SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Regular practice of SSLC IT Theory Questions and Class 10 IT Chapter 10 Software and Freedom Questions and Answers Notes prepares students for objective and descriptive examinations.

Class 10 IT Chapter 10 Question Answer

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions

InText Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Complete the table by identifying the licenses for the software we use for various purposes.
SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse 1
Answer:

Software License Category Special Terms
LibreOffice Mozilla Public Licence FLOSS Trademarks used in the software may not be freely used.
Scratch GNU General Public License (GPL) Free Software Can be freely used, modified, and shared for learning purposes.
Firefox Mozilla Public License FLOSS Source code can be modified and shared, but the name and logo cannot be freely used.
Chromium BSD License Open Source Code can be reused and modified; allows integration with proprietary software.
FeoGebra GeoGebra License Freeware Free to use for education, but redistribution and modification are restricted.

Class 10 IT Chapter 10 Let’s Assess

Question 1.
Which of the following is not an open source software license?
a) Apache software License
b) End User License Agreement
c) GNU General Public License
Answer:
b) End User License Agreement

Question 2.
Which of the following is free hardware?
a) Apple mobile phones
b) Ardunio similar chipset
c) Mobile phones with android installed
Answer:
b) Ardunio similar chipset

Question 3.
What is the name given to free software?
a) Free software
b) Open software
c) Freeware
Answer:
a) Free software

Question 4.
What is the shell in the GNU/Linux operating system known as?
a) Open shell
b) Linux Shell
c) Bash
Answer:
c) Bash

Question 5.
Which of the following is not an operating system?
a) Android
b) Linux
c) Unix
d) None
Answer:
d) None

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Std 10 IT Chapter 10 Extended Activities

Question 1.
Complete the table below by searching familiar operating systems on the internet.
SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom 2
Answer:

Operating system Based program The device used
Ubuntu Linux Computer
iOs Unix iPhone, iPad
Android Linux Mobile phone…
Windows Windows NT Computer, Laptop
macOS Unix Desktop, Laptop (Mac)

Question 2.
Search the internet for the names of the operating systems used in wearable devices such as smartwatches and VR headsets, and make a list.
Answer:
Operating Systems used in Wearable Devices

Smartwatches:

  • watchOS – used in Apple Watch
  • Wear OS – used in smartwatches by Google, Samsung, etc.
  • Tizen – used in older Samsung watches
  • Fitbit OS – used in Fitbit smartwatches
  • HarmonyOS – used in Huawei wearables
  • Garmin OS – used in Garmin fitness watches

VR Headsets:

  • Meta Horizon OS (Android-based) – used in Meta Quest headsets
  • PICO OS (Android-based) – used in Pico VR headsets
  • Windows Mixed Reality – used in PC-connected VR headsets
  • PlayStation System Software – used in PlayStation VR

SSLC IT Software and Freedom Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The human-readable instructions written in a programming language are called:
a) Object Code
b) Source Code
c) Machine Code
d) Binary Code
Answer:
b) source code

Question 2.
The code that a computer can directly execute is known as:
a) Source code
b) Object code
c) Function code
d) Logical code
Answer:
b) Object code

Question 3.
The hidden time-limited code in the scribe software was known as a:
a) Virus
b) Worm
c) Time bomb
d) Patch
Answer:
c) time bomb

Question 4.
Who is known as the founder of the free software movement?
a) Linus torvalds
b) Richard stallman
c) Dennis ritchie
d) Ken thompson
Answer:
b) Richard stallman

Question 5.
GNU stands for:
a) General Network Utility
b) GNU’s Not Unix
c) General New Unix
d) Global Network Utility
Answer:
b) GNU’s Not Unix

Question 6.
The part of an operating system that interacts with hardware is called:
a) Shell
b) Kernel
c) API
d) GUI
Answer:
b) Kernel

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Question 7.
The user interface part of an operating system is called:
a) Kernel
b) Core
c) Shell
d) Hardware
Answer:
c) Shell

Question 8.
The shell used in gnu/linux is:
a) Powershell
b) Bash
c) Korn shell
d) Zshell
Answer:
b) Bash

Question 9.
Which of the following is an open-source license?
a) EULA
b) Apache License
c) Trial License
d) Proprietary License
Answer:
b) Apache License

Question 10.
Which software license restricts users from editing or redistributing software?
a) GPL
b) Apache
c) BSD
d) EULA
Answer:
D) EULA

Question 11.
The software license that ensures software freedom through copyright law is called:
a) Copyleft
b) Copyright
c) Freeware
d) Shareware
Answer:
a) Copyleft

Question 12.
Libreoffice and apache openoffice are examples of:
a) Freeware
b) Forks
c) Malware
d) Trial versions
Answer:
b) Forks

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Question 13.
Floss stands for:
a) Free/Libre and Open Source Software
b) Free Local Online Software System
c) Fast Licensed Open System Software
d) Free Legal Operating System Software
Answer:
a) Free/Libre and Open Source Software

Question 14.
The software license used for mozilla firefox is:
a) BSD License
b) GNU GPL
c) Mozilla Public License
d) Apache License
Answer:
c) Mozilla Public License

Question 15.
Which of the following is an example of free hardware?
a) iPhone
b) Arduino
c) Macbook
d) Smart TV
Answer:
b) Arduino

Question 16.
Android is based on which kernel?
a) Unix
b) Linux
c) Windows nt
d) BSD
Answer:
b) Linux

Question 17.
Which model of software development is followed by Microsoft?
a) Bazaar model
b) Cathedral model
e) Open model
d) Mixed model
Answer:
b) Cathedral model

Question 18.
The bazaar model of software development was proposed by:
a) Eric raymond
b) Richard stallman
c) Linus torvalds
d) Dennis ritchie
Answer:
a) Eric raymond

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Question 19.
The free software foundation was formed in:
a) 1979
b) 1983
c) 1985
d)1991
Answer:
c) 1985

Question 20.
The tool used for version control in software development is:
a) Git
b) Bash
c) GIMP
d) Apache
Answer:
a) Git

Question 21.
The software license that allows use but hides the source code is:
a) Free Software
b) Open Source Software
c) Freeware
d) Copyleft
Answer:
C) Freeware

Question 22.
Which company developed Unix originally?
a) Microsoft
b) AT&T
c) Apple
d) Google
Answer:
b) AT&T

Question 23.
The gnu project’s main aim was to create:
a) A free operating system
b) A computer virus
c) A hardware component
d) A new programming language
Answer:
a) A free operating system

Question 24.
Which of these is a linux-based operating system?
a) Windows
b) Ubuntu
c) MacOS
d) iOS
Answer:
b) Ubuntu

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Question 25.
Which of these is not open source?
a) Scratch
b) GeoGebra
c) GIMP
d) Linux
Answer:
b) GeoGebra

(Select two correct answers from the options)
Question 26.
Which two are examples of open-source licenses?
a) EULA
b) BSD License
c) Apache License
d) Shareware
e) Proprietary License
Answer:
b) BSD License and c) Apache License

Question 27.
Which two belong to free software?
a) GIMP
b) LibreOffice
c) GeoGebra
d) MS Word
e) Adobe Photoshop
Answer:
a) GIMP and b) LibreOffice

Question 28.
Which two are considered Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS)?
a) Android
b) Windows
c) Ubuntu
d) iOS
e) Adobe Reader
Answer:
a) Android and c) Ubuntu

Question 29.
Which two are examples of proprietary operating systems?
a) macOS
b) Ubuntu
c) Windows
d) Android
e) Fedora
Answer:
a) macOS and c) Windows

Question 30.
Which two are part of the GNU/Linux system?
a) Kernel
b) Shell
c) Browser
d) Compiler
e) Database
Answer:
a) Kemal and b) Shell

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Question 31.
Which two services are used to publish open-source software?
a) GitHub
b) YouTube
c) GitLab
d) Netflix
e) Instagram
Answer:
a) GitHub and c) GitLab

Question 32.
Which two are examples of free hardware?
a) Arduino
b) Raspberry Pi
c) iPhone
d) Apple Watch
e) PlayStation
Answer:
a) Ardunio and b) Raspberry Pi

Question 33.
Which two licenses allow modification of source code?
a) GNU GPL
b) Apache License
c) EULA
d) Freeware
e) Testware
Answer:
a) GNU GPL and b) Apache License

Question 34.
Which two of the following are examples of forks?
a) LibreOffice
b) Apache OpenOffice
c) GIMP
d) Scratch
e) GeoGebra
Ans;
a) LibreOffice and b) Apache OpenOffice

Question 35.
Which two belong to the category of free or open software platforms?
a) GitLab
b) SourceForge
c) Zoom
d) WhatsApp
e) YouTube
Answer:
a) GitLab and b) SourceForge

Question 36.
Which two systems are Unix-based?
a) macOS
b) iOS
c) Android
d) Windows
e) Linux
Answer:
a) macOS and b) iOS

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Question 37.
Which two are Linux distributions?
a) Debian
b) Ubuntu
c) iOS
d) Windows
e) macOS
Answer:
a) Debian and b) Ubuntu

Question 38.
Which two were developed by Linus Torvalds?
a) Linux
b) Git
c) GIMP
d) Apache
e) Scratch
Answer:
a) Linux and b) Git

Question 39.
Which two categories describe Android OS?
a) Free software
b) Open-source
c) Proprietary
d) Testware
e) Trialware
Answer:
a) Free software and b) Open-source

Question 40.
Which two are examples of Copyleft software?
a) GNU Compiler
b) GIMP
c) Microsoft Excel
d) Adobe Photoshop
e) iTunes
Answer:
a) GNU Compiler and b) GIMP

Question 41.
Which two examples show the Cathedral Model?
a) Microsoft Windows
b) Apple iOS
c) Linux
d) Ubuntu
e) Debian
Answer:
a) Microsoft Windows and b) Apple iOS

Question 42.
Which two examples show the Bazaar Model?
a) Linux
b) Debian
c) Windows
d) iOS
e) macOS
Answer:
a) Linux and b) Dbian

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Question 43.
Which two systems are Android-based?
a) Meta Horizon OS
b) PICO OS
c) HarmonyOS
d) Tizen
e) iOS
Answer:
a) Meta Hirizon OS and b) PICO OS

Question 44.
Which two examples of wearable OS ate proprietary?
a) watchOS
b) FitbitOS
c) Wear OS
d) Tizen
e) HarmonyOS
Answer:
a) watchOS and b) Fitbit OS

Question 45.
Which two statements are true about Copyleft?
a) It uses copyright to protect user freedom
b) It removes copyright completely
c) It allows modification and redistribution
d) It prohibits sharing
e) It restricts learning
Answer:
a) It uses copyright to protect user freedom and c) It allows modification and redistribution

Question 46.
Which two are true about FLOSS?
a) Combines free and open-source principles
b) Source code is hidden
c) Encourages collaboration
d) Costs more than proprietary software
e) Is illegal to modify
Answer:
a) Combines free and open-source principles and c) Encourages collaboration

Question 47.
Which two examples are Freeware?
a) Adobe Reader
b) GeoGebra
c) LibreOffice
d) Ubuntu
e) Scratch
Answer:
a) Adobe Reader and b) GeoGebra

Question 48.
Which two systems are mainly used in VR devices?
a) Meta Horizon OS
b) PICO OS
c) Wear OS
d) Windows Mixed Reality
e) HarmonyOS
Answer:
a) Meta Horizon OS and d) Windows Mixed Reality

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

Question 49.
Which two statements apply to Free Software?
a) Emphasizes user freedom
b) Source code is accessible
c) Hidden algorithms
d) Cannot be modified
e) Paid use only
Answer:
a) Emphasizes user freedom and b) Source code is accessible

Question 50.
Which two tools/platforms are associated with version control?
a) Git
b) GitHub
c) Windows Store
d) Linux Shell
e) VLC Media player
Answer:
a) Git, b) GitHub

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Notes

Class 10 IT Chapter 10 Software and Freedom Notes

1. Software and Programs
❖ Source Code

  • The human-readable form of a program (written in Python, C, Java, etc.).
  • Can be easily edited and learned.
  • Example: calculator.py (Python program).

❖ Object Code / Executable Code

  • The machine-readable form of software (e.g., .exe, .pyc).
  • Cannot be easily modified.
  • To make changes, you must have the source code.

2. Why Software Freedom Matters
When source code is available:

  • Users can verify how a program works and trust it.
  • Learners can study and modify the program.
  • Programmers can improve it and share updates.
  • Collaboration reduces bugs and security risks.
  • Software becomes affordable because no company can monopolize it.

3. Editing a Python Program
Goal: To understand how source code can be modified.
Steps:

  1. Locate Calculator.pyc (object file) and calculator.py (source file) in the Class 10 folder.
  2. Open calculator.py in a text editor.
  3. Find the line that sets button colours or name.
  4. Change the colour or name (e.g., “Tom” ’ → “YourName” ).
  5. Save the file and run it with Python 3.
  6. Observe the changes in the interface.

4. Software Publishing
After developing software, you must publish it for others to use.
❖ When publishing:

  1. Make it easy to download and use.
  2. Publish the source code if users can modify it.
  3. Allow improvements and forks (new versions).
  4. Clearly specify license terms.

❖ Common Publishing Platforms:

  • GitHub-https://github.com
  • GitLab-https://gitlab.com
  • GNU Savannah – https://savannah.gnu.org
  • SourceForge – https://sourceforge.net
  • Gitea-https://about.gitea.com

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

5. Software Licenses
A license defines what users are allowed to do with software.

Rights/License GNU GPL Apache/BSD EULA (Proprietary)
Use of any purpose
Read source code
Copy/Edit
Distribute copies
Redistribute modified versions Conditional
Combine with other software

Types of Licenses:

  • Free Software (GPL) → Freedom to use, modify, share; must remain free.
  • Open Source (Apache/BSD) → Freedom to modify and use with other software.
  • Freeware → Free to use but not editable.
  • Testware → Trial version for limited time.
  • Proprietary → Paid and restricted (e.g., Windows, iOS).

6. Free vs Open Source vs Proprietry

Type Source Code Rights Example
Free Software Open Full freedom, must remiam free GIMP
Open Source Open Flexible sharing Android, Apache
Freeware Closed Free use, no change Adobe Reader
Propriety Closed Paid, restricted MS Windows

FLOSS is a free/Libre and Open Source Software, that combines both ideas.

7. Versions and Forks

  • Version = Updated release with improvements.
    Example: Kazium v21.12.3 → 21st main version, 12th update, 3rd patch.
  • Fork = Modified copy of an open project (allowed under its license).
    Examples:

    • LibreOffice (The Document Foundation)
    • Apache OpenOffice (Apache Software Foundation)

8. Copyleft and GNU Project

  • Copyleft: Uses copyright law to ensure freedom – users can share and modify software, but must keep the same freedoms in redistributed versions.
  • GNU Proj ect: Started by Richard Stallman (1983).
    • Created free software alternatives to commercial ones.
    • GNU = “GNU’s Not Unix”
  • Free Software Foundation (FSF): Formed in 1985 to support GNU and promote user freedom.

9. GNU + Linux = GNU/Linux

  • Kernel = Core part that interacts with hardware (Linux).
  • Shell = Interface that interacts with users (GNU Bash).
  • The two together form GNU/Linux, the free operating system.

Creator of Linux kernel: Linus Torvalds.
He also created Git, a version-control tool used to manage collaborative software projects.

10. Free Software Development
How open software is developed:

  1. Developers publish the concept and prototype online.
  2. Global users test, suggest improvements, and contribute.
  3. Code versions are tracked and stored systematically.
  4. If something goes wrong, previous versions can be restored.

Tools used:

  • Git (by Linus Torvalds) – for version control.
  • Apache Subversion – centralized version management.
    Platforms: GitHub, GitLab, GNU Savannah, etc.

11. GNU/Linux Distributions
Different groups modify GNU/Linux to suit specific needs.
Examples:

  • Debian GNU/Linux
  • Ubuntu (based on Debian)
  • Red Hat Linux
  • Slackware Linux
  • Kite GNU/Linux (used in schools)

SSLC IT Chapter 10 Theory Questions Notes Software and Freedom

12. Cathedral vs Bazaar Model

  • Cathedral Model: Centralized, closed development (used by proprietary software like Microsoft).
  • Bazaar Model: Open, public collaboration (used in Linux and other open-source projects).
    (Idea by Eric Raymond)

13. Android – A Case of FOSS Success

  • Android = Open-source OS based on Linux kernel.
  • Used in phones, tablets, TVs, etc.
  • Allows manufacturers to make low-cost smart devices.

14. Open Hardware

  • Open design concept applied to hardware.
  • All circuit layouts, chip designs, and drivers are freely shared.
  • Example: Arduino microcontrollers (used in robotics, education).
  • Encourages innovation and learning.

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse

Regular practice of SSLC IT Theory Questions and Class 10 IT Chapter 9 To the Information Storehouse Questions and Answers Notes prepares students for objective and descriptive examinations.

Class 10 IT Chapter 9 Question Answer

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions

InText Questions and Answers

Question 1.
The table below has been prepared in LibreOffice Calc with some information related to the Cricket World Cup.
SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse 1
Can you find the answers to the following questions from this table?
a) Which country won the Cricket World Cup in 2003?
b) The best plater in the tournament (2003) and his country:
c) How many times has the player from the country’ that won the Cricket World Cup been the best player in that tournament?
d) Which New Zealanders have been the tournament’s best player?
Answer:
a) Australia
b) Sachin Tendulkar: India
c) 4 times (1996,2007,2011,2015)
d) Martin Crowe (1992) and Kane Williamson (2019)

Question 2.
Some SQL statements to retrieve information from the Player table are given below. Run and complete the table.
SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse 2
Answer:

SQL Statement Use
1. select Player_Name from Player where Total_Runs>300; To get the names of all the players who have scored more than 300 runs.
2. select Player_Name from Player where Total_Runs between 200 and 400; To get the names of all the players who have scored between 200 and 400 runs.
3. select Player_ID, Player Name from Player where Country_ID=’C103’; To get the ID and names of all the players who belong to the country with ID C103.
4. select * from Player; To get all the details from the Player table
5. select Player_ID, Player_Name from Player where Country_ID in (‘C103’,’C105’); To get the IDs and names of all the players who belong to the countries with IDs C103 or C105.
6. select Player_Name from Player where Total_Runs<400; To get the names of the players who have scored less than 400 runs.

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse

Class 10 IT Chapter 9 Let’s Assess

Question 1.
Which one is used to distinguish the records of a table from the others?
a) primary key
b) foreign key
c) fields
d) private key
Answer:
a) Primary key

Question 2.
SQL means …………………… ?
a) Systematic Query Language
b) Structured Query Language
c) Structured Questions Language
d) Sequenced Query Language
Answer:
b) Structured Query Language

Std 10 IT Chapter 9 Extended Activities

Question 1.
We have understood the need to control internet usage and screen time. Beloew is a table containing the data collected from a survey conducted among students regarding screen time.
Create a database called Screen_Usage and prepare the tables as shown below.
Answer:

App_ID App_Name App_Category Usage_Duration (Minutes)
100 Samagra AI Education 60
101 Facebook Social Media 32
102 Youtube Social Media 15
103 E-cube English Education 25
104 G-Combris Education 20
105 Whatsapp Messaging 35
106 G-pay Banking 10
107 Maps Navigation 5

Now, try writing and executing the following SQL statements from the Apps table.
a) Which all Educational Apps are made available?
b) Which all Apps are being used more than 30 minutes in a day?
c) To which category does the SAMAGRA AI App belong?
Answer:
a) SELECT App_Name FROM Screen_Usage WHERE App_Category = ‘Education’;
Output:
Samagra AI
E-cube English
G-Combris

b) SELECT App_Name FROM Screen_Usage WHERE Usage_Duration > 30;
Output:
Samagra AI
Facebook
Whatsapp

c) SELECT App_Category FROM Screen_Usage WHERE App_Name = ‘Samagra AI’;
Output:
Education

SSLC IT To the Information Storehouse Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Which software is used to create the database in this chapter?
a) Oracle
b) MySQL
c) DB Browser for SQLite
d) MS Access
Answer:
c) DB Browser for SQLite

Question 2.
What does DBMS stand for?
a) Database Making System
b) Database Management System
c) Data Backup Management Software
d) Digital Base Management Source
Answer:
b) Database Management System

Question 3.
Which of the following is NOT a DBMS software?
a) Oracle
b) MySQL
c) SQL Server
d) Photoshop
Answer:
d) Photoshop

Question 4.
In a table, each column is called a:
a) Record
b) Field
c) Key
d) Cell
Answer:
b) Field

Question 5.
Each row in a table is known as a:
a) Record
b) Column
c) Field
d) Index
Answer:
a) Record

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse

Question 6.
Which key uniquely identifies each record in a table?
a) Foreign Key
b) Duplicate Key
c) Primary Key
d) Main Key
Answer:
c) Primary Key

Question 7.
The field that connects two tables is known as:
a) Linked Field
b) Foreign Key
c) Compound Key
d) Record Key
Answer:
b) Foreign Key

Question 8.
SQLite database is stored as:
a) A folder
b) A single file on disk
c) Multiple files in cloud
d) Temporary memory
Answer:
b) A single file on disk

Question 9.
Who developed SQLite?
a) Dennis Ritchie
b) D. Richard Hipp
c) Charles Babbage
d) Tim Berners-Lee
Answer:
b) D. Richard Hipp

Question 10.
Which tab in DB Browser for SQLite is used to view data?
a) Edit Table
b) Browse Data
c) Execute SQL
d) New Database
Answer:
b) Browse Data

Question 11.
Which SQL statement is used to retrieve data from a table?
a) FETCH
b) VIEW
c) SELECT
d) SHOW
Answer:
c) SELECT

Question 12.
In SQL, which keyword is used to filter rows based on conditions?
a) FROM
b) WHERE
c) HAVING
d) FILTER
Answer:
b) WHERE

Question 13.
Which clause is used to sort query results?
a) SORT BY
b) ARRANGE BY
c) ORDER BY
d) GROUP BY
Answer:
c) ORDER BY

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse

Question 14.
Which datatype should be used for storing letters and numbers together like C101?
a) Integer
b) Text
c) Float
d) Number
Answer:
b) Text

Question 15.
Which datatype is suitable for storing total runs of a player?
a) Text
b) Date
c) Integer
d) Image
Answer:
c) Integer

Question 16.
Which SQL statement displays all records from the Player table?
a) SELECT Player;
b) SELECT * FROM Player;
c) SHOW Player;
d) RETRIEVE Player;
Answer:
b) SELECT * FROM Player;

Question 17.
In DB Browser, which option is used to add a new field?
a) Create Field
b) Add
c) Insert Column
d) Include Field
Answer:
b) Add

Question 18.
What symbol represents any number of characters in SQL LIKE clause?
a) #
b) %
c) _
d) *
Answer:
b) %

Question 19.
Which SQL clause is used to remove duplicate entries from results?
a) UNIQUE
b) DISTINCT
c) DIFFERENT
d) SINGLE
Answer:
b) DISTINCT

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse

Question 20.
What is the main advantage of organizing information into multiple tables?
a) Faster typing
b) Avoids data repetition
c) Adds more graphics
d) Reduces database size
Answer:
b) Avoids data repetition

(Select two correct answers from the options)
Question 21.
Which of the following are examples of DBMS software?
a) Oracle
b) MySQL
c) MS Word
d) PowerPoint
e) SQL Server
Answer:
a) Oracle, b) MySQL

Question 22.
Which operations can be done using SQL?
a) Select data
b) Modify tables
c) Draw charts
d) Insert data
e) Export photos
Answer:
a) Select data, d) Insert data

Question 23.
Common clauses used in SQL data retrieval are:
a) SELECT
b) ORDER BY
c) PRINT
d) CALCULATE
e) WHERE
Answer:
a) SELECT, e) WHERE

Question 24.
Which types of data can be stored in a database field?
a) Numbers
b) Text
c) Audio
d) Animations
e) Images
Answer:
a) Numbers, b) Text

Question 25.
Advantages of using DBMS include:
a) Easy data retrieval
b) Data redundancy
c) Security and backup
d) Manual entry
e) High error rate
Answer:
a) Easy data retrieval, c) Security and backup

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse

Question 26.
Which are valid SQLite data types?
a) TEXT
b) IMAGE
c) NUMBER
d) INTEGER
e) PICTURE
Answer:
A) TEXT, D) INTEGER

Question 27.
A Primary Key must be:
a) Unique
b) Repeated
c) Empty
d) Not Null
e) Hidden
Answer:
a) Unique, d) Not Null

Question 28.
A Foreign Key is used to:
a) Link tables
b) Sort columns
c) Identify unique data
d) Connect records
e) Delete tables
Answer:
a) Link tables, d) Connect records

Question 29.
To create a new database in DB Browser, you must:
a) Click “New Database”
b) Enter database name
c) Draw tables manually
d) Save file
e) Add records automatically
Answer:
a) Click “New Database”, b) Enter database name

Question 30.
Common database fields in this chapter include:
a) Player_ID
b) Player_Name
c) Country_Name
d) Total_Runs
e) Match_Score
Answer:
a) Player_ID, c) Country_Name

Question 31.
Which tabs are used in DB Browser for SQLite?
a) Database Structure
b) Execute SQL
c) Edit Picture
d) Browse Data
e) Design Page
Answer:
a) Database Structure, b) Execute SQL

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse

Question 32.
A table contains:
a) Fields
b) Records
c) Folders
d) Charts
e) Keys
Answer:
a) Fields, b) Records

Question 33.
Examples of queries with conditions include:
a) Using WHERE
b) Using ORDER BY
c) Using FILTER
d) Using DISTINCT
e) Using LIMIT
Answer:
a) Using WHERE, b) Using ORDER BY

Question 34.
Which SQL statements retrieve specific data?
a) SELECT
b) DELETE
c) UPDATE
d) WHERE
e) INSERT
Answer:
a) SELECT, d) WHERE

Question 35.
In a database, tables are related by:
a) Keys
b) Charts
c) Relationships
d) Foreign Keys
e) Templates
Answer:
a) Keys, d) Foreign Keys

Question 36.
To execute an SQL query, you use:
a) Execute SQL tab
b) Browse Data tab
c) View menu
d) Run button
e) Save button
Answer:
a) Execute SQL tab, d) Run button

Question 37.
DBMS allows users to:
a) Store large amounts of data
b) Retrieve data quickly
c) Edit photos
d) Design slides
e) Delete unnecessary data
Answer:
a) Store large amounts of data, b) Retrieve data quickly

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse

Question 38.
Important advantages of database tables include:
a) Organized structure
b) Data duplication
c) Easy updates
d) Unclear records
e) Systematic storage
Answer:
a) Organized structure, e) Systematic storage

Question 39.
The “WHERE” clause is used to:
a) Filter records
b) Sort data
c) Set conditions
d) Create tables
e) Update columns
Answer:
a) Filter records, c) Set conditions

Question 40.
The SQL command ‘SELECT * FROM table_name;’ means:
a) Retrieve all data
b) Create new data
c) Update records
d) Display all columns
e) Delete table
Answer:
a) Retrieve all data, d) Display all columns

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Notes

Class 10 IT Chapter 9 To the Information Storehouse Notes

DBMS Software
A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software tool that helps store, organize, retrieve, and manage large amounts of related information efficiently.

Functions of a DBMS

  • Store and retrieve data quickly
  • Add, edit, or delete records
  • Relate data from different tables
  • Provide data security and integrity

Examples of DBMS Software

  • Oracle
  • MySQL
  • SQL Server
  • SQLite

Database
A database is a collextion of tables in which interrelated information are recorded in a systematic manner.

  • Data types define the kind of data that can be stored in each column of a table. Every column in a database table must have a specific data type.
  • The fields added to identify each record in each table from others are called Primary key.

Sqlite
Sqlite is a DBMS that is completely a free software. This system can be used in desktop software, mobile apps, and web applications. In Sqlite, the database is stored as a single file on disk. Therefore, the database can be easily managed and configured.

Sqlite was developed by D.Richard Hipp, a software engineer.
1. Creating a Database using SQLite

  • Open DB Browser for SQLite
  • Click: “New Database” → Name the Database → Save

2. Prepare a Table in DB Browser for SQLite:

  • Open the Edit Table Definition window.
  • Enter the table name.
  • Click the Add button to create a field.
  • Rename Field1 with the desired field name.
  • Add the remaining fields in the same away.
  • Click on the field which has to be set as the Primary Key.

3. Adding Data into Tables

  1. Select tab Browse Data
  2. Choose table
  3. Click “Insert new record to current table”
  4. Type each record manually
  5. Click Write Changes to save.

Structured Query Language (SQL)
DBMS use a special language called SQL (Structured Query Language) to communicate. It is simple and similar to English. Using SQL, we can create, modify, select, insert, edit, and delete data in tables. In some DBMSs, all these operations are done only through SQL.

Retrieving Information Using SQL
To view or extract information stored in a table, the SELECT statement is used.

Syntax:
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Common Clauses in Data Retrieval

  • FROM: Specifies the table name.
  • WHERE: Sets conditions to filter records.
  • ORDER BY: Sorts the output in ascending (ASC) or descending'(DESC) order.
  • DISTINCT: Removes duplicate entries from results.
  • BETWEEN: Selects values within a specific range.
  • IN: Matches multiple specific values
  • LIKE: Finds values using wildcard patterns
    %: Represents any number of characters. E.g. LIKE ‘S%’ find words starting with S
    _ : Represents a single character. E.g. LIKE ‘_an’ finds 3-letter words ending with “an”.

SSLC IT Chapter 9 Theory Questions Notes To the Information Storehouse

Retrieving Data Using Conditions

  • = Equal to
  • > Greater than
  • < Less than
  • >= Greater than or equal to
  • <=Less than or equal to
  • <> or != Not equal to
  • AND, OR, NOT used to combine conditions
Syntax:
SELECT column 1, column2
FROM table_name
WHERE conditionl AND condition2;

Retrieving Data from Multiple Tables
Identify the Relationship

  • Locate the field that connects the two tables.
  • The connecting field in one table is called a Foreign Key.
  • It refers to the Primary Key of another table.

Methods to Retrieve Data

  1. Write a query to get the related field (for example, an ID) from the first table.
  2. Use that field as a condition in a second query to get information from the second table.
  3. Combine both queries using parentheses.
Syntax:
SELECT column_name
FROM Table2
WHERE key_field = (
SELECT key_field
FROM Table1
WHERE condition
);

Using a JOIN Statement

  • Identify the common field between both tables.
  • Use the INNER JOIN clause to connect them.
  • Retrieve the desired columns from both tables.
Syntax:
SELECT Table 1 .column_name, Table2.column_name
FROM Table 1
INNER JOIN Table2
ON Table 1 .key_field = Table2.key_field
WHERE condition;

Steps to Execute in DB Browser for SQLite

  1. Open the database in DB Browser for SQLite.
  2. Click the Execute SQL tab.
  3. Type the SQL statement (subquery or JOIN).
  4. Click Run / Execute SQL to display the result.
  5. Review the output in the results pane.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium

Practicing Chemistry Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium helps identify strengths and weaknesses in a subject.

Class 10 Chemistry Kerala Syllabus Model Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium

സമയം: 1½ മണിക്കൂർ
സ്കോർ : 40

നിർദ്ദേശങ്ങൾ

  • ആദ്യത്തെ 15 മിനിട്ട് സമാശ്വാസ സമയമാണ്. ഈ സമയത്ത് ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ നന്നായി വായിച്ചു മനസ്സി ലാക്കണം.
  • നിർദ്ദേശങ്ങൾക്കനുസരിച്ച് ഉത്തരം എഴുതുക.
  • ചോദ്യത്തിന്റെ സ്കോർ പരിഗണിച്ച് ഉത്തരമെഴുതുക.
  • ചോയ്സ് ഉള്ള ചോദ്യങ്ങൾക്ക് ഏതെങ്കിലും ഒന്നിന് ഉത്തരം എഴുതിയാൽ മതി.

1 മുതൽ 4 വരെ എല്ലാ ചോദ്യങ്ങൾക്കും ഉത്തരമെഴുതുക. 1 സ്കോർ വീതം. (4 × 1 = 4)

Question 1.
ബോക്സൈറ്റ് എന്നത് ________ ലോഹത്തിന്റെ അയിര് ആണ്.
a) ഇരുമ്പ്
b) അലുമിനിയം
c) സിങ്ക്
d) കോപ്പർ
Answer:
b) അലുമിനിയം

Question 2.
ചേരുംപടി ചേർക്കുക.

വിഭാഗം ഉദാഹരണങ്ങൾ
(a) അനാൾജസിക്കുകൾ (i) പാരസെറ്റമോൾ
(b) ആന്റിപൈറെറ്റിക്കുകൾ (ii) ഡെറ്റോൾ
(c) ആന്റിസെപ്റ്റിക്കുകൾ (iii) ആസ്പിരിൻ

താഴെക്കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്നവയിൽ നിന്ന് ശരിയായ ഉത്തരം തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കുക.

(a) (b) (c)
A (iii) (i) (ii)
B (ii) (i) (iii)
C (i) (ii) (iii)
D (i) (iii) (ii)

Answer:
A. (a)-(iii), (b) – (i), (c) – (ii)

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium

Question 3.
അപ്രദര്യത്തിന് അയിരിനേക്കാൾ സാന്ദ്രത കൂടുതലാണെങ്കിൽ അയിരിന്റെ സാന്ദ്രണത്തിന് ഉപയോഗിക്കാവുന്ന ഒരു മാർഗ്ഗത്തിന്റെ പേരെഴുതുക.
a) ജലപ്രവാഹത്തിൽ കഴുകിയെടുക്കൽ
b) പ്ലവനപ്രക്രിയ
c) കാന്തിക വേർതിരിക്കൽ
d) ലീച്ചിങ്
Answer:
b) പ്ലവനപ്രക്രിയ

Question 4.
പ്രസ്താവന 1: സസ്യങ്ങൾക്ക് കൂടിയ അളവിൽ വേണ്ടിവരുന്ന മൂന്ന് മൂലകങ്ങളാണ് നൈട്രജനും (N) ഫോസ്ഫറസും (P) പൊട്ടാസ്യവും (K). ഇവയെ പ്രാഥമിക പോഷകങ്ങൾ എന്ന് വിളി ക്കുന്നു.
പ്രസ്താവന 2: ഇരുമ്പ്, മാംഗനീസ് തുടങ്ങിയ മൂലകങ്ങൾ സസ്യങ്ങൾക്ക് വളരെ ചെറിയ അള വിൽ മാത്രമേ ആവശ്യമുള്ളൂ. അവയെ സൂക്ഷ്മ പോഷകങ്ങൾ എന്ന് വിളിക്കുന്നു.

ഈ പ്രസ്താവനകളെ സംബന്ധിച്ച് ചുവടെ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്നവയിൽ ശരിയായത് ഏത്?
A. പ്രസ്താവന 1ഉം 2ഉം ശരിയാണ്.
B. പ്രസ്താവന 1 ശരിയാണ് എന്നാൽ 2 ശരിയല്ല.
C. പ്രസ്താവന 1 ശരിയല്ല, എന്നാൽ 2 ശരിയാണ്.
D. പ്രസ്താവന 1ഉം 2ഉം ശരിയല്ല.
Answer:
A. പ്രസ്താവന 1ഉം 2ഉം ശരിയാണ്.

5 മുതൽ 11 വരെ ചോദ്യങ്ങളിൽ രണ്ടെണ്ണത്തിന് ചോയ്സ് ഉണ്ട്. 2 സ്കോർ വീതം. (7 × 2 = 14)

Question 5.
കാർബണിന്റെ അറ്റോമിക മാസ് 12 ആണ്. എങ്കിൽ
(a) ഒരു ഗ്രാം ആറ്റം കാർബണിന്റെ മാസ് (1 GAM) എത്ര?
Answer:
12g

(b) ഇത്രയും ഗ്രാം കാർബണിലെ ആറ്റങ്ങളുടെ എണ്ണം എത്ര?
Answer:
6.022 × 1023

Question 6.
ഗാഢ സൾഫ്യൂരിക് ആസിഡ് നൈട്രേറ്റുകളുമായി പ്രവർത്തിച്ച് നൈട്രിക് ആസിഡ് ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നു.
a) ഇതേ രീതിയിൽ ഹൈഡ്രോക്ലോറിക് ആസിഡ് ലഭിക്കാൻ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്ന സോഡിയം ലവണമേത്?
b) ഈ പ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ രാസസമവാക്യം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
a) സോഡിയം ക്ലോറൈഡ് (NaCl)
b) NaCl + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HCl

Question 7.
ബോക്സിൽ ചില ലോഹങ്ങൾ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്നു. (Fe, Mg, Cu, Pb, Zn)
a) ഇവയിൽ നേർപ്പിച്ച HCl-മായി തീവ്രമായി പ്രവർത്തിക്കുന്ന ലോഹമേത്?
Answer:
Mg (മഗ്നീഷ്യം

b) പ്രവർത്തനഫലമായി ഉണ്ടാകുന്ന വാതകം ഏതാണ്?
Answer:
ഹൈഡ്രജൻ (H2)

Question 8.
(A) ഗാഢ ഹൈഡ്രോക്ലോറിക് ആസിഡിൽ മുക്കിയ ഒരു ഗ്ലാസ് റോഡ് അമോണിയ വാതകത്തിന് മുകളിൽ കാണിച്ചപ്പോൾ കട്ടിയുള്ള വെളുത്ത പുകയുണ്ടായി.
a) ഈ പരീക്ഷണത്തിൽ ഉണ്ടായ സംയുക്തം ഏത്?
Answer:
അമോണിയം ക്ലോറൈഡ് (NHCl)

b) ഈ സംയുക്തം ഉണ്ടാകുന്ന രാസപ്രവർത്തന ത്തിന്റെ സമവാക്യം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl

OR

(B) രണ്ട് ഉഭയദിശാപ്രവർത്തങ്ങൾ നൽകിയിരി ക്കുന്നു.
(i) H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2HI(g) + താപം
Answer:
H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2HI(g) + താപം

(ii) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g) + താപം
a) മർദത്തിന് സ്വാധീനമില്ലാത്ത രാസപ്രവർത്തനം തിരിച്ചറിയുക.
b) രണ്ടാമത്തെ പ്രവർത്തനത്തിൽ താപനില വർധിപ്പിക്കുന്നത് ഉൽപ്പന്നത്തിന്റെ അളവിനെ എങ്ങനെ സ്വാധീനിക്കുന്നു?
Answer:
ഉൽപ്പന്നത്തിന്റെ അളവ് കുറയുന്നു.

Question 9.
ബ്ലാസ്റ്റ് ഫർണസ് ഉപയോഗിച്ചാണ് ഹേമറ്റൈറ്റിനെ അയൺ ആക്കി മാറ്റുന്നത്.
a) അയണിന്റെ അയിരിനോടൊപ്പം ബ്ലാസ് ഫർണസിൽ നിക്ഷേപിക്കുന്ന പദാർഥങ്ങൾ ഏതെല്ലാം?
Answer:
കോക്ക് (C), ചുണ്ണാമ്പ് കല്ല് (CaCO3)

b) ബ്ലാസ്റ്റ് ഫർണസിൽ നിരോക്സീകാരിയായി പ്രവർത്തിക്കുന്ന സംയുക്തം ഏത്?
Answer:
കാർബൺ മോണോക്സൈഡ് (CO)

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium

Question 10.
നിത്യജീവിതത്തിൽ വ്യാപകമായി ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്ന ഒരു ലോഹമാണ് അലുമിനിയം.
a) അലുമിനിയത്തിന്റെ അയിര് ഏത്?
Answer:
ബോക്സൈറ്റ്

b) ഈ അയിരിന്റെ സാന്ദ്രീകരണ മാർഗ്ഗം എന്ത്?
Answer:
ലീച്ചിങ്

Question 11.
(A) STP യിൽ ഏതൊരു വാതകത്തിന്റെ 1 മോളിന്റെ വ്യാപ്തം 22.4 L ആണ്. STP യിൽ 34g NH3 ന്റെ വ്യാപ്തം എത്രയായിരിക്കും?
Answer:
മോളുകളുടെ എണ്ണം = \(\frac{34}{17}\) = 2 മോൾ
STP യിലെ വ്യാപ്തം
= മോളുകളുടെ എണ്ണം × 22.4 = 2 × 22.4
= 44.8 ലിറ്റർ

OR

(B) കാർബൺ ഡൈഓക്സൈഡിന്റെ (CO) തന്മാത്രാ ഭാരം 44 ആണ്.
(a) 2× 6.022 × 1023 എണ്ണം CO2 തന്മാത്രകളുടെ ഭാരം എത്രയാണ്?
Answer:
88g
മാസ് = മോളുകളുടെ എണ്ണം x മോളാർ മാസ്
= 2 × 44g = 88g

(b) 264 g CO -വിന് തുല്യമായ എണ്ണം തന്മാത്ര കളുള്ള നൈട്രജന്റെ ഭാരം എത്രയായി രിക്കും? (നൈട്രജന്റെ തന്മാത്രാ ഭാരം = 28)
Answer:
168 g
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium 1
= \(\frac{264}{44}\) = 6 മോൾ

12 മുതൽ 17 വരെ ചോദ്യങ്ങളിൽ രണ്ടെണ്ണത്തിന് ചോയ്സ് ഉണ്ട്. 3 സ്കോർ വീതം. (6 × 3 = 18)

Question 12.
a) പൈപ്പുകൾ നിർമ്മിക്കാൻ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്ന PVC എന്ന പോളിമെറിന്റെ ഘടന വരയ്ക്കുക.
Answer:
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium 2

b) PVC നിർമ്മിക്കാൻ ആവശ്യമായ മോണോമർ ഏതാണ്?
Answer:
nCH2 = CHCl
വിനൈൽ ക്ലോറൈഡ്

c) ഈ രാസപ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ സമവാക്യം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium 3

Question 13.
(A) ബ്യൂട്ടാൻ-1-ഓളും മീഥോക്സി പ്രൊപ്പെം ഐസോമറുകളാണ്. അവയുടെ ഘടനാ വാക്യങ്ങൾ താഴെ തന്നിരിക്കുന്നു.
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – O – CH3
a) ഇത് ഏത് തരം ഐസോമെറിസത്തിന് ഉദാഹരണമാണ്?
Answer:
ഫംങ്ഷണൽ ഐസോമെറിസം

b) ബട്ടാൻ 1-ഓളിന്റെ ചെയിൻ ഐസോമെ റിന്റെ ഘടനാവാക്യവും IUPAC നാമവും എഴുതുക.
Answer:
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium 4

OR

(B) ഒരു പൂരിത ഹൈഡ്രോകാർബണിൽ ആകെ 7 കാർബൺ ആറ്റങ്ങൾ ഉണ്ട്. ഇതിന്റെ മുഖ്യ കാർബൺ ശൃംഖലയിലെ 2-00 കാർബണാറ്റത്തിൽ ശാഖയായി ഒരു മീഥൈൽ ഗ്രൂപ്പുണ്ട്.
a) ഈ സംയുക്തത്തിന്റെ ഘടന വരയ്ക്കുക
Answer:
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium 5

b) ഈ സംയുക്തത്തിന്റെ IUPAC നാമം എഴുതുക
Answer:
2-മീഥൈൽ ഹെയ്ൻ

Question 14.
എഥനോളിന്റെ വ്യാവസായിക നിർമ്മാണത്തിന്റെ ഒരു ഘട്ടത്തിലെ രാസസമവാക്യം നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്നു.
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium 6
a. 8-10% എഥനോൾ പൊതുവെ എന്നറിയപ്പെടുന്നു.
Answer:
വാഷ്

b. 8-10% എഥനോളിൽ നിന്ന് റിഫൈഡ് സ്പിരിറ്റ് നിർമ്മിക്കുന്നതെങ്ങനെ?
Answer:
അംശിക സ്വേദനം വഴി

c. എഥനോളിൽ നിന്ന് ഡീനേച്ചേർഡ് സ്പിരിറ്റ് എങ്ങനെ ഉണ്ടാക്കാം?
Answer:
എഥനോളിലേക്ക് കുറച്ച് മെഥനോൾ ചേർത്ത് അല്ലെങ്കിൽ പിരിഡിൻ ചേർത്ത്

Question 15.
ഒരു മൂലകം “A യുടെ സബ്ൽ ഇലക്ട്രോൺ വിന്യാസം രണ്ട് വ്യത്യസ്ത രീതികളിൽ നൽകി യിരിക്കുന്നു.
(ചിഹ്നം യഥാർത്ഥമല്ല)
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p 3s2 3p6 3d2
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p63s2 3p6 4s2
a) ഇവയിലേതാണ് ശരിയായ സബ് ഷെൽ ഇലക്ട്രോൺ വിന്യാസം? എന്തുകൊണ്ട്?
Answer:
1s2 2s2 2p63s2 3p6 4s2
ഊർജത്തിന്റെ ആരോഹണക്രമം കാരണം 3p കഴിഞ്ഞാണ് 4s നിറയുന്നത്.

b) പീരിയോഡിക് ടേബിളിൽ ഏത് ബ്ലോക്കിലാണ് ഈ മൂലകം ഉൾപ്പെടുന്നതെന്ന് തിരിച്ചറിയുക?
Answer:
s-ബ്ലോക്ക്

Question 16.
(A) ഇലക്ട്രോപ്ലേറ്റിംഗ് വഴി ഒരു ചെമ്പുവളയിൽ സിൽവർ ആവരണം ചെയ്യുന്നു.
a) ഈ പ്രക്രിയയിൽ ബാറ്ററിയുടെ നെഗറ്റീവ് ടെർമിനലുമായി ബന്ധിപ്പിക്കുന്ന ലോഹം ഏത്?
Answer:
ചെമ്പ്

b) ഇവിടെ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്ന ഇലക്ട്രോലൈറ്റ് ഏത്?
Answer:
സോഡിയം സയനൈഡിന്റെയും സിൽവർ സയനൈഡിന്റേയും മിശ്രിത ലായനി (അല്ലെങ്കിൽ) സിൽവർ നൈട്രേറ്റ് ലായനി.

c) പോസിറ്റീവ് ഇലക്ട്രോഡിൽ നടക്കുന്ന രാസപ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ രാസസമവാക്യം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
Ag → Ag+ + 1e ̄
2Ag → 2Ag+ + 2e ̄

OR

(B) ചില ലോഹങ്ങളുടെ ക്രിയാശീല ക്രമം നൽകി യിരിക്കുന്നു. ഇവ വിശകലനം ചെയ്ത് ചുവടെ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന ചോദ്യങ്ങൾക്ക് ഉത്തരമെഴു തുക.
Mg > Zn> Fe> Cu > Ag
a) നേർപ്പിച്ച ഹൈഡ്രോക്ലോറിക് ആസിഡുമായി ഹൈഡ്രജന ആദേശം പ്രവർത്തിച്ച് ചെയ്യാത്ത ഏതെങ്കിലും ഒരു ലോഹത്തിന്റെ പേരെഴുതുക.
Answer:
Cu ആല്ലെങ്കിൽ

b) FeSO4 ലായനിയിൽ നിന്ന് Fe-യെ ആദേശം ചെയ്യാൻ കഴിയുന്ന ലോഹങ്ങൾ ഏതെല്ലാം?
Answer:
Mg, Zn

c) Zn, Fe എന്നിവ ഉപയോഗിച്ച് ഒരു ഗാൽവനിക് സെൽ നിർമ്മിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു.
(i) ഈ സെല്ലിലെ ആനോഡ് ഏത്?
(ii) കാഥോഡിൽ നടക്കുന്ന രാസപ്രവർത്തന ത്തിന്റെ സമവാക്യം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
(i) ആനോഡ് – Zn (ക്രിയാശീലം കൂടിയ ലോഹം)
(ii) Fe2+ + 2e → Fe (നിരോക്സീകരണം)

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium

Question 17.
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 1 Malayalam Medium 7
a) തന്നിരിക്കുന്ന സംയുക്തത്തിൽ എത്ര ശാഖ കളുണ്ട്?
Answer:
2

b) ശാഖകളുടെ പേരുകൾ എന്തൊക്കെയാണ്?
Answer:
മീഥൈൽ

c) ഈ സംയുക്തത്തിന്റെ IUPAC നാമം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
2,2-ഡൈമീഥൈൽ പാപ്പെയ്ൻ

ചോദ്യം പതിനെട്ടിന് ചോയ്സ് ഉണ്ട്. 4 സ്കോർ, (1 × 4 = 4)

Question 18.
(A) ഹേമറ്റൈറ്റ് ഇരുമ്പായി മാറുന്നത് ബ്ലാസ്റ്റ് ഫർണസിലെ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങളിലൂടെയാണ്.
a) ബ്ലാസ്റ്റ് ഫർണസിലേക്ക് ചേർക്കുന്ന പദാർഥങ്ങൾ ഹേമറ്റൈറ്റും ചുണ്ണാമ്പു കല്ലും ________ ആണ്.
Answer:
കോകും

b) ഫർണസിൽ കാർബൺ മോണോക്സൈ ഡാണ് പ്രധാനമായും ഹേമറ്റൈറ്റിനെ നിരോക് സീകരിച്ച് അയൺ ആക്കി മാറ്റുന്നത്. ഈ പ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ രാസ സമവാക്യമെഴുതുക.
Answer:
Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2

c) ഫർണസിൽ നിന്നും മാലിന്യങ്ങളെ സ്ലാഗ് ആക്കി നീക്കം ചെയ്യുന്നു. സ്ലാഗ് ഉണ്ടാകുന്ന പ്രവർത്തന സമവാക്യം പൂർത്തീകരിക്കുക.
________ + SiO2 → CaSiO3
Answer:
CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3

d) ഫർണസിൽ നിന്ന് ലഭിക്കുന്ന ഇരുമ്പ് ഏത് പേരിൽ അറിയപ്പെടുന്നു?
Answer:
പിഗ് അയൺ (Pig iron)

OR

(B) ബോക്സിൽ നിന്ന് അനുയോജ്യമായ സാന്ദ്ര ണരീതി കണ്ടെത്തി പട്ടിക പൂർത്തിയാക്കുക.

ജലപ്രവാഹത്തിൽ കഴുകിയെടുക്കൽ, ലീച്ചിങ്, കാന്തികവിഭജനം, പ്ലവനപ്രക്രിയ
അയിരുകളുടെ പ്രത്യേകത അയിരിൽ അടങ്ങി യിരിക്കുന്ന മാലിന്യ ങ്ങളുടെ പ്രത്യേകത സാന്ദ്രണ രീതി
സാന്ദ്രത കൂടിയവ സാന്ദ്രത കുറഞ്ഞവ (a) ________
കാന്തിക സ്വഭാവം ഉളളവ കാന്തിക സ്വഭാവം ഇല്ലാത്തവ (b)  ________
സാന്ദ്രത കുറഞ്ഞ സൾഫൈഡ് അയി രുകൾ സാന്ദ്രത കൂടിയവ (c)  ________
ലായനിയിൽ ലയി ക്കുന്ന അലുമി നിയം അയിരുകൾ അതേ ലായനിയിൽ ലയിക്കാത്തവ (d)  ________

Answer:
a) ജലപ്രവാഹത്തിൽ കഴുകിയെടുക്കൽ
b) കാന്തിക വിഭജനം
c) പ്ലവന പ്രക്രിയ
d) ലീച്ചിങ്

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 2

Reviewing solved English Question Paper Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Set 2 helps in understanding answer patterns.

English Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Model Question Paper Set 2

Time: 2½ Hours
Score: 80 Marks

Instructions:

  1. 15 minutes is given as cool off time.
  2. This time is to be used for reading the question paper.
  3. You are not supposed to write anything during the cool off time.
  4. Attempt the questions according to the instructions.

Questions 1-5. Read the following extract from ‘Trills and Thrills: Bird-watching in India” by Salim Ali and answer the questions that follow. (5 × 1 = 5)

He was an Austrian anthropologist – Baron Omar Rolf. He said ornithology was his second love. He wanted to come with me the next morning. Led by a forest guard, we were walking on a narrow animal path through dense tall grassland above 5 feet high. It was the right kind of habitat for the Broad-tailed Grass Warbler.

At a bend in the path, the forest guard suddenly stopped, excitedly pointing in front. I just saw an elephant coming down the same path from the opposite direction. I turned to flee as fast as I could, motioning to Omar who was a bit behind me to do the same.

Question 1.
What did the Austrian anthropologist say about ornithology?
Answer:
About ornithology the Austrian anthropologist said that it was his second love.

Question 2.
What is the right kind of habitat for the Broadtailed Grass Warbler?
Answer:
The right kind of habitat for the Broad-tailed Grass Warbler is dens’e tall grassland above 5 feet high.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 2

Question 3.
At the bend in the path, what did the forest guard point to?
A. A Broad-tailed Grass Warbler
B. The bend in the path
C. Baron Omar Rolf who was walking behind.
D. An elephant
Answer:
D. An elephant

Question 4.
What did the writer want to do when he saw the elephant?
A. He wanted to go near it and see it properly.
B. He wanted to take its photograph.
C. He told the forest guard to stop.
D. He wanted to flee.
Answer:
D. He wanted to flee.

Question 5.
Identify the Noun Phrase in the subject position and the Verb Phrase from the sentence given below. At a bend in the path, the forest guard suddenly stopped, excitedly pointing in front.
Answer:
Noun Phrase: At a bend in the path, the forest guard Verb Phrase: suddenly stopped, excitedly pointing in front.

Questions 6-9: Read the lines from the dramatic speech “Friends, Romans and Countrymen” and answer the questions that follow. (4 × 1 = 4)

I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke,
But here I am to speak what I do know.
You all did love him once, not without cause:
What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him?
O judgment! thou art fled to bmtish beasts,
And men have lost their reason. Bear with me;
My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar,
And I must pause till it comes back to me.

Question 6.
According to Mark Antony, is he speaking to disprove what Brutus spoke?
Answer:
No, he is not. According to Mark Antony he is not speaking to disprove what Brutus spoke.

Question 7.
What/Who has fled to brutish feasts?
A. Julius Caesar
B. Brutus
C. Judgment
D. MarkAntony
Answer:
C. Judgment

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 2

Question 8.
Why must Mark Antony pause during his speech? He says:
A. He is so sad he can’t speak.
B. Brutish beasts are there and he is afraid.
C. His heart is in the coffin with Caesar.
D. He wants to take breath.
Answer:
C. His heart is in the coffin with Caesar.

Question 9.
What is the poetic device used in the line “What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him?”
Answer:
Rhetorical question

Question 10.
(A) Read the following lines from ‘The Seedling” by Paul Lawrence Dunbar and prepare an appreciation focusing on the use of language, tone, message, and literary devices. (1 × 5 = 5)
Answer:
The Poem “The Seedling” by Paul Lawrence Dunbar is beautiful poem with a fine message. It is a poem of hope and resilience. The poet says that the sunshine poured upon the little plant. The clouds gave a shower. The little plant kept growing till it found itself a flower. The poet asks little children to be like the seedling. They should always do the best they can. Every child must share life’s labour just like every man. Then the sun and showers will help them through the lonesome, struggling hours, till they raise the fair, unfading flowers of virtue to light and beauty.

A plant faces so many possible dangers – lack of sunlight, moisture, and manure and the danger from insects, birds and animals. But with optimism it grows. Adversities should not deter us from progressing in life. Dunbar uses simple language. The imagery is superb. We get so many vivid images in the poem. We see a quiet little seedling that lies within its darksome bed of soil grows and flowers. The poet has used many alliterations like little leaflet and sun and showers. The poem is in rhyme, with the rhyming scheme abcb. The tone of the poem is optimistic and also didactic.

OR
B. In “Preference Nationale” by Fatou Diome, we saw her application for French citizenship was rejected because of the new policy. Disheartened by this, she writes an e-mail to the Senegalese Ambassador in France, seeking a solution to the problem. Draft the email. Questions 11-14: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.(4 × 1 = 4)

The world often seems to celebrate the qualities of extroverts: those who are outgoing, thrive in group settings, and are quick to jump into conversation and action. However, the quieter temperament of introverts is an equally valuable force in society. Introversion is not about shyness, but rather about how a person gains and expends energy. Extroverts are energized by social interaction, whereas introverts find their energy depleted by it and need solitary time to recharge.

Introverts are typically characterized by their tendency towards deep thought, careful observation, and introspection. They prefer to listen rather than speak, often processing information thoroughly before offering a well-considered response. This reserved nature is a significant asset. Many of history’s most creative thinkers, successful scientists, and insightful leaders from Albert Einstein to J.K. Rowling have been noted introverts.

In the classroom or workplace, the thoughtful contributions of an introvert can prevent hasty decisions and foster a more reflective environment. While they may not dominate a brainstorming session, their ideas, when finally shared, are often original, detailed, and thoroughly analyzed.

Recognizing and valuing this “silent power” is crucial for creating truly diverse and effective teams, ensuring that the best ideas, regardless of the volume they are spoken at, are heard.
Answer:
senegaleseambassadorparis@.com Sub:
Rejection of the application of citizenship Dear Sir,
I am a Senegalese citizen married to a French gentleman. Soon after our marriage I applied for citizenship but my application was rejected because of the new Mr. Borders Law which says that if you are married to a French citizen, it will now take two years for you to claim the benefits of citizenship. Life has become very hard for me because of this law.

I can’t find a suitable job although I am well qualified in the French language. Employers refuse to give us jobs as we are not French citizens. This has made our life miserable as we can’ even find money to buy food. I therefore humbly request you to take up the matter with the French authorities and find a quick suitable solution to our vexing problem.

Yours faithfully,
Fatou Diome

Question 11.
What are the qualities of extroverts?
Answer:
Extroverts are outgoing, thrive in group settings, and are quick to jump into conversation and action.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 2

Question 12.
According to the passage, the core difference between an introvert and an extrovert lies in:
A) The quality of their ideas.
B) Their ability to lead a team.
C) The amount of time they spend in sleep.
D) Their preference for office work.

Choose the right answer from the following:
i) A and D
ii) B and C
iii) C and D
iv) A and B
Answer:
iv) A and B

Question 13.
The author suggests that introverts preference for listening and careful observation primarily leads to:
A) A shyness that hinders their career growth.
B) A desire to avoid all social situations.
C) Well-considered, detailed, and original contributions.
D) Preventing hasty decisions.

Choose the right answer from the following:
i) A and B are correct.
ii) B and C are correct,
iii) A and C are correct
iv) C and D are correct
Answer:
iv) C and D are correct

Question 14.
State one specific benefit of having introverts present in a classroom or workplace, as mentioned in the passage.
Answer:
The presence of introverts can prevent hasty decisions and foster a more reflective environment due to their tendency toward deep thought and careful observation. Their contributions are often original and thoroughly analyzed.

Questions 15-18. Answer either A or B.

Question 15.
(A) In the story “A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings”, the old man is treated differently by the various characters. Pelayo and his wife use him for profit. The neighbour woman thinks he is an angel who came to take away the baby of Pelayo. The crowd thinks he is an object for fun. The doctor wonders why other people have no wings like the old man and the child thinks of him as a playmate. Prepare a write up based on the above feelings of the characters about the attitude of the society to the weak and vulnerable and the need for compassion. (1 × 7 = 7)
Answer:
The old man with the enormous wings had fallen down in the mud and he was unable to get up as his wings got entangled in the mud. Pelayo and his wife called a neighbour woman who said that he must have been coming for the child, but he was so old that the rain knocked him down. Pelayo dragged the old man out of the mud and locked him up in the chicken coop. He and his wife thought of making money out of the old man by making him a rare show piece and charging people to visit him.

To the crowd the old man was nothing but a circus animal. They even threw food items to him. Some plucked his feathers and some sadists even threw stones at him. The doctor heard much whistling in his heart and many sounds in his kidneys. He was surprised at the wings on the man. He did not know why others had no wings. For the child the old man was another playmate. So we see the different attitudes of the people to the weak and the vulnerable. Instead of showing compassion and giving the old man a comfortable place to rest and recover, he was locked up in a chicken coop.

B. Develop a web page on the tourist attractions of your area, highlighting the variety of birds there. You may also give details of migratory birds.
Answer:

Welcome to My Village, Thrikkakara – A Bird Watcher’s Paradise!

Escape the city’s hustle and bustle and immerse yourself in the tranquillity of my village. Here, nature thrives, offering a peaceful retreat for every visitor. While our village is known for its cultural heritage and scenic beauty, its hue highlight is the incredible variety of birds that call this place their home. When talking of cultural heritage I must mention “Thrikakkarappan”, very much seen during Onam celebrations.

Thrikkakara is a unique habitat for birds with its perfect mix of lush bushes, small hills, extensive farmlands, and a lake. This diverse landscape attracts a wide range of bird species, from vibrant migratory birds to rare resident ones. You don’t need to be an expert bird watcher to enjoy the spectacle just a pair of binoculars and keen eyes will do!

Near the lake you can spot a variety of water- birds like Kingfishers, Herons, and Egrets, especially in the morning. In the winter, you might even see some migratory species that travel thousands of miles to visit this place. In the bush areas you will see the Cuckoos and can hear their melodious songs. In the farmlands you can see peacocks strutting proudly, sparrows flitting among the crops, and kites soaring high in the sky.

Enjoy Local Cuisine: No visit is complete to my village without tasting our delicious local food. Enjoy traditional dishes made from fresh, locally sourced ingredients. You’ll find a range of flavours that will leave you wanting more!

Plan Your Trip: Our village is perfect for a day trip or a weekend getaway.  The best time to visit for bird-watching is from October to March, when the weather is pleasant and migratory birds are plenty. Thrikkakara is between Emakulam and Aluva. You can easily reach the place by road. The nearest railway station is Edappally. Come and experience the charm of our village a peaceful haven where nature and culture beautifully intertwine. We eagerly wait for you!

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 2

Question 16.
(A) The sight of the Yellow-naped Yuhina so enthralled Salim Ali that he forgot his surroundings and would have fallen into the seemingly bottomless chasm. Narrate the incident. Why do people engage in such adventurous and challenging activities? (1 × 6 = 6)
Answer:
The incident took place when Salim Ali was on the Himalayan trail from Almora to the Lipu Lekh Pass on his way to Lake Manasarover and Mount Kailas in 1945. He was at a particularly narrow part of the trail with a thousand feet of vertical scarp one side and the roaring Kali River some 300 feet vertically down the other side. He then saw this Yellow-naped Yuhina. To have a closer look he took a step back. He heard a pebble tumbling down.

When he looked back he realised that if he had gone back two inches further he would have fallen into an abyss. He was lucky! People engage in such adventurous but challenging activities because of the joy and satisfaction they get when they do things they want to do. Man by nature is curious. All human progress is the result of the adventurous and challenging activities undertaken by curious and brave people.

OR
(B) Youhaveenjoyedthestory“AVery01dMan with Enormous Wings” by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Using the details given below, prepare his biographical sketch. (called Gabo – Nobel Prize in 1982 – Famous novels: “Love in time of Cholera” and “No one Writes to the Colonel” and “One Hundred Years of Solitude” – author – journalist and activist – bom in 1927 at Arcataca to Gabriel Eligio Garcia and Luisa Santiaga Marquez Iguaran – Rised by maternal grandparents – studied Law – Imagination, observtion, rooted in culture, humility – perfected Magical Realism.)
Answer:
Gabriel Garcia Marquez, often called “Gabo,” was one of the most important and beloved writers of the 20th century. He won the Nobel Prize in 1982. He was an author, journalist, and activist. He is a giant of modem literature, best known for his masterpiece, “One Hundred Years of Solitude.” His other famous novels are: “Love in time of Cholera” and “No one Writes to the Colonel”.

He was born in 1927 in the small town of Aracataca, in the Caribbean region of Colombia, to Gabriel Eligio Garcia and Luisa Santiaga Marquez Iguaran. Soon after Garcia Marquez was bom, his father became a pharmacist and moved with his wife to the nearby large port city of Barranquilla, leaving young Gabriel in Aracataca. He was raised by his maternal grandparents. He attended a Jesuit college to study law. After his graduation in 1947, Garcia Marquez stayed in Bogota to study law at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, but spent most of his spare time reading fiction. He was inspired by La metamorfosis by Franz Kafka.

Gabo possessed an unparalleled imagination. He didn’t just write stories; he built entire, believable worlds full of extraordinary events, a style known as Magical Realism. He could seamlessly blend the ordinary details of life, like cooking or local gossip, with the fantastic like people ascending to heaven or ghosts that talk.

He was deeply observant and his writing was rooted in his culture. He was a passionate journalist and a Social Critic. Despite being incredibly famous a literary superstar Gabo was known to be a private and surprisingly humble man. Lie was fiercely dedicated to his craft and often seemed overwhelmed by the public adoration, preferring the company of close friends and family. Garcia Marquez is celebrated for perfecting Magical Realism, a style where magic and fantasy are treated as normal parts of an otherwise realistic setting. He died in 2014.

Question 17.
In “Shakuntalam” we saw how people, animals, birds, plants and trees live in harmony with nature. Nature has a great influence on our lives. Describe your thoughts about nature and mention some of the sounds of nature that you would love to listen to. (1 × 6 = 6)
Answer:
In “Shakuntalam” we saw how people, animals, birds, plants and trees live in harmony with nature. The care given by Father Kanva and other inmates to the plants and animals in and around the hermitage is truly worth emulation. We see the jasmine creeping over the mango tree, enjoying each other’s proximity. They are considered as wife and husband – jasmine is the wife and the mango tree is the husband. We see deer roaming about without being afraid of people. We see parrot chicks eating rice grains and growing up on tree tops.

Nature has a great influence over our lives. It gives us air, water and sunlight. It is nature that gives us things on which we survive. The flowering and fruitioning of the plants and trees help all the people and other creatures. Nature is beautiful and gives us such exquisite sights and sounds. The chirping of birds, the waves making music as they kiss the shores, murmur of leaves during the wind, the drumming of the rains on the roofs are all sounds we relish. They make us feel happy and energetic and give us blissful feelings of optimism.

OR
B. King Dushyanta is a fearless warrior. He has many other qualities also. Six instances from the play are given below. What quality of his is revealed in each instance?

Instances from the Plav Oualitv Revealed
A. And even now his neck in beauty bends
B. The path he takes is strewed with blades of grass half chewed.
C. Bows to the hermit and puts the arrow in its quiver and thanks him for his blessing
D. Do you not see? Why? Here are rice grains, dropped from the bills of parrot chicks beneath the trees; and the pounding stones where sticks a little almond oil, and trustful deer that do not run away as we draw near.
E. We must not disturb the hermitage, Stop here while I dismount
F. But the flattery is true, her arms are tender shoots; her lips are blossoms red and warm; bewitching youth begins to flower,, in beauty on her form

Answer:
a) Appreciating beauty
b) Wi11ingnes to overcome difficulties.
c) Humility
d) Poer of observation and logical thinking
e) Respect for others, good behaviour
f) Iketic quai it an enthusiastic lover

Question 18.
(A) Kerala is blessed with a variety of birds as it is supported by diverse landscapes – the Western Ghats, extensive backwaters and lush coastal wetlands. There are over 500 species of birds here, some of which – Malabar Grey Hombill, Nilgiri Woodpigeon and White bellied Treepie – are found only in Kerala. But there are great threats to all this bird wealth. What are the threats and what should we do to preserve our bird wealth? (1 × 4 = 4)
Answer:
(A) Kerala is popularly called God’s Own Country. She is abundantly blessed with a variety of birds as it is supported by diverse landscapes. We have the Western Ghats, extensive backwaters and lush coastal wetlands which support our bird- wealth. There are over 500 species of birds here, some of which – Malabar Grey Hombill, Nilgiri Woodpigeon and White bellied Treepie are found only in Kerala. But there are great threats to all this bird wealth.

Here are some of the major threats the bird wealth faces:
i) Conversion of Natural Habitats: Forests, wetlands, and grasslands are continuously lost or converted for agriculture, plantations like rubber, coconut) and development activities like construction of roads and, urbanisation.

ii) Wetland Destruction: Wetlands, crucial habitats for waterbirds for nesting, feeding, and breeding, are being destroyed by clay mining, land reclamation, and pollution

iii) Loss of Sacred Groves (Kavus): These biodiversity-rich patches are threatened by people finding ways to destroy them for private land use.

iv) Pollution, Use of Pesticides and Inorganic Farming: The extensive use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture contaminates the environment, directly harming birds and reducing their food base (insects, fish).

v) Water Contamination: Release of sewage water from hotels and factories contributes to water pollution, affecting the aquatic food chain and bird health. Solutions to these problems are to be found. Planting more trees, preserving the eco system, not using artificial pesticides and fertilizers, proper planning in urbanization, etc. will be helpful in maintaining our bird wealth.

(B) Rabindranath Tagore, the Nobel Prize winner, has written many poems about nature and the joy it gives. Read the following lines from the poem “New Rains”. Make a summary of it. Do you enjoy the sights and sounds of Nature? Mention some sights of nature that have thrilled you.
My heart dances today-dances like a peacock. Like the shimmer of its plumes,
My heart glistens with rapturous colours.
When I see the sky, my longing loses itself in euphoria.
My heart dances today-dances like a peacock. The clouds rumble, rumble high up in the heavens. The rain rushes in.
The new stalks of rice quiver.
Doves shiver silently in their nests, frogs croak in flooded fields,
The clouds rumble, rumble in the heavens.
Answer:
The speaker declares that his heart dances like a peacock, its plumes shining. When I see the sky I feel very happy and my heart also dances like the peacock. Now the poet describes the raw power and sounds of the monsoon. Storm-clouds roll across the sky, boasting with their loud th under. The rush of water causes the new rice-plants to bend and sway.The air is filled with the sounds of nature: frogs croak excitedly in the flooded fields, while doves tremble and huddle in their nests.

The rain is presented as a beautiful, almost magical event that makes the poet dance in bliss. Some of the sights of nature that have thrilled me are: The Athirappally Waterfalls for its powerful cascades, the Periyar National Park for its wildlife, the Alappuzha Backwaters for unique boat journeys, and the Edakkal Caves for their historical and adventurous appeal. Nature is full of beauty but we often fail to see it as we are always worried about our material needs and their fulfilment.

Questions 19-21. Answer all the questions.

Question 19.
You studied the poem “The Wild Swans at Coole” by W.B. Yeats. who was one of the great literary figures of the 20th century. Using the details given blow, prepare the like sketch of the poet. (1 × 6 = 6)
(Bom 1865- poet, dramatist, senator – the Irish Literary revival – write the preface for “Gitanjali” – themes of his poems are : Love, mythology, Irish folklore and politics, and the mystical – Famous works: “The Lake Isle ofInnisfree”, “When You Are Old, ” “Sailing to Byzantium, ” “The Second Coming, ” and “Easter, 1916″. His unrequited love for Maud Gonne , the Irish nationalist and actress – co-founded the Abbey Theatre Dublin – died 1939)
Answer:
William Butler Yeats is one of the most important poets of the 20tK century and a towering figure in English literature. He was a gifted writer and a true visionary who played a key role in the cultural revival ofhis native Ireland.He was bom ini865, in Sandymount, Dublin, Ireland. He was a Poet, Dramatist, and Senator. He wonthe Nobel Prize in Literature 1923.

He wrote the preface for “Gitanjali” for which Rabindranath Tagore got his Nobel Prize in 1913. Yeats was the leading force behind the Irish Literary Revival. This movement aimed to create a distinctive Irish literature based on local legends, myths, and folklore, rather than just following English traditions. His early poetry is full of the mystical beauty of Irish legends and a longing for a romantic past.

The themes ofhis Poetry are Love, mythology, Irish folklore and politics, and the mystical. Some ofhis famous works are: “The Lake Isle oflnnisfree ” (a famous poem about his desire for peace and nature), “When You Are Old”, “Sailing to Byzantium, ” “The Second Coming, ” and “Easter, 1916” (a tribute to the leaders of the Irish rebellion).

One of the most defining aspects of Yeasts’ life was his lifelong, unrequited love for the Irish nationalist and actress, Maud Gonne. She was his muse, and many ofhis most beautiful poems are written about her, capturing the pain and inspiration ofhis devotion. Along with Lady Augusta Gregory, Yeats cofounded the Abbey Theatre in Dublin.

This became the national theatre of Ireland and a stage for new Irish dramatic talent, further cementing his role in shaping the nation’s cultural identity. W.B. Yeats is celebrated for his unique ability to combine personal emotion with grand historical and philosophical themes. His work is a powerful blend of the romantic and the real, making him a true literary genius whose influence continues to shape poetry today. He died in 1939.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 2

Question 20.
The Literary Club of your school is planning to conduct an Elocution Competition for the students of Classes IX, X and XI of your school. Prepare a notice of the event mentioning the topic, date, time, venue, and Prizes. (1 × 4 = 4)
Answer:

ST. MARY’S H.S.S. IRINJALAKUDA LITERARY CLUB

15 January 2026

The Literary Club of our school is planning to conduct an Elocution Competition for the students of Classes IX, X and XI of our school in connection with our Annual Day Celebrations. The topic on which you have to talk will be given only a few minutes before the start of the Competition. This is to avoid candidates from studying things by heart and presenting them to the audience. The Competition will be held on 25 January 2026.

Time: 3.00 p.m.
Venue: School Auditorium

The speech will be for a maximum of 5 minutes. Students interested in taking part in the Competition must give their names to the undersigned before the 22nd of January 2026. All the students and teachers are requested to come and witness the Elocution Competition and encourage the competitors.

Shweta Raj
Secretary
Mobile: 8547088888

Question 21.
Read the passage given below taken from “Beloved Boles” and frame 4 questions based on it. (1× 4 = 4)
My acquaintance looked sad and looked at the sky and concluded: “The more a human creature has tasted the bitter things, the more it hungers after the sweet things of life. We, wrapped in our rags of virtues, regard others through the mist of our self-sufficiency, convinced of our righteousness, we do not understand this. And the whole thing turns out stupidly and cruelly. It is all as old as the hills. So old that it is a shame to speak of it. Very old indeed!”
Answer:
a) Why did the writer’s acquaintance look sad?
b) What are the three reasons given by the writer for our not understanding the pain of others?
c) What is as old as hills?
d) Are the conclusions of the acquaintance of the writer universally applicable?

Questions 22-26. Study the Advertisement below and answer the questions that follow: (5 × 1 = 5)

Job Advertisement
The Kerala State Library Board wants Library Assistants

5 November 2025

Position Available: Library Assistants
We are seeking dynamic and community-focused Library Assistants to work in the various public libraries and Government schools in the State.

Essential Requirements:
i) A Bachelor’s Degree from a recognized University.
ii) Diploma in Library
iii) Proficiency in Malayalam and English
iv) Basic computer skills

Candidates who have previous experience as Library Assistants will be given preference.

Age (as on the last date of the application): Between 20 and 30. Relaxation in the upper age limit is applicable for candidates belonging to SC/ ST/OBC categories as per government rules.

Job Profile & Key Responsibilities: Perform daily operations, including patron assistance, circulation, and shelving, handling administrative and technical tasks like cataloguing, managing databases, and helping with library programs. Their duties support librarians by ensuring the library is organized, functional, and accessible to the public.

Career & Promotional Prospects: Excellent opportunities for promotion as Library Supervisors and Librarians.

Last Date for Application: 20 November, 2025

Where to Send the Application: Send your CV with a covering letter and copies of testimonials to: The Director. Public Library Services. Administrative Office, Kazhakkutam. PIN 695 581 OR email to: libfaryserviceskereala@gmail.com Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted for further assessment.

Personnel Officer
Library Services Kerala

Question 22.
What is the position offered by the Kerala State Library Board?
Answer:
The position offered by the Kerala State Library Board is Library Assistants.

Question 23.
Which of the following is not a requirement for the job?
A. Master’s Degree
B. Proficiency in English and Malayalam
C. Basic Computer skills
D. Diploma in Library Science
Answer:
A. Master’s Degree

Question 24.
Who are entitled for relaxation in the upper age limit?
Where/To whom is the application to be sent? Who will be contracted by the authorities for further assessment?
A. The Director
B. All the candidates
C. Only those candidates who live in or around Kazhakkutam
D. The Personnel Officer
Answer:
Candidates belonging to SC/ST/OBC categories as per government rules.

Question 25.
Where/To whom is the application to be sent?
Answer:
The Director, Public Library Services, Administrative Office, Kazhakkutam, PIN 695 581 OR email to: ibfaryserviceskereala@gmail.com

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 2

Question 26.
Who will be contracted by the authorities for turther assessment?
A. The Director
B. All the candidates
C. Only those ¿andidates who live in or around Kazhakkutam
D. The Personnel Officer
Answer:
C. The short listed candidates

Question 27.
Edit the passage. The errors are in bold. (6 × 1/2 = 3)
The next morning I went to the bakery. Everything was white except the chocolate cake. The bose welcomed me. He had a German moustash, an Alsace assent, and wore a hat in the colours of the French flag. From the way he starred at me, I knew I had not made it through the qualifing round. The man did not like my colour. I told him I was there for the job he advertise.
Answer:
boss, moustache, accent, stared, qualifying, advertised

Question 28.
Complete the paragraph using the appropriate forms of the phrasal verbs given in brackets. (5 × 1 = 5)
Mark always (i)______ early, even on weekends. This morning, he needed to (ii) ______ the pile of papers on his desk before his big presentation. He was running late, so he quickly (iii) ______ a clean shirt and rushed out the door. On the way, he had to (iv)______ a detour because of road construction. He was relieved when he finally made it to the office and could (v) ______ his important work. (look out for, sort out, get on with, get up, put on)
Answer:
i) gets up,
ii) sort out,
iii) put on,
iv) look out for,
v) get on with

Question 29.
Complete the following passage choosing the right words from the brackets. (6 × 1/2 = 3)
It was impossible to imagine a good hike (i) ______ proper planning. Maria checked her map (ii)______ the third time, making sure she was still (iii)______the right trail. She had been walking (iv)______ the dense woods (v)______ the river all morning
(vi) ______ the beautiful scenery, the silence was what she enjoyed most. She knew that getting lost was a risk, but she was prepared to face any challenge that came her way. (on, besides, through, by, without, for)
Answer:
i) without,
ii) for,
iii) on,
iv) through,
v) by,
vi) Besides

Question 30.
Complete the following conversation between Mr. Student and Teresa? (5 × 1 = 5)
Mr. Student: Here does Boles live?
Teresa: There is no Boles.
Mr. Student: Then why do you write to someone who (i) ______?
Teresa: If it is so hard for you to write to Boles,take the (ii) ______ Others will write for me.
Mr. Student: Pardon me. I did not want to offend you. But please let me know why should you write to someone who does not exist?
Teresa: I write to him and he (iii)______ me and this will (iv)______ You wrote a letter to Boles andI gave it to (v) ______ it to me and I then imagined that Boles was there.
Answer:
i) does not exist
ii) letter you wrote back,
iii) writes to
iv) continue
v) someone to read

Question 31.
Report the following dialogue:
Anasuya: Shakuntala, the vine that you named ‘Light of the Grove’ has chosen the mango tree as her husband.
Shakuntala: Anasuya, now I know why people call you a flatterer.
Answer:
Anasuya told Shakutnala that the vine she had named “Light of the Grove” had chosen the mango tree as her husband.
Sakuntala responded by saying that now she knew why people called Anasuya a flatterer.

Question 32.
Choosing words from those given in brackets, give two-word captions to the pictures.
(food, miserable, man, destruction, poverty, environmental)
(a)
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 2 - 1
(b)
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 2 - 2
Answer:
a) Environmental Destruction
b) Miserable Poverty

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

Regular practice of SSLC IT Theory Questions and Class 10 IT Chapter 8 Let’s Give Life to Pictures Questions and Answers Notes prepares students for objective and descriptive examinations.

Class 10 IT Chapter 8 Question Answer

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions

InText Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Find out what all preparations are needed to prepare an animated film and complete the list given below:
Answer:

  1. A theme is required.
  2. A story based on the theme should be prepared.
  3. The sequence of events or scenes should be planned.
  4. A storyboard with details of each scene should be prepared.
  5. Characters and backgrounds should be designed.
  6. Dialogue, sound effects, and background music should be planned.
  7. Animation frames should be created for each scene.
  8. Editing and rendering should be done to finalize the film.
  9. The final video should be exported and reviewed.

Question 2.
Based on the first scene of Luna’s story, a sample with your friends and prepare the storyboards for
storyboard has been provided below. Discuss the other scenes using this sample as a model.
SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures 1
Answer:
SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures 2

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

Question 3.
What are the tools in the toolbox? Complete the table.
SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures 3
Answer:
SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures 4

Question 4.
How many Frames?
For an animation of 1 second in 12 FPS: 1*12=12 Frames
For an animation of 5 second in 12 FPS: …………………….
Answer:
5*12 FPS = 60 Frames

Class 10 IT Chapter 8 Let’s Assess

Question 1.
The names of some rooms (workspaces) in Open Toonz software are given. Note down their uses.
SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures 5
Answer:

Name of the Room Use
Animation Used to create and control animations, add keyframes, and apply movements.
Drawing Used to draw and edit images, characters, and backgrounds using various drawing tools.
Browser Used to manage project files, scenes, and folders within OpenToonz.

Question 2.
Given below are the icons of some important tool in OpenToonz. Complete the table with their uses.
SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures 6
Answer:
SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures 7

Std 10 IT Chapter 8 Extended Activities

Question 1.
Create the third scene of the animated film Luna using OpenToonz. Combine this with the first and second scenes you created earlier and make a complete film. (Resources for creating the animation are in the folder Animation/ Scene_3).
Answer:
(Flints)

  1. Open Scene 3 from the folder Animation/ Scene_3.
  2. Add the background (plant, puddle, Luna) in a new column.
  3. Use the Animate Tool → Position to move Luna from the puddle to the plant.
  4. Draw and colour the water channel using Brush and Fill Tools.
  5. Add background music if needed and save as Scene_3.
  6. Open a new scene, import Scene_1, Scene_2, and Scene_3 in order.
  7. Go to Render → Output Settings → MP4, then Render to make the full Luna film.

Question 2.
Create an animated film to be shown on World Anti-Drug Day based on the slogan “Say No to Drugs”. Create the necessary images in Inkscape or GIMP.
Answer:
(Hints)

  1. Create Images in Inkscape/GIMP:
    • Scene 1: A teen being offered drugs – text: “Drugs may look cool…”
    • Scene 2: Teen looking sick/sad – text: “…but they destroy lives.”
    • Scene 3: Happy, healthy teen – text: “Say No to Drugs. Choose Life.”
  2. Animate in OpenToonz:
    • Import images into columns.
    • Use Animate Tool for movement and transitions.
    • Add background music or voice-over.
  3. Render as’ MP4 and save as
    Say_No to Drugs, mp4.

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

SSLC IT Let’s Give Life to Pictures Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is the feature of our eyes that makes us perceive still images as moving ones?
a) Motion Illusion
b) Persistence of Vision
c) Optical Flow
d) Visual Continuity
Answer:
b) Persistence of Vision

Question 2.
How long does an image remain on the retina of the human eye?
a) One tenth of a second
b) One sixth of a second
c) One sixteenth of a second
d) One second
Answer:
c) One sixteenth of a second

Question 3.
What is a flipbook also known as?
a) Motion Pad
b) Kineograph
c) Sketchbook
d) Story Sheet
Answer:
b) Kineograph

Question 4.
Which of the following is a 2D animation software?
a) Blender
b) Autodesk Maya
c) OpenToonz
d) Adobe Dimension
Answer:
c) OpenToonz

Question 5.
Which Japanese animation film was created using OpenToonz?
a) Spirited Away
b) Belle
c) My Neighbor Totoro
d) Your Name
Answer:
b) Belle

Question 6.
OpenToonz was developed by which company?
a) Toonz India Pvt. Ltd.
b) Digital Video S.p.A., Italy
c) Studio Ghibli
d) Adobe Systems
Answer:
b) Digital Video S.p.A., Italy

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

Question 7.
In OpenToonz, what does FPS stand for?
a) Frames per second
b) File per scene
c) Format per screen
d) Frame projection system
Answer:
a) Frames per second

Question 8.
What is the frame rate used in the Luna animation example?
a) 24 FPS
b) 30 FPS
c) 12 FPS
d) 10 FPS
Answer:
c) 12 FPS

Question 9.
What is the file extension of project files in OpenToonz?
a) .mp4
b) .tnz
c) .otz
d) .ani
Answer:
b) .tnz

Question 10.
What is an Xsheet used for in OpenToonz?
a) Adding colors
b) Organizing content of animation scenes
c) Importing sound
d) Editing video output
Answer:
b) Organizing content of animation scenes

Question 11.
Which workspace in OpenToonz is used for drawing and coloring images?
a) Animation Room
b) Drawing Room
c) Browser Room
d) Rendering Room
Answer:
b) Drawing Room

Question 12.
What are keyframes in animation?
a) Frames that store sound
b) Frames used for title slides
c) Important frames showing main positions in motion
d) Duplicate frames for looping
Answer:
c) Important frames showing main positions in motion

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

Question 13.
What technique is used in OpenToonz to automatically create frames between two keyframes?
a) Morphing
b) Tweening
c) Stitching
d) Rendering
Answer:
b) Tweening

Question 14.
Which tool is used to create movement in objects in OpenToonz?
a) Animate Tool
b) Selection Tool
c) Brush Tool
d) Camera Tool
Answer:
a) Animate Tool

Question 15.
What is the purpose of the Render option in OpenToonz?
a) To draw objects
b) To export animation as a video file
c) To organize layers
d) To repeat cells
Answer:
b) To export animation as a video file

Question 16.
Which format is used for exporting video in OpenToonz?
a) .avi
b) .mov
c) .mp4
d) .gif
Answer:
c) .mp4

Question 17.
What type of images are drawn using Toonz Vector Level?
a) Raster images
b) Bitmap images
c) Vector images
d) Sketch images
Answer:
c) Vector images

Question 18.
What feature is used to duplicate a cell’s contents into multiple frames in OpenToonz?
a) Repeat button
b) Copy option
c) Duplicate cell
d) Fill frames
Answer:
a) Repeat button

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

Question 19.
Which animation software is used for 3D animations?
a) Synfig Studio
b) Blender
c) Tupi Tube Desk
d) OpenToonz
Answer:
b) Blender

Question 20.
What is the name of the story used in this chapter to create animation?
a) Bruno
b) Luna
c) Flora
d) Daisy
Answer:
b) Luna

(Select two correct answers from the options)
Question 21.
Which of the following statements about Persistence of Vision are correct?
a) It is the reason we see motion in still images.
b) It occurs because images stay briefly on our retina.
c) It lasts for one full second.
d) It is used in animation creation.
e) It is a sound-based illusion.
Answer:
a) It is the reason we see motion in still images, b) It occurs because images stay briefly on our retina.

Question 22.
Flipbooks are also known as ___________ .
a) Kineograph
b) FlickrBook
c) Motion Sheet
d) Comic Strip
e) Animation Pad
Answer:
a) Kineograph, b) FlickrBook

Question 23.
Which of the following are examples of 2D animation software?
a) OpenToonz
b) Blender
c) Synfig Studio
d) Autodesk Maya
e) Tupi Tube Desk
Answer:
a) OpenToonz, c) Synfig Studio

Question 24.
Which are examples of 3D animation software?
a) Blender
b) Adobe Dimension
c) OpenToonz
d) Autodesk Maya
e) Synfig Studio
Answer:
a) Blender, d) Autodesk Maya

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

Question 25.
Which steps are part of preparing an animated film?
a) Creating a theme
b) Writing a story
c) Making a storyboard
d) Designing characters
e) Only recording audio
Answer:
A, B, C, D (but since we need 2: A, C as key ones)

Question 26.
OpenToonz was developed by which organization and country?
a) Studio Ghibli, Japan
b) Digital Video S.p.A., Italy
c) Adobe Inc., USA
d) Pixar, USA
e) Toonz India Ltd.
Answer:
B, A (used by Studio Ghibli and developed by Digital Video S.p.A.)

Question 27.
Which of the following statements about Luna animation story are correct?
a) It features a puppy named Luna.
b) Luna helps a withered plant.
c) It has no background images.
d) The animation involves water movement.
e) It has no sound or music.
Answer:
a) It features a puppy named Luna, b) Luna helps a withered plant.

Question 28.
Which rooms are available in OpenToonz?
a) Animation Room
b) Drawing Room
c) Rendering Room
d) Browser Room
e) Scripting Room
Answer:
a) Animation Room, b) Drawing Room

Question 29.
Which are functions of an Xsheet in OpenToonz?
a) Organize frames
b) Arrange sound
c) Add layers/columns
d) Export video
e) Draw characters
Answer:
a) Organize frames, c) Add layers/columns

Question 30.
What are the uses of Tweening in animation?
a) To fill frames automatically between keyframes
b) To draw backgrounds
c) To smooth movement
d) To colour drawings
e) To export scenes
Answer:
a) To fill frames automatically between keyframes, c) To smooth movement

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

Question 31.
Which tools are used for drawing in OpenToonz?
a) Brush Tool
b) Fill Tool
c) Selection Tool
d) Animate Tool
e) Frame Tool
Answer:
a) Brush Tool, b) Fill Tool

Question 32.
Which elements can be changed in Keyframe – based animation?
a) Position
b) Scale
c) Rotation
d) Colour
e) Center
Answer:
A, C (and B, E also apply – but main two: A, C)

Question 33.
Which options are required while creating a new scene in OpenToonz?
a) Scene Name
b) Camera Size
c) Frame Rate
d) Sound Volume
e) Units
Answer:
a) Scene Name, c) Frame Rate

Question 34.
Which actions are done when adding a background image in OpenToonz?
a) Select first frame of first column
b) Go to Browser Room
c) Use Load option
d) Use Animate Tool
e) Click Repeat Button
Answer:
a) Select first frame of first column, c) Use Load option

Question 35.
Which of the following describe Vector Level in OpenToonz?
a) Used for drawing vector images
b) Selected through “New Level”
c) Saved as raster image
d) Named in the “Name” field
e) Has .mp4 extension
Answer:
a) Used for drawing vector images, b) Selected through “New Level”

Question 36.
Which are valid file formats related to OpenToonz?
a) .tnz
b) .mp4
c) .jpg
d) .pdf
e) .otz
Answer:
a) .tnz, b) .mp4

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

Question 37.
Which tools are used to colour drawings in OpenToonz?
a) Fill Tool
b) Eraser Tool
c) Style Editor
d) Motion Tool
e) Paint Bucket Tool
Answer:
a) Fill Tool, c) Style Editor

Question 38.
Which software can be used to combine scenes into one animated movie?
a) Kdenlive
b) Krita
c) GIMP
d) Adobe Photoshop
e) Inkscape
Answer:
A, C (though A is main; Krita can also assist with drawing)

Question 39.
Which options are available to repeat frames in OpenToonz?
a) Click and drag to repeat selected cells
b) Use Repeat button
c) Use Animate tool
d) Copy and Paste
e) Transform tool
Answer:
a) Click and drag to repeat selected cells, b) Use Repeat button

Question 40.
In which fields is animation widely used today?
a) Education
b) Gaming
c) Health care
d) Construction
e) Film
Answer:
a) Education, b) Gaming

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Notes

Class 10 IT Chapter 8 Let’s Give Life to Pictures Notes

Persistence of Vision:
An image stays on the retina for about one-sixteenth of a second. If another image appears quickly, our eyes see it as a continuation, creating the illusion of motion.

Animation
The process of adding motion to a series of still images to provide the impression of constant movement to the viewer is called animation.

Different Types of Animation
1. 2D Animation
It is a method of creating animation based on 2D images.
2D Animated films: Walt Disney’s The Jungle Book, Mambi, Cinderella, etc.
2D Animation Softwares: Open Toonz, Tupi Tube Desk, Synfig Studio, Adobe Animate, etc.

2. 3D Animations
It is created by preparing 3D shapes of the characters and backgrounds.
3D Animated films: Big Bunny shrek, Wall-E
3D Animation Softwares: Blender, Autodesk Maya, Adobe Dimension

Storyboard
A storyboard is a detailed preparation of each scene in advance.

OpenToonz
OpenToonz is a free animation software based on “Toonz” software. It provides tools for drawing, animation, and sound.

1. Steps To Create a Project in OpenToonz

  • Open OpenToonz.
  • Click New Project in the Startup window.
  • Enter a project name (e.g., Luna) and click OK.
  • Click Create a New Scene.
  • Enter the scene name and video settings.

Video Settings in OpenToonz:
When creating an animation, the video file’s quality and frame rate must be set in advance. These settings are entered in the OpenToonz Startup window under the video profile.

Scene Name: Scene 1
Camera Size: HD720, 1280×720, 16/9
Units: Pixel
Frame Rate: 12

Frame Rate:
A frame is a still image. Frame rate (FPS) is the number of frames shown per second, controlling how smooth the animation appears. It can be set as needed for each animation.

2. Steps to Create the First Scene in OpenToonz

  • Enter settings for the first scene and click Create Scene.
  • Open the OpenToonz window and adjust the view with the mouse scroll wheel.
  • Open the Animation Room.
  • Prepare the background: use simple drawings in OpenToonz or premade images.
  • For Scene 1, set bg.png from the Animation/Scene 1 folder as the background.

Xsheet:
An Xsheet in OpenToonz organizes animation like a timeline. Columns act as tracks, and frames are arranged as cells within these columns.

Rooms in OpenToonz:
OpenToonz has different rooms (workspaces) for specific tasks:

  • Drawing Room: Draw, color, and edit images.
  • Animation Room: Animate position, rotation, and, size of objects.
  • Other rooms can be explored for additional functions.

3. To Include Image in OpenToonz

  • Open the Animation Room.
  • Click the first frame of the first column in the Xsheet.
  • Open Browser Workspace from the menu bar.
  • Browse to the folder containing the images.
  • Select the image, right-click, and choose Load.
  • Click Load in the dialog box to add the image.

4. To Include Background in All Frames

  • Return to the Animation Room.
  • The image is currently in the first frame only.
  • For a 5-second animation at 12 FPS, total frames = 5 × 12 = 60 frames.
  • Use Click and Drag on the first frame to repeat the image across the remaining frames.
  • Click File → Save All to save your work.

5. To Include Images in Other Frames

  • C1 ick the first frame in Col 1.
  • Click the small button below Click and drag to repeat selected cells.
  • Drag to extend the image to the required frames.
  • Or, use the Repeat option to do the same.

Repeat Button:
The Repeat button can also be used to include the contents of a cell in other frames.
Select the image → Click the Repeat button’! Enter the number of frames → click Repeat to apply.

6. To Create Vector level

  • Select the Animation Room.
  • Select the first frame in the desired column (e.g., Col2).
  • Right-click and select New Level.
  • Enter a name (e.g., Cloud).
  • In Type, select Toonz Vector Level.
  • Click OK — the new vector level appears in the selected frame.

7. To draw images in OpenToonz

  • Select Drawing Room.
  • Select the Brush Tool to draw the image (e.g., a cloud).
  • Choose a colour from the Style Editor.
  • Use the Eraser Tool to erase parts of the drawing.
  • Click inside the shape with the Fill Tool to add colour.
  • To create a new colour, click New Style and select the desired shade.
  • Use the Selection Tool to resize or adjust the drawing.

Key Frames
Key frames are important frames that define an object’s main positions in an animation.
In OpenToonz, tweening is created using these key frames to predict movement based on Position, Scale, Rotation, Shear, and Center of objects. Key Frames.

SSLC IT Chapter 8 Theory Questions Notes Let’s Give Life to Pictures

8. To Prepare Animation in OpenToonz

  • Click the first frame in the column (e.g., Co12) with the cloud drawing.
  • Select the Animate Tool from the Toolbox.
  • Choose Position from the animation options (for Position Tweening).
  • In the first frame, place the cloud where the movement begins — this becomes the first keyframe.
  • Go to the 60th frame and move the cloud to the end position — this becomes the second keyframe.
  • The cloud animation is now ready.

To Include Background Music

  • Locate bg_music_1.mp3 in the Animation/ Scene 1 folder.
  • Add it to a new column (Co14) in OpenToonz.
  • Use the same method as adding an image to include the sound.
  • The sound will play across frames based on its duration — repeat if needed.

To Make a Video

  • After adding music, save the project in OpenToonz.
  • To view it outside the software, export (render) the animation.
  • Go to Render → Output Settings and choose MP4 format. .
  • Save the video in your folder – on any device.

9. To Render Video in OpenToonz

  • From the Menu Bar click Render → Fast Render to MP4.
  • The video will be saved as MP4 after rendering.

10. To Insert the Image Sequence into Frames

  • Click the first frame with the starting image.
  • Hold Shift and click the last frame in the sequence.
  • Use Click and drag to repeat selected cells to fill all frames.
  • Click the Play button to view the animation.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium

Practicing Chemistry Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium helps identify strengths and weaknesses in a subject.

Class 10 Chemistry Kerala Syllabus Model Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium

സമയം: 1½ മണിക്കൂർ
സ്കോർ : 40

നിർദ്ദേശങ്ങൾ

  • ആദ്യത്തെ 15 മിനിട്ട് സമാശ്വാസ സമയമാണ്. ഈ സമയത്ത് ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ നന്നായി വായിച്ചു മനസ്സി ലാക്കണം.
  • നിർദ്ദേശങ്ങൾക്കനുസരിച്ച് ഉത്തരം എഴുതുക.
  • ചോദ്യത്തിന്റെ സ്കോർ പരിഗണിച്ച് ഉത്തരമെഴുതുക.
  • ചോയ്സ് ഉള്ള ചോദ്യങ്ങൾക്ക് ഏതെങ്കിലും ഒന്നിന് ഉത്തരം എഴുതിയാൽ മതി.

1 മുതൽ 4 വരെ എല്ലാ ചോദ്യങ്ങൾക്കും ഉത്തരമെഴുതുക. 1 സ്കോർ വീതം. (4 × 1 = 4)

Question 1.
ബ്യൂട്ടനോളിൽ അടങ്ങിയിരിക്കുന്ന ഫങ്ഷണൽ ഗ്രൂപ്പ് ഏതാണ്?
(ഹൈഡ്രോക്സിൽ, ആൽക്കോക്സി, കീറ്റോ, ആൽഡിഹൈഡ്)
Answer:
ഹൈഡ്രോക്സിൽ ഗ്രൂപ്പ്

Question 2.
ചേരുംപടി ചേർക്കുക.

സമവാക്യം നിയമം
(a) P α 1/V (i) അവൊഗാഡ്രോ നിയമം
(b) V α T (ii) ചാൾസ് നിയമം
(c) V α n (iii) ബോയിൽ നിയമം

താഴെ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്നവയിൽ നിന്ന് ശരിയായ ഉത്തരം തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കുക.

(a) (b) (c)
A. (ii) (i) (iii)
B. (i) (ii) (iii)
C. (iii) (i) (ii)
D. (ii) (iii) (i)

Answer:
D. (a)-(ii), (b) – (iii), (c) – (i)

Question 3.
താഴെ പറയുന്നവയിൽ ഏത് ഉഭയദിശാ പ്രവർത്ത നത്തിലാണ് മർദത്തിലെ മാറ്റം സംതുലനാവ സ്ഥയെ ബാധിക്കാത്തത്?
i. N2(g) + 2H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)
ii. N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO(g)
iii. 2NO(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g)
Answer:
ii. N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO(g)

Question 4.
പ്രസ്താവന 1: രാസോർജ്ജത്തെ വൈദ്യുതോർജ്ജ മാക്കി മാറ്റുന്ന സംവിധാനങ്ങളാണ് ഗാൽവനിക് സെല്ലുകൾ.
പ്രസ്താവന 2: ഒരു ഗാൽവനിക് സെല്ലിന് പ്രവർത്തിക്കാൻ ഒരു ബാഹ്യ ഊർജസ്രോതസ്സ് ആവശ്യമാണ്.
ഈ പ്രസ്താവനകളെ സംബന്ധിച്ച് ചുവടെ നൽകി യിരിക്കുന്നവയിൽ ശരിയായത് ഏത്?
A. പ്രസ്താവന 1 ഉം 2 ഉം ശരിയാണ്.
B. പ്രസ്താവന 1 ശരിയാണ്, എന്നാൽ 2 ശരിയല്ല.
C. പ്രസ്താവന 1 ശരിയല്ല, എന്നാൽ 2 ശരിയാണ്.
D. പ്രസ്താവന 1 ഉം 2 ഉം ശരിയല്ല.
Answer:
B. പ്രസ്താവന 1 ശരിയാണ്, എന്നാൽ 2 ശരി യല്ല.

5 മുതൽ 11 വരെ ചോദ്യങ്ങളിൽ രണ്ടെണ്ണത്തിന് ചോയ്സ് ഉണ്ട്. 2 സ്കോർ വീതം. (7 x 2 = 14)

Question 5.
തന്നിരിക്കുന്ന സംയുക്തങ്ങളെ ആൽക്കെയ്ൻ, ആൽക്കീൻ, ആൽക്കൈൻ എന്ന് തരംതിരിക്കുക.
C2H4, CH5, CH12, C7H12
Answer:
ആൽക്കെയ്ൻ – C5H12, C3H8
ആൽക്കീൻ – C2H4
ആൽക്കൈൻ – C7H12

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium

Question 6.
a) തന്നിരിക്കുന്ന പ്രവർത്തനത്തിൽ നിന്ന് ഓക്സീ കരണ പ്രവർത്തനം തെരഞ്ഞെടുക്കുക.
(i) Cu2+ + 2e → Cu
(ii) Zn → Zn2+ + 2e ̄
Answer:
Zn→ Zn2+ + 2e ̄

b) ഒരു ലോഹത്തിന് ഓക്സീകരണം സംഭവിക്കു മ്പോൾ അതിന്റെ ഓക്സിഡേഷൻ നമ്പറിന് എന്തു സംഭവിക്കുന്നു?
Answer:
കൂടുന്നു

Question 7.
a) സൂക്ഷ്മകണികകളുടെ മാസ് കൃത്യമായി പ്രസ്താവിക്കുന്നതിന് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്ന രീതി ഏത്?
Answer:
ആപേക്ഷിക മാസ്

b) ഈ രീതി എന്താണെന്ന് വിശദമാക്കുക.
Answer:
ഒരു ആറ്റത്തിന്റെ മാസ് മറ്റൊരു ആറ്റത്തിന്റെ മാസുമായി താരതമ്യം ചെയ്ത് അതിന്റെ എത്ര മടങ്ങാണ് എന്ന് പ്രസ്താവിക്കുന്ന രീതിയാണ് ആപേക്ഷിക മാസ്.

Question 8.
A) a) അമോണിയം ക്ലോറൈഡ് ശക്തമായി ചൂടാക്കുമ്പോൾ ലഭിക്കുന്ന സംയുക്ത ങ്ങൾ ഏവ?
Answer:
അമോണിയയും (NH) ഹൈഡ്രജൻ ക്ലോറൈഡും (HCl)

b) ഈ രാസപ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ സമവാക്യം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl

OR

B) ഒരു വാച്ച് ഗ്ലാസ്സിലെടുത്ത നീല നിറമുള്ള കോപ്പർ സൾഫേറ്റ് ക്രിസ്റ്റലുകളിലേക്ക് ഏതാനും തുള്ളി ഗാഢ സൾഫ്യൂരിക് ആസിഡ് ചേർക്കുന്നു.
a) നിരീക്ഷണം രേഖപ്പെടുത്തുക.
Answer:
കോപ്പർ സൾഫേറ്റിന്റെ നീലനിറം അപ ത്യക്ഷമാകുന്നു. (കോപ്പർ സൾഫേറ്റ് വെള്ള നിറമാകുന്നു.)

b) സൾഫ്യൂരിക് ആസിഡിന്റെ ഏത് ഗുണ മാണ് ഇവിടെ പ്രകടമാകുന്നത്?
Answer:
നിർജ്ജലീകരണ ഗുണം

Question 9.
നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന ഓർഗാനിക് സംയുക്തങ്ങൾ വിശ കലനം ചെയ്ത് ചോദ്യങ്ങൾക്ക് ഉത്തരം എഴുതുക.
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 1
ഐസോമർ ജോഡി കണ്ടെത്തുക. ഇവ ഏത് തരം ഐസോമർ എന്നെഴുതുക.
Answer:
ii & iii
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 2
(പൊസിഷൻ ഐസോമെറിസം)

Question 10.
സാന്ദ്രീകരിച്ച് അയിരിനെ ഓക്സൈഡ് ആക്കുന്ന തിന് രണ്ട് രീതികൾ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.
a) കാൽസിനേഷൻ
b) റോസ്റ്റിങ്
ഇവ തമ്മിലുള്ള വ്യത്യാസം എന്ത്?
Answer:
a) ഉരുകൽ നിലയേക്കാൾ താഴ്ന്ന താപനിലയിൽ അയിരിനെ വായുവിന്റെ അസാന്നിദ്ധ്യത്തിൽ ചൂടാക്കുന്നു.
b) ഉരുകൽ നിലയേക്കാൾ താഴ്ന്ന താപനിലയിൽ അയിരിനെ വായുവിന്റെ സാന്നിദ്ധ്യത്തിൽ ചൂടാക്കുന്നു.

Question 11.
A) a) ഒരു ഇരുമ്പു വളയിൽ കോപ്പർ പൂശുന്ന വൈദ്യുതവിശ്ലേഷണം പ്രവർത്തനത്തിൽ ഇരുമ്പ് വള ബാറ്ററിയുടെ ഏത് ടെർമിന ലുമായി ബന്ധിക്കുന്നു?
b) ഉരുകിയ സോഡിയം ക്ലോറൈഡിനെ (NaCl) വൈദ്യുത വിശ്ലേഷണം ചെയ്യു മ്പോൾ കാഥോഡിൽ നിക്ഷേപിക്കപ്പെ ടുന്ന ലോഹമേത്?
Answer:
a) കോപ്പർ സൾഫേറ്റ് (CuSO) ലായനിയിൽ
b) ചെമ്പ് (കോപ്പർ)

OR

B) ചിത്രം നിരീക്ഷിക്കുക.
മൂന്ന് ബീക്കറുകളിൽ എടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന ലവണ ലായനികളിൽ ലോഹദണ്ഡുകൾ മുക്കിവച്ചി രിക്കുന്നു.
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 3
a) ഇവയിൽ ഏത് ബീക്കറിലാണ് ആദേശ രാസപ വർത്തനം നടക്കുന്നത്? കാരണം എഴുതുക.
b) ഈ ബീക്കറിൽ നടക്കുന്ന ഓക്സീകരണ പ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ രാസസമവാക്യം എഴുതുക. (സൂചന: ക്രിയാശീല ക്രമം Zn > Cu > Ag)
Answer:
a) ബീക്കർ A യിൽ. ക്രിയാശീലം കൂടിയ Zn, CuSO4, ലായനിയിൽ നിന്ന് കോപ്പറിനെ ആദേശം ചെയ്യുന്നു.
b) Zn → Zn2+ + 2e ̄

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium

12 മുതൽ 17 വരെ ചോദ്യങ്ങളിൽ രണ്ടെണ്ണത്തിന് ചോയ്സ് ഉണ്ട്. 3 സ്കോർ വീതം. (6 x 3 = 18)

Question 12.
ചുവടെ നൽകിയിട്ടുള്ള ചിത്രം നിരീക്ഷിക്കുക.
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 4
a) ഏത് ബീക്കറിലാണ് രാസപ്രവർത്തനം നടക്കു ന്നത്?
Answer:
ബീക്കർ A യിൽ
ക്രിയാശീലം കൂടിയ സിങ്ക് (Zn), CuSO4, ലായ നിയിൽ നിന്നും കോപ്പറിനെ (Cu) ആദേശം ചെയ്യുന്നു.

b) രാസപ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ സമവാക്യം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu

c) ബീക്കറുകളിൽ നൽകിയിട്ടുളള സാമഗ്രികൾ ഉപയോഗിച്ച് എങ്ങിനെ ഒരു ഗാൽവനിക് സെൽ നിർമ്മിക്കും? ഗാൽവനിക് സെല്ലിന്റെ ചിത്രം വരച്ച് വിശദീകരിക്കുക.
Answer:
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 5

Question 13.
A) ആൽക്കഹോളുകളും ഓർഗാനിക് ആസിഡു കളും തമ്മിൽ പ്രവർത്തിപ്പിക്കുമ്പോൾ ജലവും ലവണവും ലഭിക്കും.
a) ഇത്തരം ലവണങ്ങൾക്ക് പറയുന്ന പേരെന്ത്?
b) ഈ ലവണങ്ങളുടെ ഒരു പ്രത്യേകത എഴുതുക.
c) ഇവയുടെ ഒരു ഉപയോഗം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
a) എസ്റ്റർ
b) എസ്റ്ററുകൾക്ക് പഴങ്ങളുടേയും പൂക്കളു ടെയും സുഗന്ധമുണ്ടായിരിക്കും.
c) കൃത്രിമ പഴച്ചാറുകളും സുഗന്ധദ്രവ്യ ങ്ങളും നിർമ്മിക്കാൻ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.

OR

B) (X) CH + 2O2 →……..+ 2H2O + താപം
(Y) nCF2 = CF2 → [CF2 – CF2]n
a) X എന്ന രാസസമവാക്യം പൂർത്തിയാക്കുക.
b) Y എന്ന പ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ പേര് നൽകുക.
c) ടെഫ്ളോണിന്റെ ഏതെങ്കിലും ഒരു ഉപയോഗം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
a) CH4 +201⁄2 → CO2 +2H2O + താപം
b) പോളിമെറൈസേഷൻ
c) നോൺസ്റ്റിക് പാത്രങ്ങളുടെ ഉൾഭാഗത്ത് പൂശാൻ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.

Question 14.
സംതുലനാവസ്ഥ യിലുള്ള ഒരു ഉഭയ ദിശാ പ്രവർത്തനം നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്നു.
2NO(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g) + താപം
a) പുരോപ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ സമവാക്യം എഴു
b) താഴെ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന മാറ്റങ്ങൾ പുരോപ വർത്തന വേഗതയെ എങ്ങനെ സ്വാധീനി ക്കുന്നു?
i) കൂടുതൽ (0) ചേർക്കുന്നു.
ii) മർദ്ദം വർധിപ്പിക്കുന്നു.
c) സംതുലനാവസ്ഥയിലുള്ള ഒരു ഉഭയദിശാപ വർത്തനത്തിൽ ഉൽപ്രേരകത്തിന്റെ സ്വാധീന മെന്ത്?
Answer:
a) 2NO(g) + O(g) → 2NO(g) + താപം
b) (i) പുരോപ്രവർത്തന വേഗത വർധിക്കുന്നു.
(ii) പുരോപ്രവർത്തന വേഗത വർധിക്കുന്നു.
c) ഉൽപ്രേരകം പുരോപ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെയും പശ്ചാത്പ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെയും വേഗത ഒരു പോലെ ത്വരിതപ്പെടുത്തുന്നു. അതിനാൽ വ്യൂഹം വേഗത്തിൽ സംതുലനാവസ്ഥ പ്രാപി ക്കുന്നു.

Question 15.
(A) ചുവടെ ചേർത്തിരിക്കുന്നവയുമായി ബന്ധ പ്പെട്ട് അനുയോജ്യമായ ലോഹശുദ്ധീകരണ മാർഗ്ഗ ങ്ങൾ ഏതെന്ന് എഴുതുക.
a) എളുപത്തിൽ ബാഷ്പീകരിക്കുന്ന ലോഹം
b) കുറഞ്ഞ ദ്രവണാങ്കമുള്ള ലോഹം
c) കോപ്പറിന്റെ ശുദ്ധീകരണം
Answer:
a) സ്വേദനം
b) ഉരുക്കി വേർതിരിക്കൽ
c) വൈദ്യുതവിശ്ലേഷണരീതി

OR

(B) A, B, C കോളങ്ങൾ ഉചിതമായ വിധത്തിൽ ചേർത്തെഴുതുക.
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 6
Answer:
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 7

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium

Question 16.
ഒരു കോപ്പർ തകിട് AgNO3 (സിൽവർ നൈട്രേറ്റ്) ലായനിയിൽ മുക്കി വച്ചിരിക്കുന്ന ചിത്രം നിരീക്ഷി ക്കുക. (ക്രിയാശീലം Cu>Ag)
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 8
a) ഇവിടെ നടക്കുന്നത് ഒരു റിഡോക്സ് പ്രവർത്ത നമാണ്. എന്തുകൊണ്ട്?
Answer:
ഇവിടെ ഓക്സീകരണവും നിരോക്സീകര ണവും ഒരേ സമയത്തു സംഭവിക്കുന്നതിനാൽ റിഡോക്സ് പ്രവർത്തനമാണെന്ന് പറയുന്നു.

b) കോപ്പർ തകിടിന്മേൽ എന്തു മാറ്റം നിരീ ക്ഷിക്കാം?
Answer:
കോപ്പർ തകിടിന്മേൽ സിൽവർ പറ്റിപ്പിടി ക്കുന്നു.

c) ഇവിടെ നടക്കുന്ന ഓക്സീകരണ പ്രവർത്ത നത്തിന്റെ സമവാക്യം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
Cu → Cu22+ + 2e

Question 17.
a) സൾഫ്യൂരിക് ആസിഡിന്റെ വ്യാവസായിക നിർമ്മാണം ഏത് പേരിൽ അറിയപ്പെടുന്നു?
b) ഈ പ്രവർത്തനത്തിലെ ഉൽപ്രേരകം ഏത്?
c) ഒരു വാച്ച് ഗ്ലാസിൽ അൽപ്പം പഞ്ചസാരയെ ടുത്ത് അതിലെ ഏതാനും തുള്ളി ഗാഢ സൾഫ്യൂരിക് ആസിഡ് ചേർക്കുമ്പോൾ പഞ്ച സാര കരിയായി മാറുന്നത് കാണാം. സൾഫ്യൂ രിക് ആസിഡിന്റെ ഏത് ഗുണമാണ് ഇവിടെ പ്രകടമാകുന്നത്?
Answer:
a) സമ്പർക്ക പ്രക്രിയ
b) വനേഡിയം പെറോക്സൈഡ്
c) നിർജലീകരണ ഗുണം

ചോദ്യം പതിനെട്ടിന് ചോയ്സ് ഉണ്ട്. 4 സ്കോർ, (1 × 4 = 4)

Question 18.
(A) പൂക്കളുടേയും പഴങ്ങളുടേയും സുഗന്ധമുള്ള സംയുക്തങ്ങളുടെ ഗ്രൂപ്പിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുന്ന ഒരു സംയുക്തത്തിന്റെ ഘടനാ വാക്യമാണ് താഴെ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്നത്.
CH3 – CH2 – COO – CH2 – CH3
a) ഇതിലെ ഫങ്ഷണൽ ഗ്രൂപ്പ് ഏതാണ്?
Answer:
-COO – R (എസ്റ്റർ)

b) ഈ പദാർഥത്തിന്റെ നിർമ്മാണത്തിന് ആവശ്യമായ അഭികാരകങ്ങൾ ഏതെല്ലാ മാണ്?
Answer:
CH -CH-COOH – പാപ്പനോയിക് ആസിഡ് & CH-CH,-OH- എഥനോൾ

c) ഇതിന്റെ IUPAC നാമം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
ഈഥൈൽ പാപ്പനോയേറ്റ്

d) പ്രവർത്തനത്തെ സൂചിപ്പിക്കുന്ന രാസസ മവാക്യം എഴുതുക.
Answer:
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 10

OR

B) താഴെ നൽകിയിരിക്കുന്ന സംയുക്തങ്ങൾ വിശ കലനം ചെയ്യുക.
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Chemistry Question Paper Set 4 Malayalam Medium 9
Answer:
a) CH3 – COO – CH
b) CH3 -COOH + CH3 – OH → CH3COOCH3 + H2O
c) ഭക്ഷണത്തിന് സ്വാദ് നൽകുന്ന ഏജന്റായി ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.
പെർഫ്യൂമുകൾ നിർമ്മിക്കാൻ ഉപയോഗി ക്കുന്നു.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1

Reviewing solved English Question Paper Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Set 1 helps in understanding answer patterns.

English Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Model Question Paper Set 1

Time: 2½ Hours
Score: 80 Marks

Instructions:

  1. 15 minutes is given as cool off time.
  2. This time is to be used for reading the question paper.
  3. You are not supposed to write anything during the cool off time.
  4. Attempt the questions according to the instructions.

Questions 1-5. Read the following extract from “Preference Nationale” by Fatou Diome and answer the questions that follow. (5 × 1 = 5)

The woman examined my degree and returned it to me. She then said, “I want a European-type person. I don’t want anyone messing up my child’s education.” She is French but she hadn’t passed her degree. She could not tutor her daughter. She refused me work because of black lips which can speak the niceties of French grammar better than hers. I stood up. Before I left I wanted to show her my anger. I told her, “Goodbye, madame. If you had what I have between my ears, you would not be working as a supermarket cashier.”

Question 1.
What is the occasion described in this passage?
Answer:
The occasion described in this passage is the narrator meeting the French woman in the cafe. The French woman wants a tutor for her 11-year old daughter and the narrator wants that job.

Question 2.
Why did the French woman say that she did not want anyone messing up her child’s education?
Answer:
When the French woman saw that the narrator was a black woman, she was not happy. She thought a black woman was not the right person to teach her child properly and that is why she said that she did not want anyone messing up her child’s education.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1

Question 3.
The French woman could not tutor her daughter because:
A. she was a French woman.
B. the daughter was only 11 years old.
C. she had no time as she was working as cashier in a supermarket.
D. she hadn’t passed her degree.
Answer:
D. she hadn’t passed her degree.

Question 4.
“If you had what I have between my ears you would not be working as a supermarket cashier.” What does the writer mean by “What I have between my ears”?
A. Her nose
B. Her eyes
C. Her brain
D. The make-up on her face
Answer:
C. Her brain

Question 5.
What does the phrase “messing up” mean?
Answer:
“Messing up” means making something untidy or dirty.

Questions 6-9. Read the following lines from “The Mirror” by Sylvia Plath and the answer the questions that follow. (4 × 1 = 4)

Now I am a lake. A woman bends over me, Searching my reaches for what she really is.
Then she turns to those liars, the candles or the moon.
I see her back, and reflect it faithfully. She rewards me with tears and an agitation of hands.
I am important to her. She comes and goes. Each morning it is her face that replaces the darkness.
In me she has drowned a young girl, and in me an old woman Rises toward her day after day, like a terrible fish.

Question 6.
“Now I am a lake.” The “I” mentioned here stand for
A. The Lake
B. Sylvia Plath
C. The mirror
D. The young girl
Answer:
C. Themirror

Question 7.
Why is the woman in tears?
A. She has seen the liars.
B. She feels she is no more young and glamorous.
C. She is very young.
D. She has seen a terrible fish.
Answer:
B. She feels she is no more young and glamorous.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1

Question 8.
Why does the woman search the reaches of the mirror?
Answer:
The woman searches the reaches of the mirror to find out what she really is, how she really looks.

Question 9.
What has happened to the young girl that used to look into the mirror each morning?
Answer:
The young girl that used to look into the mirror each morning has now become an old woman without any glamour.

Question 10.
(A) Read the following lines from the poem ‘The Wild Swans at Coole” by W.B. Yeats and prepare an appreciation focusing on the language, theme, poetic devices and message ofthepoem. (1 × 5 = 5)

I have looked upon those brilliant creatures,
And now ijiy heart is sore.
All’s changed since I, hearing at twilight,
The first time on this shore,
The bell-beat of their wings above my head,
Trod with a lighter tread.

Unwearied still, lover by lover,
They paddle in the cold
Companionable streams or climb the air;
Their hearts have not grown old;
Passion or conquest, wander where they will,
Attend upon them still.
Answer:
The poet says that he had been looking at the beautiful swans for 19 autumns. But now he feels very sad. Everything for him has changed since he saw the swans for the first time. The swans are still making noise with their wings and they seem not tired at all. But for him twilight has descended and his pace has slowed down. He is not as energetic as he was 19 years ago when he saw the swans for the first time.

The swans are still not tired at all. They are paddling in the cold friendly streams with their lovers. Or they are flying above. They have not grown old and they pursue their goals with passion or they roam about in places of their liking. They are still youthful and energetic, unlike the poet who has changed over the years.

The poem is a profoundly moving and reflective. It is a contemplative meditation on themes of time, aging, the constancy of nature, and the pain of human change. The strength of the poem lies in the contrast drawn between the aging poet and the seemingly ageless swans. The imagery of the poem is great with fine pictures of nature. We see trees in their autumn beauty, dry woodland paths, the water mirroring the still sky under the October twilight and the swans drifting on the brimming water. The imagery of the swans, drifting on still water yet capable of climbing the air, makes them mysterious, beautiful. The swans also represent eternal youth and love.

The poem has a regular rhythm and the rhyme scheme is abcbdd. “The Wild Swans at Coole” captures the universal human heartache over the relentless passage of time and the painful awareness of one’s own mortality in the face of nature’s endless cycle.

B. The human heartache over the relentless passage of time and the painful awareness of one’s own mortality in the face of nature’s endless cycle is a universal problem Many old people are unhappy because they are neglected and they feel they have become useless and unwanted. You may have old grandparents or, at least, you may have seen some. What are the problems they face and what solutions can you suggest?
Answer:
Older adults face many challenges that affect the quality of their life. Key problems include health issues like chronic diseases such as arthritis, heart disease and diabetes and cognitive decline, often compounded by the lack of adequate healthcare. Social isolation and loneliness are also prevalent due to weakened family support, loss of loved ones, and limited mobility, negatively affecting their mental health. Furthermore, financial insecurity from fixed incomes and rising medical costs, alongside the generation gap and the digital divide, can marginalize seniors.

Effective solutions to these problems can be found in certain factors. One of them is Flealth and well¬being: Promote preventive care with regular check¬ups, healthy diets, and moderate exercises. Another factor is Social Connection. Encourage community engagement through senior centres and intergenerational programmes to combat loneliness. Family and community-led initiatives are essential for support. A 3rd factor is financial security. Strengthen social security/pension schemes and offer financial literacy training to protect the senior citizens against scams.

Questions 11-14: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow: (4 × 1 = 4)

Life is often described as a marathon, not a sprint. This famous saying beautifully captures the essence of perseverance: the ability to keep going despite difficulties and setbacks. For a student, facing tough exams, managing time, and balancing hobbies can be overwhelming. Many start with enthusiasm, but the real test lies in maintaining that initial energy when the path gets steep.

Consider the example of an inventor. A light-bulb wasn’t created on the first attempt; it took thousands of failed experiments. Each failure, however, was not a defeat, but a lesson learned. The inventor’s success wasn’t due to genius alone, but to the unwavering commitment to try one more time.

In your own life, perseverance means dedicating a consistent amount of time to studies, even when a subj ect is boring or hard. It means picking yourself up after a poor test score and analysing your mistakes instead of giving up. It involves developing a growth mindset, where challenges are seen as opportunities to improve, not as fixed limits on your potential. This quality—this stubborn refusal to quit—is the single most important factor that separates the achievers from the dreamers. Cultivate it now, and it will serve you well in every area of your future life.

Question 11.
According to the passage, what is the meaning of “perseverance”?
A. The ability to finish tasks very quickly.
B. The ability to keep going despite difficulties and setbacks.
C. The talent Of managing time and balancing hobbies.
D. The capacity to start tasks with great enthusiasm
Answer:
B. The ability to keep going despite difficulties and setbacks.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1

Question 12.
The passage compares the process of life to a:
A. Sprint.
B. A Marathon.
C. Race.
D. Game.
Answer:
B. A Marathon.

Question 13.
What does the passage suggest a student should do after receiving a poor test score?
A. Immediately give up on the subj ect.
B. Blame the difficulty of the paper.
C. Analyse their mistakes instead of giving up.
D. Work harder and learn more.
i) AandD
ii) BandC
iii) BandD
iv) CandD
Answer:
iv) C and D

Question 14.
The phrase “growth mindset” implies seeing challenges as:
A. Things to be considered seriously.
B. Opportunities to improve.
C. Overwhelming obstacles.
D. Proof of a lack of talent.
i) A and D
ii) B and C
iii) A and C
iv) A and B
Answer:
iv) A and B

Questions 15-18. Answer either A or B. (1 × 7 = 7)

Question 15.
(A) The jasmine vine, the mango tree and
Shakuntala blend in a unified image. Have you seen works of art in which humans and are depicted in harmony with nature? List 3 of such works of art that you remember.
Answer:
Three works of art in which humans are depicted in harmony with nature that I remember are:
a) Kerala Mural Paintings: They are found mainly in temples. Although they may feature gods and goddesses, a key characteristic is the integration of human and divine figures with lush natural elements.

b) “Harmonious life of nature and man,” by Aiswaria A.K. beautifully depicts farmers working in a paddy field. The artist’s statement highlights how agriculture is an “unavoidable part of our culture and traditions” and that farmers are a “true sign of harmony between man and nature.”

c) Tribal Art from the Western Ghats: The art of indigenous communities in the Western Ghats is a good example of humans in harmony with nature. Their art forms are often rooted in their daily life and their intimate knowledge of the forest.

OR
(B) PelayoandEhsenda are two major characters in the story “AVery Old Man with Enormous Wings”. Give the character sketches of both Pelayo and Elisenda.
Answer:
Pelayo is a bailiff and he has a club. He is young, strong, muscular, and athletic. He is willing to work hard. He is practical minded and responsible. He is courageous. He drags out in the old man from the mud and locks him up in the chicken coop. He is magnanimous and that is why he tries to send the old man away in a raft giving him water and necessary provisions. Pelayo represents ordinary people. He is practical minded, When the old man returns, he fences around the courtyard and allows visitors only on payment of 5 cents. He becomes rich and builds a two-storey mansion.

Elisenda is the wife of Pelayo and she has a baby. She is, young, strong and capable of hard work. She is a loving mother and she has strong maternal instincts. At the start of the story we see her putting compresses on her sick baby. She is shrewd and intelligent. She helps her husband in all the things he does. She is a good homemaker.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1

Question 16.
(A) “In the Attic” highlights the human experience of displacement and survival in time of war and persecution. “World Refugee Day” is an international day organised every year on 20 June by the United Nations. It is designed to celebrate and honour refugees from around the world. Write an article on the problems faced by refugees. (1 x 6 = 6)
Answer:
Refugees are people who are forced to leave their countries because of their fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion. At the end of June 2024, there were nearly 123 million refugees worldwide as they were forcibly displaced from their homes due to persecution, conflict, violence, human rights violations and events seriously disturbing public order.

There are many problem faced by refugees. The most important problem is making a living. Refugees can’t find work easily in the places they go to and they suffer poverty. Another problem is finding adequate and affordable housing. People are not willing to give their houses on rent to refugees. Athird problem is staying safe and healthy. Very often refugees live in crowded and unhygienic places with serious threats to their health. The health problem is not limited to their bodies but also to their minds. They suffer from mental trauma.

Then there are language and cultural barriers. The lands to which they go may have different languages and cultural practices and the refugees feel like fish out of water. Another big problem is that of educating the children. The pain of leaving behind your home and all those whom you loved is something that torments all refugees. In short the life of a refugee is really terrible.

The refugee crises in Syria, Ukraine, Afghanistan, South Sudan, and Sudan are currently among the world’s largest and most severe, with millions displaced and facing very pathetic conditions.

OR
(B) India had and still it has major Refugee problems. Discuss the causes, the events, and the challenges of the major Refugee Problems India faced. Use the hints given below: (Hints: Partition of 1947 – regional conflicts like Bangladesh Liberation War 1971 – Sri Lankan Civil War (1983-2009) – the persecution of Rohingya in Myanmar – the ethnic and political persecution of Tibetan Buddhists. Afghan Sikhs and Hindu after the Taliban take over in 2021 – social and economic strain – security – lack of legal framework – uncertainty for refugees)
Answer:
16. migration: The Partition of India in 1947 created one of the largest refugee crises in history, with millions of people migrating between India and Pakistan. Then there are regional conflicts. India has been a destination for refugees fleeing conflicts in nearby countries, like Bangladesh during the Liberation War of 1971, Sri Lanka, during the Civil War between 1983-2009, and Myanmar because of the persecution of the Rohingyas there.

Ethnic and political persecution is another reason. Influxes have also been caused by the persecution of specific communities, such as Tibetan Buddhists fleeing Chinese occupation in 1959 and Afghan Sikhs and Hindus after the Taliban takeover in 2021.

Refugee problems pose big challenges for India. There is the Social and economic strain. Large numbers of refugees can lead to social tensions and identity crises for local populations, particularly in border regions. They also place financial burdens on the country. Then there are security concerns.

India’s porous borders make it difficult to differentiate between refugees and other migrants, raising security concerns and complicating efforts to manage unauthorized entry. Another thing is that India has no specific national law for refugees, leading to an ad hoc and often political approach to the issue. There is the difficulty in managing migration. Once a refugee arrives, particularly through a porous border, it becomes challenging to track and identify them for deportation, as they often blend into the general population. Then there are the problems faced by the refugees. They often face uncertainty, insecurity, and exploitation, lacking access to basic amenities like housing, employment, and legal protection.

Question 17.
(A) Appearances can be deceptive. What wase Mr. Student’s first attitude about Teresa and how did that change? (1 x 6 = 6)
Answer:
Mr. Student’s attitude towards Teresa in the beginning was quite negative. He says that she is tall and strong, with bushy dark brown hair and a large coarse face. She has dark eyes. She speaks with a bass voice, which is the lowest adult male singing voice. He disliked her so much that he never left his door open if he knew that Teresa was in her apartment. But in due course his impressions about Teresa change drastically.

Once she said to Mr. Student that she was also a human creature that needed love and affection. When the narrator comes into closer contact with Teresa he understands her pain and her emotional needs and he becomes empathetic and is ready to help her. He agrees to write the letter to the imaginary Boles and the reply from Boles to her. These letters give Teresa some j oy thinking that there is someone out there that loves and cares for her. All human beings need this kind of love and support. Loneliness makes people unhappy and desperate and it kills the joy of life. Teresa reciprocates the help given by Mr Student by mending his socks, shorts and other articles of clothing. Appearances are certainly deceptive!

OR
(B) Ms Deepa is your English teacher. You had a negative initial impression about her as you thought she was stem and unapproachable. But soon you realised your first impressions were wrong and she is a very efficient and compassionate teacher. Write how the change happened in your thinking.
Answer:
My initial impression of Ms. Deepa, my new English teacher, was entirely negative. On the first day, she seemed stem and unapproachable, with a rigid posture and an almost military-like precision in her speech. Her classroom rules were strict, and her assignments, particularly the complicated grammar exercises, felt pedantic and overwhelming. I found her correction of my creative writing to be overly critical, stifling any enthusiasm I had for the subject. I felt that Deepa teacher simply didn’t understand students and lacked the warmth necessary for a good teacher.

However, in due course, my impressions began to change. The turning point came during a class discussion on “Macbeth” When I cautiously shared a unique interpretation of Macbeth’s character, expecting a dismissal, she instead paused, listened intently, and asked insightful follow-up questions that encouraged me to elaborate. I realized her strictness wasn’t a lack of warmth, but a deep commitment to academic rigour and helping us reach our potential.

Her precise feedback, which I had initially resented, started to make sense as my writing genuinely improved. She pushed me to be a clearer, more intentional writer. I discovered that behind the stem exterior was a passionate educator who truly cared about her students’ intellectual growth. By the end of the semester, my initial negative impression had completely transformed into profound respect and gratitude for her dedication.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1

Question 18.
(A) In “Preference Nationale” we see how the narrator is insulted by the bakery owner and also the French woman who was looking for a tutor for her 11 -year old child. The bakery owner and the French woman are racists. How does racism affect the people who are discriminated on the basis of race?(1 x 4 = 4)
Answer:
In “Preference Nationale” we see how the narrator is struggling to find work. Although she has high qualifications, she becomes ready to work as a salesgirl in a bakery. But the owner of the bakery is not ready to employ her just because she is a black woman. So he asks her to speak French with the Alsatian accent. When she says she can’t do that he insults her asking her why she can’t go back to her own country and work there.

When she tries to get the job of a tutor of the 11- year old girl of the cashier in supermarket, the cashier tells her that she wants a European type of person to tutor her child and she doesn’t want anyone messing up her child’s education. The only reason for her rejection by the French woman is that the narrator is a black Senegalese woman although she has high qualifications in French. Both the owner of the bakery and French woman are racists who have no respect for people from Asia and Africa whose skin colour can be brown, black or yellow. They think the whites are a superior race and all other races are inferior to it. Racism affects people adversely. It is against humanity.

OR
(B) In “Preference Nationale”, we see the narrator going to the cafe to meet the French woman and ordering a ‘mocktail’. Mocktail is a portmanteau word which means a word which is made by combining the meanings of two other words. An example of another portmanteau word is ‘brunch’ which combines “breakfast and lunch”. What are the two words that make the following portmanteau words?
a) mocktail
b) blog
c) motel
c) smog
Answer:
a) mocktail = mock + cocktail
b) blog = web + log
c) motel = motor + hotel
d) smog = smoke + fog

Question 19.
So far only one Indian has received the Nobel Prize for Literature. That was Rabindranath Tagore for his “Gitanjali” in 1913. From the hints given below, prepare his biographical sketch. (1 ×6 = 6)
(Hints: poet, philosopher, and artist – bom 1861 in Kolkata – key figure in the Bengal Renaissance -the national anthems for India and Bangladesh – experimental university in Shantiniketan Visva- Bharati University – political activism – renounced his knighthood – youngest of 13 children – wrote poetry at age 8 – died in 1941)
Answer:
Rabindranath Tagore was a renowned poet, philosopher, and artist from Bengal. He is celebrated for his profound impact on Bengali literature and music, his role as a key figure in the Bengal Renaissance, and for becoming the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for his collection of poems, Gitanjali. He also wrote the national anthems for India and Bangladesh, founded Visva-Bharati University, and renounced his knighthood in protest of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

He was bom in Kolkata in 1861 into a wealthy Bengali family as was the youngest of thirteen children. He disliked formal schooling but was a prodigious writer from a young age, writing poetry at age eight. Although he briefly studied law in England, he returned to India without a degree, to focus on his writing.

Question 20.
What is the purpose of Education, according to Muruganantham? What ideas of his have impressed you the most? (1 × 4 = 4)
Answer:
The purpose of education, according to Muruganantham is to empower us. It should make us self-reliant, confident and hard working. We must bear in mind that we do not need to beg for a job after education. Try to find solutions to social problems and create jobs for yourselves and others. Your need education and knowledge to identify the problems. Convert every problem into an opportunity. Come out with a solution, an invention, an innovation, and enterprise. Become solution providers and social entrepreneurs. Lakhs of Indians, especially Keralites, go abroad to the Gulf, to America, Canada, Newzealand and other countries looking for jobs.

Thus there is great brain drain in India. Instead of utilizing their talents for the development of their own nation, they work for other countries just because they get better paid there. Muruganantham says that educated people must become entrepreneurs and not job seekers. They should be job-givers! Muruganantham, known as the Padman of India, through his entrepreneurship did a great service not only to the womenfolk of India but the entire Nation. I am really impressed by his exhortation to the educated youths not to be job-seekers but job providers.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1

Question 21.
Read the passage below and frame four appropriate questions based on it. (1 × 4 = 4)
My father was a weaver. I was familiar with cotton. All my initial experiments failed miserably. The topic was taboo in our village. My interest in the subject led to my isolation in the community and even in my family. But I did not give up. I tried to find out what type of cotton the popular brands were using. It took me two years of trial and error to find out it was pinewood pulp and not cotton. The suppliers sent me some samples. I spent several days wondering how to make cellulose out of it. One day my pet dog accidentally scratched the sample card and I saw the soft cottony material. This gave me the idea of defibration.
Answer:
a) How did the narrator become familiar with cotton?
b) What topic was taboo in his village?
c) What was the reason behind the narrator’s isolation in the community and family?
d) “This gave me the idea of defibration.” What is represented by.the word ‘This’?

Questions 22-26: Study the advertisement below and answer the questions that follow: (5 × 1 = 5)

Advertisement

WANTED: PROOFREADERS

“The Daily Chronicle”, a leading English Daily invites applications for the position of Proofreaders to join our dynamic editorial team.

Qualification: Bachelor’s degree in English, Journalism, orMass Communication.

Essential Skills:
i) Good knowledge of English grammar, syntax, spelling, and punctuation.
ii) Sharp eye for detail and consistency.
iii) Ability to meet tight deadlines under pressure.
iv) Proficiency in digital proofing tools and MS Office.

Age Limit: Candidates must be below 30 years of age as of the last date of application. Relaxation for experienced candidates will be considered.

Future Prospects: Excellent opportunity for career growth into Copy Editor and Senior Editorial roles.

Last Date to Apply: 30 November 2025

How to Apply: Send your detailed resume, cover letter, and a recent passport-size photograph to:
The Human Resources Department,
The Daily Chronicle,
Kochi – 682005

Only Shortlisted candidates will be contacted for further assessment.

Answer:
a) How did the narrator become familiar with cotton?
b) What topic was taboo in his village?
c) What was the reason behind the narrator’s isolation in the community and family?
d) “This gave me the idea ofdefibration.” What is represented by the word This’?

Question 22.
What is the position offered by The Daily Chronicle?
Answer:
The position offered by The Daily Chronicle is that of Proof Readers.

Question 23.
Which of the following is not arequirement for the job?
A. A Bachelor’s degree
B. Good knowledge of English language
C. Drivingskills
D. Computer skills
Answer:
C. Driving skills

Question 24.
For whom will there be relaxation of the age limit?
Answer:
There will be relaxation of the age limit for experienced candidates.

Question 25.
Where should the application be sent to?
A. The General Manager
B. The Human Resource Department, The Daily Chronicle, Kochi – 682005
C. The Editor-in-Chief
D. The Personnel Manager
Answer:
B. The Human Resource Department. The Daily Chronicle, Kochi -682005

Question 26.
Who will be contacted for further assessment?
A. All candidates.
B. Candidates who reside in Kochi
C. Candidates who have relatives in the Board Members of the Paper.
D. Short listed candidates.
Answer:
D. Short listed candidates.

Question 27.
Edit the passage. The errors are in bold. (6 × 1/2 = 3)
The charioter tells the king that he is chasing a spoted deer. The king want the deer to stop running. The king tells him that the deer has been making the chase a long one. A deer often looks behind and the king sees that he, the deer, has a beautiful neck. The deer is affraid and his body has shrank. He is afraid of being hit by the arrow.
Answer:
charioteer, spotted, wants, The, afraid, shrunk

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1

Question 28.
Complete the paragraph using appropriate forms of the phrasal verbs given in brackets.(5× 1 = 5)
The team had to (i) ______ a new strategy after the initial plan (ii) ______ so the manager told everyone to (iii) ______ the competitors’ methods and (iv) ______ fresh ideas by morning, urging them not to (v) despite the tight deadline.
(put forward, fall through, come up with, give up, look into)
Answer:
i) come up with,
ii) fell through,
iii) look into,
iv) put forward,
v) give up

Question 29.
Complete the following passage choosing the right words from the brackets. (6 × 1/2 = 3)
______ (i) the new fiscal quarter began, the leadership team has been focused ______ (ii) fostering innovation ______(iii) evay department. They believe significant breakthroughs can only happen when ideas are shared freely, moving ______ (iv) unnecessary bureaucratic hurdles. The commitment ______ (v) improvement must resonate ______ (vi) the entire organization to truly succeed. (for, on. since, within, without, from)
Answer:
i) Since,
ii) on,
iii) from,
iv) without,
v) for,
vi) within.

Question 30.
Complete the following conversation between German Officer and Szpilman. (5 × 1 = 5)
German Officer: What did yo.u do for a (i) ______ ?
Szpilman: I am a (ii) ______
German Officer: Okay. Follow me to the next room.
There is a (iii) ______ there. I want you to (iv) ______ on the piano.
Szpilman: I will play Chopin’s Nocturne.
German Officer: It was wonderful. It is not safe here for you. I will take you out of the city into a village where (v)______
Answer:
i) living
ii) pianist
iii) piano
iv) play something
v) you will be safe

Question 31.
Report the following dialogue. (2 × 1 = 2)
Pelayo: Elisenda, come with me. There is an old man lying face down in our courtyard.
Elisenda: Can’t you see I am putting pads on our sick baby?
Answer:
Pelayo asked Elisenda to go with him. There was an old man lying face down in their courtyard. In response Elisenda asked him if he can’t see her putting pads on their sick baby.

Question 32.
Choosing words from those given in brackets, write two – word captions for the pictures.
(Talk, Child, Teacher, Student, Confusing, Helpless)
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1 - 1
b)
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 1 - 2
Answer:
a) Helpless Child
b) Confusing Talk

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Reviewing solved English Question Paper Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Set 4 helps in understanding answer patterns.

English Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Model Question Paper Set 4

Time: 2½ Hours
Score: 80 Marks

Instructions:

  1. 15 minutes is given as cool off time.
  2. This time is to be used for reading the question paper.
  3. You are not supposed to write anything during the cool off time.
  4. Attempt the questions according to the instructions.

Questions 1-5 Read the following extract from “Preference Nationale” by Fatou Diome and answer the questions that follow. (5 × 1 = 5)

I was looking for a job in one of the free papers. I came across this ad: “Larger bakery in the city centre looking for salesgirl. Dialect desirable. Please come to the shop.”

I wrote down the address and told a French friend about it on the phone that evening. “Are you nuts?” she asked. “You could do better than that. I’ve the same qualifications as you and I am finishing my teacher training. You’ll be bored selling bread and pastries all day.”

“I’d be happy to do something,” I replied. “My qualification may be French, but my brain isn’t recognised as such and so it is not allowed to function. In the meantime I have to eat. At least selling bread, I won’t starve.” She said it was ridiculous and I could find something else. I had heard such things a hundred times. My French friend did not know how here my life was,

Question 1.
What post was advertised in the newspaper?
Answer:
The post advertised in the newspaper was that of a salesgirl in a bakery.

Question 2.
When the writer told her French friend about her intention to work in a bakery as a sales girl, what was the friend’s reaction?
Answer:
When the writer told her French friend about her intention to work in a bakery as a sales girl, the friend’s reaction was surprise. She asked the writer if she was crazy to work as a sales girl since with her qualifications she could find a better job.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 3.
What was the French friend doing at that time?
A. She was working in a company.
B. She was touring abroad.
C. She was finishing her teacher training.
D. She was selling pastries.
Answer:
C. She was finishing her teacher training.

Question 4.
“My French friend did not know how here my life was.” What does the writer mean by this statement?
A. Her friend was not aware where the writer was.
B. Her friend did not know how much the writer was suffering without a job.
C. Her friend wanted the writer to take up the job in the bakery.
D. Her friend wanted to help her with a better job.
Answer:
B. Her friend did not know how much the writer was suffering without a job.

Question 5.
Why did the writer want to get the j ob of a salesgirl in a bakery?
Answer:
The writer wanted to get the job of a salesgirl in a bakery because she did not have any money even to eat. She thought with this job at least she won’t starve.

Questions 6-9: Read the following lines from “In the Attic” by Wladyslaw Szpilman and answer the questions that follow. (4 × 1 = 4)

My hiding place was well chosen. No one ever thought of searching it. On 12 December, the officer came for the last time. He brought me a larger supply of bread and a warm quilt. He told me he was leaving Warsaw and I must not lose heart. When I asked him how I will survive street fighting, he tokj me God had protected us for over five years and his will is for us to be alive. When he was about to go I told him my name was Szpilman and I used to work for Polish Radio. I would be back to work if I were alive after the war. If he needed help, I would be there for him. He smiled. I felt happy that I showed him my gratitude and my wish to help him.

Christmas came, followed by the New Year 1945. There were 6 Christmas and the New Year celebrations during the war period. This was the worst I had known. I lay in the dark, listening to the stormy wind. I heard the rustle of rats and mice running back and forth in the attic. I started thinking of Christmas before and during war. At first I had a home, parents, two sisters and a brother. Then we had no home, but we were together. Later I was alone, buy surrounded by other people. Now I felt lonelier than anyone else in the world. I had to be alone, entirely alone, if I wanted to live.

Question 6.
Why does the writer say that his hiding place was well chosen?
Answer:
The writer says that his hiding place was well chosen because no one ever thought of searching it.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 7.
When the officer came to meet the writer on 12 December, the writer told him:
A. to bring a large supply of bread and a warm quilt.
B. not to lose his heart.
C. that God had protected them for five years.
D. that his name was Szpilman and he used to work for Polish Radio.
Answer:
D. that his name was Szpilman and he used to work for Polish Radio.

Question 8.
The writer felt happy because:
A. the officer had brought him a large supply of bread and a warm quilt.
B. God had protected them for five years.
C. he showed the officer his gratitude and his wish to help him.
D. the officer was coming for the last time.
Answer:
C. he showed the officer his gratitude and his wish to help him.

Question 9.
Why does the writer say that the Christmas of 1944 and New Year 1945 celebrations were the worst for him?
Answer:
The writer says that the Christmas of 1944 and New Year 1945 celebrations were the worst for him because he was in hiding. He lay in the dark, listening to the stormy wind. He heard the rustle of rats and mice running back and forth in the attic.

Question 10.
(A) Read the following lines from the poem “The Wild Swans at Coole” by W.B. Yeats and prepare an appreciation focusing on the theme, literary devices and the message.(1 × 5 = 5)
“The Wild Swans at Coole” by William Butler Yeats is a profoundly moving and reflective poem. It is a contemplative meditation on themes of time, aging, the constancy of nature, and the pain of human change. The strength of the poem lies in the contrast drawn between the aging poet and the seemingly ageless swans. The poet is revisiting the Code Park after nineteen years. The poet says he used to enjoy watching those brilliant swans.

Since they have flown away his heart feels the pain of their absence. All is changed since on this shore, at twilight, he first heard the rhythmic beat of their wings above his head, while walking at a very slow pace. These swans are still not tired. They, with then- lovers, paddle in the cold friendly streams or fly in the sky. Their hearts have not grown old. They are still vigorous and they wander in the places they like. They are still passionate and have the desire to attain new goals.

The imagery of the poem is great with fine pictures of nature, We see trees in their autumn beauty, dry woodland paths, the water mirroring the still sky under the October twilight and the swans drifting on the brimming water. The imagery of the swans, drifting on the still water yet capable of climbing the air, makes them mysterious, beautiful. The swans also represent eternal youth and love.

The poem is composed of five six-line stanzas (sestets) with a regular rhythm and the abcbdd rhyme scheme. It is a magnificent poem. It captures the universal human heartache over the relentless passage of time and the painful awareness of one’s own mortality in the face of nature’s endless cycle.

Questions 11-14: Read the lines from the Speech of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru to the Constituent Assembly on the eve of India’s independence on 14 August 1947 and answer the questions that follow. (4 × 1 = 4)

“Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom.

Amoment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new, when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance. It is fitting that at this solemn moment we take the pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity.

The ambition of the greatest man of our generation has been to wipe every tear from every eye. That may be beyond us, but so long as there are tears and suffering, so long our work will not be over. And so we have to labour and to work, and work hard, to give reality to our dreams. Those dreams are for India, but they are also for the world.”

I have looked upon those brilliant creatures,
And now my heart is sore.
All’s changed since I, hearing at twilight,
The first time on this shore,
The bell-beat of their wings above my head,
Trod with a lighter tread.
Unwearied still, lover by lover,
They paddle in the cold
Companionable streams or climb the air;
Their hearts have not grown old;
Passion or conquest, wander where they will,
Attend upon them still.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 10.
(B) “War” by Luigi Pirandello highlights the effect of war on common people. It is the ordinary people who suffer in a war and not the privileged. Prepare an article for a magazine to be published by your school on 6 August, Hiroshima Day.
Answer:
On the 6th of August, the world observes the Hiroshima Day. Albert Einstein famously said, “I know not with what weapons World War III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones”.

August 6,1945, is a day when none among us was bom. But it is significant in world history. On this day, the United States dropped an atomic bomb, the likes of which no one had ever seen before, on Hiroshima, Japan. Codenamed “Little Boy,” it was the first of the only two uses of nuclear weapons in an armed conflict. Three days later on August 9, another bomb, codenamed “Fat Man”, was dropped on Nagasaki.

The decision to bomb Hiroshima was made in light of Japan’s refusal to surrender in World War II. The war had ended in Europe with Germany’s fall, but the Allied forces anticipated another year of fighting to defeat Japan. The invasion of the Japanese mainland was deemed too costly, time-taking and devastating for the Allies to undertake.

The United States had already developed two atomic bombs in the Manhattan Project and decided to use them against Japan with the approval of all the other allied nations. The result was the prompt and utter destruction of Hiroshima. It was a bustling city of thousands. It was reduced to ashes within minutes. It’s estimated that around 200,000 people died from the bombing and its after effects like radiation poisoning.

The Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings are a blot on humanity, but they also ended World War A, preventing potentially years of fighting and thousands of military and civilian casualties. Hiroshima and Nagasaki were chosen because they had big military garrisons and factories. Many historians argue that the step was too extreme and should be considered a war crime. We observe this day to remember all the lost souls who perished for no reason in the Hiroshima bombings. Let us always remember the deadly power of nuclear force and how it could flatten the world. Today, let us pledge to work for peace and not war.

Question 11.
“Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny” means we made a secret agreement with fate many years ago. In your opinion what could be that secret agreement?
A. The commitment to achieve independence.
B. To make Jawaharlal Nehru the first Prime Minister of Independent India.
C. To make Gandhi the Father of the nation.
D. The Indian National Congress would be the ruling party of Independent India.
Answer:
A. The commitment to achieve independence.

Question 12.
When will India awake to life and freedom?
Answer:
India will awake to life and freedom at the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps.

Question 13.
“The ambition of the greatest man of our generation has been to wipe every tear from every eye.” Who is “the greatest man of our generation” the speaker had in his mind?
A. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
B. Mahatma Gandhi
C. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
D. Dr. B.N. Ambedkar, the architect of our Constitution
Answer:
B. Mahatma Gandhi

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 14.
At this solemn moment what pledge are we to take, according to Nehru?
Answer:
According to Nehru at this solemn moment we are to take the pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity.

Questions 15-18: Answer either A or B.

Question 15.
(A) The following is a conversation between Anasuya and Shakuntala taken from the play “Shakutalam” by Kalidasa. Read the conversation and prepare a description on the scene in your words. (1 x 7 = 7)
Anasuya: Oh Shakuntala! Here is the jasmine vine that you named Light of the Grove. She has chosen the mango tree as her husband.
Shakuntala (approaches and looks at it, joyfully): What a pretty pair they make! The jasmine shows her youth in her fresh flowers, and the mango tree shows his strength in his ripening fruit. (She stands gazing at them.)
Answer:
(A) In the scene we see Shakuntala and her friends Anasuya and Priyamvada watering the plants and trees in the hermitage. They are chitchatting and enjoying themselves. Suddenly Shakuntala sees the branches of the mango tree moving in the wind. She interprets as the mango tree calling her to tell her something. On the mango tree a jasmine vine has crept. Anasuya says that the jasmine embracing.the mango tree was named Light of the Grove by Shakuntala. She adds that the jasmine vine has chosen the mango tree as her husband.

The king describes Shakuntala. Her arms are tender shoots; her lips are red and warm flowers. She is a bewitching youth beginning to flower in the beauty of her own. Shakuntala goes to the mango tree. She says the mango tree and the jasmine vine make a pretty pair. The jasmine shows her youth in her fresh flowers, and the mango tree shows his strength in his ripening fruit. She stands looking at them in wonder.

OR
(B) The forest guard cautions Salim Ali and Omarof the possible dangers of exploring Parambikulam and also the etiquette to be followed while trekking in a forest. Write down the instructions that he might have given them
Answer:
a) Always stay with me. Never wander off the marked trail, as it’s easy to get into some other troubles.
b) If you need a rest or feel unwell, inform me immediately.
c) As there is lot of grass around even on the trail, beware of snakes.
d) Smoking is strictly prohibited outside of designated areas. Forest fires spread quickly and are devastating.
e) Observe from a distance. Enjoy the wildlife, but never approach, feed, or touch any animal.
f) Do not collect any plants, flowers, rocks, or historical artefacts. Everything in the forest belongs here. You can only take pictures.
g) If you need to use the restroom, tell me. I will tell you where to go.
h) There are dangerous plants and insects. So don’t try to touch them.
i) The terrain is uneven. There may be small stones on the way. So walk with caution.
j) Make sure you have enough water to drink.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 16.
(A) From the story “A Phoenix Rises” you have gained some insights into Arunachalam Muruganantham’s life and achievements. Using the hints given below, develop his biographical sketch. (1 × 6 = 6)
(Hints: His father, handloom weaver, died when Arunachalam was 14 – works as a busboy in a welding workshop – married Shanti at 21 – Shanti used old rags during her menstrual cycle – wanted to make cheap, hygienic sanitary pads for women -13 years go get a patent for his invention – admirer of Gandhiji-Awards))
Answer:
(A) Arunachalam Muruganantham’s father was a handloom weaver. Arunachalam dropped out of school when he was 14, when his father died. His mother worked in a farm and she found it hard to make the ends meet. Arunachalam had two sisters. His mother had hoped he would become an engineer. But she could not afford to send him to college. So he took up a job as a busboy in welding workshop. But with his hard work he became a welder. Later he took over the mortgage of the workshop and all the things were done there as he wanted.

At 21 he married. It was then he discovered that his wife Shanti had to use old rags instead of clean napkins during her menstrual cycle. This made him think of the health and hygiene of women. This knowledge triggered his research into the manufacture of affordable napkins.

As his father was a weaver, Arunachalam was familiar with cotton. All his initial experiments failed miserably. The topic of menstrual cycle was taboo in his village. His interest in the subject led to his isolation in the community and even in his family. But he did not give up. He tried to find out what type of cotton the popular brands were using. It took him two years of trial and error to find out it was pinewood pulp and not cotton.

The suppliers sent him some samples. He spent several days wondering how to make cellulose out of it. One day his pet dog accidentally scratched the sample card and he saw the soft cottony material. This gave him the idea of defibration. The machines that produced sanitary napkins cost crores at that time. He designed three separate machines for the defibration, compression and sterilization of the material. It took him 13 years to get a patent for his invention. When he got it, he placed it in public domain for anyone who wanted to use it.

He is a great admirer of Gandhiji. Gandhiji believed that women could transform India. He followed Gandhi’s wisdom and his path. His vision is to generate one million jobs for women in India and to promote 100% hygiene in households. He uses the power of women to empower women. In his mission 3 elements are the most important – awareness, availability and affordability. Women can communicate effectively with women, and create awareness on menstrual hygiene.

IIT Madras honoured Arunachalam Muruganantham with the National Innovation Foundation’s “Grassroots Technological Innovations Award”. He received the Award from the President of India. The Government of India awarded him Padma Shri in 2016.

OR
(B) Develop the character ofKingDushyanta from the hints given below:
Hints: chasing deer – hermit tells him not to hunt the deer – his humility – his logical thinking – meets Shakuntala – his description of her – falls in love with her – a lovable person)
Answer:
In the play “Shakuntalam” we see King Dushyanta in a chariot chasing a deer with an arrow ready to shoot. Even then he appreciates the beauty of the deer. He loves hunting. But when a hermit tells him the deer he is chasing belongs to the hermitage and he should not kill the dear, the king readily puts the arrow back in its quiver. This shows his humility. He is a man of logic. When he sees the grains dropped from the bills of parrot chicks, the pounding stones having almond oil on them and the deer not running away when they approach, he guesses there is a hermitage nearby.

He respects others and shows good behaviour. When he comes near the hermitage, he dismounts from his chariot and walks toward it so that he does not disturb the calm and quiet of the place and the people. He has poetic qualities and we see this in his description of Shakuntala. He is a young man ready to fall in love with Shakuntala! On the whole he is a lovable person.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 17.
(A) Salim Ali is known as the Birdman of India.He died in 1987. Imagine that he is alive today. Draft an e-mail congratulating him on his achievements and his efforts towards creating greater interest in ornithology. (1 × 6 = 6)
Answer:
salimali@gmail.com
Letter of Congratulations!
Dear Sir,
I am writing this email to congratulate you on your achievements and the Awards you have received. You are very rightly called the Birdman of India. You were the first to conduct a systematic survey of birds in India. You have written many books on ornithology. You co-authored the famous book “Handbook of the Birds in India and Pakistan” with Sidney Dillon Ripley. You were honoured with Padma Bhushan in 1958 and Padma Vibhushan in 1976. Several special of fauna like SalimAli’s Fruit Bat and Salim Ali’s Dwarf Gecko were named after you. Two bird sanctuaries and institutions are also named after you. You are a great inspiration to bird-lovers like me. Please accept my hearty congratulations! (M.A. Kurian)

OR
(B) You might have read about the Kumool Bus Fire accident that happened in the early hours of Friday, October 24, 2025, near Chinna Tekur village on the Hyderabad-Bengaluru National Highway (NH-44). Using the hints given blow describe the accident and its results. (Hints: A private multi-axle sleeper AC bus, operated by V-Kaveri Travels, was travelling from Hyderabad to Bengaluru – 44 people – 20 killed – a drunken rider on a motorbike hit the divider and he died immediately – the motorcycle was left on the road – the bus ran over the motorcycle – the bus dragged it – the fuel tank of the motorcycle ruptured and caught fire – the fire spread into the bus which also had a large consignment of smart phones – most passengers were sleeping the doors of the bus were jammed – investigation going on)
Answer:
The Kumool Bus Fire accident was one of the worst that happened recently in India Aprivate multi-axle sleeper AC bus, operated by V- Kaveri Travels, was travelling from Hyderabad to Bengaluru. There were 44 people on board, including passengers and crew. 20 people were killed. The massive blaze was triggered by a sequence of events. Adrunken motorcyclist skidded and hit a road divider, killing the rider instantly. The bike was left lying on the highway. The bus, travelling at a high speed, ran over the stationary motorcycle. The motorcycle was dragged for some distance. The friction and dragging caused sparks, which ignited the bike’s ruptured fuel tank, leading to an explosion and a massive fire.

The fire spread rapidly through the sleeper coach, which reportedly intensified due to the highly flammable materials used in the bus’s interiors and, a large consignment of new smart phones carrying lithium-ion batteries stored in the luggage compartment. The incident occurred between 3:00 am and 3:30 am, when most passengers were asleep. The fire and subsequent electrical short-circuit reportedly jammed the main doors of the bus, trapping passengers inside. The driver and co-driver managed to escape but were later detained by the police for negligence. Both the Central and State governments announced compensations for the families of the deceased and the injured.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 18.
(A) In “Preference Nationale” we see that after being denied the tutoring job, the narrator is deeply hurt. She is narrating the incident to Sally, one of her friends. What would she say?
Answer:
(A) Salley, I am not at all fine here. The new law known as Borders’ Law is making the life of people like me, the black and the brown-skinned people, miserable. The law says that if you are married to a French citizen, it will now take two years for you to claim the benefits of citizenship. The other day I had a bitter experience. In a free paper I saw an advertisement. It said that a tutor to give French lessons to an 11-year old girl was wanted. The ad gave the phone number asking candidates to contact the advertiser after 7 pm.

I called the advertiser at 7.10. It was a woman working as a cashier at a Strasbourg supermarket. The 11 year-old girl was her daughter. She asked me to meet her at a particular cafe. She said she would come there dressed in a white jersey with blue stripes. The cafe was crowded. I soon recognised her. I introduced myself. I gave her my certificate. She looked at it and returned it to me saying she wanted a European person and not a black one.

She added that she would not allow anyone to mess up with her child’s education. I told her she is refusing me the job because of my black lips which can explain the intricacies of French grammar better than her white lips. She was annoyed and shouted at me “Go back to your jungle!” From my mother-in-law, I had heard the same phrase! Earlier I had gone to look for a j ob as a salesgirl in a bakery. As a black woman, the white owner was not ready to give me the job. He even insulted me saying “Why can’t you go back and work in your own country? People migrate to foreign countries hoping to have better lives. But often they suffer as they are not well treated and respected by the whites of the host countries. I hope I will soon get a job and things will be better for me.

(B) The Literary Club of Your school is launching a programme to promote reading habits among the students and the people in general. Prepare two catchy sentences that can be used as advertisement jingles for the programme.
Answer:
a) Unlock a world of adventure: Turn the page, light your mind!
b) Ditch the screen, dive into a book— Reading is the coolest club!

Questions 19-21: Answer all the questions.

Question 19.
In “Breaking Barriers, I will Fly” Srikanta Bolla speaks about his life and achievements although he was bom blind. Prepare his biographical sketch using the hints given below: (1 × 6 = 6)
(Hints: bom in .1991 in Machilipatnam in AP – parents uneducated farmers – bom blind – joined special school -10th grade with 90% marks – legal battle to study science in HSS – scored 98% marks – worked with APJ Abdul Kalam – first international blind student at MIT, USA – established Bollant Industries producing recycled Kraft paper – support for the disabled children – makes ecofriendly items – awards)
Answer:
Srikanth Bolla was bom in 1991 in Machilipatnam in Andhra Pradesh. His parents were uneducated farmers. He was bom blind. He joined a Special School and passed his 10th grade with 90% marks. He had to do a legal battle to study Science in HSS. He passed with 98% marks. He has been a youth leader since 2005.

He is a member of the Lead India campaign of2020, the National Youth Movement started by the former President of India, APJ Abdulkalam. He was the first international blind student at MIT, USA. In 2002, Bolla set up Bollant Industries with a partner Ravi Mantha. It produces eco-friendly recycled Kraft paper and packaging products from natural and recycled materials.

Srikanth Bolla is the director of Surge Impact Foundation which he founded in 2016. The organization aims to enable individuals and institutions to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. In 2027, he was named in the Forbes Magazine list of “30 under 30” across all Asia. Abiopic of his life, Srikanth, was released in 2024.

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 20.
The Sports Club of your school is organizing a Football Tournament in which different schools will take part. Prepare a notice to publicise the event and invite people for the tournament showing its purpose, date, time, venue and the chief guest for the inaugural function.(1 × 4 = 4)
Answer:

Crescent Public School, Chalakudy Sports Club
Callimg All Football Fans
NOTICE

5 January 2026

Calling All Football Fans!

The Sports Club is thrilled to annoimee the Annual Inter-School Football Tournament!

Purpose: To foster a spirit of sportsmanship, competition, and camaraderie among the participating schools and to celebrate the love of football.

We invite all students, parents, and faculty to come and cheer for the talented young athletes!

Date – 15 January 2026
Time: 9.00 A.M. onwards, daily
Venue: School Football Field

The tournament will kick off with a grand inaugural ceremony! The Minister of Education, Kerala, has kindly agreed to declare the tournament open.

Come witness the thrilling matches and support our team!

For more information, contact the undersigned.

Raj Job
Secretary, Sports Club
Mob: 8547099999

Question 21.
Read the following passage and frame four appropriate questions based on it. (1 x 4 = 4) When I reached the cafe, it was full. Madame had told she’d be wearing a white jersey with blue stripes. I spotted her. I introduced myself and showed a part of my brain that had been lying dormant in a folder – the famous degree. The waiter came and asked me what I wanted. I ordered some kind of fruit juice. He soon brought it.
Answer:
a) How was the cafe when the speaker reached there?
b) How would the speaker recognise the Madam who had given the ad for a tutor for her 11- year old daughter?
c) “I introduced myself showed a part of my brain that had been lying dormant in a folder.” What does the writer mean by saying she showed part of her brain that had been lying dormant in a folder?
d) What did the writer order?

Questions 22-26: Study the advertisement below and answer the questions that follow.

Advertisement
Trainees Wanted!

“The Indian Express”, a leading English daily, is seeking bright, motivated, and enthusiastic individuals to join our prestigious one-year Journalism Trainee Programme. This is a fantastic opportunity to kickstart your career in media and leam from experienced professionals.

Category Requirements
Academic Qualifications A Bachelor’s Degree in Journalism, Mass Communication, English Literature, or any related field from a recognized university.
Language Abilities Proficiency in written and spoken English, is mandatory. Proficiency in at least one regional language.
Computer Skills Proficiency in MS Office Suite (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) and knowledge of basic photo editing software.
Age Limit Applicants must be below 25 years of age as of the last date of application.
Program Details
Duration: One year of intensive, on-the-job training.
Stipend: A consolidated monthly stipend of 20,000/- will be provided during the training period.
Career Opportunity: Successful trainees will be considered for a permanent position as a Sub-Editor or Reporter, based on performance and available vacancies.How to Apply
Interested candidates are required to submit the following:1. A detailed Resume/CV.
2. A Cover Letter explaining your interest and suitability for the role.
3. Copies of all relevant academic transcripts/ certificates.Please send your complete application package via email to: careers@indianexpress.comSubject Line: APPLICATION FOR JOURNALISM TRAINEE

Important Dates
Last Date for Application
: 31 December 2025

Note: Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted for a written test and interview.

Question 22.
What is the position offered by the Indian Express?
Answer:
The position offered by the Indian Express is trainee for its one-year Journalism Trainee Programme

Question 23.
Which of the following is not a requirement for the position?
A. A Master’s Degree
B. A Bachelor’s Degree
C. Good language ability
D. Good computer skills
Answer:
A. A Master’s Degree

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 24.
What career opportunity is offered in the ad?
Answer:
The career opportunity offered in the ad is a permanent position as a Sub-Editor or Reporter.

Question 25.
Where should the application be sent to?
A. To the Manager’s Office
B. To the Trainer’s Office
C. To the Personnel Manager
D. careers@indianexpress.com
Answer:
D. careers@indianexpress.com

Question 26.
Who will be contacted by the company for further assessment?
Answer:
Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted by the company for further assessment.

Question 27.
Edit the passage. Errors are given in bold. (6 × 1/2 = 3)
After a week or two I was sitting at my window in the evening. The whether was bad and I am bored. Teresa came in. She asks me if I was busy. I said no. Then she said she wanted me to write another letters. I asked her if it was to Boles. She said it was from him. When I showed my surprise, she told me it was not for her but for a friend, an acquaintance, pf her’s. He has a sweatheart like me, another Teresa. She asked me if I would write to that Teresa.
Answer:
i) weather,
ii) was,
iii) asked,
iv) letter,
v) hers,
vi) sweetheart

Question 28.
Complete the paragraph using the appropriate forms of the phrasal verbs in brackets.
We were excited to (i) ______ on our weekend hike deep into the mountains. We had meticulously planned the route, but halfway up, the path started to (ii)______into tricky terrain. My friend, Mark, wasn’t feeling well and had to (iii)______ for a moment. We tried to encourage him, telling him we could easily(iv) ______ the remaining distance. Unfortunately, the situation worsened when we realized we had accidentally left the map back at the car. We quickly decided to (v)______ before itgot dark. (lie down, get over, break down, turn back, set off)
Answer:
i) set off,
ii) break down,
iii) lie down,
iv) get over,
v) turn back

Question 29.
Complete the paragraph below by choosing the right words from the brackets. (6 × 1/2 = 3)
The old cabin sat peacefully (i)______ the edge of the forest, its windows overlooking a winding river. I arrived (ii)______ the evening train, having travelled for hours. It was impossible to imagine life here (iii)______ the constant sound of the water, (iv) ______ my arrival yesterday, I hadn’t seen another soul, (v) ______ that was precisely the solitude I sought. I set my worn suitcase down (vi) ______ the fireplace,ready for a weekend of quiet reflection.(since, by, beside, without, on, but)
Answer:
i) on,
ii) by,
iii) without,
iv) Since,
v) beside,
v) but.
vi) beside

Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4

Question 30.
Complete the following conversation between Wladyslaw Szpilman and the German Officer. (5 × 1 = 5)
Wladyslaw Szpilman: You can do what you like but I will (i) ______ from here.
German officer: I have no intention to do (ii) ______ What do you do for a (iii) ______?
WS: Iama(iv) ______
GO: Okay. Come with me to the next room where there is a piano. What are you going to (v) ______?
WS: I will play Chopin’s Nocturne.
Answer:
i) not move,
ii) any harm to you,
iii) living,
iv) pianist,
v) play

Question 31.
Report the following dialogue. Interviewer: Why do you promote women and women’s self-help groups so much? Muruganantham: I use the power of women to empower women. In my mission 3 elements are the most important- awareness, availability and affordability.
Answer:
The interviewer asked Muruganantham why he promoted women and women’s self-help groups that much. Muruganantham replied saying that he used the power of women to empower women. In his mission 3 elements were the most important-awareness, availability and affordability.

Question 32.
Using the words below, write 3-word captions for these pictures.(help, freedom, brings, gets, repaid, joy)
Kerala Syllabus Class 10 English Model Question Paper Set 4 - 1
Answer:
a) Help Gets Repaid
b) Freedom Brings Joy

SSLC IT Theory Questions and Answers Pdf English & Malayalam Medium

Expert Teachers at HSSLive.Guru has created Kerala Std 10 SSLC IT Theory Questions and Answers Pdf English Medium Malayalam Medium Chapter Wise 2025-2026 Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Notes are part of Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Textbooks Solutions. Here we have given Class 10 IT Theory Questions, 10th IT Theory Questions and Answers Part 1 and 2. Students can also read Kerala SSLC IT Theory Model Question Papers with Answers.

SSLC IT Theory Questions Chapter Wise

SSLC IT Theory Questions and Answers Pdf English Medium

IT Theory Questions SSLC Part 1

SSLC IT Theory Questions Chapter Wise Part 2

SSLC IT Theory Questions and Answers Pdf Malayalam Medium

Class 10 IT Theory Questions Malayalam Medium Part 1

Std 10 IT Theory Questions Malayalam Medium Part 2

We hope the given SSLC IT Theory Questions Chapter Wise Pdf Download 2025-2026, SSLC IT Exam Theory Questions and Answers Notes will help you. If you have any queries regarding SSLC ICT Theory Questions and Answers, 10th Standard IT Theory Questions and Answers Notes, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Regular practice of SSLC IT Theory Questions and Class 10 IT Chapter 6 The World of Robots Questions and Answers Notes prepares students for objective and descriptive examinations.

Class 10 IT Chapter 6 Question Answer

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions

InText Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Complete the table below based on the components of robots and their uses.
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 1
Answer:

Category Component Use
Input Unit Light Sensor To detect the presence of light.
IR Sensor To detect the presence of objects with the help of infrared rays.
Microphone To collect sound information from the environment.
Camera To collect information in the form’of images.
Ultrasonic Sensor To measure distance by using ultrasonic waves.
Touch Screen To detect physical contact or pressure
Control Unit Ardunio The information received through input devices is processed, decisions are made based on the given instructions and actions are carried out throught the output devices.
Raspberry Pi
ESP32
Microcontroller
Output Unit LED To display the output in the form of light.
Buzzer To produce sound as an alert or notification.
Servo Motor Used to perform automatic/mechanical movement.
Stepper Motor Used for precise movement in steps; often in robotic arms/wheels.

Question 2.
Artificial intelligence and robotics can do many amazing things when they come together. Note down what they can do.
Answer:

Robotics that perform surgeries in the healthcare sector.

  1. Robots that manufacture products in factories.
  2. Robots that engage in space travel.
  3. Robots that engage in agricultural work.
  4. Robots that prevent environmental pollution.
  5. Robots that drive vehicles, such as self-driving cars or delivery drones.
  6. Robots that clean homes and offices automatically using Al-powered navigation.
  7. Robots that teach and interact with students in classrooms.

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Class 10 IT Chapter 6 Let’s Assess

Question 1.
Which of the following can be used as an actuator in a robot?
(a) IR sensor
(b) Servo motor
(c) LED
(d) Ardunio
Answer:
(b) Servo motor

Question 2.
Analyze the code given in the figure and find the correct statements given below.
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 2
(a) An output device is connected to Digital PIN 4.
(b) An output device is connected to Digital PIN 10
(c) An input device is connected to Digital PIN 4.
(d) An input device is connected to Digital PIN 10.
Answer:
None of the given options are correct.

Correct statements are:

  1. An input device is connected to Digital PIN 8.
  2. An output device (servo motor) is connected to Digital PIN 9.

Std 10 IT Chapter 6 Extended Activities

Question 1.
Did you use Ardunio to light up an LED? Make a model of a traffic signal using green, red, and yellow LEDs..
Answer:
Traffic Signal Model using Ardunio
Components needed:

  1. Ardunio Uno board
  2. Breadboard
  3. 3 LEDs (Red, Yellow, Green)
  4. 3 resistors (2202 each)
  5. Jumper wires
  6. USB cable

Circuit Description:

  1. Red → Ardunio PIN 8
  2. Yellow → Ardunio PIN 7
  3. Green → Ardunio PIN 6
  4. Connect the long leg (anode) of each LED to the specified Arduino pin via a resistor.
  5. Connect the short leg (cathode) of each LED to the GND rail on the breadboard.
  6. Connect the breadboard GND to GND pin on Arduino.
Ardunio Code:
void setup() {
pinMode(8, OUTPUT); // Red LED
pinMode (7, OUTPUT); // Yellow LED
pinMode(6, OUTPUT); // Green LED
}
void loop () {
// Green light ON
digitalWrite (6, HIGH);
delay(5000); // 5 seconds
digitalWrite(6, LOW);
// Yellow light ON
digitalWrite(7, HIGH);
delay(2000); // 2 seconds
digitalWrite(7, LOW);
// Red light ON
digitalWrite(8, HIGH);
delay(5000); // 5 seconds
digitalWrite(8, LOW);
}
• Turns Green LED ON for 5 sec (Go)
• Then Yellow LED ON for 2 sec (Wait)
• Then Red LED ON for 5 sec (Stop)
• Repeats the sycle in a loop.

Question 2.
Modify the smart door system you created so that it recognizes only you and functions accordingly.
Answer:
Components needed:

  1. Ardunio Uno
  2. Servo Motor
  3. Camera Module
  4. Raspberry Pi or PC
  5. Jumper wires. Power supply

Working:

  1. Camera captures a face.
  2. Face is matcfied with a trained image of your face.
  3. If match found → Servo unlocks door.
  4. Else → Door remains locked
    Write python (Face Recognition) Code

Question 3.
Using the light sensor from the robotic kit, create a model of an LED light system that automatically turns on at night.
Answer:
Components needed:

  1. Ardunio Uno
  2. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
  3. 10k ohm Resistor
  4. LED
  5. Breadboard and jumper wires
  6. USB cable for Ardunio

Working Principle:

  1. The LDR detects light intensity.
  2. When it is bright (day), the resistance of the LDR is low, and the LED remains off.
  3. When it is dark (night), the resistance of the LDR increases, volatage changes are sensed by Ardunio, and the LED turns on.

Circuit diagram:
LDR Setup:

  • One end of LDR → 5V on Ardunio
  • Other end of LDR → A0 (analog input) and also to one end of 10k 2 resistor.
  • Other end of fresisitor → GND

LED Setip:

  • Longer leg of LED (Anode) → Digital Pin 9
  • Shorter leg of LED (Cathode) → GND (via 2200 resistor)
    Add Ardunio Code

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

SSLC IT The World of Robots Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is the main function of a robot’s controller?
(a) To move the robot
(b) To sense temperature
(c) To act as the brain of the robot
(d) To charge the battery
Answer:
(c) To act as the brain of the robot

Question 2.
Which part of a robot helps it detect obstacles?
(a) Motor
(b) Controller
(c) Battery
(d) Sensor
Answer:
(d) Sensor

Question 3.
What is the full form of AI in robotics?
(a) Automatic Interface
(b) Artificial Intelligence
(c) Audio Integration
(d) Advanced Input
Answer:
(b) Artificial Intelligence

Question 4.
Robots used in surgery are an example of __________ robots.
(a) Space Robots
(b) Military Robots
(c) Medical Robots
(d) Domestic Robots
Answer:
(c) Medical Robots

Question 5.
Which programming language is commonly used with Arduino?
(a) Java
(b) Python
(c) C++
(d) HTML
Answer:
(c) C++

Question 6.
Robots used in factories for assembling cars are called ____________ .
(a) Service robots
(b) Industrial robots
(c) Medical robots
(d) Domestic robots
Answer:
(b) Industrial robots

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Question 7.
Which component provides energy to a robot?
(a) Actuator
(b) Sensor
(c) Power source
(d) Controller
Answer:
(c) Power source

Question 8.
How many wires does a standard servo motor have?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Answer:
(b) 3

Question 9.
What is the function of the yellow wire in a servo motor?
(a) Power
(b) Ground
(c) Control
(d) Light
Answer:
(c) Control

Question 10.
Servo motor rotation is usually limited to _____________ .
(a) 90°
(b) 180°
(c) 270°
(d) 360°
Answer:
(b) 180°

Question 11.
What signal is used to control a servo motor?
(a) Voltage
(b) Resistance
(c) Pulse Width Modulation
(d) Frequency
Answer:
(c) Pulse Width Modulation

Question 12.
Which pin on the Arduino is usually used for servo motor signal?
(a) GND
(b) 5V
(c) Analog pin
(d) Digital pin
Answer:
(d) Digital pin

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Question 13.
Arduino IDE is used for ____________ .
(a) Drawing diagrams
(b) Typing Malayalam
(c) Writing and uploading code
(d) Making spreadsheets
Answer:
(c) Writing and uploading code

Question 14.
Which wire of a servo motor connects to 5V in Arduino?
(a) Black
(b) Red
(c) Yellow
(d) Green
Answer:
(b) Red

Question 15.
What happens when a PWM signal is changed?
(a) Brightness reduces
(b) Servo speed changes
(c) Servo angle changes
(d) Robot shuts down
Answer:
(c) Servo angle changes

Question 16.
The Arduino board used in school projects is mostly _______________ .
(a) Arduino Mega
(b) Arduino Nano
(c) Arduino Uno
(d) Arduino Uno Plus
Answer:
(c) Arduino Uno

Question 17.
Which software is commonly used to program Arduino?
(a) Scratch
(b) IDE
(c) MS Paint
(d) Inkscape
Answer:
(b) IDE

Question 18.
Which statement is true about robots?
(a) They are only used in movies
(b) They cannot be programmed
(c) They follow coded instructions
(d) They do not need sensors
Answer:
(c) They follow coded instructions

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Question 19.
What makes a robot ‘smart’?
(a) Steel body
(b) AI and sensors
(c) Large size
(d) Coloured wires
Answer:
(b) AI and sensors

Question 20.
A robot responds to its environment using ______________ .
(a) Paint
(b) RAM
(c) Sensors
(d) Graphics
Answer:
(c) Sensors

(Select two correct answers from the options)
Question 21.
Which of the following are main parts of a robot?
(a) Printer
(b) Controller
(c) Actuator
(d) Display
(e) Mouse
Answer:
(b) Controller & (c) Actuator

Question 22.
Which statements are true about robots?
(a) Robots always look like humans
(b) Robots follow programmed instructions
(c) Robots can sense their environment
(d) Robots cannot perform surgery
(e) Robots are only used in factories
Answer:
(b) Robots follow programmed instructions & (c) Robots can sense their environment

Question 23.
Examples of robots used in daily life include:
(a) Automatic vacuum cleaner
(b) Smart agricultural drone
(c) Washing machine
(d) Electric bulb
(e) Smartphone charger
Answer:
(a) Automatic vacuum cleaner & (b) Smart agricultural drone

Question 24.
Which of these are types of robots?
(a) Space robots
(b) Medical robots
(c) Racing robots
(d) Toy trains
(e) Desktop computers
Answer:
(a) Space robots & (b) Medical robots

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Question 25.
What are functions of a robot’s sensors?
(a) Increase speed
(b) Send power
(c) Detect surroundings
(d) Provide data to controller
(e) Store programs
Answer:
(c) Detect surroundings & (d) Provide data to controller

Question 26.
Robots can be used in which of the following sectors?
(a) Education
(b) Space research
(c) Music recording
(d) TV broadcasting
(e) Cartoon making
Answer:
(a) Education & (b) Space research

Question 27.
A robot can be described as _________ and __________ .
(a) A mechanical animal
(b) A programmable machine
(c) An automatic worker
(d) A sound recorder
(e) A Bluetooth speaker
Answer:
(b) A programmable machine & (c) An automatic worker

Question 28.
Which are AI-powered tasks done by robots?
(a) Object detection
(b) Face recognition
(c) Book publishing
(d) Text translation only
(e) Water heating
Answer:
(a) Object detection & (b) Face recognition

Question 29.
Which components are connected to Arduino to control a robot?
(a) Servo motor
(b) Sensor
(c) Paintbrush
(d) Light switch
(e) DVD player
Answer:
(a) Servo motor & (b) Sensor

Question 30.
The three wires of a servo motor are used for:
(a) Ground
(b) Signal
(c) USB
(d) Data storage
(e) Voice control
Answer:
(a) Ground & (b) Signal

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Question 31.
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is used to:
(a) Reduce file size
(b) Control motor rotation
(c) Set angle of servo
(d) Change battery voltage
(e) Print output
Answer:
(b) Control motor rotation & (c) Set angle of servo

Question 32.
Which statements about servo motors are correct?
(a) They rotate fully in circles
(b) They have limited rotation
(c) They use PWM signals
(d) They cannot be controlled
(e) They use five wires
Answer:
(b) They have limited rotation & (c) They use PWM signals

Question 33.
What actions are possible using Arduino?
(a) Sending emails
(b) Controlling lights
(c) Reading sensors
(d) Making phone calls
(e) Browsing websites
Answer:
(b) Controlling lights & (c) Reading sensors

Question 34.
Which are common servo motor angles?
(a) 30°
(b) 90°
(c) 180°
(d) 240°
(e) 360°
Answer:
(b) 90° & (c) 180°

Question 35.
How does Arduino help in robotics?
(a) It decorates posters
(b) It helps in coding
(c) It acts as controller
(d) It connects to printers
(e) It stores large games
Answer:
(b) It helps in coding & (c) It acts as controller

Question 36.
To power an Arduino, you can use:
(a) Pencil
(b) USB cable
(c) Battery
(d) Light sensor
(e) Thermometer
Answer:
(b) USB cable & (c) Battery

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Question 37.
Which pins are used to control a servo motor?
(a) Digital pins
(b) Ground pin
(c) HDMI
(d) Audio jack
(e) Reset pin
Answer:
(a) Digital pins & (b) Ground pin

Question 38.
Which IDE features are useful for Arduino programming?
(a) Save and compile
(b) Upload to board
(c) Watch movies
(d) Paint images
(e) Listen to music
Answer:
(a) Save and compile & (b) Upload to board

Question 39.
In a servo-controlled robot, angle depends on:
(a) USB port
(b) Signal pulse duration
(c) PWM duty cycle
(d) Motor speed
(e) Audio command
Answer:
(b) Signal pulse duration & (c) PWM duty cycle

Question 40.
A smart robot differs from a simple machine because it can:
(a) Wear clothes
(b) Make decisions using AI
(c) Sense its environment
(d) Dance randomly
(e) Speak every language
Answer:
(b) Make decisions using AI & (c) Sense its environment

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Notes

Class 10 IT Chapter 6 The World of Robots Notes

Working of Robot
Robots can perform complex tasks quickly and accurately for extended periods without tiring.

These machines come in different sizes and shapes, designed to suit specific tasks and environments. Robots can take forms such as small vehicles, birds, animals, human hands, and even full human-like figures.

Robots recognize their surroundings and analyze the information they recognize. Based on the analyzed information and the instructions they receive, they make decisions and act independently

Components of a. Robotic System

  • Robots use sensors (input devices) to perceive their surroundings.
  • Sensors collect data, which is processed by microcontrollers or microprocessors.
  • The choice of processor depends on the volume and complexity of data.
  • More complex data requires scaling up processor efficiency and quantity.
  • The robot’s control unit manages output devices based on processed data.
  • Output devices include LEDs, buzzers, display units, motors, etc.
  • Devices enabling automatic movement in robots are called actuators.
  • Common actuators include servo motors and stepper motors.

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 3

ROBOTICS (റോബോട്ടിക്സ്)
Robotics is the science that studies the design, construction, operation,and control of robots using appropriate software. It combines electronics, mechanical engineering, and computer science. Knowledge in these diverse fields is essential for building robots. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence technology is also driving significant progress in the field of robotics today.

Microcontroller
Programmable microcontroller chips act as the brains of robots. It is a small computer integrated into a single chip. It contains the main components of a computer system, including the processor, RAM, ROM, and input/ output interfaces, all within the microcontroller chip.

Arduino
Arduino is a world famous open-source hardware/software platform. Arduino was created in 2005 by a research team at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in Italy, with the aim of making physical computing devices that connect sensors, actuators and other components easier, cheaper, and more popular to build. Arduino models are available to suit different needs.
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 4

Ardunio Uno R3- Major Components and their Uses

Component Use
Microcontroller Chip (A Tnega328p) This part is called the brain of Arduino. It collects information and controls the devices according to the instructions.
DIGITAL I/O PINs Collects data from input devices. Controls output devices. The pins marked with tilde (~) symbol can also be used for Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
USB Port For connecting to computer to upload programs and transfer data.
External Power Supply For supplying power to the board from the battery or other external source.
5V PIN This provides a steady 5V.
3.3V PIN This provides a steady 3.3V.
GND This provides the ground potential (OV) of the Arduino.
Analog Input For measuring analog voltage.

Breadboard
A breadboard is a device that allows you to build and reuse circuits by connecting electronic components to each other without soldering. The terminals of electronic components can be attached to the holes in the breadboard. These holes are internally connected to each other using conductive wires.

LED (Light Emitting Diode)
An LED is a two-terminal electronic device belonging to the diode category that conducts electricity in only one direction and emits energy in the form of light. Electricity will flow through the LED circuit only if its anode terminal is connected to the +ve of the battery and cathode to the -ve of the battery. Typically, the anode terminal of the LED is slightly longer than the cathode. To prevent excessive current flow and potential damage to the LED, a resistor must be connected in series with the LED circuit. The resistor’s value depends on the maximum power the LED can handle and the voltage of the power source.

Programming Modes in PictoBlox
There are two ways to program Arduino using PictoBlox..

1. Upload Mode: In this mode, the program is fully uploaded to the Arduino’s memory and runs independently when powered on, without a computer.
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 5
2. Stage Mode: In this mode, the Arduino runs via USB after uploading firmware and works only when connected to a computer.
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 6
Language of Computers

  • Computers understand only binary language (0 and 1).
  • 0 and 1 are also represented as LOW/HIGH, FALSE/TRUE, or OFF/ON.
  • These values are called bits.
  • Each bit acts like a switch: ON (1) or OFF (0).
  • Bits combine to represent all types of data like text, images, and videos.

Buzzer Module
This electronic component is a buzzer that produces a beep sound. It can be powered by connecting the VCC of the buzzer to the 5V of the Arduino and the GND of the buzzer to the GND of the Arduino. It beeps when the I/O pin is LOW and stops when the pin is HIGH.

Servo Motor

  • It does not rotate continuously like regular motors. Rotates within a range of 0° to 180°.
  • Controlled using PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals.
  • Commonly used in robotics, RC vehicles, and automation.
  • Has three wires:
    Red – connect to 5V (power)
    Brown – connect to GND
    Orange – control wire
  • The angle of the shaft depends on the signal sent to the control wire.

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 7

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

IR Sensor Module
This is an electronic component that is used to detect obstacles in front with the help of infrared waves. If an object comes in front of the IR sensor module, the OUT PIN will become LOW (OFF) and when the object moves, the OUT PIN will become HIGH (ON).

Experiment 1: LIGHTING AN LED USING ARDUINO
Objective:
To understand how to light an LED using an external power source or Arduino, and to learn about circuit construction.
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 8
Components needed:

  • Ardunio UNO
  • LED
  • Register
  • Breadboard
  • Jumper Wires

Circuit Description:

  • Power Source: 5 V output from Ardunio UNO.
  • LED:
    • Anode (long leg) connects to 5V through a resistor.
    • Cathode (short leg) connects to GND
  • Resistor: Used to limit the current to prevent burning the LED (usually 220 – 3302’ Ω)

Experiment 2: BLINKING AN LED USING ARDUINO
Objective:
To blink an LED by controlling its ON/OFF state using Ardunio programming and digital pins.
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 9

Components needed:

  • Ardunio UNO
  • LED
  • Register
  • Breadboard
  • Jumper Wires
  • USB Cable

Circuit Description:

  • Digital Pin 13 of Ardunio connects to the LED through a resistor.
  • GND connects to the LED cathode.

Software: PictoBlox Programming Steps:

    1. Connect Ardunio to the computer via USB.
    2. Open PictoBlox software.
    3. Select Block Coding mode.
    4. Click Board → Select Ardunio UNO.
    5. Click Connect and choose the correct COM port.
    6. Switch to Upload Mode.

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 10

Experiment 3: BUZZER SOUND SYSTEM
Objective:
To produce a beep sound at regular intervals using a buzzer and Ardunio.
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 11
Circuit Description:

  • Buzzer I/O Pin → Digital Pin 8
  • VCC → 5V
  • GND → GND

Working:

  • The buzzer beeps when LOW signal is sent.
  • The buzzer beeps when HIGH signal is sent.

Project: AUTOMATIC SANITIZER DISPENSER
Objective:
To detect hand presence using an IR sensor and dispense sanitizer using a servo motor controlled by Arduino.
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 12

Components needed:

  • Ardunio UNO
  • IR Sensor Module
  • Servo Motor (3-pin)
  • Jumper Wires
  • Breadboard
  • Sanitizer Bottle Setup

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 13

Circuit Description:
IR Sensor:

  • OUT → Digital Pin 8
  • VCC → 5V
  • GND → GND

Servo Motor:

  • Orange (Signal) → Digital Pin 9 (PWM)
  • Red → 5V
  • Brown → GND

PictoBlox Programming Steps:
SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 14

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
Artificial Intelligence is a technology that enables machines to learn and solve problems by imitating human intelligence and thinking skills.

Robots are growing to be able to perform tasks with precision and efficiency beyond human intelligence.

Experiment 4: SMART DOOR SYSTEM
Objective:
To build and program an automated door that uses computer vision (face detection) to open only when a human face is detected.

Components Required:

  • Ardunio UNO board
  • USB cable
  • Servo motor (SG90 or similar)
  • Jumper wires
  • Maximum
  • Laptop with Pictoblox installed

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 15

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots

Circuit Description:

  • Servo motoe connections:
    • Orange wire (Signal) → Digital Pin 3 (PWM) on ardunio
    • Red wire (VCC) → 5V on ardunio
    • Brown wire (GND) → GND on Ardunio
  • Software Setup:

SSLC IT Chapter 6 Theory Questions Notes The World of Robots 16

  • Open Pictoblox.
    • Select Stage Mode (needed to use laptop camera).
    • Connect Arduino via USB and upload firmware.
    • Go to Add Extension → Face Detection.
    • Start creating the program using blocks.

Procedure:

  1. Connect the Arduino to the laptop.
  2. Make the connections of the servo motor as per the diagram.
  3. In Pictoblox, upload firmware and switch to Stage Mode.
  4. Add the Face Detection extension.
  5. Create the script that uses:
    • Video feed from the camera
    • Detection of faces
    • Servo motor commands to open/close the door
  6. Run the code and observe the door (servo) action.