്ട്. ഇന്ന് ദ്വീപുവാസികൾക്കിടയിൽ ധാരാളം ഡോക്ടർമാരും അധ്യാപകരും സർക്കാൻ ജീവനക്കാരുമു ണ്ട്. അവരിൽ പലരും കേരളത്തിലും മറ്റ് സംസ്ഥാനങ്ങളിലും ജോലി ചെയ്യുന്നു.

Cousins From Across the Sea Summary Class 6 English Kerala Syllabus

ദ്വീപുകളിൽ ആളുകൾ എന്താണ് വളർത്തുന്നതെന്ന് അറിയാൻ ജിഷ് ആഗ്രഹിച്ചു. “അവർ തെങ്ങുകൾ മാത്രമേ വളർത്തുന്നുള്ളൂ. തേങ്ങ എല്ലാ വിഭവങ്ങളിലും ഒരു ചേരുവയാണ്. മറ്റെല്ലാം കേരളത്തിൽ നിന്ന് ഇറക്കുമതി ചെയ്യുന്നു. അരി, പച്ചക്കറികൾ, പഴങ്ങൾ” ടീച്ചർ പറഞ്ഞു.

ദ്വീപുകളിൽ കാണാൻ കൂടുതൽ കാര്യങ്ങൾ ഉണ്ടോ എന്ന് അറിയാൻ അസിം ആഗ്രഹിച്ചു.

അധ്യാപിക മറുപടി പറഞ്ഞു. “തലസ്ഥാനമായ കവരത്തിയിൽ ഒരു മറൈൻ അക്വേറിയവും മ്യൂസിയവു മുണ്ട്. ദ്വീപിലെ സമുദ്രജീവികളെക്കുറിച്ച് നിങ്ങൾക്ക് അവിടെ പഠിക്കാം. മത്സ്യം, ആമകൾ, ഡോൾഫിനു കൾ എന്നിവയുൾപ്പെടെ സമ്പന്നമായ സമുദ്രജീവികൾ ലക്ഷദ്വീപിലുണ്ട്. സമുദ്രപര്യവേക്ഷണത്തിന് ഇത് ഒരു മികച്ച സ്ഥലമാണ്. ലക്ഷദ്വീപുകൾ പവിഴദ്വീപുകളാണ്. ലഗൂണുകൾ ഒരു അത്ഭുതകരമായ കാഴ്ച യാണ്. നിങ്ങൾക്ക് ചില പ്രശസ്ത ദ്വീപുവാസികളെയും അവിടെ കാണാൻ കഴിയും. അവിടെ ജീവി

ക്കുന്ന പല പ്രശസ്ത എഴുത്തുകാരും, ചിത്രകാരന്മാരും, ചലച്ചിത്ര നിർമ്മാതാക്കളും ഉണ്ട്.”

എല്ലാ കുട്ടികളും ആവേശഭരിതരാണെന്ന് സോന ടീച്ചർക്ക് കാണാൻ കഴിഞ്ഞു.

Cousins From Across the Sea Summary Class 6 English Kerala Syllabus 4

അവർ പറഞ്ഞു. “മൂന്ന് ആഴ്ചയ്ക്കുള്ളിൽ നമ്മൾ ലക്ഷദ്വീപിലേക്ക് പോകും. നിങ്ങളുടെ മാതാപിതാക്ക ളുടെ അനുമതി നേടുക. ടൂർ പെർമിറ്റ് ലഭിക്കാൻ ഞങ്ങൾ ലക്ഷദ്വീപ് ഭരണകൂടവുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെടും. നമുക്ക് ‘ബോൺ വോയേജ്’ എന്ന് പറയാം!”

Cousins From Across the Sea Words Meanings

  • beamed – smiled, ചിരിച്ചു
  • realised – understood, മനസ്സിലായി
  • entire – whole, full, മുഴുവൻ
  • hazarded – took a risk, ഒരു റിസ്ക് എടുത്തു
  • inhabited – where people lived , ആൾതാമസമുള്ള
  • facilities – provisions, സൗകര്യങ്ങൾ
  • scuba – short form for Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus,
    ബാ – വെള്ളത്തിനടിയിൽ കുറച്ചുനേരം കിടന്ന് നീന്താൻ പറ്റിയ ഉപകരണം
  • apparatus – instrument”, ഉപകരണം
  • contains – has, carries, അടങ്ങിയിരിക്കുന്നു
  • gazing – looking, നോക്കുക
  • eagerly – with much interest, കൗതകത്തോടെ
  • slightly – in a small way, ചെറിയരീതിയിൽ
  • puzzled – confused, ആശയക്കുഴപ്പമുണ്ടായി
  • administrative language – language used by the government offices, ഭരണഭാഷ
  • occupations – jobs, ജോലികൾ
  • staple food – main food, പ്രധാനഭക്ഷണം
  • lagoons – bays, തടാകങ്ങൾ
  • genuine – honest, സത്യസന്ധമായ
  • ingredient – component, ചേരുവ
  • imported – got from other places, or countries, ഇറക്കുമതി ചെയ്യുക
  • marine – of the sea, സമുദ്രവുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട
  • exciting – interesting, കൗതുകകരമായ
  • destination – goal, ലക്ഷ്യം, എത്തേണ്ടസ്ഥലം
  • exploration – search, discovery, അന്വേഷണം
  • abroad – in foreign countries, മറ്റു രാജ്യങ്ങളിൽ
  • scanned – looked carefully, സൂക്ഷിച്ചു നോക്കി
  • contact – get in touch with, സമ്പർക്കം പുലർത്തുക
  • administration – government, സർക്കാർ
  • Bon Voyage – – have a good journey, യാത്രചെയ്യുമ്പോൾ പറയുന്ന അഭിവാദനം, വിഷ്